National Calendar of India

Chaitra, Shukla Paksha Prathma

चैत्र मास, शुक्ल पक्ष, प्रतिपदा तिति (विक्रमी संिि ् 2081)

Daily CA
9 April 2024
 Hindu New Year
▪ It falls on the first day (Pratipada tithi) of Shukla paksha in
the month of Chaitra.
▪ In 2024, Hindu New Year falls on April 9th, is going to be
Vikram Samvat 2081.

▪ Along similar lines, Ugadi, also known as the Telugu New

Year, is a significant festival celebrated in the states
of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Karnataka

▪ In Maharashtra, it is known as Gudi Padwa.

▪ Navreh in J&K.
▪ Sajibu Cheiraoba in Manipur
 QUESTION OF THE DAY
Which INS was awarded the 'On the Spot Unit Citation'
for successful conduct of anti-piracy operations?
समुद्री डकैिी रोधी अतियानों के सफल संचालन
के तलए ककस आईएनएस को 'ऑन द स्पॉट
यूतनट प्रशस्स्ि पत्र' से सम्मातनि ककया गया?
a) INS Vikramaditya
b) INS Viraat
c) INS Arihant
d) INS Sharda
 Qutub Minar illuminates in remembrance of Rwanda
Genocide of 1994/कुिुब मीनार 1994 के रिांडा नरसंहार की याद में रोशनी से
जगमगा रहा है

▪ UN International Day of Reflection on the 1994 Genocide

against the Tutsi in Rwanda (7th April)

▪ The Qutub Minar was lit up with the colours of the Rwandan
national flag on April 7 in solidarity in remembrance of the
100-day massacre that claimed the lives of 8,00,000 people
in 1994 in the Rwanda capital, Kigali.

▪ On this day in 1994, extremists from the Hutu ethnic group

launched a 100-day killing spree, in which members of the
Tutsi minority and Hutu moderates were slaughtered.
▪ 1994 Rwanda Genocide (Kwibuka 30) is considered one
of the bloodiest massacres of the 20th century.

Why did the genocide happen?

▪ The Tutsis, who made up 8.4 % of the population, were
favoured under Belgian colonialism

▪ The Hutus made up 85 % of the population, but they

could not in practice access education and economic
opportunities that the ruling Tutsis could.
▪ In 1959, as independence movements swept across Africa,
the Hutus violently revolted against the Belgian colonists
and the Tutsi elite.

▪ A Hutu government came to power after independence in

1962, but faced threats from Tutsi refugees

▪ One group, the Uganda-based Rwandan Patriotic Front

(RPF), aimed to seize power and return exiled refugees by
launching attacks on civilian and military targets in Rwanda.

▪ By late 1990, a civil war had broken out between the RPF and
the Rwandan government.
 Rwanda
▪ Capital: Kigali
▪ President: Paul Kagame
▪ Currency: Rwandan franc (RWF)
 North America witness rare astronomical phenomenon –
total solar eclipse

▪ On April 8, a total solar eclipse will cross

North America, passing over Mexico, the
United States, and Canada.

▪ According to Royal Museums Greenwich,

once a place on Earth witnesses a total
solar eclipse, it will be about 400 years
before that part sees the next one.
 What is a Solar Eclipse?

• A solar eclipse takes place when the Moon moves in the

middle of Earth and the Sun.

• The Moon blocks the light of the Sun, either fully or partially,
which casts a huge shadow on some parts of the world.

• When the moon completely covers the sun, it casts a shadow

on Earth, forming what is called a “path of totality.” During
the total darkening of the sky, also known as totality, we can
get a glimpse of the Sun’s corona — the outer atmosphere —
which is usually not visible due to the bright face of the Sun.
▪ A solar eclipse is witnessed only during the
new moon — when the Moon and Sun are
aligned on the same side of Earth.
▪ A new moon occurs about 29.5 days because
that is how long it takes the Moon to orbit
Earth.

• But a solar eclipse does not happen every month. It takes place
only between two to five times annually.
• It is because the Moon does not orbit Earth in the same plane
as the Earth orbits the Sun.
• The Moon is tilted by about five degrees with respect to Earth.
• As a result, most of the time when the Moon is in between the
Sun and Earth, its shadow is either too high or too low to fall on
the Earth.
 Why is a total solar eclipse so rare?

▪ This is because a total eclipse is only visible if one is standing in

the umbra the other part of the shadow is called the penumbra,
which is not as dark as the umbra.
▪ The moon’s umbra is cone shaped and becomes smaller as it
moves father from the moon.
▪ Umbral shadow during a solar eclipse will only cover less than
1% of the globe.
▪ This is why only very few people will get to see a total eclipse at
a time.
▪ The penumbra is lighter and becomes larger as it moves father
from moon.
 H5N1 bird flu behind hundreds of dead penguins in
Antarctica/अंटाकककटका में सैकडों मृि पेंगुइनों के पीछे H5N1 बडक फ्लू है

▪ A scientific expedition discovered at least 532 dead Adelie

penguins, with thousands more believed to have perished.

▪ While the researchers suspect the deadly H5N1 bird flu virus
killed the penguins, the field tests were inconclusive.

▪ H5N1 bird flu has spread more aggressively in wildlife than

ever before since arriving in South America in 2022

▪ The first case of H5N1 in Antarctica was confirmed in

February.
 Bird Flu
• Avian influenza, also known as 'bird flu', is a
disease primarily affecting birds and is caused by a virus
of the Orthomyxoviridae family.
• H5N1 virus is a subtype of influenza type A that causes a
highly infectious, severe respiratory disease in birds
called avian influenza (or "bird flu").
• Human cases of H5N1 avian influenza occur occasionally,
When people do become infected, the mortality rate is
about 60%.
• The most common way for the virus to enter a territory is
through migratory wild birds.
 Sam Pitroda’s New Book ‘The Idea of Democracy’/सैम
वपत्रोदा की नई ककिाब 'द आइकडया ऑफ डे मोक्रेसी'

▪ It explores the current state of democracy and its potential

challenges in countries like India and the United States.

Sam Pitoda is famous as:

▪ Father of Indian Telecom Revolution

▪ He was the Founder and First Chairman of India’s Telecom
Commission. ​
▪ Father of Yellow Revolution
 Sumit Nagal becomes first Indian to win Monte-Carlo Masters
singles main draw in 42 years

▪ Sumit Nagal created history, becoming the first Indian to

record a main-draw win at Monte Carlo Masters, beating
Italy’s Matteo Arnaldi in the first round

▪ He is only the third Indian to feature in the main draw in

Monte Carlo after Vijay Amritraj (1977) and Ramesh
Krishnan (1982)

▪ Nagal is also the first Indian to win an ATP Masters 1000

match on clay since the series began in 1990.
Indian Shuttlers Anupama Upadhyaya,
M Tharun Clinch Their Singles Titles At
Kazakhstan International Badminton
Challenge Tournament/िारिीय शटलर अनुपमा
उपाध्याय, एम िारुन ने कजाककस्िान अंिराकष्ट्रीय बैडतमंटन
चैलेंज टू नाकमेंट में अपना एकल स्ििाब जीिा
Max Verstappen won Japanese F1 Grand Prix/मैक्स िेरस्टै पेन की जापानी
ग्ां प्री में जीि
 The Suvidha Portal/ सुविधा पोटक ल

• To have a single window to process all the election

permission the Election Commission of India launched an
application called ‘Suvidha Portal’.

• It caters to permissions for organising rallies, opening

temporary party offices, door-to-door canvassing, video
vans, helicopters, obtaining vehicle permits, and
distributing pamphlets.

• Based on first in first out system

Innovative Election Initiative: Punjab Launches ‘Booth
Raabta’ Website/अतिनि चुनाि पहल: पंजाब ने 'बूि राब्िा' िेबसाइट लॉन्च की

▪ A special website named ‘Booth Raabta’

has been launched to provide election-
related information & facilities to the
people

▪ Booth Raabta means Booth Contact and

this website is a unique initiative of
Malerkotla district, Punjab
 GAIL Wins 15th CIDC Vishwakarma Award for Barauni –
Guwahati Pipeline/गेल ने बरौनी-गुिाहाटी पाइपलाइन के तलए 15िां सीआईडीसी
विश्वकमाक पुरस्कार जीिा

▪ GAIL (India) Limited won the prestigious 15th CIDC Vishwakarma

Award in the ‘Achievement Award for Best Construction Projects’
category for its Barauni – Guwahati Natural Gas Pipeline project
(BGPL).

▪ The 718km pipeline which traverses through Bihar, West Bengal and
Assam has been built at a cost of Rs 3,992 crore by GAIL, a
Maharatna PSU under the Ministry of Petroleum and Natural Gas
• The BGPL project, an integral part of Jagdishpur – Haldia
& Bokaro – Dhamra Pipeline project, has connected
North-East India with the National Gas Grid for the first
time.

• GAIL Director (Projects) Deepak Gupta

Sagar Kavach 2024: Coastal Security Exercise in
Lakshadweep Islands/सागर किच 2024: लक्षद्वीप द्वीप समूह में िटीय
सुरक्षा अभ्यास

▪ A two-day exercise involving all maritime security agencies

of the country was conducted off the Lakshadweep Islands
from April 1-2.

▪ The Indian Navy, Coast Guard, Marine Police, fisheries,

customs and other security agencies were engaged in the
coastal security exercise

▪ Earlier in March, the first edition of this biannual coastal

exercise (01/24) for the state of Kerala was conducted
 Pro-Russia candidate Peter Pellegrini
elected Slovakia president

Slovakia Capital: Bratislava

• Daily CA – Parcham Telegram
• Monthly Sawaal by 10th of every month
on parchamclasses.in
REVISION QUESTIONS
Who is the author of the book titled 'The Idea of
Democracy’?

a) Kapil Sibal
b) Kiran Desai
c) Khushwant Singh
d) Sam Pitroda
answer: d
Who recently became the first Indian to win the Monte
Carlo Masters singles main draw in 42 years?

a) Leander Paes
b) Sumit Nagal
c) Rohan Bopanna
d) Mahesh Bhupathi
answer: b
Who won the Japanese Grand Prix in Formula 1?
फॉमूल
क ा 1 में जापानी ग्ां प्री ककसने जीिा?

a) Lewis Hamilton
b) Sebastian Vettel
c) Max Verstappen
d) Valtteri Bottas
Ans: c
Which organization won the prestigious 15th CIDC Vishwakarma
Award in the ‘Achievement Award for Best Construction Projects’
category?
ककस संगठन ने 'सिकश्रष्ठ े तनमाकण पररयोजनाओं के तलए उपलस्ब्ध
पुरस्कार' श्रेणी में प्रतिवष्ठि 15िां CIDC विश्वकमाक पुरस्कार जीिा?

a) GAIL (India) Limited

b) Indian Oil Corporation Limited (IOCL)
c) Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)
d) Hindustan Petroleum Corporation Limited (HPCL)
Ans: a
QUESTION OF THE DAY

When does a solar eclipse occur?

सूयक ग्हण कब होिा है ?

a) During a full moon

b) During a new moon
c) During a waxing crescent moon
d) During a waning gibbous moon