HEAT TREATMENT

1. There are how many allotropes of iron?

a)1 b) 2 c) 4 d) 3
2. Structure of the alpha iron
a) FCC b) BCC c) HCP d) NONE
3. γ-iron is obtained above which of the following given temperature in
centigrade?
a) 1539
b) 768
c) 910
d) 1410
4. α-iron is obtained below which of the following given temperature in
centigrade?
a) 1539
b) 768
c) 910
d) 1410
5. α-iron is obtained below which of the following given temperature in
centigrade?
a) 1539
b) 768
c) 910
d) 1410

6. In annealing the heating of steel is done_______critical temperature.

A) Above B) Below C) up to D) none
7. In which medium the cooling is done in case of annealing?
A) Furnace B) Air C) Oil D) Water
 8. Cooling rate for annealing normally done at a rate of___0c/hr.
A)B)C)D)
A) 50 B) 100 C) 150 D) 180
9. After annealing the dimension of the object ____.
A) Increases B) Decreases C) Remains same D)
None
10. Which structure obtains by furnace cooling of hypo-eutectoid steel?
A) Ferrite & pearlite B) Ferrite & cementite C) Pearlite &
cementite D) None
11. Annealing causes which property?
A) Improve machinability
B) Reduce internal stress
C) Induces internal stress
D) Both A& B

12. What is the critical temperature of steel?

A) 723 B) 910 C) 600 D) 500
13. After quenching dimension of the object ___.
a) Increases c) remains const.
b) Decreases d) none
14. Stable austenite is obtained above _____0c in TTT diagram.
A) 723 B) 910 C) 600 D) 500
15. At which temperature the transformation starts earlier according to
TTT diagram?
A) 723 B) 910 C) 600 D) 550
16. Fast cooling obtains _______ microstructure.
 A) Martensite b) Pearlite c) Bainite d) Ferrite
17. What is Quenching?
a) Slowly cooling the work piece
b) Rapid heating the work piece
c) Slowly heating the work piece
d) Rapid cooling the work piece
18. How many invariant reaction are there in iron carbide phase
diagram?
A) 2 b) 4 c) 5 d) 3
19. Chemical formulae of carbide is _____
a) Fe3 C b) Fe2O c) Fe2O3 d) FeO
20. Melting Point of Iron_______
a) 2000 0 C b) 1539 0C c) 910 0C d) 1440 0C
21. CARBON % IN CEMENTITE IS_____.
a) 6.67 b) 4.3 c) 2.1 d) 0.9
22. In paratactic reaction LIQUID+DELTA- FERRITE gives___.
a) Austenite b) Pearlite c) Bainite d) Ferrite
23. Quenching for more time obtains _____ % of pearlite.
A) 100% B) 90% C) 50% D) 5%
24. How carbon % relates with hardness In steel
a) Directly proportional c) None b) Inversely proportional
25. In Fe-fe3c diagram maximum solubility of carbon in ferrite is ………%
a) 0.002 b) 0.02 c) 0.2 d) 0.08
26. Austenite having maximum carbon solubility of ___% at___0c
temperature.
 a) 2.11,1147 b) 2.33,1300 c) 1.8,723 d) 4.3,1400
27.
28. δ-iron is obtained above which of the following given temperature in
centigrade?
a) 1539
b) 768
c) 910
d) 1410
29. Which of the following property is affected by heat treatment?
a) Hardness
b) Strength
c) Ductility
D) all of the above
30. Annealing involves heating the component to a temperature
a) Slightly above the critical temperature
b) Equal to critical temperature
c) Slightly less than critical temperature
d) None of the mentioned
31. Flame hardening involves
a) Heating the surface above the transformation range
b) Quenching after heating
c) Minimum case depth is 1mm
d) All of the mentioned
32. Induction hardening process involves
a) Heating surface by induction in field of invariable current
b) Case depth minimum of 2mm are produced
c) Heating surface by induction in field of alternating current
d) None of the mentioned
33. Case carburizing involves
a) Introducing carbon at surface layer
b) Heating range 880 to 980’C
c) Case depths up to 2mm are possible
d) All of the mentioned
34. Which of the following phase is obtained as the end product, after
complete heat treatment cycle in austempering process?
a. Austenite
b. Bainite
c. Martensite
d. Pearlite
35. In which of the following methods, surface of a steel component
becomes hard due to phase transformation austenite to martensite?
a. Carbonitriding
b. Flame hardening
c. Both a. and b.
d. None of the above

36. Which one of the following is not equilibrium heat treatment

(1) Austenetising
(2) Annealing
(3) Normalizing
(4) Precipitation

37. Which of the following is hardest constituent of steel?

a) Ludeburite
b) Austenite
c) Bainite
d) Martensite
38. The hardenability is not affected by
(1) air
(2) chemical composition of steel
(3) critical cooling rate
(4) quenching medium and method of quenching
39. The fastest cooling rate is achieved when steel is quenched in
(1) air
(2) oil
 (3) water
(4) brine
40. Which of the following is case hardening process
(1) Carburizing
(2) nitriding
(3) cyaniding
(4) all of the above
41. What is carburizing?
(1) Enrichment the surface of low carbon steel by carbon
(2) Enrichment the surface of low carbon steel by nitrogen
(3) Enrichment the surface of low carbon steel by cyanide
(4) None
42. For carburizing the carbon contain of steel should be _____ to _____.
(1) 0.1, 0.25
(2) 0.25, 1.75
(3) 0.3, 1.8
(4) 0.2, 1.1
43. In carburizing surface hardness depends on ______
(1) Carbon content
(2) Heat provided
(3) Surface finish
(4) NONE

44. WHAT IS surface hardening?

(1) Change the chemical composition of surface.
(2) Hardening whole object
(3) Chemical composition of surface is not changed.
(4) None
45. Low carbon steel having carbon % of_____to_____.
(1) 0.008-0.3
(2) 0.08-0.3
 (3) 0.001-0.3
(4) 0.001-0.3
46. medium carbon steel having carbon % of_____to_____.
(1) 0.008-0.3
(2) 0.08-0.3
(3) 0.3-0.7
(4) 0.001-0.3
47. High carbon steel having carbon % of_____to_____.
(1) 0.008-0.3
(2) 0.3-0.7
(3) 0.7-2.0
(4) 0.001-0.3
48. Cooling media for quenching is ______.
(1) Brine solution
(2) Oil
(3) Water
(4) All
49. Salt bath is done in which heat treatment process?
(1) Quenching
(2) Annealing
(3) Tempering
(4) Normalizing
50. Induction hardening includes _____ process.
(1) Surface quenching
(2) Annealing
(3) Carburizing
(4) Tempering
51. ______is a basic source of carbon during pack carburizing.
(1) Charcoal
(2) Graphite
(3) Nitrogen
(4) None
52. The best carburizing temperature is______0c.
(1) 900
(2) 723
 (3) 800
(4) 550

53. How high temperature carburizing affect metals?

(1) It produces crack during quenching
(2) Reduces internal stress
(3) Increase ductility property
(4) All
54. Factors affecting exact case depth in case hardening are
(1) Density of packing
(2) Amount of air
(3) Time period
(4) All
55. _____ is a case hardening process.
(1) Nitriding
(2) Annealing
(3) Quenching
(4) Tempering
56. Temperature range for nitriding_____ to_____0c.
(1) 500-575
(2) 575-900
(3) 900-1400
(4) 723-910
57. Nitriding is a heat treatment process of enriching steel surface
with______.
(1) Charcoal
(2) Graphite
(3) Nitrogen
(4) None
58. Highest hardness can obtained in nitriding is_____HRC.
(1) 35
(2) 45
 (3) 50
(4) 71
59. The hardness of the steel depends up on.
(1) Amount of cementite contain
(2) Amount of carbon contain
(3) Method of manufacturing of steel
(4) None
60. A steel with carbon 0.8 % is known as
(1) Eutectoid steel
(2) Hypo- eutectoid steel
(3) Hyper- eutectoid steel
(4) None
61. Eutectic reaction occurs at _____ 0c.
(1) 600
(2) 723
(3) 1147
(4) 913

62. A steel with carbon ______% is known as hypo- eutectoid steel

(1) Above 0.8
(2) Below 0.8
(3) Above 0.08
(4) Below 0.08
63. Lower critical point for all steels are
(1) 600
(2) 723
(3) 1147
(4) 913
64. Iron-carbon alloys containing carbon______4.3% are known as hyper
eutectic cast iron.
(1) More than
(2) Less than
(3) Equal with
(4) None
65. A steel with 0.8% of carbon and 100% pearlite is called
 (1) Eutectoid steel
(2) Hypo-eutectoid steel
(3) Hyper-eutectoid steel
(4) Eutectic steel
66. An eutectoid steel contains of
(1) Wholly pearlite (3) Pearlite & ferrite
(2) Wholly austenite (4) Pearlite & cementite
67. Range of hypo-eutectoid steel is
(1) 0.008-0.8 (3)1.7-4.3
(2) 0.8-2.0 (4) 4.3-6.67
68. Range of hyper-eutectoid steel is
(1) 0.008-0.8 (3)1.7-4.3
(2) 0.8-2.0 (4) 4.3-6.67
69. Range of hyper-eutectic cast iron is
(1) 0.008-0.8 (3)1.7-4.3
(2) 0.8-2.0 (4) 4.3-6.67
70. Range of hypo-eutectic cast iron is
(1) 0.008-0.8 (3)1.7-4.3
(2) 0.8-2.0 (4) 4.3-6.67
71. Which following sets of constituents is expected in equilibrium
cooling of hyper-eutectoid steel from austenitic state?
(1) Ferrite & pearlite
(2) Cementite & pearlite
(3) Ferrite & bainite
(4) Cementite & martensite

72. When a steel contains less than 0.8% carbon is cooled slowly from
temp above or within the critical range, it consists of
(1) Ferrite & pearlite (3) Ferrite
(2) Cementite & pearlite (4) pearlite
73. When a steel contains ____ 0.8% carbon is cooled slowly below the
lower critical point, it consists of ferrite and pearlite.
(1) Equal to (3) less than
(2) More than (4) none
74. When a steel contains more than 0.8% carbon is cooled slowly below
the lower critical point it consist of
(1) Ferrite & pearlite (3) Ferrite
(2) Cementite & pearlite (4) pearlite
75. Austenite is solid solution of carbon and iron carbide in gamma-iron.
(1) Correct (2)incorrect
76. A steel contains ferrite and pearlite is
(1) Hard
(2) Soft
(3) Tough
(4) Soft & tough
77. Annealing of steel is done to impart which one of the following
property on steel?
a) Hardness
b) Toughness
c) Ductility
d) None of the mentioned
78. In Normalizing cooling is done in which of the following medium?
a) Air
b) Water
c) Oil
d) Furnace
79. Normalized steel is done to
(1) Refine the grain structure
(2) Remove strain caused by cold working
(3) Remove dislocation caused due to hot working
(4) All
80. Which of the following statement is true for annealing of steel
(1) Steel are heated to 500 to 7000c.
(2) Cooling is done slowly
(3) Internal stress are relieved
 (4) All of these
81. The process which improves machinability of steel , but lowers the
hardness and tensile strength, is
(1) Normalizing
(2) Full annealing
(3) Process annealing
(4) Spheroidising
82. The hardness and tensile strength in austenitic stainless steel can be
increased by
(1) Hardening and cold working
(2) Normalizing
(3) Martempering
(4) full annealing
83. The process used for reliving the internal stress previously set up in
the metal and for the increasing the machinability of steel, is
(1) Normalizing
(2) Full annealing
(3) Process annealing
(4) Spheroidising

84. When the steel is normalized , its

(1) Yield point increases
(2) Ductility increases
(3) Ultimate tensile strength increases
(4) All of these
85. Ferrite and pearlite makes the steel soft and ductile
(1) Agree (2) disagree
86. In the austempering process of heat treatment, austenite is changed
into
(1) Martensite
(2) Troostite
(3) Sorbite
(4) Bainite
87. The heat treatment process used for casting
(1) Normalizing
 (2) Carburizing
(3) Annealing
(4) Tempering
88. Heat treatment process used for softening harden steel
(1) Normalizing
(2) Carburizing
(3) Annealing
(4) Tempering
89. Induction hardening _____ is high.
1) Current
2) Voltage
3) Frequency
4) Temperature
90. In case depth of around 0.1mm salt bath takes _____ time as
compared to gas nitriding.
(1) Less
(2) More
(3) Same
(4) None
91. In which nitriding process quenching is needed.
(1) gas nitriding
(2) Salt bath nitriding
(3) Cyaniding
(4) none
92. For small case depths which nitriding is cheaper?
(1) gas nitriding
(2) Salt bath nitriding
(3) none
93. _____process both carbon and nitrogen are added to the surface of
the metal.
(1) Carbonitriding
(2) Nitriding
(3) Induction hardening
(4) Flame hardening
94. Temperature range usually for carbonitriding is_____to_____ 0c.
(1) 800,900
(2) 1000, 1400
(3) 550,600
(4) 700,723
95. Carbonitriding further require _____process
(1) Quenching
(2) Carburizing
(3) Annealing
(4) Tempering
96. A carbonitriding the carrier gas contains ___ to ___% of CO.
(1) 20-25
(2) 0.4-0.5
(3) 0.1-0.2
(4) 40-45
97. A carbonitriding the carrier gas contains ___ to __% of H2
(1) 20-25
(2) 35-40
(3) 0.1-0.2
(4) 40-45
98. A carbonitriding the carrier gas contains ___ to ____% of natural gas.
(1) 20-25
(2) 0.4-0.5
(3) 0.1-0.2
(4) 40-45
99. A carbonitriding the carrier gas contains ___to ____% of CH4.
(1) 20-25
(2) 0.4-0.5
(3) 0.1-0.2
(4) 40-45
100. Ammonia decomposes at the steel surface to give _____in
carbonitriding process.
(1) Steel
 (2) nascent-nitrogen
(3) Oxide
(4) Nitrogen
101. For carbonitriding process a steel must have upto___% of carbon.
(1) 0.5
(2) 0.8
(3) 0.25
(4) 0.08
102. ______ is a case hardening process.
(1) Cyaniding
(2) induction hardening
(3) quenching
(4) annealing

103. In cyaniding both carbon and nitrogen are added to the surface layer
of steel by Deeping in a liquid_____.
(1) Water
(2) Oil
(3) Cyanide
(4) Salt solution
104. Temperature range usually for cyaniding is_____to_____0c.
(1) 800,900
(2) 1000, 1400
(3) 550,600
(4) 700,723
105. Carbon % between _____to____ is treated in cyaniding process.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
106. Which of the following property improved by cyaniding process.
(1) Heat resistance
(2) Corrosion resistance
 (3) Fatigue strength
(4) All of the above
107. The maximum cyanate contain normally does not exceed _____% in
cyaniding process.
(1) 3
(2) 5
(3) 4
(4) 1
108. Cyaniding gives nitrogen content of_____to____%.
(1) 0.8-1.2
(2)1.2-2.3
(3) 2.3-3.0
(4)0.6-0.7
109. Cyaniding gives carbon content of_____to____%.
(1) 0.8-1.2
(2)1.2-2.3
(3) 2.3-3.0
(4)0.6-0.7
110. Which of the following is surface hardening method.
(1) LASER hardening
(2) Flame hardening
(3) Induction hardening
(4) All of the above
111. Surface hardening _____ chemical composition of steel.
(1) Change
(2) Does not change
112. Surface hardened material possess _____ property.
(1) Hardness
(2) Wear resistance
(3) Produces tough core
(4) All of the above

113. In surface hardening material is heated up to_____temp.

(1) Boiling point
(2) Austenising
 (3) Lower critical temperature
(4) None
114. The surface hardening is done by means of induction heating is
known as______.
(1) Induction hardening
(2) Surface quenching
(3) Laser hardening
(4) Flame hardening
115. Which factor is mainly produces heat in induction hardening.
(1) Eddy current
(2) Inductor
(3) Water
(4) Current
116. The heating rate in the temperature range for hypo eutectoid steel is
about____0c/s.
(1) 300
(2) 400
(3) 500
(4) 800
117. The tempering temperature for cutting tools like milling cutters,
screw taps is ____ to ___.
(1) 150-250
(2) 250-350
(3) 550-600
(4) 723-910
118. Tempering is a process in which
(1) Heating is done up to lower critical temperature and then cooled
slowly.
(2) Heating is done up to lower critical temperature and then cooled
rapidly in water.
(3) Heating is done above astonishing temperature and cooled rapidly.
(4) None
119. How many types of tempering are there
(1) 3
(2) 2
 (3) 5
(4) 4
120. Temperature range for low tempering is _______ to _______.
(1) 350,500
(2) 500,650
(3) 250,300
(4) None
121. Tempering induced which property
(1) Ductility
(2) Impact Strength
(3) both 1 &2
(4) None
122. How many stages are used to tempering of plain carbon steel
(1) 4
(2) 3
(3) 5
(4) 2

123. There are how many types of carburizing furnace

(1) 4
(2) 3
(3) 5
(4) 2
124. Furnace used in carburizing,
(1) Batch type furnace
(2) Box type furnace
(3) Continues type furnace
(4) Both 1&3
125. Maximum case depth for continues type furnace is _______ mm.
(1) 4
(2) 3
(3) 5
(4) 2
126. For large size parts _____ furnace is used in carburizing.
(1) Pit furnace
 (2) Horizontal furnace
(3) Box type furnace
(4) None
127. Horizontal furnace used in _______ heat treatment process
(1) Quenching
(2) Carburizing
(3) Annealing
(4) Tempering

128. Sealed-quench furnace is ____type of batch furnace.

(1) Horizontal furnace
(2) Integral quench furnace
(3) Pit furnace
(4) Box type furnace
129. The microstructure obtain between S & C curve of TTT diagram is
(1) Austenite + pearlite
(2) Pearlite
(3) Martensite
(4) Bainite + cementite
130. In carbon steel incubation period at the nose of the curve does not
exceeds _____second.
(1) 1.5
(2) 3.5
(3) 2.5
(4) 3.8
131. In induction hardening carbon contain is kept in range of_____ to
____%.
(1) 0.3-0.5
(2) 1.2-2.0
(3) 2.0-2.5
(4) 2.5-3.0
132. Hardness obtained in induction hardening of steel containing 0.3-0.5
% of carbon is _____ HRC.
(1) 50-60 (2) 45-48 (3) 35-40 (4) 15-25
133. Coil used in induction hardening is made up of_____material.
(1) Cupper
(2) Brass
(3) Aluminum
(4) Iron
134. In induction hardening surface is _____harden as compare to core.
(1) Less (3) same
(2) More (4) none
135. Advantages of induction hardening,
(1) High fatigue strength
(2) Case depth can be easily controlled.
(3) Operational cost per part is less
(4) All of the above
136. In flame hardening which process is carried out after heating.
(1) Quenching
(2) Carburizing
(3) Annealing
(4) Tempering
137. In which heat treatment process crack and internal stress is induced
(1) Quenching
(2) Carburizing
(3) Annealing
(4) Tempering

138. What are the defects produced during hardening?

(1) Soft spots
(2) Quench cracks
(3) Change in dimension
(4) All of the above
139. Temperature range for medium tempering is _______ to _______ 0c.
(1) 350,500
(2) 500,650
(3) 250,300
(4) None
140. Temperature range for high tempering is _______ to _______0c.
 (1) 350,500
(2) 500,650
(3) 250,300
(4) None
141. Mild steel can be converted into high carbon steel by using which of
the following process?
a) Annealing
b) Normalizing
c) none of these
d) Carburizing
142. Hypo-eutectoid steels on cooling during annealing process converts
to:
a) Pearlite
b) Cementite
c) Austenite
d) None of the mentioned
143. Cast iron made in which furnace
a) Blast Furnace
b) Pit Furnace
c) Cupola Furnace
d) Pudding Furnace
144. Which one is the batch type furnace
a) Blast
b) Tunnel
c) Box
d) Conveyer
145. Which furnace use for making steel?
a) Electric Furnace
b) Blast
c) Pudding
d) All of these
146. How much Carbon percentage content of steel will be used for flame
hardening?
a) 1 – 2% c
b) 0.5 – 0.6% c
 c) 0.3 – 0.6% c
d) 0.005 – 0.25% c

147. What is Quenching?

a) Rapid cooling
b) Rapid Heating
c) Slowly Heating
d) Slowly Cooling
148. Why normalizing is required?
a) To refine the grains
b) To reduce hardness.
c) To relieve internal stresses
d) To facilitate further cold working by restoring ductility.
149. Which of the following property decreases in the steel after
quenching?
a) Brittleness
b) Percentage elongation
c) Impact strength
d) None of these
150. Wrought iron made in which furnace
a) Cupola
b) Blast
c) Pudding
d) Electric furnace
151. Hardening Temp. of High Carbon steel
a) 10000C - 13000C
b) 7900C - 8300C
c) 8200C - 8700C
d) 7230C - 7670C
152. The machine tool guide ways are usually hardened by
a) Vacuum hardening
b) Martempering
c) Induction hardening
d) Flame hardening