1.

PHÁT ÂM VÀ TRỌNG ÂM
Ms. Dung 1
I. PHÁT ÂM
1. Phân biệt cách phát âm đuôi "-ed" của ĐỘNG TỪ:

/id/ /t/ /d/

- khi đứng sau âm /t/ và /d/  /s/ (x, s, ss, se, ce) VD: dance → danced khi không thuộc hai trường hợp
VD: start → started, decide →  /∫/(sh) VD: wash → washed trên.
decided  /k/ (k) VD: work → worked VD: clean → cleaned,
 /p/ (p) VD: hope → hoped rob → robbed, move → moved
 /t∫/ (ch) VD: watch → watched
 /f/ (f, gh, ph) VD: cough → coughed
(Lưu ý: “-gh” cuối từ thường câm. vd:
“plough”)

Lưu ý: - “-se” cuối từ đa số được phát âm là /z/ nhưng có đôi khi phát âm là /s/
VD: raise, refuse, cause,advise, use, please, realise, ... X decrease,release, promise,……….
- “-ce” cuối từ được phát âm là /s/ : practice, produce,….
- tính từ tận cùng bằng -ed được phát âm là /id/ gồm: beloved (yêu quý), learned (có học thức) , naked ….

Bài tập: Chọn từ mà phần gạch chân có cách phát âm khác với những từ còn lại:

1. A. arrived B. believed C. received D. hoped

2. A. opened B. knocked C. played D. occurred
3. A. rubbed B. tugged C. stopped D. filled
4. A. dimmed B. travelled C. passed D. stirred
5. A. tipped B. begged C. quarrelled D. carried
6. A. tried B. obeyed C. cleaned D. asked
7. A. packed B. added C. worked D. pronounced
8. A. watched B. phoned C. referred D. followed
9. A. agreed B. succeeded C. smiled D. loved
10. A. laughed B. washed C. helped D. weighed
11. A. walked B. ended C. started D. wanted
12. A. killed B. hurried C. regretted D. planned
13. A. visited B. showed C. wondered D. studied
14. A. sacrificed B. finished C. fixed D. seized
15. A. needed B. booked C. stopped D. washed
16. A. loved B. teased C. washed D. rained
17. A. packed B. punched C. pleased D. pushed
18. A. filled B. naked C. suited D. wicked
19. A. caused B. increased C. practised D. promised
20. A. washed B. parted C. passed D. barked
21. A. killed B. cured C. crashed D. waived
22. A. imagined B. released C. rained D. followed
23. A. called B. passed C. talked D. washed

Ms. Dung 2
24. A. landed B. needed C. opened D. wanted
25. A. cleaned B. attended C. visited D. started
26. A. talked B. fished C. arrived D. stepped
27. A. wished B. wrapped C. laughed D. turned
28. A. considered B. rescued C. pulled D. roughed
29. A. produced B. arranged C. checked D. fixed
30. A. caused B. examined C. operated D. advised
31. A. discovered B. destroyed C. developed D. opened
32. A. repaired B. invented C. wounded D. succeeded
33. A. improved B. parked C. broadened D. encouraged
34. A. delivered B. organized C. replaced D. obeyed
35. A. painted B. provided C. protected D. equipped
36. A. tested B. marked C. presented D. founded
37. A. used B. finished C. married D. rained
38. A. allowed B. dressed C. flashed D. mixed
39. A. switched B. stayed C. believed D. cleared
40. A. recommended B. waited C. handed D. designed
41. A. annoyed B. phoned C. watched D. remembered
42. A. hurried B. decided C. planned D. wondered
43. A. posted B. added C. managed D. arrested
44. A. dreamed B. neglected C. denied D. admired
45. A. admitted B. advanced C. appointed D. competed
46. A. announced B. apologized C. answered D. argued
47. A. complained B. applied C. compared D. polished
48. A. booked B. watched C. jogged D. developed
49. A. contributed B. jumped C. introduced D. vanished
50. A. whispered B. wandered C. sympathized D. sentenced

2. Phân biệt cách phát âm đuôi “-s/-es” của V/N

/s/ /iz/ /z/

-khi đứng sau âm - /s/ (s ,x,ce, se). bus → buses, horse → -khi không thuộc hai trường hợp
 /p/ (p) map → maps horses, , place → places. trên.VD: play → plays, video →
 /t/ (t) hate→ hates - /∫/ (sh) finish → finishes videos
 /k/ (k) book → books - /t∫/ (ch) catch → catches
 /f/ (f, gh, ph) cough → coughs
- /dʒ/ (ge) language → languages
 /θ/ (th) month /θ/ → months

Ms. Dung 3
I. BÀI TẬP: Chọn từ mà phần gạch chân có cách phát âm khác với những từ còn lại:
1. A. proofs B. books C. points D. days
2. A. helps B. laughs C. cooks D. finds
3. A. neighbors B. friends C. relatives D. photographs
4. A. snacks B. follows C. titles D. writers
5. A. streets B. phones C. books D. makes
6. A. cities B. satellites C. series D. workers
7. A. develops B. takes C. laughs D. volumes
8. A. phones B. streets C. books D. makes
9. A. 9.A.proofs B. regions C. lifts D. rocks
10. A. involves B. believes C. suggests D. steals
11. A. remembers B. cooks C. walls D. pyramids
12. A. miles B. words C. accidents D. names
13. A. sports B. plays C. chores D. minds
14. A. nations B. speakers C. languages D. minds
15. A. proofs B. looks C. lends D. stops
16. A. dates B. bags C. photographs D. speaks
17. A. parents B. brothers C. weekends D. feelings
18. A. chores B. dishes C. houses D. coaches
19. A. works B. shops C. shifts D. plays
20. A. coughs B. sings C. stops D. sleeps
21. A. signs B. profits C. becomes D. survives
22. A. walks B. steps C. shuts D. plays
23. A. wishes B. practices C. introduces D. leaves
24. A. grasses B. stretches C. comprises D. potatoes
25. A. desks B. maps C. plants D. chairs
26. A. pens B. books C. phones D. tables
27. A. dips B. deserts C. books D. camels
28. A. miles B. attends C. drifts D. glows
29. A. mends B. develops C. values D. equals
30. A. repeats B. classmates C. amuses D. attacks

Ms. Dung 4
Exercise 1
1.A.cat B.hat C.that D.hate
2.A.at B.hate C.ate D.late
3.A.feel B.ill C.we D.see
4.A.may B.face C.fat D.cake
5.A.thank B.that C.their D.the
6 A.love B.home C.come D.some
7.A.luck B.put C.love D.cup
8.A.spend B.pen C.she D.men
9.A.pens B.books C.chairs D.toys
10.A.like B.lively C.live D.life
11.A.friend B.mean C.ten D.men
12.A.feed B.clean C.empty D.sweep
13.A.tank B.can C.have D.start
14.A.floor B.door C.more D.too
15.A.able B.table C.may D.rack
16.A.above B.no C.so D.oh
17.A.stay B.dad C.tale D.great
18.A.soon B.door C.floor D.poor
19.A.brother B.money C.love D.lose
20.A.tell B.sale C.hell D.best
21.A.tour B.proud C.pronounce D.sound
22.A.home B.come C.tongue D.one
23.A.here B.learn C.her D.verse
24.A.need B.eat C.it D.meat
25.A.after B.late C.half D.hard
26.A.blind B.mint C.hire D.light
27.A.take B.part C.date D.favour
28.A.form B.born C.sailor D.ignore
29.A.busy B.much C.but D.some
30.A.live B.nice C.write D.alive
31.A.hold B.know C.told D.shop
32.A.park B.are C.ant D.art
33.A.club B.cup C.pub D.tube
34.A.owner B.soccer C.photo D.motor
35.A.fresh B.view C.friend D.went
36.A.nothing B.country C.province D.once
37.A.bear B.there C.pear D.hear
38.A.door B.floor C.more D.dog
39.A.books B.cats C.pens D.cups
40.A.learned B.played C.cooked D.ruled
41.A.bear B.near C.here D.hear
42.A.worked B.cleaned C.helped D.asked
43.A.aunt B.are C.harm D.late
44.A.beef B.beat C.hit D.heat
45.A.thing B.there C.their D.this
46.A.may B.bat C.fat D.cat
47.A.lucky B.other C.through D.jungle
48.A.good B.food C.took D.foot
49.A.mind B.window C.find D.tidy
50.A.grow B.open C.officer D.moment
51.A.vacation B.restaurant C.lake D.information
52.A.small B.law C.tall D.plane
53.A.float B.noun C.about D.out
54.A.arrive B.abroad C.around D.armchair
55.A.snowy B.cold C.prison D.chicago
56.A.great B.hate C.heat D.afraid
57.A.held B.flew C.mend D.tent
58.A.quiet B.industry C.relative D.participant
59.A.nothing B.clothes C.hold D.told
60.A.bear B.ear C.near D.hear
61.A.lot B.floor C.box D.dog
Ms. Dung 5
II. TRỌNG ÂM
3. Một số quy tắc đánh dấu trọng âm của từ.
3.1. Nhấn vào âm tiết thứ 2 kể từ cuối
Những từ có hậu tố: -ic, -ial, -ian, -ion, -tion, -i/eous, a/ence, a/icy ... thì trọng âm rơi vào âm tiết ngay trước
VD: doméstic, , commércial, esséntial, electrícian, relígion, compánion, recognítion, indústrious
3.2. Nhấn vào âm tiết thứ 3 kể từ cuối
Những từ có hậu tố -cy, -ty, -phy, -gy, -ous, -ize, -fy, tude, -ate thì trọng âm đều rơi vào âm tiết thứ 3 kể từ sau
tới:
VD: geólogy, demócracy, humánity, solidárity, varíety, biógraphy, advénturous, , dángerous, apólogize,
3.3. Nhấn vào ngay hậu tố
Những từ có các hậu tố sau đây, trọng âm rơi vào ngay hậu tố ấy (hậu tố nhận trọng âm):
-ade VD: cha’rade; de’grade;
-ee VD: refe’ree; guaran’tee; employ’ee. (Ngoại lệ: co’mmittee)
-ese VD: Chi’nese ; Vietna’mese
-eer VD: ca’reer; engi’neer;
-oo VD: kanga’roo; sham’poo;
-oon VD: after’noon; car’toon;
-ette VD: servi’ette; kitche’nette. (ngoại lệ: ‘etiquette)
-esque VD: humou’resque ; pictu’resque
3.4. Từ có 2 âm tiết
a) Danh từ và tính từ: thường sẽ nhấn âm MỘT
VD: ’product, ’pretty, ’handsome, ’lazy, ’hollow
- Nhưng nếu âm tiết thứ hai là một âm tiết mạnh (có chứa một nguyên âm dài, nguyên âm đôi, hoặc một nguyên
âm với một hay nhiều phụ âm) thì nhấn âm 2
VD: ma’chine, a’lone
b) Động từ thường sẽ nhấn âm HAI
VD: be’lieve, a’rrive, a’ttract
- Nếu âm tiết thứ hai có chứa một nguyên âm ngắn thì trọng âm thường nằm ở âm tiết thứ nhất:
VD: ’enter, ’envy,
3.5. Từ có 3 âm tiết trở lên
- Từ ba âm tiết thường có trọng âm ở âm tiết thứ nhất: nếu không có những hậu tố đặc biệt được nêu ở các quy tắc
3.1, 3.2, 3.3:
VD: ’cinema, ’calendar, ’literature, ’necessary
3.6 Trọng âm trong từ ghép
- Danh từ ghép, trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất
VD: gréenhouse, clássroom, cárpark
- Tính từ ghép, trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai
VD: oldfáshioned, goodlóoking, badtémpered
- Động từ ghép, trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ hai
VD: be’come, under’stand.
3.8 Nhấn vào từ gốc
Trọng âm phần lớn rơi vào từ gốc (root) không rơi vào tiền tố (prefixes): un-, be-, im-, in-, re-, ... hay hậu tố
(suffixes): -able, -er, -al, -en, -ful, -less, -ing, -ish, -ment, -ous,...
VD:, unháppy, upstáirs, besíde, overwéight, rewríte, foretéll, réason → unréasonable, pórtable, spéaker,
impróve/impróvement, hármful, bróaden, dánger/dángerous
Ngoại lệ: úpbringing, úpward, fórehead, fóreword
Lưu ý chung: Còn rất nhiều từ ngoại lệ (không thuộc 8 quy tắc nêu trên)
Bài tập: Chọn từ có trọng âm chính nhấn vào âm tiết có vị trí khác với những từ còn lại
1.
A. adorable B. ability C. impossible D. entertainment
2. A. engineer B. corporate C. difficult D. different
3. A. popular B. position C. horrible D. positive
4. A. selfish B. correct C. purpose D. surface
5. A. permission B. computer C. million D. perfection
6. A. scholarship B. negative C. develop D. purposeful
7. A. ability B. acceptable C. education D. hilarious
8. A. document B. comedian C. perspective D. location
9. A. provide B. product C. promote D. profess
10. A. different B. regular C. achieving D. property
11. A. education B. community C. development D. unbreakable
12. A. politics B. deposit C. conception D. occasion

Ms. Dung 6
13. A. prepare B. repeat C. purpose D. police
14. A. preface B. famous C. forget D. childish
15. A. cartoon B. western C. teacher D. theater
16. A. Brazil B. Iraq C. Norway D. Japan
17. A. scientific B. ability C. experience D. material
18. A. complain B. luggage C. improve D. forgive
19. A. offensive B. delicious C. dangerous D. religious
20. A. develop B. adjective C. generous D. popular
21. A. beautiful B. important C. delicious D. exciting
22. A. element B. regular C. believing D. policy
23. A. punctual B. tolerant C. utterance D. occurrence
24. A. expensive B. sensitive C. negative D. sociable
25. A. education B. development C. economic D. preparation
26. A. attend B. option C. percent D. become
27. A. literature B. entertainment C. recreation D. information
28. A. attractive B. perception C. cultural D. expensive
29. A. chocolate B. structural C. important D. national
30. A. cinema B. position C. family D. popular
31. A. natural B. department C. exception D. attentive
32. A. economy B. diplomacy C. informative D. information
33. A. arrest B. purchase C. accept D. forget
34. A. expertise B. cinema C. recipe D. similar
35. A. government B. musician C. disgusting D. exhausting
36. A. successful B. interest C. arrangement D. disaster
37. A. competition B. repetition C. equivalent D. disappointment
38. A. private B. provide C. arrange D. advise
39. A. academic B. education C. impossible D. optimistic
40. A. study B. knowledge C. precise D. message
41. A. industry B. performance C. importance D. provision
42. A. contain B. express C. carbon D. obey
43. A. impress B. favor C. occur D. police
44. A. regret B. selfish C. purpose D. preface
45. A. govern B. cover C. perform D. father
46. A. writer B. teacher C. builder D. career
47. A. morning B. college C. arrive D. famous
48. A. ambitious B. chocolate C. position D. occurrence
49. A. furniture B. abandon C. practical D. scientist
50. A. devote B. compose C. purchase D. advise

1. a. generous b. suspicious c. constancy d. sympathy

2. a. acquaintance b. unselfish c. attraction d. humorous

3. a. loyalty b. success c. incapable d. sincere

4. a. carefully b. correctly c. seriously d. personally

5. a. excited b. interested c. confident d. memorable

6. a. organise b. decorate c. divorce d. promise

7. a. refreshment b. horrible c. exciting d. intention

8. a. knowledge b. maximum c. athletics d. marathon

9. a. difficult b. relevant c. volunteer d. interesting

10. a. confidence b. supportive c. solution d. obedient

Ms. Dung 7
11. a. whenever b. mischievous c. hospital d. separate

12. a. introduce b. delegate c. marvelous d. currency

13. a. develop b. conduction c. partnership d. majority

14. a. counterpart b. measurement c. romantic d. attractive

15. a. government b. technical c. parallel d. understand

16. a. Pyramid b. Egyptian c. belongs d. century

17. a. construction b. suggestion c. accurate d. hi-jacket

18. a. dedicate b. impressive c. reminder d. descendant

19. a. remember b. company c. technical d. interview

20. a. electric b. computer c. fascinate d. fantastic

21. a. domestic b. investment c. substantial d. undergo

22. a. confident b. influence c. computer d. remember

23. a. optimist b. powerful c. terrorist d. contrary

24. a. government b. destruction c. contribute d. depression

25. a. institute b. consumption c. specific d. encounter

26. a. tableland b. apparent c. atmosphere d. applicant

27. a. vulnerable b. satelite c. eleven d. element

28. a. arrival b. technical c. proposal d. approval

29. a. empire b. Employer c. conductor d. transistor

30. a. celebrate b. fascinating c. survive d. elephant

31. a. habitat b. generate c. canoe d. penalty

32. a. expression b. decisive c. dependent d. independence

33. a. decision b. reference c. refusal d. important

34. a. cooperate b. permanent c. recognise d. industry

35. a. attractive b. sociable c. dynamic d. conservative

36. a. entertain b. enjoyable c. anniversary d. introduce

37. a. approval b. attractive c. sacrifice d. romantic

Ms. Dung 8
38. a. conical b. ancestor c. ceremony d. traditional

39. a. romantic b. following c. summary d. physical

40. a. maintenance b. appearance c. develop d. different

41. a. contractual b. significant c. Asia d. demanding

42. a. appearance b. measurement c. counterpart d. cultural

43. a. majority b. minority c. partnership d. enjoyable

44. a. marvelous b. argument c. apoplectic d. maximum

45. a. departure b. separate c. necessary d. wrongdoing

46. a. attention b. appropriate c. terrible d. non-verbal

47. according b. informality c. expensive d. acceptable

48. a. assistance b. consider c. politely d. compliment

49. a. mischievous b. family c. supportive d. suitable

50. a. memory b. typical c. reward d. marketing

51. a. stimulate b. generate c. secure d. estimate

52. a. politics b. historic c. electric d. specific

53. a. reference b. accident c. coincide d. formulate

54. a. deposit b. dramatist c. register d. community

55. a. earthquake b. transaction c. applicant d. patriot

56. a. degree b. virtually c. assembly d. synthetic

57. a. coincide b. community c. conception d. committee

58. a. envelop b. astronaut c. tuberculosis d. poverty

59. a. altitude b. recover c. comedy d. library

60. a. demonstrate b. clarify c. successful d. comfortable

61. a. accountant b. discover c. messenger d. unlucky

62. a. marathon b. advertise c. industry d. conclusion

63. a. subsequent b. undergo c. government d. enterprise

64. a. chaotic b. proposal c. occupy d. production

Ms. Dung 9
65. a. piano b. policeman c. museum d. souvenir

66. a. guarantee b. recommend c. represent d. illustrate

67. a. agency b. memory c. encounter d. influence

68. a. well-being b. reality c. Internet d. demanding

69. a. encourage b. determine c. emphasize d. maintenance

70. a. understand b. grandparents c. family d. wonderful

71. a. essential b. furniture c. opposite d. fortunate

72. a. crocodile b. corridor c. enormous d. northerly

73. a. habitat b. pollution c. construction d. extinction

74. classify b. biologist c. benefit d. serious

75. a. endangered b. survival c. commercial d. industry

76. a. mosquito b. animal c. crocodile d. buffalo

77. a. unnoticed b. reunited c. incredible d. survival

78. a. imagine b. opinion c. incredible d. wilderness

79. a. recommend b. thoroughly c. travelling d. fascinate

80. a. character b. publisher c. wonderful d. understand

81. a. dependable b. reliable c. remarkable d. knowledgeable

82. a. detective b. romantic c. history d. adventure

83. a. biography b. historic c. discover d. authorship

84. a. imaginary b. scientific c. advantage d. reviewer

85. a. regulator b. personal c. referee d. dangerous

86. a. procedure b. indicate c. forefinger d. enemy

87. a. opponent b. penalize c. overtime d. synchronized

88. a. windsurfing b. equipment c. amatuer d. national

89. a. position b. fingertip c. athletic d. requirement

90. a. interesting b. surprising c. amusing d. successful

91. a. understand b. engineer c. benefit d. Vietnamese

Ms. Dung 10
 92. a. applicant b. uniform c. yesterday d. employment

93. a. dangerous b. parachute c. popular d. magazine

94. a. comfortable b. employment c. important d. surprising

95. a. elegant b. regional c. musical d. important

96. a. difference b. suburban c. Internet d. character

97. a. beautiful b. effective c. favourite d. popular

98. a. attraction b. government c. borrowing d. visitor

99. difficult b. individual c. population d. unemployment

100. a. Capital b. tradition c. different d. Opera.

2. THÌ
A.LÝ THUYẾT

Ms. Dung 11
 I. Simple Present: (Hiện tại đơn) II. Simple Past: (quá khứ đơn)
1. (BE) am/is/are 1. (BE) was/were
(+): S + am/is/are (+): S + was/were
(-): S + am/is/are + not (-): S + was/were + not
(?): am/is/are + S ? (?): was/were + S ?

+ I  am + I  was
He, she, it, N ít  is He, she, it, N ít  was
They, we, you, N n  are They, we, you, N n  were

2. (V): 2. (V):
(+) : S + Vo / V-s/-es(o,x,ch,sh,z,s) (+) : S + V2/ V-ed
(-): S+ Do/does+ not + Vo (-): S+ did+ not + Vo
(?): Do/does+ S+ Vo (?): did+ S+ Vo

+ She, he, it, N ít  Vs/es, does

I, they, we, you , N n Vo, do
Dấu hiệu: -Yesterday (hoâm qua)
- every (day/ week / month/ year), always -last week / month / year (tuaàn / thaùng / naêm
(luoân luoân), usually ( thöôøng xuyeân), often tröôùc)
(thöôøng), normally (thoâng thöôøng) -Two weeks ago (2 tuaàn caùch nay)
- sometimes = occasionally = at times (thænh -In 1995/… (naêm 1995)
thoaûng)
- seldom (ít khi), rarely (hieám khi), never
(khoâng bao giôø).
- all the time (luoân luoân) = at all times

- diÔn t¶ mét thãi quen, mét hµnh ®éng x¶y ra th- -- Haønh ñoäâng xaûy ra kết thúc ôû thôøi gian
êng xuyªn lÆp di lÆp l¹i ë hiÖn t¹i. roõ raøng trong quaù khöù.
VD: I watch T.V every night. - Thoùi quen trong quaù khöù.
- mét ch©n lý, mét sù thËt hiÓn nhiªn.
VD: The sun rises in the East / Tom comes from
America.
-thêi khãa biÓu (timetables), ch¬ng tr×nh
(programmes).........
VD: The train leaves the station at 8.15 a.m.

III.Hiện tại tiếp diễn IV.Qúa khứ tiếp diễn

(+): S+ am/is/are + V- ing (+): S+ was/were + V- ing
(-): S+ am/is/are+ not + V- ing (-): S+ was/were+ not + V- ing
(?) am/is/are + S + V- ing ? (?): was/were+ S + V- ing?

- Haønh ñoäng đang dieãn ra tại 1 thời điểm xác - Hµnh ®éng ®ang x¶y ra t¹i mét thêi ®iÓm xác định
định ôû hieän taïi trong qu¸ khø.
- Döï ñònh trong töông lai. - Hµnh ®éng ®ang x¶y ra (ë qu¸ khø) th× cã mét
hµnh ®éng kh¸c xen vµo (when/while)
- Hai hµnh ®éng x¶y ra song song cïng mét lóc ë qu¸
khø. (while)

Ms. Dung 12
 Dấu hiệu: - now ( baây giôø)
- right now (ngay baây giôø)
- at present (hieän taïi)
- at the moment (ngay luùc naøy)
- this week / month / year (tuaàn / thaùng / naêm
naøy)
- these days ( nhöõng ngaøy naøy)
Ghi chú: Kh«ng dïng th× TD víi c¸c ®éng tõ chØ nhËn thøc, tri gi¸c nh: to be, see, hear, understand, know,
like, want, glance, feel, think, smell, love, hate, realize, seem, remember, forget, belong to, believe ..... (Víi c¸c
®éng tõ nµy ta thay b»ng th× HT§).
VD: She wants to go for a walk at the moment. (NOT: She is wanting to go for a walk at the moment.
V. Hiện tại hoàn thành
(+) S+ have/has +V3/ED/ed
(-) S+ have/has +not+ V3/ED/ed
(?) have/has +S+ V3/ED/ed ?
+ She, he, it, N ít  has
I , They, we , you, N n have
- already (đã rồi)
- before (trước đây-đứng cuối câu)
- ever (đã từng)
- for (khỏang chừng)
- just (vừa mới)
- lately (gần đây)
- never (chưa bao giờ)
- (not) yet (chưa)
- recently (gần đây)
- since (kể từ khi)
- so far (cho đến bây giờ)
- until now (cho đến bây giờ)
- up to now (cho đến bây giờ)
- up to the present (cho đến bây giờ)
- hµnh ®éng b¾t ®Çu tõ qu¸ khø, cßn kÐo dµi ®Õn
hiÖn t¹i vµ cã kh¶ n¨ng tiÕp tôc ë t¬ng lai.
VD: I have studied English for five years.
- xaû ra trong qu¸ khø mµ kh«ng biÕt râ thêi gian.
VD: I have gone to Hanoi.
- hµnh ®éng ®îc lÆp ®i lÆp l¹i nhiÒu lÇn ë qu¸ khø.
VD: We have seen Titanic three times.
- tõ so s¸nh ë cÊp cao nhÊt. (trong lêi b×nh phÈm)
VD: It’s the most boring film I’ve ever seen.
- dïng víi This is the first/ second time,
VD: This is the first time I’ve lost my way.
- Th× HTHT dïng víi This morning/ This evening/
TodayThis term...... khi nh÷ng thêi gian nµy vÉn cßn
trong lóc nãi.
VD: I haven’t seen Joana this morning. Have you
seen her
VII. Quá khứ hoàn thành
Ms. Dung
- at ……… yesterday/last (vaøo luùc ….. hoâm qua)
- this time last year (giôø naøy naêm tröôùc)
- Lieân töø ñi vôùi thì QKTD: when / while
When I saw her yesterday, she was having breakfast.
They were watching TV while their mother was
cooking in the kitchen.
VI. Hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
(+) S+ have/has + been+ Ving
(-) S+ have/has +not+ been+ Ving
(?) have/has +S+ been+ Ving ?
- All day/week,
- since,
- for,
- for a long time,
- recently,
- lately,
- up until now,
- so far (cho đến bây giờ)
- until now (cho đến bây giờ)
- up to now (cho đến bây giờ)
- up to the present (cho đến bây giờ)
- nhấn mạnh khoảng thời gian của một hành động đã
xảy ra trong quá khứ và tiếp tục tới hiện tại (có thể tới
tương lai).
Vd: I have been studying English for 3 years. (Tôi đã
học tiếng Anh được 3 năm.)
- liên tục của hành động.
Vd: Have you been standing in the rain for more than
two hours? (Bạn đứng dưới mưa hơn 2 tiếng đồng hồ rồi
đúng không?)
 - Diễn tả hành động vừa kết thúc, mục đích nêu kết quả
của hành động.
Ex: I am tired of because I have been working all
night. (Tôi mệt mỏi vì tôi đã làm việc cả đêm.)
VIII. Quá khứ hoàn thành tiếp diễn
13
 (+) S+ had +V3/ED/ed (+) S+ had +been+ Ving
(-) S+ had +not+ V3/ED/ed (-) S+ had +not+ been+ Ving
(?) had +S+ V3/ED/ed ? (?) had +S+ been+ Ving?

- 1 haønh ñoâng chaám döùt tröôùc 1 haønh ñoäng/1
thời điểm khaùc trong quaù khöù.
- before/prior to that time/by + 1 mốc thời gian ở quá
khứ
- up to then (cho đến thời điểm đó)
- QKHT + before/by the time/when + QKÑ
- QKÑ + after + QKHT
- QKÑ + as soon as/until + QKÑ/ QKHT
- một hành động xảy ra liên tục trước một hành động
khác/1 thời điểm khác trong quá khứ.
 They had been working for four hours when she
telephoned
My husband and I had been quarreling for an hour
until 6 pm

VD: He got a job after he had finished high

school.

IX. Tương lai đơn X. Tương lai gần

(+): S+ Will+ Vo (+): S+ am/is/are going to + Vo
(-): S+ Will+ not + Vo (will not= won’t) (-): S+ am/is/are+ not+ going to Vo
(?): Will+ S+ Vo (?): am/is/are + S+ going to + Vo

- dùng để diễn tả một hành động sẽ không có dự định - cã dù ®Þnh tríc

trước.vd: Wow! I will go there. Vd: They are going to repaint the school .
-suy đoán chủ quan, vô căn cứ. I think she will win. - DiÔn t¶ sù tiªn ®o¸n, sù kiÖn ch¾c ch¾n x¶y ra ë t¬ng
- tomorrow (ngaøy mai) lai v× cã dÊu hiÖu hay chøng cø ë hiÖn t¹i .
- next week / month / year (tuaàn / thaùng / naêm Vd: Look at those clouds. It’s going to rain.
tôùi)
Caùc lieân töø ñi vôùi thì töông lai:
- TLÑ as soon as HTÑ / HTHT
- TLÑ until HTÑ / HTHT

XI. Tương lai tiếp diễn
(+): S+ will+be + V- ing
(-): S+ will+ not+be + V- ing
(?): Will + S +be + V- ing?
- at ……… tomorrow (vaøo
luùc ….. ngày mai)
- this time next year (giôø naøy
naêm sau)
- TLTD + when+ HTD
XII. Tương lai hoàn thành
(+) S+ will + have + V3/ED/ed
(-) S+ will not+ have + V3/ED/ed
(?) will+ S + have + V3/ED/ed
- By/ before (+ mốc thời gian ở
tương lai)
- By the end of +
- TLHT + by the time /
before/when + HTÑ
XIII. Tương lai hoàn thành tiếp diễn
(+) S+ will + have+been + Ving
(-) S+ will not+ have+been +
Ving
(?) will+ S + have+been + Ving?
- giống TLHT
+ by then (tính đến lúc đó)

- Hµnh ®éng ®ang x¶y ra t¹i
mét thêi ®iÓm x¸c ®Þnh trong
tương lai.
-- Hµnh ®éng ®ang x¶y ra
trong tương lai th× cã mét hµnh
®éng kh¸c xen vµo (when)
when you come tomorrow , she
will be having breakfast.
- 1 hành động sẽ hoàn thành trươc 1
hành động khác hoặc trước 1 thời hạn
trong tương lai.
Ví dụ: We will have paid the loan by
July.
My mother will have cooked dinner by
the time we come back.
Diễn tả một hành động đã xảy ra và tiếp
diễn được bao lâu tính đến thời điểm
xác định trong tương lai
Ví dụ: By the end of this year I will
have been learning French for 5 Years.
nhấn mạnh tính liên tục của hành
động so với một hành động khác
hoặc thời điểm trong tương lai.
You will only have been waiting for 5
minutes when the bus arrives

III. MOÄT SOÁ CAÙCH XAÙC ÑÒNH THÌ TRONG CAÂU GHEÙP
- When + qkd, Qkd when I was young, I dreamed of being a doctor.
Qktd : We were having supper when the phone rang.
Qkht She had left when we came
Ms. Dung 14
 - While + qktd, qktd My father was reading newspaper while I was listening to music
Qkd while We were having supper, the phone rang.

- QKÑ + as soon as/until + QKÑ/ QKHT

- QKHT+ before/by the time/when+ QKD
- S +Tuong lai…/ hien tai don + when /until / as soon as / before/by the time... + HTĐ / HTHT
- NO sooner+ had+ S+ V3/ED/3d + than+S+V2/ed = Hardly+ had+ S+ V3/ED/3d + when +S+V2/ed
III. SEQUENCE OF TENSES: (Sù phèi hîp vÒ th× )
1. Trong c©u cã hai mÖnh ®Ò trë lªn, c¸c ®éng tõ ph¶i cã sù phèi hîp vÒ th×.

Hiện tại…
1.hiên tại đơn Quá khứ đơn
Tương lai đơn
- quá khứ...
2. Simple past
Hiên tại đơn

B. BAØI TAÄP
1. So far, many beautiful hotels................................in HCM city
A. were built B. has been built C. are built D. have been built
2. Don't make noise. My mother ________________with her friends.
A. talked B. talks C. is talking D. was talking
3. We …… Dorothy since last Saturday.
A. don’t see B. haven’t seen C. didn’t see D. hadn’t seen
4. My sister …… for you since yesterday.
A. is looking B. was looking C. has been looking D. looked
5. Hurry up, Jane ! We all …… for you
A. wait B. are waiting C. waiting D. are waited
6. Mary..............................me an hour ago.
A. phoned B. has phoned C. phones D. was phoning
7. Up to now, I..............................a lot of information about her.
A. would learn B. learnt C. have learnt D. will learn
8.My brother _______ in the army from 1990 to 1995.
A. served B. has served C. had served D. is serving
9. Peter _____________ at the moment, so he can't answer the phone.
A. has worked B. is working C. worked D. works
10. I saw John yesterday morning while I.............................home from work.
A. walked B. am walking C. was walking D. had been walking
11. Up to now, Linda...............for 5 years.
A. is working B> has worked C. has been working D. have worked
12. The King just ____________ here yesterday.
A. had come B. comes C. has come D. came
13. She has worked as a secretary...........................she graduated fro college.
A. until B. while C. before D. since
14. Mary ____________ an hour ago.
A. phoned B. has phoned C. phones D. was phoning
15. My handbag was stolen...........................we were playing tennis.
A. after B. before C. during D. while
16. The baby_____. Don't make so much noise.
A. sleep B. is sleeping C. slept D. sleeps
17. She ______ the piano since she ______ ten years old.
A. played / was B. has played / has beenC. has played / was D. had played / was
18. I _______this film twice.
A. see B. saw C. will see D. have seen
19. –Peter, please help me do the washing up. – Sorry, Mum. I ______ TV.
A. watch B. am watching C. had watched D. watched
1. He ............... to New York three times this year.
A. was B. had been C. is D. has been
2. My parents first _____ each other at the Olympic Games in 1982.
A. meet B. have met C. met D. had meet
3. When I came to visit her last night, she _____ a bath.
Ms. Dung 15
 A. is having B. was having C. had D. has
4. Wait here until He____________back.
A. came B. will come C. am coming D. come
5. The second World War _________________in 1939.
A. started B. starts C. has started D. start
6. Mary ______ dinner when her friend ______ at 6.30 yesterday.
A. is having / calls B. was having / called C. had / called D. had / calling
7. Who ______ when I came? - Mrs. Brown.
A. you were talking to B. were you talking to C. are you talking to D. you are talking to
8. He ______ ill for a long time before he ______ in 1990.
A. had been / died B. has been / died C. is / dies D. was / had died
9. At this time of last year, Tom..................for Mr. Brown.
A. worked B> had worked C. was working D. works
10. We ______ as soon as you have finished your work.
A. will go B. go C. went D. have gone
11. While I ____________TV last night, a mouse ran across the room.
A. was watching B. am watching C. watched D. watch
12. I ______ the book by the time you come tonight.
A. will be finishing B. have finished C. will have finished D. finished
13. Television ___________ very popular since 1950s.
A. has been B. was C. had been D. is
14. I ______ TV while my father ______ a newspaper last night.
A. am watching / was reading B. was watching / was reading
C. am watching / is reading D. was watching / is reading
15. He...............................for 25 years before he retired last year.
A. has taught B. had been teaching C. has been teaching D. was teaching
16. Don't go anywhere until I ______ back.
A. came B. have come C. come D. will come
17. She didn't tell me the reason why she ______ to school the day before.
A. didn't come B. hadn't come C. wouldn't come D. doesn't come
18. The house caught fire while they ____________.
A. are sleeping B. have slept C. were sleeping D. sleep
19. There ______________ no rule about the movement of traffic before the Pope came to visit Paris.
A. has been B. was C. had been D. is
20. Please send me a postcard as soon as you .......................... in London.
A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. have arrived D. arrive
21. While I ________________ along the road, I saw a friend of mine.
A. cycled B. was cycling C. had cycled D. were cycling
22. It is the largest ship I______________
A. had seen B. saw C. have ever seen D. see
23. I ________________ ghost in my life.
A. has never seen B. never see C. had never seen D. have never seen
24. Don’t come..........................I have finished lunch.
A. after B. as soon as C. since D. until
25. The light went out while I _______________dinner.
A. has B. was having C. am having D. had
26. This is the house that Jack ______ three years ago.
A. was building B. builds C. had built D. built
27. He ___________ the effects of radiation when he suddenly died
A. was studying B. studied C. had been studying D. has studied
28. The train ______ when I ______ at the station.
A. already left / had arrived B. already had left / arrived
C. left already / had arrived D. had already left / arrived
29. Everyone was asleep when the enemy _____________
A. had attacked B. attacked C. was attacking D. attacking
30. Ann ............................for me when I arrived
A. was waiting B. waited C. had waited C. has been waiting
31. I...................2 days ago.
A. wasn’t meet B. didn’t meet C. was meeting D. didn’t met
32. Up to now, I _________________ a lot of information about her.
A. learnt B. would learn C. learn D. have learnt

Ms. Dung 16
33. Mary ___________ in London for 15 years.
A. lives B. was living C. is living D. has lived
34. We were disappointed that most guests ___________ when we arrived at the party.
A. had left B. has left C. left D. leave
35. He never goes home before he ______ his work.
A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. finishing
36. Before cars ______, people ______ horses and bicycles.
A. were discovered / had used B. has been discovered / have been using
C. is discovered / using D. discovering / used
37. I ______ my writing by 3 o'clock this afternoon.
A. will finish B. finish C. will have finished D. finished
38. How ______ since we ______ school?
A. will you / left B. are you / left C. have you been / had left D. have you been / left
39. When I last ___________ Jane, she ____________ to find a job.
A. have seen/ tried B. saw/ tried C. see/ is trying D. saw/ was trying
40. Next week when there ______ a full moon, the ocean tides will be higher.
A. is B. will be C. is being D. will have been
41. I sat near a window whenever I ______ a bus.
A. have taken B. had took C. took D. take
42. When I last saw him, he _________in London.
A. is living B. was living C. has lived D. has been living
43. We ________________Mary since last Saturday.
A. don't see B. hadn't seen C. didn't see D. haven't seen
44. The train __________________haft an hour ago.
A. has left B. had left C. left D. has been leaving
45. By Christmas, I ________________for Mr. Smith for six years.
A. shall have been working B. shall be working C. shall work D. have been working
46. I'll come and see you before I ____________for HCM City.
A. will leave B. shall leave C. have left D. leave
47. Jack ___________ the door.
A. has just opened B. opening C. open D. will have opened
48. By the age of 25, he ________________two famous novels.
A. had written B. has written C. writes D. wrote
49. After I ____________lunch, I looked for my bag.
A. have had B. had had C. had D. was having
50. The man got out of the car, ______round to the back and opened the door.
A. walk B. walking C. walks D. walked
51. Before you asked, the letter ________________.
A. has been written B. was written C. had been written D. had written
52. I ______________in Hanoi before I moved to HCM City.
A. had been living B. had lived C. have lived D. have been living
53. She __________the painting when I came.
A. painted B. has been painting C. was painting D. has painted
54. When I was a boy, I _____________tea to coffee.
A. preferred B. was preferring C. have preferred D. prefer
55. I _____________swim in this river when I was young.
A. was used to B. am used to C. used to D. use to
56. She came into the room while they ______________television.
A. are watching B. were watching C. watched D. have watched
57. It's an hour since he ____________, so he must be at the office now.
A. is leaving B. was leaving C. has left D. left
58. He __________up his mind yet.
A. hasn't made B. didn't make C. wasn't making D. wasn't make
59. My teacher arrived after I __________________for him for ten minutes.
A. was waiting B. had waited C. waited D. have waited
60. By the end of next year, George ___________English for two years.
A. will learn B. will have learned C. would learn D. has learned
61. The children are still ill but they __________better now.
A. getting B. get C. are getting D. are got
62. Tom and Mary _________for Vietnam tomorrow.
A. have left B. leaving C. leave D. are leaving

Ms. Dung 17
63. I _______this film twice.
A. have seen B. will see C. saw D. see
64. -Peter, please help me do the washing up. - Sorry, Mum. I ______ TV.
A. had watched B. am watching C. watched D. watch
65. The farmers _____ in the field now.
A. are working B. were working C. worked D. have worked
66. The war _____ out three years ago.
A. broke B. was breaking C. has broken D. had broken
67. He ______ a cup of coffee every morning.
A. drinks B. has drunk C. drank D. is drinking
68. She ______ a lot of new books as soon as she comes to Hanoi.
A. has just bought B. had just bought C. bought D. buys
69. Up to the present, Nam_____ good work in his class.
A. did B. has done C. does D. had done
70. At present, that author ______ a historical novel.
A. is writing B. had written C. has written D. was writing
71. By the end of next month, I _____ my first novel.
A. am going to finish B. will have finished C. finish D. will finish
72. Phong ______ at the university so far.
A. has worked B. worked C. had worked D. was working
73. How long _____ able to drive? => Since 1990.
A. were you B. could you C. have you been D. are you
74. They ______ since eight o'clock.
A. are talking B. have been talking C. talk D. talked
75. My brother _______ in the army from 1990 to 1995.
A. has served B. had served C. is serving D. served
76. As soon as you........................your homework, you will be allowed to go out.
A. are doing B. had done C. did D. have done
77. I _____ the money from him yet.
A. will receive B. don't receive C. am receiving D. haven't received
78. This is the most interesting book _____ .
A. I've ever read B. I had read C. I've never read D. I've read
79. I ____ him ten days ago.
A. will see B. have seen C. saw D. see
80. It ______ a long time since I last saw him.
A. was B. is C. will be D. had been
81. Mr. John_______ to Los Angeles in 1992.
A. was going B. had gone C. went D. has gone
82. What ______ to you yesterday?
A. had happened B. has happened C. did happen D. happened
83. I never go to Australia. I _____ to Australia yet.
A. will go B. went C. haven't been D. have been
84. My mother ______ in this factory since 1990
A. works B. worked C. had worked D. has worked
85. I _____ my hair before breakfast this morning.
A. had washed B. have washed C. was washing D. washed
86. I _____ about him when he suddenly came in.
A. am talking B. talked C. was talking D. talk
87. He will finish this work before you _______ here tomorrow.
A. would leave B. are going to leave C. will leave D. leave
88. He _____ in this office for ten years by next Monday.
A. will be working B. would be working C. will work D. will have been working
89. No sooner _____ the office than the telephone rang.
A. was he leaving B. he was leaving C. had he left D. he had left
90. George______ this movie three times.
A. sees B. had seen C. saw D. has seen
91. Food, air and clothes _______ necessary for life.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
92. He ______ a visit to Halong Bay in 1995.
A. has paid B. had paid C. paid D. pays
93. This morning while I ______ for the bus, the rain stopped.

Ms. Dung 18
 A. had waited B. was waiting C. have waited D. waited
94. What _____ when I called ?
A. were you doing B. did you do C. have you been doing D. had you been doing
95. Up to now, the teacher _______ our class five tests.
A. has given B. had given C. gives D. is giving
96. The students _____ English now.
A. study B. are studying C. have studied D. will study
97. I don't feel good. I _____ work tomorrow.
A. won't be going B. went C. won't go to D. don't go
98. He is tired because he ____ since early morning.
A. had worked B. worked C. has worked D. works
99. We _____ in this house for ten years.
A. have lived B. had lived C. are living D. were living
100. She ____ in the departure lounge for a long time.
A. waits B. is waiting C. was waiting D. has waited
101. I ______ my driving test on Friday last week.
A. had passed B. have passed C. was passing D. passed
102. I ______ a vegetarian since 1998.
A. am B. have been C. had been D. was
103. The motorway ____ in 1986.
A. finished B. has finished C. finishes D. was finished
104. I _____ more carefully in the future.
A. write B. wrote C. would write D. will write
105. She _____ English before she came to England.
A. had studied B. studied C. would study D. studies
106. We usually .............fishing after work.
A. went B. go C. goes D. have gone
107. She'll be a millionaire by the time she _____ forty.
A. was B. will be C. is D. is going to be
108. I........... my bag for 3 days .
A. would lose B. have lost C. will lose D. had lost
109. He said everything _____ all right.
A. can be B. will be C. is D. would be
110. It is raining now. it began raining two hours ago. It ______ for two hours.
A. has rained B. has been raining C. had rained D. is raining
111. He ______ his job last month and since then he ________ out of work.
A. lost/ had been B. had lost/ was C. lost / has been D. has lost/ is
112. At this time tomorrow, my father ____ in London.
A. will be arriving B. has arrived C. is arriving D. would arrive
113. In a few hours, we ______ the test, and we'll go home and rest.
A. are finishing B. have finished C. will have finished D. will be finishing
114. People ____ English and French in Canada.
A. are speaking B. had spoken C. have spoken D. speak
115. The car isn't here today because Dick ______ it.
A. has used B. is using C. used D. uses
116. "When did you come here?" "I ____ here since last Sunday."
A. was B. have been C. am D. had been
117. They won’t come home until they.....................everything.
A. had seen B. saw C. were seeing D. see
118. By the end of next year, I _____ her for 10 years.
A. will know B. have known C. will have known D. will have knowing
118. yesterday, when you came, I _____ to bed for an hour.
A. had gone B. was going C. had been going D. went
119. She _____ when I called her.
A. was leaving B. had left C. had been leaving D. left
120. Before you arrive, she_____ in the paper to the teacher.
A. will hand B. had handed C. will have handed D. hand
121. What _____you_____ at 7 o’clock last night ?
A. did/do B. do/do C. had/done D. were/doing
122. At this time of tomorrow, they_____ their parents.
A. visit B. will be visiting C. have visited D. will have visited

Ms. Dung 19
 123. When you arrive, we_____ TV for 3 hours.
A. will watch B. will have watched C. will be watching D. will have been watching
124. Prior to the time they come back, I_____ the floor.
A. will clean B. will have cleaned C. will be cleaning D. clean
125. While we.........................TV, the light ...............out.
A. was watching/ was going B. were watching/ went C. wacthed/ was going D> watched/ went
126. She.......................her Exercise for an hour when we came.
A. have done B. had done C. had been doing D.did
127. Tom...................at this time next week.
A. travel B. will travel C. will be travelling d. has travel
128. Hoa and Lan ____________ (not/meet) before the exam
A. met B. didn’t meet C. hadn’t met D. haven’t met
130. Marry................. married tomorrow.
A. gets B. is getting C. is going to get D. got
140. While She was crossing the street, she..................her boyfriend going with Mary.
A. sees B. saw C. was getting D. had seen
141. Wait here until I _______________you.
A. call B. will call C. am going to call D. am calling
1. Lan has learnt English since she_________ a small girl.
A. is B. was C. has been D. had been
2. Don’t go anywhere until I_________ back.
A. come B. came C. will come D. am coming
3. Before cars_________, people_________ horses and bicycles.
A. were discovered/ had used B. discovering/ had used
C. had discovered/ used D. discovered/ had used
4. I am going to speak with the boss when the meeting _______.
A. will end B. ends C. is ending D. would end
5. When we_________ him tomorrow, we will remind him of that.
A. will see B. see C. am seeing D. saw.
6. When he comes, I_________ her the news.
A. tell B. will tell C. would tell D. would have told
7. When the police came, they _________.
A. are fighting B. fought C. would be fighting D. were fighting
8. Before she came to England, she _________ English.
A. studied B. will study C. had studied D was studying
9. I have lost touch with him _________ He left for London.
A. as soon as B. after C. before D. since
10. My mother is washing the dishes _________ my father is watching television.
A. when B. while C. as D. since
11. _______, I will give him the report.
A. When he will return B. When he returns
C. Until he will return D. No sooner he returns
12. _______ the firemen arrived to help, we had already put out the fire.
A. Until B. No sooner C. By the time D. After
13. I have earned my own living _______ I was seven.
A. since B. when C. while D. as soon as
14. We saw many beautiful birds _______ in the lake.
A when we are fishing B. while fishing
C. while fished D. fishing
15. _______, Peter came to see me.
A. While having dinner B. While I was having dinner
C. When having dinner D. When lam having dinner
16. _______ my homework, I went to bed.
A. After I had finished B. After finished
C. Finished D. After had finished
17. _______ the dance, Jerry said good-bye to his girlfriend.
A. Before left B. Before he leaves C. Before leaving D. Before he will leave
18. Jones _______ after everyone _______.
A. speaks / will eat B. will speak / has eaten

Ms. Dung 20
 C. is speaking / eats D. has spoken / will have eaten
19. _______, Joe stays in bed and reads magazines.
A. Whenever raining B. As it will be raining C. When it will rain D. Whenever it rains
20. _______ in Rome than he was kidnapped.
A. No sooner he arrived B. Had he no sooner arrived
C. No sooner had he arrived D. No sooner he had arrived
21. _______ Peter gets here, we will congratulate him.
A. As soon as B. After C. No sooner D. Since
22. Mrs. Pike _______ the door before the customers arrived.
A. had opened B. will open C. would open D. has open
23. After Mariana _______ her exam, I _______ her out to eat.
A. was finishing / would take B. finished / had taken
C. will finish / have taken D. has finished / will take
24. Mary will have finished all her work _______.
A. as soon as her boss returned B. until her boss will return
C. by the time her boss returns D. when he-r boss will return
25. She went on crying, with her head sunk into a pillow, and cried and cried _______ the pillow was wet through.
A. before B. after C. until D. while
26. _________ you finish typing that report make five copies of it and give it to aloof the officers.
A. While B. When C. But D. Although
27. When the passenger ________, will you please give him this package?
A. will arrive B. arrives C. would arrives D. arriving
28. They were playing in the garden when_______.
A. they have heard a scream B. they were hearing a scream
C. they heard a scream D. they had heard a scream
29. He cleaned his shoes_______ they shone.
A. when B. after C. while D. until
30. I had no sooner lit the barbecue _______ it started to rain.
A. as B. while C. than D. that
31. When the paint_______, it'll change from a light to a deep red.
A. dry B. dries C. dried D. will dry
32. When_______ older ,I'd love to be an artist.
A. I'm B. I'll be C. was D. have been
33. By the time he retires, he_______ $20,000.
A. will save B. has saved C. had saved D. will have saved
34. When I_______ here for fifteen years, I'll be entitled to a pension.
A. work B. am working C. have worked D. had worked
35. By the time Bill ____ to bed tomorrow, he will have had a full day and will be ready for sleep.
A. had gone B. will go C. goes D. went
36. As soon as I finish my report, I will call you and we ________ out for dinner.
A. went B. will go C. will have gone D. go
37. By the time I return to my country, I _________ away from home for more than three years.
A. would be B. will have been C. will be D. am
38. After he _______ breakfast tomorrow, he will get ready to go to work.
A. will have had B. has C. will be having D. have
39. As soon as he finishes dinner, he _______ the children for a work to a nearby playground.
A. will take B. takes C. will be taking D. took
40. When Bill gets home, his children ___________ in the yard.
A. played B. will play C. will be playing D. play
41. He will work at his desk until he ______ to another meeting in the middle of the afternoon.
A. went B. go C. will go D. goes
42. She ________ lunch by the time we arrived.
A. finished B. has finished C. had finished D. finishing
43. Bob will come soon. When Bob _______, we will see him.
A. come B. will come C. will be coming D. comes

3. REPORTED SPEECH
(CÂU TƯỜNG THUẬT)
A. LÝ THUYẾT
C©u gi¸n tiÕp lµ c©u dïng ®Ó thuËt l¹i néi dung lêi nãi trùc tiÕp.
Ms. Dung 21
 Khi chuyển sang câu tường thuật ta cần thay đổi đại từ, thì của động từ, trạng từ chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn
I. Những thay đổi khi chuyển từ câu trực tiếp sang câu tường thuật
1. lùi thì và các yếu tố thời gian
Đổi thì Đổi các yếu tố chỉ thời gian và nơi chốn
Trực tiếp Gián tiếp Trực tiếp Gián tiếp
V1 (s/es) V2 - yesterday - the previous day/the day before
V2 had + V3/ED - last night - the previous night/the night before
has/ have + V3/ED/ had + V3/ED - ago - before
am/ is/ are ( + V- was / were ( + V-ing) - today - that day
ing) could + V0 - tonight - that night
can+ V0 would + V0 - tomorrow - the following day/the day after/ the next
will + V0 might + V0 - next year day
may + V0 had to - the following year/the year after/the next
must + V0 had to - the day year
have to + V0 had + V3/ED before - 2 days before
had + V3/ED yesterday
- the day
before after - in 2 days’time
- this
- these - that
- here - those
- now - there
- then
2. Thay ®æi vÒ ®¹i tõ ( ngôi thứ nhất theo chủ ngữ, ngôi thứ 2 theo tân ngữ, ngôi thứ 3 giữ nguyên)
- I -> he/ she
- we -> they
- me -> him/her
- us -> them
- my -> his /her
- our -> their
- mine -> his /her
- ours -> theirs
- myself -> himself /herself
- ourselves ->themselves
- you/your -> chuyển theo người nghe
3. Caùc tröôøng hôïp khoâng ñoåi thì:
a) Khi ñoäng töø töôøng thuaät ôû hieän taïi hoaëc töông lai:
VD: My mother says to me, “you are my little pet.”
→ My mother tells me that I am her little pet.
b) Caâu tröc tieáp dieãn ñaït moät chaân lyù hoaëc söï thaät hieån nhieân:
VD: Galileo said, “ The earth goes around the sun.”
→ Galileo said (that) the earth goes around the sun.
c) Thì quaù khöù ñôn ñaõ roõ thôøi gian:
VD: Tom said to me, “ My grandfather died in 1990.”
→ Tom told me that his grandfather died in 1990.
d) Caâu ñieàu kieän loaïi 2, 3 vaø caáu truùc “used to”:
VD: “If I had much money, I would have travel around the world.” Said the boy.
→ The boy said if he had much money he would travel around the world.
II. Các dạng câu tường thuật
1. Statement: Caâu phaùt bieåu (thuoäc daïng caâu khaúng ñònh vaø phuû ñònh)

said (+ to + O)
S1 (THAT) S2 + V (lùi thì)
told + O

VD: He said, “I like football.”

→ He said that he liked football.
“Tom will fly to Paris next week,” said Miss Hoa.
→ Miss Hoa said that Tom would fly to Paris the following week.
2. s: (Daïng caâu hoûi)
S1 + asked + O if / whether S2 + V (lùi thì)
wondered (yes/ no )
Ms. Dung 22
 Wh-word
wanted to know
(wh-)

VD: She said to me, “Will he come?”

→ She asked me if he would come.
“Where do you live?” asked the foreigner.
→ The foreigner asked me where I lived.
3. Commands & Requests: Caâu yeâu caàu (thuoäc daïng meänh leänh hoaëc yeâu caàu)
- Imperative form: (Don’t) V0 + …….
(meänh leänh)
- Request: Would you like …………..?
(yeâu caàu) Could / Can you + V0 ………..?
Why don’t you + V0 ……………?

told
S asked O
( Not) + to + V0
ordered

VD: She said to him, “Come in, please”

→ She told him to come in.
“Don’t make noise, Tom” said the mother.
→ The mother asked Tom not to make noise.
4. Các động từ tường thuật TO-VO
threatened Đe dọa
offered Ngỏ ý
promised Hứa
Wanted (+ O) (not) to- Vo Muốn
agreed Đồng ý
hoped Hy vọng
S refused Từ chối
advised khuyên
allowed Cho phép
invited Mời
reminded O + (not) to-Vo. Nhắc nhở
encouraged Khuyến khích
discouraged Làm nhụt chí
5. Các động từ tường thuật V-ING

a/. V + V-ing
admit deny suggest
Ex: - “I didn’t take your money”, said Jimmy.
→ Jimmy denied taking my money.
b/. V + prep. + V-ing
apologize ( to + S.O) for approve of look forward to
dream of insist on object to
look forward to think of
Ex: - “I’ll definitely buy this house”, said Peter.
→ Peter insisted on buying that house.
c/. V + O + prep. + V-ing
accuse … of blame …. for
congratulate ….on prevent/ stop …. from
thank …. For warn …. against
criticize …. for Praise/Compliment…. on …
. Caùc cụm bằng nghĩa vơi động từ tường thuật
Tröïc tieáp Giaùn tieáp
+ “Let’s + V0…” S + suggested + V-ing
“Why don’t we + V0…?”
“What/How about + V-ing…”

Ms. Dung 23
“I am sorry …” S + apologised for + V-ing….

“Thank you for + V-ing…” S + thanked + O + for + V-ing

“Congratulation!” S + congratulated + O + on + V-ing

“Why don’t you + V0…?” S1 + suggested + (that) + S2 + should + V0…/

“You should + V0…” S + advised + O + to-infi….
“If I were you, …”

“Would you like …?” S + invited + O + to-Vo

“Don’t forget + to-infi…” S + reminded + O + to-Vo

“Remember + to-infi….”

“Be careful with …/ Be aware of …” S + warned + O + against/(not) to-Vo

+ It’s you…… S + accused + O + of+ VIng/ Blame O for Ving

+ How+adj+S+tobe!
+ S+exclaimed + that+ S+ V(lùi thì) + O
What+a/an+adj+DT!

VD: He said, “Let’s have a drink.”

→ He suggested having a drink.
Timmy said, “ Why don’t we go on a picnic”
→ Timmy suggested going on a picnic.
She said to him, “ Why don’t you go to the doctor?”
→ She advised him to go to the doctor.
“Don’t forget to lock the door”, she said to me.
→ She reminded me to lock the door.

Ms. Dung 24
 BÀI TẬP VỀ REPORTED SPEECH
Choose the correct answer among A , B C or D.
1. She asked me where I_____________ from.
A. come B. coming C. to come D. came
2. I asked Martha________ to enter law school.
A. are you planning B. if she is planning C. was she planning D. if she was planning
3. Nam wanted to know what time _________ .
A. the movie began C. the movie begins B. did the movie begin D. does the movie begin
4. Julia said that she ________ there at noon.
A. is going to be B. was going to be C. will be D. can be
5. Paul asked her, “Have you got 20 pounds?”  Paul asked her ________ 20 pounds.
A. if she got B. if she had got C. whether she got D. whether had she got
6. He told me __________ him up at six o'clock.
A. please pick B. to pick C. should pick D. I can pick
7. He said that Linda and John ________ married ________ .
A. were getting / tomorrow B. are getting / the next day C. were getting / the next dayD. will getting / the day after
8. They asked me when _________ .
A. did I arrive B. will I arrive C. I had arrived D. I can arrive
9. The farmer said, “ I didn’t see her.” ---> The farmer said ____ her.
A. he had seen B. I hadn’t seen C. she didn’t see D. he hadn’t seen
10. I wondered __________ the right thing.
A. if I am doing B. was I doing C. am I doing D. whether I was doing
11. Charlie __________ that his father was in hospital.
A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. asked me
12. Mr Brown said, “I watched TV last night.” -- -> Mr Brown said that he _______ TV the night before.
A. was watching B. watched C. had watched D. has watched
13. The teacher said Columbus ________ America in 1492.
A. discovered B. had discovered C. was discovering D. would discover
14. “Please don't tell anyone what happened," Ann said to me.
A. Ann said to me please don't tell anyone what happened. B. Ann told me didn't tell anyone what had happened.
C. Ann said me not to tell anyone what happened. D. Ann told me not to tell anyone what had happened.
15. "Would you like to go to the cinema with me tonight?" he said.
A. He invited me to go to the cinema with him that night. B. He offered me to go to the cinema with him tonight.
C. He asked me if I'd like to go to the cinema with him tonight. D. He would like me to go to the cinema with
him this night.
16. “Remember to pick me up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon," she said.
A. She told me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock tomorrow afternoon.
B. She reminded me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the following afternoon.
C. She reminded me to remember to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next afternoon.
D. She told me to pick her up at 6 o'clock the next day afternoon.
17. "Let's have a picnic next Saturday," Julia said.
A. Julia said that let's have a picnic the next Saturday. B. Julia suggested having a picnic the following Saturday.
C. Julia advised how about having a picnic the next Saturday. D. Julia told that why they didn't have a picnic
next Saturday.
18. "If I were you, I'd tell him the truth," she said to me.
A. She said to me that if I were you, I'd tell him the truth. B. She will tell him the truth if
she is me.
C. She suggested to tell him the truth if she were me. D. She advised me to tell him the truth.
19. “ Stay in bed for a few days," the doctor said to him.
A. The doctor said to him stay in bed for a few days. B. The doctor said him to stay in bed for a few days.
C. The doctor told him to stay in bed for a few days. D. The doctor told to him stay in bed for a few days.
20. “ Why don't you have your room repainted?" said Viet to Nam.
A Viet suggested that Nam should have his room repainted. B. Viet suggested having Nam's room repainted.
C. Viet asked Nam why you didn't have your room repainted. D. Viet wanted to know why Nam doesn't have his room
repainted.
21. Mary said, “I want to give up my job.” -> Mary said that ...........................
A. she wants to give up her job. C. she wanted to give up my job.
B. I wanted to give up her job. D. she wanted to give up her job.
22. His wife said to him, “ write to me as often as you can”
A. His wife told him to write to her as often as he can B. His wife told him to write to her as often as he could
C. His wife told him writing to her as often as he can D. His wife told to him to write to her as often as he could
23.Mary said ,”I have not seen Peter since last month .”
A. Mary said she has not seen Peter since the previous month.B. Mary said she had not seen Peter since the previous
month .
C. Mary said she was not seen Peter since the previous month. D. Mary said she doesn’t see Peter since the previous
month
24. “ I want to go on holiday but I don’t know where to go.” ---> Tom said that _______________
A. he wanted to go on holiday but he doesn’t know where to go.B. he wants to go on holiday but he didn’t know
where to go.
C. he wanted to go on holiday but he didn’t know where to go.D. I wanted to go on holiday but I didn’t know where to
go.
25. Mary said : “ What will you do this evening, John ?”
A. Mary asked John what would he do that evening. B. Mary asked John what John did that evening.
C. Mary wanted to know what she and John would do that evening. D. Mary wanted to know what
John would do that evening.
26. He said to them, “Don't tell me such a nonsense!”
A. He told them not to tell him such a nonsense. B. He told them to tell him such a nonsense.
C. He told them not to tell them such a nonsense. D. He told them to tell them such a nonsense.
27. "If I were you. Bill, I'd buy the house, " Stephen said.
A. Stephen suggested Bill to buy the house. B. Stephen advised Bill to buy the house.
C. Stephen promised Bill that he would buy the house. D. Stephen forced Bill to buy the house.
28. “Don’t forget to feed the chicken twice a day.”
A. He said don’t forget to feed the chicken twice a day. B. He told not to forget to feed the chicken twice a day.
C. He reminded me to feed the chicken twice a day. D. He suggested me to feed the chicken twice a day
29. “Never borrow money from friends,” my father said.
A. My father told me never to borrow money from friends. B. My father said to me never borrow money from friends.
C. My father suggested me never borrowing money from friends. D. My father advised me not borrow money from
friends
30. “Please don’t leave until I come back,” Sarah said.
A. Sarah told us do not leave until she comes back. B. Sarah asked us do not leave until she came back.
C. Sarah told us not to leave until she came back. D. Sarah said to us not to leave until she comes back
31. "Could you lend me your pen? " Tom said to Jerry.
A. Tom asked Jerry to lend him her pen. B. Tom asked to lend Jerry's pen.
C. Tom asked if Jerry could lend you her pen. D. Tom asked if Jerry could lend her his pen.
32. "Right. I'll take the brown pair, "Andrew said.
A. Andrew promised to take the brown pair. B. Andrew wanted to take the brown pair.
C. Andrew agreed to take the brown pair. D. Andrew asked to take the brown pair.
33. "I will ring you up after I get home." Peter said to Mary.
A. Peter promised to give Mary a wedding ring after he got home. B. Peter asked Mary to pay him
a visit after he' got home.
C. Peter promised to visit Mary after he got home. D. Peter promised to telephone Mary after he got home.
34 . “I’ve been playing tennis a lot lately," John said.
A. John said that I have been playing tennis a lot lately. B. John said that he has been playing tennis a lot lately.
C. John said that he had been playing tennis a lot lately. D. John said that she had been playing tennis a lot lately.
35. “Tom had an accident last week, but he wasn't injured," said Mary.
A. Mary said Tom had an accident last week but he wasn't injured.
B. Mary said Tom had had an accident last week but he wasn't injured.
C. Mary said Tom had an accident the last week but he hadn't been injured.
D. Mary said Tom had had an accident the week before but he hadn't been injured.
36. “I don't know what Fred is doing," said my sister.
 A. My sister said that she didn't know what Fred was doing.B. My sister said she doesn't know what Fred is doing.
C. My sister said that I don't know what Fred is doing. D. My sister said that she hasn't known what Fred was doing
37. I suggested that he should paint the house light blue.
A. "Shall we painted the house light blue?" I said to him. B. "How about to paint the house light blue?" I said to him.
C. "Let's paint the house light blue," I said to him. D. "Why don't you paint the house light blue?" I said to him.
38 . He invited me to have dinner with him.
A. "Would you like to have dinner with me?" he said. B. "Do you like having dinner with me?" he said.
C. "Would you like dinner with me?" said he. D. "Will you like to have dinner with me?" said he.
39. They wanted to know where I came from.
A. "We want to know where do you come from," they said.B. "Where did you come from?" they asked.
C. "Where do you come from?" asked they. D. "We wanted to know where I came from," they said.
40 . He reminded me to buy him some stamps.
A. "Don't forget to buy me some stamps," he said. B. "Remember buying me some stamps," said he.
C. "Remind to buy me some stamps," said he. D. "Don't deny buying me some stamps.," he said.
41."I'll definitely return it to you tomorrow, " John said.
A. John said that he'll return it to me the next day. B. John promised to return it to me the next day.
C. John told that he'll return it to me the next day. D. John decided to return it to me next day.
42."Shall I carry your suitcase, Mary? " said Peter.
A. Peter promised to carry Mary's suitcase. B. Peter decided to carry Mary's suitcase.
C. Peter wanted to carry Mary's suitcase. D. Peter offered to carry Mary's suitcase
43. “ I'll never make that mistake again.”, Robert said. => Robert promised _____ that mistake again.
A. no makingB. not made C. never to make D. never made
44. 'I'd like you to tell me the truth,' Lara said. => Lana wanted ___________ her the truth.
A. I to tell B. me to tell C. me telling D. I telling
45. 'You should quit smoking and eat more vegetable,' said the doctor.
=> The doctor advised him _________ more vegetable.
A. to quit smoking and eat B. quit smoking and eat
C. to quit smoking and to eating D. quitting smoking and eating
46. 'Please come and join our party tonight', said Lana. => Lana invited us____________ .
A. to come and join our party tonight B. to their party that night
C. to come and join their party that night D. to our party tonight
47. "Be aware of the dog,” said Tom. => Tom warned us ___________ .
A. to be aware of the dog B. being aware of the dog
C. we should be aware of the dog D. aware of the dog
48. "I'm really sorry for being late again," said Ann.
A. I felt sorry for Ann's being late again. B. Ann was sorry for my being late again.
C. Ann excused for my being late again. D. Ann apologized for being late again.
49. "How about spending the day at the beach? " said Tom.
A. Tom said he wanted to spend the day at the beach. B. Tom suggested spending the day at the beach.
C. Tom insisted on spending the day at the beach. D. Tom advised us to spend the day at the beach.
50."I am sorry I didn't wait for you," Mary said to John.
A. Mary apologized for not waiting for John. B. Mary insisted on not waiting for John.
C. Mary sorry for not waiting for John. D. Mary denied not waiting for John.
51. “ Mary,please come to dinner tonight,” Henry said.
a. Henry invited Mary to come to dinner tonight.
b. Henry invited Mary to come to dinner that night
c. Henry warned Mary to come to dinner tonight.
d. Henry told Mary please to come to dinner that night.
52. “ I will take you to the airport in my car, Peter,” said Lee.
a. Peter offered to take Lee to the airport.
b. Lee offered to take Peter to the airport.
c. Peter advised Lee to go to the airport by car.
d. Lee asked Peter to take him to the airport by car.
53. “ I would like to be thinner,” Mary said.
a. Mary did not want to be thinner. b. Mary told to be thinner.
c. Mary wanted to be thinner d. Mary suggested to be thinner.
54. “ I would like a a cup of coffee, please,” Mr. Pike said to the waiter.
 a. Mr. Pike ordered the waiter to bring him a cup of coffee.
b. Mr. Pike advised the waiter to drink a cup of coffee.
c. Mr. Pike warned the waiter not to drink a cup of coffee.
d. Mr. Pike invited the waiter to drink a cup of coffee.
55. “ Go on Susan! apply for the job,” said the father.
a. The father invited Susan to apply for the job.
b. The father denied applying for the job.
c. The father encouraged Susan to apply for the job.
d. The father wanted Susan not to apply for the job.
56. “ Don’t talk in class”, the teacher said.
a. The teacher told his student do not talk in class.
b. The teacher told his student did not talk in class.
c. The teacher told his student not to talk in class.
d. The teacher told his student not talking in class.
57. “ Susan, can you remember to buy me some sugar?” said Billy.
a. Billy advised Susan to buy him some sugar.
b. Billy reminded Susan to buy me some sugar.
c. Billy reminded Susan to buy him some sugar.
d. Billy invited Susan to buy me some sugar.
58. The secretary said, “ Sorry, I will never work on Sunday.”
a. The secretary promised not to work on Sunday.
b. The secretary refused to work on Sunday.
c. The secretary refused not to work on Sunday.
d. The secretary reminded her boss to work on Sunday.
59. “ Don’t stay up late. You should go to bed early.” Peter told me.
a. Peter told me not to stay up late and promised to go to bed early.
b. Peter promised not to stay up late and told me to go to bed early.
c. Peter told me do not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early.
d. Peter told me not to stay up late and advised me to go to bed early.
60. “You cheated in the exam,” the teacher said to his students.
a. The teacher insisted his students on cheating in the exam.
b. The teacher prevented his students from cheating in the exam.
c. The teacher advised his students to cheat in the exam.
d. The teacher accused his students of cheating in the exam.
61. My friend _______.
a. suggested going for a walk b. suggested us going for a walk
c. advised to go for a walk d. would like going for a walk
62. John _______ him carry the package.
a. thanked me for helping b. said thanking with me to help
c. told me to thank with helping d. asked me to thank and help
63. The group leader prevented his members _______.
a. from going on b. going on c. to go on d. to going on
64. “May I go out, Mum?” – “No, I won’t let you go out.”
a. The mother prevented her child from going out. b. The mother suggested going out
c. The mother thanked her child for going out d. The mother insisted her child on going out
65. “Great! You are well-dress today, Mary” said Tommy.
a. Tommy accused Mary on being well-dress. b. Tommy complimented Mary on being well -dress.
c. Tommy told Mary to be well-dress. d. Tommy wanted Mary to be well-dress.
66. “Thank you very much for your help, John” said Daisy.
a. Daisy thanked John for helping her.
b. Daisy told John to help her.
c. Daisy wanted John to help her and said thanks. d. Daisy would like John to help her.
67. “Are you the new manager, Daisy? Congratulation!” said Billy.
a. Billy looked forward to being the new manager.
b. Billy dreamed of being the new manager.
c. Billy prevented Daisy from being the new manager.
d. Billy congratulated Daisy on being the new manager.
68. Jane suggested going to the cinema.
a. Jane said, “Let’s go to the cinema, shall we?” b. Jane said, “We oughtn’t to go to the cinema.”
c. Jane said, “I hate going to the cinema.” d. Jane said, “Going to the cinema is boring”

Choose the best answer:

 1. Julia said that she ___________ there at noon.
A. is going to be B. was going to be C. will be D. can be
2. He _______ that he was leaving way that afternoon.
A. told me B. told to me C. said me D. says to me
3. She said to me that she __________ to me the Sunday before.
A. wrote B. has written C. was writing D. had written
4. I _________ him to sell that old motorbike.
A. said to B. suggested C. advised D. recommended
5. My parents reminded me ________ the flowers.
A. remember to plant B. plant C. to plant D. planting
6. I asked Martha ______ to enter law school.
A. are you planning B. is she planning C. was she planning D. if she was planning
7. Nam wanted to know what time ________.
A. does the movie begin B. did the movie begin C. the movie begins D. the movie began
8. I wondered_______ the right thing.
A. whether I was doing B. if I am doing C. was I doing D. am I doing
9. The scientist said the earth ________ the sun.
A. goes round B. is going around C. went around D. was going around
10. Peter said that if he ________rich, he _________ a lot.
A. is – will travel B. were- would travel
C. had been – would have travel D. was – will travel
11. They said that they had been driving through the desert__________.
A. the previous day B. yesterday C. the last day D. Sunday previously
12. He asked the children _________too much noise.
A. not to make B. not making C. don’t make D. if they don’t make
13. The man said that money ___________ to the bank in 2 days’ time.
A. will be transferred B would be transferred C. is transferred D. was transferred
14. The teacher said The sun _________in the East.
A. rise B.rises C. has risen D.was rise
15. John said he _________ her since they ________ school.
A. hasn’t met – left B. hadn’t met - had left C. hadn’t met left D. didn’t meet – has left
16. The woman asked __________get lunch at school.
A. can the children B. whether the children could C. if the children can D. could the children
17. Laura said that when she_________ to school, she saw an accident.
A. was walking B. has walked C. had been walking D. has been walking
18. He asked, “Why didn’t she take the final exam?” - He asked why __________ the final exam.
A. she took B. did she take C. she hadn’t taken D. she had taken
19. Ba said he__________ some good marks the semester before.
A. gets B. got C. had gotten D. have got
20. They told their parents that they___________ their best to do the test.
A. try B. will try C. are trying D. would try
21. 22. She_________ me whether I liked classical music or not.
A. ask B. asks C. asked D. asking
23. He asked me who____________ the editor of that book.
A. was B. were C. is D. has been
24. He wants to know whether I ___________ back tomorrow.
A. come B. came C. will come D. would come
25. I wonder why he___________ love his family.
A. doesn’t B. don’t C. didn’t D. hasn’t
26. 27. Thu said she had been___________ the day before.
A. here B. there C. in this place D. where
28. The student said that the English test_______ the most difficult.
A. is B. was C. will be D. have been
29. He wanted to know _______ shopping during the previous morning.
A. if we had been going B. that if we had been going C. we were going D. that we were going
30. He asked me _______ Robert and I said I did not know _______.
A. that did I know / who were he B. that I knew / who he had been
C. if I knew/ who he was D. whether I knew / who had he been
30. "Can you open the door for me, Tom?" Ann asked.
a. Ann asked to open the door for her, Tom.
b. Ann asked Tom to open the door for her.
c. Ann asked Tom open the door for her.
 d. Ann asked Tom to open the door for me.
31. "Listen carefully", he said to us.
a. He told us listen carefully b. He told to us to listen carefully
c. He told us to listen carefully d. He said us to listen carefully.
32. The police officer said to us, "Where are you going?"
a. The police officer asked us where we were going?
b. The police officer asked us where were we going?
c. The police officer asked us where are we going?
d. The police officer asked us where we are going?
33. Clair asked, "What time do the banks close?"
a. Claire wanted to know what time the banks close?
b. Claire wanted to know what time do the banks close?
c. Claire wanted to know what time did the banks close?
d. Claire wanted to know what time the banks closed.
34. "Why did you come back?" he asked.
a. He asked me why I had come back. b. He asked me why had I come back.
c. He asked me why did you come back. b. He asked me why you had come back.
35. "Are you glad to be back?" he asked.
a. He asked me if I was glad to be back. b. He asked me was I glad to be back?
c. He asked me if I am glad to be back. b. He asked me are you glad to be back?
36. She said, "Don't tease me, John"
a. She said not to tease me to John. b. She said John not to tease me.
c. She told John not to tease her. d. She told John do not tease her
37. "Do you have a driver's license?" she asked
a. She asked me did you have a driver's license?
b. She asked me do you have a driver's license?
c. She asked me if I had a driver's license?
d. She asked me if I have a driver's license?
38. "Where did you go?".
a. She asked me where I had gone. b. She asked me where did you go.
c. She asked me where did I go. d. She asked me where you had gone.
39. "Can you use a computer?" she asked
a. She wanted to know whether I can use a computer.
b. She wanted to know whether I could use a computer.
c. She wanted to know could I use a computer.
d. She wanted to know can I use a computer.
40. "Shut the door but don't lock it", she said to us.
a. She told us to shut the door but don’t look it.
b. She told us to shut the door but not to look it.
c. She told us shut the door but don’t look it.
d. She told us shut the door but not to look it.
41. "Can you speak more slowly? I can't understand", he said to me.
a. He asked me to speak more slowly because he couldn't understand.
b. He asked me to speak more slowly and he couldn't understand.
c. He asked me to speak more slowly but he couldn't understand.
d. He asked me to speak more slowly. He can't understand.
42. "Don't come before 6 o'clock", I said to him.
a. I told him don’t come before 6 o'clock.
b. I told him to come not before 6 o'clock.
c. I told to him not to come before 6 o'clock.
 d. I told him not to come before 6 o'clock.
43. "I can see you later", he said.
a. He said he could see me later b. He said I can see you later
c. He said I can see you later b. He said he can see me later
44.“Don’t forget to ring me”
A. I advised David to ring me B. I reminded David to ring me
C. I offered to be rung D. You promised to ring me
45. The doctor advised him ......................... and to take up some sport.
A. stop smoke B. stop smoking
C. to stop smoking D. to stop to smoke
46. Professional people expect ................... when it is necessary to cancel an appointment.
A. you to call them B. that you would call them
C. you calling them D. that you are calling them
47. “Don’t come near the barrier”, the police said.
A. The police thanked me for coming near the barrier.
B. The police congratulated me on coming near the barrier
C. The police warned me against coming near the barrier.
D. The police dreamed of coming near the barrier.
48. : Her mother ......................... her from going out that night.
A. apologized B. accused C. prevented D. suggested
49. I apologized ........................ the book at home.
A. to leave B. for leaving C. to leaving D. leaving
50. “Would you like to join my party?”, said the girl.
A. The girl ordered to join her party.
B. The girl invited me to join her party.
C. The girl told to join her party.
D. The girl warned me to join her party.
51. “What about going to the cinema this morning?” Tom said.
A. Tom invited to go to the cinema that morning. B. Tom promised to go to the cinema that morning.
C. Tom suggested going to the cinema that morning. D. Tom admitted going to the cinema that
morning.
52.“You were very kind to buy me these flowers. Thank you.” Mrs. Smith told me
A. Mrs. Smith thanked me for buying her those flowers
B. Mrs. Smith thanked me at buy her these flowers
C. Mrs. Smith congratulated me on buying her those flowers
D. Mrs. Smith thanked me for buy me these flower
 4. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
(CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN)

A. LÝ THUYẾT
C©u ®iÒu kiÖn cã hai mÖnh ®Ò: M§ phô (hay M§ ®iÒu kiÖn) b¾t ®Çu b»ng If, vµ M§ chÝnh (nªu lªn kÕt qu¶). Cã
3 lo¹i c©u §K :
I. Các loại câu điều kiện
1. Real conditional sentences (Type 1).
a) Future possible (cã thÓ x¶y ra ë hiÖn t¹i hoÆc t¬ng lai).
If + S + V (simple present) + S + will/ can/ may/ must...+ V0
VD: If I have time, I will visit you.
b) Habitual ( thãi quen).
If + S + V (simple present) + S + V (simple present).
VD: Ann usually walks to school if she has enough time.
c) Command (c©u mÖnh lÖnh, yªu cÇu).
If + S + V (simple present) + command form.
VD: If you go to market, please buy me some fruits.
2. Present unreal conditional sentences (Type 2) (Trái với thực tế ở hiện tại)
If + S + V (simple past) + S + would/ should/ could/ might + V inf.
Lưu ý:Trong M§ if cã “To be” th× dïng “Were” cho tÊt c¶ c¸c ng«i).
VD: If today were Saturday, I could go to the beach.
If I had time, I would write you a letter.
3. Past unreal conditional sentences (Type 3) (Trái với thực tế ở quá khứ)
If + S + V (past perfect) + S + would/ could/ might + have + PII.
VD: If I hadn’t lost my way, I would have arrived sooner.
II. Daïng ñaûo ngöõ: (Khi If được lược bỏ)

Type (loaïi) If clause Main clause

I (Possible future) Should + S + V0 ….. S + will + V0
Were + S + adj/ NP (cụm N) ….
II (Untrue present) S + would + V0
Were + S + to V0 …..
III (Untrue past) Had + S + V3/ED ….. S + would have + V3/ED

VD: If I were younger, I would play tennis.

-> Were I younger, I would play tennis.
If he had studied hard, he would have passed his exam.
-> Had he studied hard, he would have passed his exam.
III. Các dạng điều kiện khác
1. Provided / providing (that) (với điều kiện là, miễn là), On condition (that) (víi ®iÒu kiÖn lµ), As long as/ so long as
(miÔn lµ, víi ®iÒu kiÖn lµ), Suppose/supposing (gi¶ sö nh), In case (trong trêng hîp), Even if (ngay c¶ khi, dï cho ....
dïng ®Ó chØ sù t¬ng ph¶n hay nhÊn m¹nh), ......... cã thÓ dïng thay cho If trong c©u ®iÒu kiÖn.
if/in case + S + should : để chỉ một điều khó có thể xảy ra, người ta đưa ra ý kiến chỉ đề phòng ngừa.
VD: If you should change your mind, please let me know.
In case he should have forgotten to go to the airport, nobody will be there to meet him. (Ngộ nhỡ ông ấy quên ra
sân bay, thì sẽ không có ai ở đó đón cô ta mất)
VD: Supposing it rains, what will you do ?
I’ll accept your invitation provided you go with me.
Even if he goes to bed early, he always wakes up late .
VD: I’ll phone you when I go to bed tonight.
2. Unless + positive (thể khẳng định) = if ... not: trừ phi, nếu không
VD: If you don’t study hard, you will fail in the exam.
-> Unless you study hard, you will fail in the exam.
3. But for (nÕu kh«ng v×, nÕu kh«ng cã, nếu không nhờ)
VD: But for the storm (= If it hadn’t been for the storm), we should have arrived earlier.
4. Without (nÕu kh«ng v×, nÕu kh«ng cã, nếu không nhờ)
VD: Without his books (= If there weren’t his book), he would know nothing.
5 . But for that + unreal condition (trái với thực tế): Nếu không thì
Mệnh đề sau nó phải lùi một thì.
- Hiện tại
S + V (simple present), but for that + S + would/ should/ could/ might + V inf.
 VD: My father pays my fee, but for that I couldn't be here.
- Quá khứ
S + V (simple past), but for that + S + would/ could/ might + have + V3/ED
VD: My car broke down, but for that we would have been here in time.
6. Otherwise
+ real condition (điều kiện có thể xảy ra): Kẻo, nếu không thì.
S + V (simple present), otherwise + S + will/ can/ may + V0
VD: We must be back before midnight, otherwise I will be locked out.
.+ Otherwise + unreal condition (điều kiện trái với thực tế): Kẻo, nếu không thì
Sau nó phải là điều kiện không thể thực hiện được, mệnh đề sau nó lùi một thì.
- Hiện tại
S + V (simple present), otherwise + S + would/ should/ could/ might + V inf.
VD: Her father supports her finance, otherwise she couldn't conduct these experiments.
- Quá khứ:
S + V (simple past), otherwise + S + would/ could/ might + have + V3/ED
VD: I used a computer, otherwise I would have taken longer with these calculations.
Lưu ý: Ta cũng có thể dùng or else để thay thế cho otherwise.
VD: You must hurry, or else you will be late for school.
7. As if / As though: Cø nh thể, nh lµ
a) cã thÓ x¶y ra ë hiÖn t¹i:
S + V ( present) + As if/ As though + S + V (present)
VD: My mother buys much food as if we have guests.
b) kiÖn kh«ng cã thËt ë hiÖn t¹i:
S + V (present) As if/ As though + S + V (past).
VD: He acts as though he were rich.
The girl dresses as if it were summer even in the winter.
c) kh«ng cã thËt ë qu¸ khø.
S + V (past) + As if/ As though + S + V (past perfect)
VD: She looked as if she had seen a ghost.
8. MĐ sau Wish và If only: (ước gì, gi¸ mµ )
Sau Wish vµ If only thêng dïng mét M§ chØ mét ®iÒu ao íc, mét ®iÒu kh«ng thËt. Cã 3 M§ sau Wish vµ If only:
a) Future wish (Diễn đạt một ước muốn về tương lai)
S + wish/if only + S + would/ could + V0
VD: I wish I would be an astronaut in the future.
If only I would take the trip with you next Sunday.
b) Present wish(Diễn đạt một ước muốn trái với thực tế ở hiện tại)
S + wish/if only + S + V2/ed / were ( simple past).
VD: I can’t swim. I wish I could swim
Marry isn’t here. I wish she were here. (= If only Marry were here)
c) Past wish (Diễn đạt một ước muốn trái với thực tế ở quá khứ)
S + wish/if only + S + had + V3/ED( past perfect)
VD: She wishes she had had enough money to buy the house. (She didn’t have enough money to buy the house).
If only I had met her yesterday. (I didn’t meet her).
Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence.
1. If I ……….a lot of money now, I …………..a new car.
A. have /will buy B. have / would buy C. had/ will buy D. had/ would buy.
2. If I ……………you, I …………….do that.
A. am/ will B. were /would C. were/ will D. had been/ would.
3. if I were offered the job, I think I ………. it.
A. take B. will take C. would take D. would have taken.
4. I would be very surprised if he……………..
A. refuses B. Refused C. had refused D. would refuse.
5. Many people would be out of work if that factory………..down.
A. Closes B. had closed C. closed D. would close.
6. If she sold her car, she ………… much money.
A. gets b. would get c. will get d. would have got.
7. They would be disappointed if we…………….
a. hadn’t come b. wouldn’t come c. don’t come d. didn’t come.
8. Would John be angry if I ……. ……his bicycle without asking?
a. take b. took c. had taken d. would take.
9. She ……….terrible upset if I lost this ring.
a. will be b. would be c. were d. had been.
10. If someone…………in here with a gun, I would be very frightened.
a. would walk b. Walks c. had walked d. walked.
11. What would happen if you ……………..to work tomorrow?
a. don’t go b. didn’t go c. won’t go d. wouldn’t go.
12. We ‘ll get wet if we ………….out.
a. Go b. did go c. Went d. had gone.
13. If I go shopping, I ………some food.
a. Buy b. will buy c. would buy d. would have bought.
14. If I find it, I ………you.
a. will tell b. would tell c. had told d. told.
15. What would you do if you……………a million dollars?
a. would win b. win c. had won d. won.
16. They ‘d be hurt if I ……………….
a. don’t go b. didn’t go c. hadn’t gone d. wouldn’t go.
17. If we took the 6: 30 train, we…………too early.
a. would have arrived b. Arrived c. will arrived d. would arrive.
18. If I had known you were in hospital, I …………to see you.
a. will go b. would go c. Went d. would have gone.
19. If I …………., I would have said hello.
a. had seen b. see c. Saw d. would see.
20. I…………..out if I hadn’t been so tired.
a. will go b. went c. would have gone d. would go.
21. If I ………..a camera, I would have taken some pictures.
a. have b. had c. would have d. had had.
22. You won’t pass the examination……………you study more.
a. as long as b. unless c. if d. whether.
23. If only I …………you wanted to invest money in business.
a. had known b. knew c. have known d. know.
24. If I were to leave my country , I ……………disappointed.
a. probably be b. would have been c. will be d. would be.
25. If he hadn’t wasted too much time, he…………….in his examination.
a. would fail b. wouldn’t fail c. wouldn’t have failed. d. won’t fail.
26. If I had taken that English course, I ………..much progress.
a. had made b. would have made c. made d. would make.
27. If I were in your place, I ……….a trip to England.
a. will make b. had made c. made. d. would make.
28. If I ………….. you , I’d save some of your lottery winning.
a. be b. Were c. am d. was
29. If the car ……….. larger, we would have bought it.
a. had been b. have been c. has been d. been
30. If I had enough money, I ……… abroad to improve my English.
A.will go b. should go c. would go d. should have go to
1. I would have visited you before if there _____ quite a lot of people in your house.
A. hadn't B. hadn't been C. wouldn't be D. wasn't
2. If you had caught the bus, you _____ late for work.
A. wouldn't have been B. would have been C. wouldn’t be D. would be
3. If I _____, I would express my feelings.
A. were asked B. would ask C. had been asked D. asked
4. If _____ as I told her, she would have succeeded.
A. she has done B. she had done C. she does D. she did
5. Will you be angry if I _____ your pocket dictionary?
A. stole B. have stolen C. were to steal D. steal
6. You made a mistake by telling her a lie. It _____ better if you _____ to her.
A. would have been / hadn't lied B. would be / didn't lie
C. will be / don't lie D. would be / hadn't lied
7. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.
A. would invest B. invested C. had invested D. invests
8. She wouldn't have given them all that money if we _____ her to.
A. wouldn’t advise B. won't advise C. hadn't advised D. didn't advise
9. If the tree hadn't been so high, he _____ it up to take his kite down.
 A. could have climbed B. climb C. is climbing D. climbed
10. If the wall weren't so high, he _____ it up to take his ball down.
A. climbed B. could climb C. is climbing D. climb
11. If I _____ her phone number, I _____ her last night
A. had known / could have phoned B. knew / would have phoned
C. know / can phone D. knew / could phone
12. If he ______ the truth, the police wouldn’t arrest him.
A. tells B. told C. had told D. would tell
13. If you press that button what _____?
A. would happen B. would have happened C. will happen D. happen
14. She says if she _____ that the traffic lights were red she _____.
A. had realized / would stop B. realized / could have stopped
C. has realized / stopped D. had realized / would have stopped
15. I am very thin. I think, if I _____ smoking, I might get fat.
A. stop B. had stopped C. will stop D. stopped
16. If I _____ that yesterday, I _____ them.
A. had discovered / would inform B. had discovered / would have informed
C. had discovered / could inform D. discovered / can inform
17. If you _______ to the course regularly, they ________ a certificate last year.
A. go / gave B. go / give C. had gone / would have given D. went / would give
18. I think he is not at home. If he _____ in, he ______ the phone.
A. was / answered B. were / would answer C. were / would have answered D.had been / would have
answered
19. If I ______ in London now, I could visit British Museum.
A. were B. had been C. have been D. would be
20. If Columbus _______ money from Queen Isabella, he _______ across the Atlantic.
A. do not receive / could not sail B. had not received / might not have sailed
C. did not receive / might not have sailed D. would not receive / might not sail
21. If you didn't wear shabby clothes, you _______ more good-looking.
A. will be B. would be C. would have been D. can be
22. If your hair _______ grey now, what ______ you ________?
A. went / would / do B. goes / would /do C. had gone / would/do D. had gone / would have / done
23. If you ______ be someone, who______ you ______?
A. could / would / have been B. could / would / be C. can / will / be D. are able to / will / be
24. If I ________ an Angel, I would try to make happy all the children.
A. am B. have been C. were D. had been
25. John would be taking a great risk if he _____ his money in that business.
A. would invest B. invested C. had invested D. invests
26. It ________ if nobody had reminded them.
A. would have be forgot B. would have been forgot C. would have forget D. would have been forget
27. The car ________ if somebody takes it there.
A. will be repaired B. would be repaired C. will been repaired D. is repair
28. You ______ to prison if you did that.
A. would be send B. would have been sent C. would be sent D. were sent
29. You would study Italian if it _____ here.
A. was teaching B. were taught C. would be taught D. is taught
30. It _______ if nobody reminded them
A. was forgotten B. would be forget C. would be forgot D. would forgot
31. The magazine _____ by more people if it had better articles.
A. would be reading B. would read C. would be read D. been read
32. The joke would not be funny if it _________ into French.
A. were translated B. is translated C. was be translated D. translated
33. A doctor _________ if somebody falls ill.
A. will be cold for B. will be called for C. will call for D. would be call for
34. Would she go if she _____?
A. were invited B. was be invited C. have been invited D. be invited
35. He _____ the death penalty if he were found guilty.
A. would be given B. would be gave C. would given D. were given
36. Who would have won the World War II if the nuclear bomb _____ by the Nazus first.
A. had be produced B. had produced C. had been produced D. would be produced
37. The room ______ if it is not empty.
 A. couldn’t be repainted B. cannot be repainted C. could be repainted D. can be repainted
38. He _____ the death penalty if he had been found guilty.
A. would has given B. would has been given C. would have given D. would have been given
39. The cars _____ if we had not done such a huge advertising campaign.
A. would not have been bought B. would not have be bought C. would have been
bought D. would not had been bought
40. If I were a better conversationalist , _____ to parties more often?
A. I would be invited B. I would have been invited C. would I be invited D. would I have been invited
41.Kevin never seems to get tired. I wish I _____ his energy
A. can have B. have had C. had D. would have
42. If I ____ him yesterday, I would have to come back tomorrow
A. didn’t meet B. have met C. met D. hadn’t met
43. If she ____ the truth, I think she’d never want to see you again
A. would know B. knows C. will know D. knew
44. I would never have believed ____ it with my own eyes
A. if I didn’t see B. if I hadn’t seen C. if I haven’t seen D. if I wouldn’t have seen
45. I wish I had remembered your number. Otherwise, I ____ you
A. phoned B. would phone C. would have phoned D. will have phone
46. Such typing mistakes _____ avoided if you had been more careful
A. can have been C. would be C. might have been D. should be
1. “Will you be angry if we ___you by your first name?”
“Not at all. Please call me Tom.”
A. called B. call C. calling D. want to call
2. Trees won’t grow ___ there is enough water.
A. if B. when C. unless D. as
3. Trees won’t grow ___ there is enough water.
A. if B. when C. unless D. as
’
4. If you hadn t watched that late mivie last night, you ___ sleepy now.
A. wouldn’t have been B. wouldn’t be C. might have not been D. wouldn’t have been being
23. If you ___ as I told you, you ___ sorry now.
A. did- would not be B. had done- had not been C. do – would not be D. had done – would not be
24. If only I ___ him now.
A. see B. saw C. have seen D. seen
’
25. If I ___, I ll let you know.
A. am staying B. will stay C. do stay D. would stay
26. If only I ___ you wanted to invest money in business.
A. had known B. knew C. have known D. know
27. Linda wishes she ___her car.
A. hasn’t sold B. hadn’t sold C. doesn’t sell D. won’t sell
He looked frightened as if he___a ghost.
A. had seen B. saw C. would see D. was seeing
29. I wish it ___ a holiday today.
A. were B. will be C. is D. had been
30. “My car broke down when I was leaving Detroit and I had to take the bus. “___, we would have picked you up.”
A. Had we known B. If we have known C. We had known D. If we did know
31. If I ___ as young as you are, I ___ in a boat round the world.
A. were- would sail B. would be – would sail C. were- will sail D. would- would sail
32. If he___tickets yesterday, he ___ on the beach now.
A. had booked- would be lying B. had booked- would have lied
C. booked – would lie D. books- will lie
33. If you ___ less last night, you ___ so bad today.
A. had drunk- would not have felt B. drank- would not feel
C. had drunk- would not feel D. would have drunk- would not feel
34. It seemed as if he ___ of it before.
A. would never hear B. has never heard C. never heard D. had never heard
35. ___ today, she would get home by Friday.
A. Would she leave B. Was she leaving C. Were she to leave D. If she leaves
36. “He’s a very brave man.” “Yes, I wish I ___ his courage.”
A. have B. had C. will have D. would have
37. ___he___ hard last year, he would have lost the first prize.
A. Hadn’t – studied B. Had- not studied C. Didn’t study D. If – had studied
 39. “I wish this city___ so noisy.” “I know. I wish we ___ in the countryside.”
A. isn’t – live B. wasn’t – live C. weren’t- live D. weren’t – lived
40. He acted as though he___ for days.
A. not eat B. hasn’t eaten C. hadn’t eaten D. didn’t eat
’
41. We ___ the game if we d had a few more minutes.
A. might have won B. won C. had won D. will win
42. I ___ William with me if I had known you and he didn’t get along with each other.
A. hadn’t brought B. didn’t bring C. wouldn’t have brought D. won’t bring
’
43. If you ___ to my advice in the first place, you wouldn t be in this mess right now.
A. listen B. will listen C. had listened D. listened
44. ___ interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it.
A. Were I B. Should I C. I was D. If I am
46. ___ then what I know today, I would have saved myself a lot of time and trouble over the years.
A. Had I known B. Did I know C. If I know D. If I would know
47. Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people ___ the same language?
A. spoke B. speak C. had spoken D. will speak
48. Unless you ___ all of my s, I can’t do anything to help you.
A. answered B. answer C. would answer D. are answering
49. Had you told me that this was going to happen, I ___ it.
A. would never have believed B. don’t believe C. hadn’t believed D. can’t believe
50. She is too weak; she can't sit up and talk to you.
A. If she isn't too weak, she can sit up and talk to you.B. If she weren't too weak, she could sit up and talk to you.
C. If she hadn't been too weak, she could sit up and talk to you. D. If she wasn't too weak, she can sit up and talk to
you.
51. I don't have enough money with me now; otherwise I will buy that coat.
A. If I had enough money with me now, I wouldn't buy that coat.
B. If I had enough money with me now, I would buy that coat.
C. If I didn't have enough money with me now, I would buy that coat.
D. If I didn't have enough money with me now, I wouldn't buy that coat.
52. She didn’t stop her car because she didn’t see the signal.
A. If she saw the signal, she would stop her car. B. If she had seen the signal, she would stop her car.
C. If she had seen the signal, she would have stopped her car. D. If she saw the signal, she would have stopped her car.
53. His flight was delayed so he couldn’t be here on time.
A. He would be here in time if his flight were not delayed.
B. He would have been here in time if his flight hadn’t been delayed.
C. He would be here in time if his flight hadn’t been delayed.
D. He would have been here in time if his flight weren’t delayed.
54. because you helped me, I could overcome the problem.
A. If you don’t help me, I can’t overcome the problem.
B. If you didn’t help me, I couldn’t overcome the problem.
C. If you hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t overcome the problem.
D. If you hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t have overcome the problem.
55. Linda gives me her report ,so I can finish the project.
A. If Linda didn’t me her report , I wouldn’t finish the project.
B.If Linda gave me her report , I wouldn’t finish the project.
C. If Laura hadn’t given me, I wouldn’t have finished the project.
D. I wouldn’t have finished the project if Laura didn’t give me her report.
56. He stepped on the mine, and it exploded.
A. If he doesn’t step on the mine, it doesn’t explode.
B. If he doesn’t step on the mine, it won’t explode.
C. If he didn’t step on the mine, it wouldn’t explode.
D. If he hadn’t stepped on the mine, it wouldn’t have exploded.
57. In my experiments, the liquid is cooled to 32ºF. It always freezes.
A. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it froze.
B. If you cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would freeze.
C. If you cool the liquid to 32 degrees, it will freeze.
D. If you had cooled the liquid to 32 degrees, it would have frozen.
58. Unfortunately, I don’t know Philosophy, so I can’t answer your .
A. If I know Philosophy, I can answer your .
B. If I know Philosophy, I will be able to answer your .
C. If I knew Philosophy, I would be able to answer your .
 D. If I had known Philosophy, I would have been able to answer your .
59. I regret behaving so impolitely with her and she was disappointed.
A. Unless I behave so impolitely with her, she would not be disappointed.
B. Provided that I did not behave so impolitely with her, she would not be disappointed.
C. I wish I did not behave so impolitely with her.
D. If I had not behaved so impolitely with her, she would not have been disappointed.
60. Take an umbrella with you _____ .
A. in case it rains B. unless it rains C. if it will rain D. even if it would rain
1. Lean the ladder carefully against the wall, otherwise it will down
A. You should handle the ladder carefully or you will fall down
B. If you did not lean the ladder against the wall carefully, it would fall down
C. If the ladder is not leant carefully against wall, it will fall down
D. Lean against the ladder or you will fall off the wall
2. Mai can’t get the job because she doesn’t speak EL well
A. If Mai gets the job, she will speak English well
B. If Mai can’t get the job, she doesn’t speak EL well
C. If Mai spoke EL well, she could get the job.
D. If Mai could get the job, she would speak EL well
3. That man speaks EL fast, so they can’t understand
A. If that man didn’t speak fast, they could understand
B. If that man spoke EL slowly, they could understand
C. Unless that man spoke EL fast, they could understand him
D. All are correct
4. Unless you promise not to tell anyone, I won’ give you this letter
A. If you promise not to tell anyone, I will give you this letter
B. If you don’t promise to tell anyone, I will give you this letter
C. If you don’t promise to tell anyone I won’t give you this letter
D. If you promise not to tell anyone I won’t give you this letter
5. If you don’t finish this exercise, I won’t let you out
A. As long as you finish this exercise I won’t let you out
B. Unless you finish this exercise I will let you out
C. Provided that you finish this exercise I will let you out
D. If you finish this exercise I won’t let you out
6. Her father is away on business. She really needs his help now.
A. If only her father had been at home and could have helped her.
B. As long as her father is at home, he will be able to help her.
C. If her father is at home, he can help her now.
D. She wishes her father were at home and could help her now.
7.Without the sun, the earth would have no life.
A. If it there isn’t the sun, the earth would have no life.
B. If it there hadn’t been the sun, the earth would have had no life.
C. If it there weren’t the sun , the earth would have no life.
D. If it there was the sun , the earth would have life.
8. I did not see Susan off at the airport. I feel bad about it now.
A. I could have seen Susan off at the airport.
B. If only I had seen Susan off at the airport.
C. That I did not see Susan off at the airport escapes me now.
D. It suddenly dawns on me that I should have seen Susan off at the airport.
9. The children are noisy. She can’t concentrate on working.
A. She wishes the children are not noisy and she can concentrate on working.
B. In case the children are not noisy, she can concentrate on working.
C. If the children were not noisy, she can concentrate on working.
 D. If only the children were not noisy and she could concentrate on working.
10. But for my brother’s advice, I could have chosen the wrong major in university.
A. If it hadn’t been for my brother’s advice, I could have chosen the wrong major in university.
B. If it weren’t for my brother’s advice, I could have chosen the wrong major in university.
C. If it had been for my brother’s advice, I could have chosen the wrong major in university.
D. If it hadn’t been for my brother’s advice, I couldn’t have chosen the wrong major in university.
. 11.“I couldn’t have made it without your help” means
A. I couldn’t have made it if you helped me.
B. I couldn’t have made it if you had helped me.
C. I couldn’t have made it if you hadn’t helped me.
D. I couldn’t have made it if you didn’t help me.
12. She didn’t stop her car because she didn’t see the signal.
A. If she saw the signal, she would stop her car.
B. If she hadn’t seen the signal, she would stop her car.
C. had she seen the signal, she would have stopped her car.
D. If she saw the signal, she would have stopped her car.
13. His flight was delayed so he couldn’t be here on time.
A. He would be here in time if his flight were not delayed.
B. He would have been here in time if his flight hadn’t been delayed.
C. He would be here in time if his flight hadn’t been delayed.
D. He would have been here in time if his flight weren’t delayed.
14. Without your help, I couldn’t overcome the problem.
A. If you don’t help me, I can’t overcome the problem.
B. If you didn’t help me, I couldn’t overcome the problem.
C. If you hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t overcome the problem.
D. If you hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t have overcome the problem.
15. Thanks to Laura’s report, I was able to finish the project.
A. If there isn’t Laura’s report, I wouldn’t finish the project.
B. Had it not been for Laura’s report, I wouldn’t have been to finish the project.
C. If Laura didn’t help me, I wouldn’t finish the project.
D. I wouldn’t have finished the project if Laura didn’t help me.
16. Nam was so rude to them last night. Now he feels regretful.
A. Nam regrets to have been so rude to them last night.
B. Nam regrets having so rude to them last night.
C. Nam wishes he hadn’t been so rude to them last night.
D. Nam wishes he weren’t so rude to them last night.
17. We can’t stay in this flat. We haven’t paid for the rent monthly.
A. Whether we pay for the rent monthly or stay in this flat. B. Without the rent paid, we can stay in this flat.
C. Unless we pay for the rent, we can stay in this flat. D. If only we paid for the rent monthly, we could stay in this
flat.
5. ĐẠI TỪ QUAN HỆ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

A. LYÙ THUYEÁT
I. Quy taéc chung:
NGÖÔØI VAÄT
Subject
THAT WHO WHICH

Object WHOM WHICH

Possessive WHOSE/
WHOSE
adjective OF WHICH
1. Who: lµ mét §TQH chØ ngêi, ®øng sau danh tõ chØ ngêi lµm chñ ng÷ cho ®éng tõ ®øng sau nã.
VD: We meet the man. He is a professor.
-> We meet the man who is a professor
2. Whom: lµ mét §TQH chØ ngêi, ®øng sau danh tõ chØ ngêi lµm t©n ng÷ cho ®éng tõ ®øng sau nã.
VD: She talked to the boy. We met him in the zoo.
-> She talked to the boy whom we met in the zoo.
Whom cã thÓ ®îc lîc bá.
VD: The woman whom you saw yesterday is my aunt.
 -> The woman you saw yesterday is my aunt.
3. Which: lµ mét §TQH chØ vËt, ®øng sau danh tõ chØ vËt lµm chñ ng÷ hoÆc t©n ng÷ cho ®éng tõ ®øng sau nã.
VD: He shouted at the dog. It barked loudly.
-> He shouted at the dog which barked loudly.
The dog barked loudly. He called it.
-> The dog which he called barked loudly.
Which cã thÓ ®îc bá khi nã lµm t©n ng÷ cho ®éng tõ sau nã.
VD: This is the book which you gave me yesterday.
-> This is the book you gave me yesterday.
4. That lµ §TQH chØ c¶ ngêi vµ vËt.
That cã thÓ dïng thay cho Who, Whom, Which trong M§QH x¸c ®Þnh.
VD: The girl won the championship. She was really talented.
-> The girl that (= who) was really talented won the championship.
5. Whose: lµ mét §TQH, ®øng sau danh tõ chØ ngêi vµ thay cho tÝnh tõ së h÷u tríc danh tõ. Whose còng ®îc dïng cho
vËt (= of which). Sau Whose lu«n lµ mét danh tõ.
VD: Do you know the woman? Her son has lost.
-> Do you know the woman whose son has lost?
We should throw away the table. The leg of the table was broken.
-> We should throw away the table the leg of which / of which the leg / whose leg was broken.
6. When: Lµ mét tr¹ng tõ quan hÖ chØ thêi gian, ®øng sau danh tõ chØ thêi gian.
When ®îc dïng thay cho at / on / in + which; then.
VD: National day is the day. Our nation was completely liberated on that day.
-> National day is the day when / on which our nation was completely liberated.
7. Where: lµ mét tr¹ng tõ quan hÖ chØ n¬i chèn, ®øng sau danh tõ chØ n¬i chèn.
Where ®îc dïng thay cho at / on / in + which; there.
N (place) + where + clause
VD: This is the town. I was born in the town.
-> This is the town in which / where I was born.
Do you know the village? He lived there.
-> Do you know the village where he lived?
Ghi chuù: Tröôøng hôïp döôùi ñaây phaûi duøng “which”
VD: This is the town. I like it best.
→ This is the town which I like best.
8. Why: lµ mét tr¹ng tõ quan hÖ chØ lý do, ®øng sau tiÒn ng÷ ‘ THE REASON’, dïng thay cho ‘ FOR THE REASON’.
VD: Does he know the reason? He left for that reason.
-> Does he know the reason why / for which he left?
9. It’s ... that / who + clause: chính … laø (caáu truùc nhaán maïnh)
VD: Peter must clean the window
-> It’s Peter who / that must clean the window.
Your dog bit the old man.
-> It was your dog that bit the old man. (khoâng ñöôïc duøng which trong tröôøng hôïp naøy)
II. Ph©n lo¹i : cã 2 lo¹i relative clauses.
1. Definite clause: (M§ x¸c ®Þnh)
- Lµ mÖnh ®Ò gióp ta nhËn ra ®Æc ®iÓm, tÝnh chÊt ®Æc biÖt cña ngêi hay vËt ®îc nãi ®Õn. NÕu ta bá chóng ®i
th× c©u kh«ng ®ñ nghÜa hoÆc kh«ng gi÷ ®îc nghÜa gèc ban ®Çu.
- LiÒn ngay tríc vµ sau mÖnh ®Ò kh«ng cã dÊu phÈy.
- That cã thÓ thay cho who vµ which trong MÑ lo¹i nµy.
VD: The man is my teacher. He’s standing overthere.
-> The man who (that) is standing overthere is my teacher.
The book is very interesting. I bought it yesterday.
-> The book which(that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.
2. Non-defining clause: (M§ kh«ng x¸c ®Þnh)
- M§ nµy chØ gi¶i thÝch thªm danh tõ ®øng tríc nã vµ cã thÓ bá ®i mµ nghÜa cña c©u kh«ng thay ®æi.
- LiÒn ngay tríc vµ sau M§ cã dÊu phÈy.
- That kh«ng ®îc sö dông trong c©u cã M§ lo¹i nµy.
VD: This hat is expensive. My sister gave it to me on my birthday.
-> This hat, which my sister gave to me on my birthday, is expensive.
- được dùng khi danh từ trước ĐTQH là tên riêng/ duy nhất/ có tính từ sở hữu/ có đại từ chỉ định: this,
that, these, those.
III. Trêng hîp ®ặc biệt
- Ta có thể ®Æt giíi tõ tríc M§QH( tríc whom, which) trong MDQH xac dinh.
 - ĐTQH làm tân ngữ trong MĐQH xác định và ko có giới từ thì có thể lược bỏ
- NÕu chñ ng÷ cña c©u lµ c¸c ®¹i tõ bÊt ®Þnh (everyone(body), someone(body), no one(body), anyone(body), something,
anything, everything, nothing) th× ta chØ dïng That lµ ®¹i tõ quan hÖ.
VD: Everything that (NOT: which) she said yesterday was not correct.
IV. D¹ng rót gän cña M§QH:
1. M§QH cã thÓ ®îc rót gän b»ng c¸ch dïng hiÖn t¹i ph©n tõ (V-ing) vµ qu¸ khø ph©n tõ (V-ed/3).
a) NÕu ®éng tõ trong M§QH ë thÓ chñ ®éng, ta dïng hiÖn t¹i ph©n tõ thay cho mÖnh ®Ò ®ã (bá ®¹i tõ quan hÖ vµ trî
®éng tõ, ®a ®éng tõ chÝnh vÒ nguyªn maãu vµ thªm -ing)
VD: The girl who sits next to you is my sister.
-> The girl sitting next to you is my sister.
Do you know the man who broke the window last night?
-> Do you know the man breaking the window last night?
b) NÕu ®éng tõ trong M§QH ë thÓ bÞ ®éng ta dïng qu¸ khø ph©n tõ thay cho mÖnh ®Ò ®ã (bá ®¹i tõ quan hÖ vµ trî
®éng tõ, b¾t ®Çu côm tõ b»ng V-ed/3).
VD: The books which was written by To Hoai are interesting.
-> The books written by To Hoai are interesting.
2. M§QH cã thÓ ®îc rót gän b»ng c¸ch dïng TO- INF (for + O + to inf)
a) M§QH cã thÓ ®îc rót gän b»ng c¸ch dïng TO- INF khi danh từ trước ĐTQH có số thứ tự first, second, third, …,/last,
next, only/ so sánh nhất.
VD: The first man who came here was Mr. Pike.
-> The first man to come here was Mr. Pike.
3. Các trường hợp khác
VD: English is an important language which we have to master.
-> English is an important language to master.
Here is a form that you must fill in.
-> Here is a form for you to fill in.
B. BÀI TẬP
Choose the best answer among A, B , C or D.
1) Genghis Khan, _________ name means “very mighty ruler”, was a Mongol emperor in the Middle Ages.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. how
2) The children _____ sang at the Mayor's parade were from the local school.
A. whose B. where C. who D. whom
3) Galileo, _____ published works proving that the Earth revolves around the Sun, continued his scientific experiments even when
he went deaf and blind.
A. when B. who C. where D. whose
4) The school programme _______ has been interrupted by revision tests requires a regular course study.
A. whose B. who C. what D. that
5) Credit ______ is given in this semester requires approximately three hours of classroom work.
A. which B. what C. when D. where
6) Two courses ______ have the same subjects are in different times.
A. that B. what C. when D. where
7) You may enroll our course by e-mail _______ can be faster than other registration forms.
A. who B. where C. which D. when
8) The girl ______ dress you admire has been working for an expo company since she left school.
A. who B. what C. whose D. whom
9) The young man ______ was released after the court was found innocent of all the charges against him.
A. who B. who he C. which D. whose
10) Is that the same film ______ we watched last year?
A. when B. which C. why D. who
11) The girl _____ I borrowed the dictionary asked me to use it carefully.
A. whose B. from whom C. from whose D. whom
12) The pupils _____ we took to the amusement park behaved themselves very well.
A. whose B. with whom C. whom D. which
13) Bournemouth, _______ we are going to visit next summer, is a real paradise for the retired.
A. that B. what C. which D. in which
14) Thatcher, ______ birthplace was above a shop in the small English town of Grantham, became Prime Minister of
Britain four years after she had become the leader of the Conservative Party in 1975.
A. where B. whose C. in which D. which
15) First jeans, ______ became fashionable for women after they saw them in Vogue magazine, were made by two
Americans, Jacob Davis and Levi Strauss.
A. that B. whose C. of which D. which
16) The first television picture _________ John Logie Baird transmitted on 25 November, 1905 was a boy ______ worked
in the office next to Baird's workroom in London.
A. which / whom B. who / which C. that / whose D. that / who
17) Felix Hoffman, a 29-year-old chemist _______ worked for the German company Bayer, invented the drug Aspirin in
April 1879.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. who
18) Joyce Bews, ______ was born and grew up in Portsmouth on the south coast of England, _______ she still lives, was
100 last year.
A. that / in which B. who / where C. that / where D. who / that
20) The pollution ______ they were talking is getting worse.
A. that B. about which C. which D. whom
21) The engineer ______ our company relies is on holiday.
A. who B. on whom C. whose D. whom
22) The dam ______ they plan to build will cover acres of forest.
A. which B. to which C. whom D. where
23) He is a talented cricket player ______ abilities include fast bowling and powerful batting.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. of which
24) Eastern Rwanda is very different from the South-west, _____ monkeys, birds and orchids thrive in the high altitude
primary forest.
A. when B. where C. which D. why
25) Wednesday is the day _________ a tour guide leads a tour around the town's historical places.
A. when B. which C. whose D. where
26) Robert Riva, an Italian ____ used to play for Cremonese, now coaches the Reigate under 11's football team.
A. when B. which C. where D. who
27) The town _________ the folk festival is taking place is usually a quiet resort.
A. when B. where C. whom D. which
28) As a celebrity ______ many children admire, it is important for her to act responsibly.
A. when B. where C. whom D. whose
29) We always hold a family barbecue in our garden on Independence Day, ______ was on a Tuesday this year.
A. what B. that C. when D. which
30) When I was at school, there was a girl in my class ______ skin was so sensitive that she couldn't expose her skin to the
sun even with cream on.
A. where B. whose C. whom D. that
31) We'll row until the spot _____ the river bends and then we'll turn back.
A. where B. when C. whose D. which
32) On the days ______ I feel I need to reflect on the past and plan my future, I sit by the river and watch the swans swim
past.
A. when B. where C. whose D. which
33) My mother's Elvis Presley tape, ________ she listened to every day, has broken in the music centre.
A. whose B. that C. where D. which
34) Unfortunately, the friend with ________ I intended to go on holiday to Side is ill, so I'll have to cancel my trip.
A. who B. whom C. where D. that
35) According to the research, the time at _____ most road accidents happen is early evening.
A. when B. which C. whose D. that
36) The new stadium, ____ will be completed next year, will seat 30,000 spectators.
A. what B. where C. when D. which
37) Blenheim Palace, _____ Churchill was born, is now open to the public.
A. when B. where C. which D. whose
38) Students _______ register for courses do not have any problems.
A. whom B. who C. what D. when
39) August 23rd is the last date ______ you may transfer to another course.
A. which B. on which C. why D. what
40) Our course needs some requirements ______ are listed here.
A. what B. when C. which D. where
41) Before coming to my office, please check the appointment ________ are listed in my official calendar.
A. that B. why C. when D. where
42) I never forget the time ____ my motorbike broke down in a very crowded street.
A. where B. what C. when D. in which
43) I couldn't remember the time ______ there was no internet.
A. what B. who C. which D. when
44) The restaurant ______ we had our dinner was the most expensive in this city.
 A. where B. which C. when D. that
45) The top model about ______ I was telling you is on TV now.
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
46) Are you the student ______ mother called me yesterday?
A. whose B. who C. that D. when
47) Mary, _____ has only been in Japan for 3 months, speaks Japanese perfectly.
A. that B. whom C. which D. who
48) Who is your daughter? She is the child ______ has long, straight hair.
A. whose B. who C. which D. when
49) I don't think my ex-girl friend will remember the day _____ we saw each other for the first time.
A. which B. on which C. at which D. why
50) August is the month ______ I always give my birthday parties.
A. which B. in which C. what D. why
51) The purse ______ she had lost last week was found yesterday.
A. which B. what C. whose D. whom
52) The old lady ______ we were travelling told us her life story.
A. of whom B. with whom C. whose D. whom
53) She says the exam, _________ she took yesterday, was full of hard s.
A. which B. of which C. whom D. of whose
54) I called my cousin, ______ is a mechanic, to fix my car, ______ was broken.
A. who/ which B. that/ all of which C. who/ all of which D. who/ what
1. I’m working on a firm………………….main office is in London.
a. which b. that c. whose d. a & b are correct
2. The company…………….employs five hundred people makes video recorders.
a. who b. that c. whom d. whose
3. My boss,……… work takes him to a lot of different countries, has decided he needs an
assistant in London.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
4. Stop him. He’s the man………………stole my wallet.
a. who b. whom c. which d. whose
5. The man…………….I saw last week said something totally differently.
a. which b. x c. that d. b & c are correct
6. The students……………for the train are good ones.
a. waited b. waiting c. which is waiting d. to wait
7. This is the seventh person…………………late.
a. coming b. to come c. come d. all are correct
8. They have invented a television set……………as small as a watch.
a. which is b. is c. who is d. whose
9. The work………….increases a lot when the boss is away is always interesting.
a. which b. whose c. that d. a & c are correct
10. The book……………..by Jack, is very famous.
a. which written b. written c. was written d. writing
11. There is only one boy……………….in this game.
a. who participating b. participated c. participating d. who can participate
12. I was introduced to a man………………brother is my teacher.
a. which b. whose c. that d. whom
1. My bother Chan is someone…………………..about sports.
A. to whom I always enjoy talking B. I always enjoy talking to him
C. with who I always enjoy talking D. whom I always enjoy talking to him.
2. This is the book. He’s almost proud of it.
A. This is the book which he’s almost proud of. B. This is the book which he’s almost proud.
C. This is the book of which he’s almost proud. D. A & C are correct.
3. She gave us lots of suggestions……….we must think.
A. about that B. about which C. that D. which
4. The historical facts………….this document bases are very worth considering.
A. about which B. for which C. at which D. on which
5. He is the actor about …………. I often tell you.
A. that B. who C. whom D. him
6. The song …………. I listened last weekend was boring.
A. to that B. to which C. for what D. for which
 7. That’s the girl to …………. my brother got engaged.
A. which B. who C. whom D. her
8. I don’t know the reason …………. she hasn’t talked to me recently.
A. on which B. for which C. of which D. about which
9. The little girl …………. I borrowed this pen has gone.
A. whose B. from who C. from that D. from whom
10. The speech …………. we listened last night was information.
A. to which B. which to C. to that D. that
11. The boy to …………. I lent my money is poor.
A. that B. who C. whom D. B and C are correct
12. The knife …………. we cut bread is very sharp.
A. with that B. which C. with which D. that
1. Do you know the man about ____ they’re talking?
A. whom B. where C. that D. who
2. Where is the girl ____ sells tickets?
A. who B. whose C. whom D. A&C are correct
3. I need to find a painting ____ will match the rest of my room.
A. W B. whom C. who D. which
4. What’s the music to ____ you are listening?
A. whose B. which C. whom D. that
5. This is Mr Jones, with ____ I have worked.
A. which B. who C. whom D. B&C are correct
6. The man ____ she is married to is an engineer.
A. W B. who C. whom D. all are correct
7. I cannot talk to Mary, ____ you met last summer.
A. which B. All are correct C. that D. whom
8. I can answer the s ____ are very difficult.
A. which B. whom C. who D. W
9. This is Mr Jones, with ____ I have worked.
A. which B. W C. whom D. B&C
10. This school is only for children ____ are in this village.
A. who B. that C. which D. A & B
11. Tom, next to ____ I sat in the flight from Chicago to HCM city.
A. that B. whom C. which D. W
12. Have you found the bike …………….
A. which you lost? B. you lost? C. that you lost? D.all are correct
13.The beef…………………… was really delicious.
A.which we had for lunch B.we had it for lunch C. A-D D. we had for lunch
14 The little girl has gone. I borrowed this pen from her.
A. The little girl from whom I borrowed this pen has gone.
B. The little girl from which I borrowed this pen has gone.
C. The little girl from I borrowed this pen has gone.
D. The little girl, from whom I borrowed this pen, has gone.
15. I will read the book____________________________.
A. which you gave me it last month. B. you gave me last month.
C. that you gave me it last month. D. you gave me it last month.
16. I like Paris,..................
A. in which my sister is living B. which my sister is living in C. in that my sister is living D. A and B
17.I like the ring …………..
A. Mary is wearing B. which Mary is wearing C. A-B D. which Mary’s wearing it
13. We have apartment ____ the park.
A. overlooking B. overlooks C. to overlook D. overlooked
14. He was the last person ____ in this way.
A. to kill B. who killed C. being killed D. to be killed
15. Nellie Ross of Wyoming was the first woman _____ as the governor in the United State.
A. who elected B. to be elected C. was elected D. her election as
16. She is the only in the discussion ____ to using nuclear power.
A. objects B. objected C. to object D. whom objects
17. Johnny was the last applicant ____ for a position in that energy station.
A. to interview B. interviewing C. to be interviewed D. which is interviewed
18. The instructions ____ by Professor Johnson helped us know more about the danger of energy pollution.
 A. that explained B. explained C. explaining D. which explained
19. The house________ 40 years ago is still in good condition.
A. which built B. to build C. built D. building
20. .I like the food________ by my mother.
A. was cooked B. cooked C. which cooked D. cooking
21. .Linda was the last student________ at the oral exam.
A. to be asked B. asking C. asks D. to ask
1.The only man………..by the police is a clown.
A. caught B. catching C. to catch D. to be caught
2. The envelop ……. on the table has no stamp on it.
A. lied B. lying C. to ly D. lies
3. Benzene, …………. by Faraday, became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes, perfumes and explosives.
A. Discovers B. Discovered C. to Discover D. Discovers
4. My grandmother,…………with you yesterday, never goes out of the house.
A. talked B. talking C. to talk D. talks
5. The student don't know how to do exercise ………….. yesterday.
A. giving B. given C. to give D. to be given
6. The first diagram ……… were sent to Sir Humphry Davy at the end of 1812.
A. made B. making C. to make D. to be made
7. The gentleman………….next door to me is a well-known orator.
A. lived B. living C. to live D. live
8. All the astronauts…………..the earth in space capsules are weightless.
A. lived B. living C. to live D. live
9. All students …………in their papers will fail in the exam.
A. not handing B. don’t handing C. not handed D. not hand
10. I saw the largest house in our city…………by the storm.
A. destroyed B. to be destroyed C. destroy D. destroying
11. The street………… last week is very wide.
A.upgrade B. upgrading C. to upgrade D. upgrades
12. The system ………….here is very successful
A. used B. using C. to use D. use
13. John, ………….. my son, is my neighbor.
A. taught B. teaching C. to teach D. teach
14. Trains………..from this station take an hour to get to London.
A. leftB. leaving C. to leave D. leaves
15. The second candidate…………..for the exam is from Vietnam.
A. sit B. sat C. to sit D. sitting
16. We are driving on the road……….in 1980.
A. built B. building C. to build D. build
17. The worst Customers………….about the service should see the manager.
A. complaining B. complained C. to complain D. to be complained
18. The biggest city …………during the war has now been rebuilt.
A. destroyed B. destroying C. to be destroyed D. to destroy
19. My brother,…………..you yesterday, works for a big firm.
A. meeting B. met C. to meet D. meet
20. The vegetable …………in this shop are grown without chemicals.
A. sold B. selling C. to sell D. sells
21. The man is my teacher . I am grateful to him .
A. The man whom I grateful to him is my teacher . C. The man is my teacher who I am grateful .
B. The man whom I am grateful to is my teacher D. The man to him I am grateful is my teacher .
22. Ngoc is friendly . We are talking about her .
A. Ngoc , we are talking about , is friendly . C. Ngoc , about her we are talking , is friendly .
B. Ngoc, whom we are talking about is friendly D. Ngoc , about whom we are talking, is friendly
23. The problems ______they are discussing at the meeting are very important.
A. who B. which C. Ø D. both B and C
24. Michael told me about students _______have just got the scholarship .
A. which B. Ø C. who D. whose
25. The ring ______ is made of gold and diamond.
A. she is wearing it B . he gave it to her C. Linda like D. she is wearing
26. The house ______ is situated in the city centre .
A. which B. we have just bought C. in where we live D. which we live
27. That is the student . I borrowed his book last week .
A. That is the student I borrowed whose book last week. C. That is the student , whose book I borrowed last week
B. The student whose book I borrowed that is . D. That is the student whose book I borrowed last week
28. We like the computer . We bought it yesterday.
A. We like the computer which we bought it yesterday C. We like the computer we bought yesterday.
B. We like the computer we bought which yesterday D. The computer we like we bought yesterday .
29. My bother Chan is someone…………………..about sports.
A. to whom I always enjoy talking B. I always enjoy talking to him
C. with who I always enjoy talking D. whom I always enjoy talking to him.
31. The professor who taught me English came from Australia.
A. The professor taught me English came from Australia.B. The professor teaching me English came from Australia
C. The professor be taught me English came from Australia.D. The professor to be taught me English came from Aus.
32. The last person that leaves the room must turn off the lights.
A. The last person to turn off the lights must leaves the room.B. The person who turn off the lights must leaves the room.
C. The one who turns off the lights in the room is the last person.D. The last person to leave the room must turn off the lights.
33. The house is not in good condition.we are living in it
A. The house we are living in it is not in good condition B. The house we are living in is not in good condition C. The
house which we are living in it is not in good condition . D. The house we are living in which is not in good condition .
34. The old man was so delighted. He got a promotion yesterday.
A. The old man ,who got a promotion yesterday,was so delighted .
B. The old man which got a promotion yesterday was so delighted .
C. The old man getting a promotion yesterday was so delighted .
D. The old man who gets a promotion yesterday was so delighted .
35. Peter took the report. It has no statistics.
A. Peter took the report, which has no statistics.B. Peter took the report that have no statistics.
C. Peter took the report to have no statistics. D. the report which Peter took has no statistics.
\

6. THE PASSIVE VOICE

(DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG)

A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. General rule:
S +V + O +…

S + BE + V3/ED …. by + O.
(chia theo thì cuûa caâu chuû ñoäng)
She usually takes my car.
→ My car is usually taken by her.
He has sent his son to another school.
→ His son has been sent to another school.
II. Active  passive:
Active Passive
V0/s/es am / is / are + V3/ED
1
VD: She cleans the house every day. -> The house is cleaned every day.
V2/ed was / were + V3/ED
2
VD: They broke the window. -> The window was broken.
am/ is / are + Ving am/ is /are + being + V3/ED
3
VD: He is telling a story. -> A story is being told.
was / were + Ving was / were + being + V3/ED
4
VD: She was making a cake. -> A cake was being made.
has / have + V3/ED has / have + been + V3/ED
5
VD: They have bought a book. -> A book has been bought.
had + V3/ed had + been + V3/ed
6 VD: We had built the house before 2000. -> The house had been built before
2000.
7 will / would will / would
can / could + V0 can / could + be + V3/ED
 may / might may / might (nguyeân maãu)
must must
VD: You must do this work. -> This work must be done.
be going to be going to
have to + V0 have to + be + V3/ED
used to used to (nguyeân maãu)
8
like to like to
continue to continue to
VD: I have to throw this letter. -> This letter has to be thrown.
have + sb + V0 + sth have + sth + V3/ED + .. + (by +sb)
9
VD: I have him repair my car. -> I have my car repaired.
get + sb + to + V0 + sth get + sth + V3/ED + .. + (by sb)
ask (chæ ñöôïc duøng ‘get’)
10
tell
VD: I tell him to clean the floor. -> I get the floor cleaned.
give given
bring brought
buy + sb + sth sb + be + bought + sth
11
lend lent
show shown
VD: She gave me a book. -> I was given a book.
give given
bring brought
buy + sth + prep + sb sth + be + bought + prep + sb
12
lend lent
show shown
VD: She gave me a book. -> A book was given to me.
see seen
hear + O + Ving s+ be + heard + Ving
13
smell smelt
VD: I saw him stealing the book. -> He was seen stealing the book.
see seen
hear + O + V0 s + be + heard + to + V0
14
smell smelt
VD: I saw him steal the book. -> He was seen to steal the book.
make + O + V0 s + be + made + to + V0
15
VD: They made me work hard. -> I was made to work hard.
let + sb + v0 + sth sb + be + allowed + to + V0
16 sb + be + let + V0
VD: They let me go. -> I was let go./ I was allowed to go.
sb + need + to +V0 + sth sth + need + ving/ to be V3/ED
want
17
VD: You need to wash the car. -> The car needs/ wants washing/ to be
washed.
18 S1 (People/they) + say + (that) + S2 + V …. : noùi raèng
think : nghó raèng
believe : tin raèng
report : thoâng baùo
rumour : ñoàn ñaïi
assume : thöøa nhaän
VD: They think that he is a billionaire.
-> It + be + said + (that) + S2 + V ….
thought
believed
reported
rumoured
assumed
-> It is thought that he is a billionaire.
 (Or) -> S2 + be + said + to + V0 (töông ñoàng, xaûy ra sau)
thought to + have + V3/ED (xaûy ra tröôùc)
believed
reported
rumoured
assumed
-> He is thought to be a billionaire.
VD: People say that he is a spy.
→ It is said he is a spy.
→ He is said to be a spy.
They think that Peter died.
→ It is thought that Peter died.
→ Peter is thought to have died.
B. BÀI TẬP VỀ DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG
II. Choose the correct answer.
1. "What a beautiful shirt you're wearing!"
"Thank you. It ............... especially for me by my mother."
A. is made B. has made C. made D. were made
2. I don't understand why the students didn't keep silent while the speech ............
A. has been made B. was made C. would be made D. was being made
3. This is the first time I have seen this car. Where ..................?
A. did it make B. did it made C. was it make D. was it made
4. Today, many serious childhood diseases .................... by early immunization.
A. are preventing B. can prevent C. prevent D. can be prevented
5. Whole-grain food products …………….. in most large supermarkets across the United States and Canada.
A. now can purchase B. can now be purchased C. now to purchase D. the purchase of which
6. All that rubbish will have to be ............. at once.
A. get rid of B. got rid of C. got rid of D. getting rid of
7. "What happened to the postman?" "He ...................... to a new town to work."
A. has sent B. was send C. was sent D. sent
8. Excuse me. Is this seat..................?
A. painting B. paint C. being painted D. being paint
9. There’s somebody walking behind us. I think ................... .
A. we are following B. we are being followed C. we are followed D. we are being following
10. We’re late. The film .................. by the time we get to the cinema.
A. will already start B. will be already started C. will already have started D. will be starting
11. I still can not believe it. My bicycle .................. some minutes ago.
A. was stolen B. was stealing C. stolen D. stole
12. Some students .................. in the accident yesterday.
A. died B. was died C. were died D. die
13. The children’s arm was swollen because he .................. by a bee.
A. stung B. had stung C. had been stung D. had being stung
14. I .................. with you on that subject.
A. am agree B. am agreed C. agreeing D. agree
15. Many U.S automobiles .................. in Detroit, Michigan.
A. manufacture B. have manufactured C. are manufactured D. are manufacturing
16. When I came, an experiment .................. in the lab.
A. was being holding B. has been held C. was being held D. has held
17. 5 Yatches .................. in the Pacific up to now.
A. have been sunk B. have sunk C. are sinking D. sink
18. Last night a tornado swept through Rockvill. It ............. everything in its path.
A. destroyed B. was destroyed C. was being destroyed D. had been destroyed
19. Dynamite ................... by Alfred Bernard Nobel.
A. have been invented B. invented C. was invented D. was being invented
20. .................. this work .................. before you went to Moscow?
A. Will/ have been done B. Has/ been done C. Will/ be done D. Had/ been done
21. If you .................. about it, will you be able to answer?
A. are asked B. ask C. will be asked D. asked
22. Do you believe that such a problem can ...................?
A. solve B. be solving C. is solved D. be solved
23. “ Can’t we do something about the situation?”- “ Something ........ right now.”
A. is doing B. is do C. is being done D. has been doing
24. The university .................. by private funds as well as by tuition income.
A. is supported B. supports C. is supporting D. has supported
25. This picture .................... by Johnny when I came.
A. painted B. was painted C. was being painted D. had been painted
26. It must .................. without delay.
A. do B. have been done C. be doing D. be done
27. This exercise may .................. with a pencil.
A. be written B. be to write C. be writing D. write
28. The money .................. to him 2 months ago, but it .................. back yet.
A. was lent/ had not been given B. has been lent/ was not given
C. was lent/ has not given D. was lent/ has not been given
29. She could easily .................. for a top model.
A. be mistaken B. have mistaken C. been mistaken D. to be mistaken
30. My shirt .................. by my sister on my last birthday.
A. gave B. was given C. had been given D. was being given
31. He broke my watch.
A. My watch were broken. B. My watch be broken. C. My watch is broken. D. My watch was broken.
32. The teacher explained the rule to the student.
A. The rule was explained to the student. B. The students were explained the rule.
C. The students were explained to the rule. D. A and B are correct
33. He often asks me to help him.
A. He is often asked to help them. B. They are often asked to help me.
C. I am often asked to help him. D. I am often asked him to help me.
34. His friends never forgave his betrayal.
A. His betrayal were never forgiven by his friends. B. His betrayal was never forgiven by his friends.
C. His betrayal was never forgave by his friends D. His betrayal never forgave by his friends.
35. I am sure we’ll settle the matter easily.
A. I’m sure the matter will settle easily. B. I’m sure the matter will be settled easily.
C. I’m sure the matter will settled easily. D. I’m sure the matter won’t be settled easily.
36. the police have arrested the suspective.
A. The suspective has been arrested by the police B. The suspective have been arrested by the police
C. The suspective has arrested by the police D. The suspective was arrested by the police
37. They don’t publish this book.
A. This book is published. B. This book doesn’t be published.
C. This book isn’t published. D. This book was published.
38. Have they tested all the machines?
A. Have all the machines be tested? B. Have all the machines been testing?
C. Have all the machines been tested? D. Have all the machines been being testing?
39. Does he realize that they are laughing at him?
A. Is he realized that he is laughing at? B. Is he realized that he is being laughed at?
C. Does he realize that he is laughing at? D. Does he realize that he is being laughed at?
40. The manager offers me several jobs.
A. I was offers several jobs. B. I am offered several jobs.
C. Several jobs are offered to me. D. B and C are correct.
1. They think that he has died a natural death.
A, It is thought that he has died a natural death. B, They thought that he died a natural death.
C, He is thought to have died a natural death. D, A & C are correct
2. They say that John is the brightest student in class.
A, They said that John is the brightest student in class.
B, They said that John to be the brightest student in class.
C, John is said to be the brightest student in class.
D, It is said that John to be the brightest student in class.
3. Does he realize that they are laughing at him?
A. Is he realized that he is laughing at? B. Is he realized that he is being laughed at?
C. Does he realize that he is laughing at? D. Does he realize that he is being laughed at?
4. The manager had me do several jobs.
A. I was offers several jobs. B. I am offered several jobs.
C. Several jobs are offered to me. D. the manager had several jobs done
5. We found that they had cancelled the soccer match.
A. We found that the soccer match had been cancelled.
B. The soccer match had been cancelled.
C. The soccer match was found that had been cancelled.
D. The soccer match was found to have been cancelled by us.
6. They saw him search the truck.
A. He is seen searching the truck. B. He is seen to search the truck.
C. He was seen to search the truck D. He was being seen searching the truck.
7.His parents made him do it.
A. He was made do it. B. He was made to do it.
C. He made his parents to do it D. His parents were made do it.
8. I get him to cut my hair.
A. My hair has already been cut now. B. I’ve got to have the barber cut my hair.
C. I get my hair cut D. I’ve had my hair cut.
9.People say that the American women are used to living independently means
A. It is said that the American women are used to living independently.
B.The American women are said to be used to living independently.
C.The American women are said they be used to live independently.
D.A & B are correct
10.People think that he was born in a rich family.
A. That is thought he was born in a rich family. B. He was thought to be born in a rich family.
C. That he was born in a rich family is thought.D. He is thought to have been born in a rich family.
11.the teacher makes us study hard in next term
A, we are made studied hard in next term B, we is made to study hard in next term
C, we were made to study hard in next term D, we are made to study hard in next term
12. They say that the president arrived in the city.
A. The president is said to have arrived in the cityB. It is said that the president arrive in the city.
C. The president is said to arrive in the city. D. It was said that the president arrived in the city.
13. He expects that his father will come back home.
A. It was expected that his father will come back home.
B. His father was expected to be come back home.
C. His father will be expected to come back home.
D. His father is expected to come back home.
14. They say that he is all right .
A. He says he was all right. B. They are said him was all right .
C. He is said to be all right. D. He is said to have been all right .
15. the boss let us go home early last week.
A, we are let go home early by the boss last week.
B, we were let go home early by the boss last week
C, we were allowed to go home early by the boss last week
D, B& C are correct
15. They think that the prisoner escaped by climbing over the wall.
A. The prisoner is thought to escape by climbing over the wall.
B. The prisoner is thought escaped by climbing over the wall.
C. The prisoner is thought having escaped by climbing over the wall.
D. The prisoner is thought to have escaped by climbing over the wall.
16. the teacher is watching the students do the test
A, the students is being watched doing the test B, the students is being watched do the test
C, the students are being watched to do the test D, all are correct
17. They believe that the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
A. The thieves are believed to have got in through the kitchen window.
B. The thieves are believed to get in through the kitchen window.
C. They believe the thieves got in through the kitchen window.
D. They believe the thieves have got in through the kitchen window.
18. They report that over 200,000 people were killed in the tsunami.
A. Over 200,000 people are reported to have been killed in the tsunami.
B. Over 200,000 people are reported to be killed in the tsunami.
C. Over 200,000 people are reported to have killed in the tsunami.
D. Over 200,000 people are reported to kill in the tsunami.
19. We found that they had cancelled the game.
A. We found that the game had been cancelled. B. The game had been cancelled.
C. we found that the game had been cancelled by them. D. The game were found to be cancelled
 20. we got her to clean the floor.
A, We got the floor cleaned B, We got the floor to have cleaned
C, She was got to clean the floor D, A & C are correct
21. he makes me love him more.
A, I am made to love him more B, I am made love him more
C, I was made to love him more D, all are correct
22. open your book,please!
A, your book be opened by someone. B, someone opened your book
C, let your book be opened. D, let your book opened.
23. don’t throw the pen up!
A, The pen be threw up B, don’t let the pen be thrown up C. Let the pen be thrown up D. throw the pen up
1. He likes people to call him “sir”.
o A. He likes to be called “sir”.
o B. He likes calling “sir”.
o C. He likes to be called him “sir”.
2. He didn’t request the police to find his car.
o A. He didn’t request his car to be found by the police.
o B. He didn’t hope to find his car.
o C. A&B
3. I had her sweep the floor yesterday.
o A. I had the floor sweep yesterday.
o B. The floor had swept yesterday.
o C. I had the floor swept yesterday.
4. I got her to sweep the floor yesterday.
o A. I got the floor sweep yesterday.
o B. I got the floor swept yesterday.
o C. A&B
5. Don’t open your book.
o A. Don’t let your book be opened.
o B. Don’t let the book open.
o C. I don’t open the book.
6. Don’t do exercise.
o A. I hate exercise.
o B. Don’t let exercise be done.
o C. A&B
7. I persuaded everyone to repair the car.
o A. I persuaded the car to be repaired.
o B. I should persuade everyone to repair the car.
o C. The car should be repaired.
8. I got him to do exercise yesterday.
o A. I got exercise do yesterday.
o B. I got exercise done yesterday.
o C. A&B
9. I had her do exercise yesterday.
o A. I had exercise done yesterday.
o B. I had exercise doing.
o C. I have exercise yesterday.
10. He didn’t expect her to do his housework.
o A. She didn’t expect him do his exercise.
o B. He has his homework.
o C. He didn’t expect his homework to be done.

7. MODAL VERBS
(MỘT SỐ ĐỘNG TỪ KHIẾM KHUYẾT CƠ BẢN)

A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. Modal verbs + V0 (dùng trong tình huống ở hiện tại)
1. MAY (có lẽ (sẽ), có thể (sẽ)): dùng để thể hiện:
- yêu cầu/ sự xin phép lịch sự
VD: May I borrow your pen?
- sự suy đoán ít chắc chắn
VD: - Where is John? - He may be at the library.
- sự cho phép
VD: You may take my car as long as you return it before tomorrow.
2. MIGHT (có lẽ, có thể): dùng để thể hiện:
- sự suy đoán nhưng ít chắc chắn hơn MAY
VD: - Where is John? - He might be at the library. (But less sure than “He may be at the library.)
- sự xin phép/ cho phép (ít thông dụng bằng MAY)
VD: Might I sit here?
3. MUST (phải, chắc chắn phải): dùng để thể hiện:
- sự bắt buộc (chúng ta cũng có thể dùng HAVE TO)
VD: You must be here before 8 o’clock.
I have to do this work now.
- sự suy đoán có căn cứ (gần như chắc chắn)
VD: Mary keeps crying. She must have some problems.
4. MUSTN’T (không được): dùng để diễn tả sự cấm đoán
VD: You mustn’t smoke here.
5. SHOULD = OUGHT TO = HAD BETTER (nên): dùng để thể hiện sự khuyên bảo
VD: It’s late. You’d better/should/ought to hurry up.
6. NEEDN’T (không cần phải): dùng để diễn tả sự không cần thiết
VD: I washed my car yesterday. You needn’t wash it again.
7. CAN (có thể, có khả năng): dùng để thể hiện:
- khả năng (chúng ta cũng có thể dùng AM/IS/ARE ABLE TO)
VD: He can play the guitar.
He is able to speak 3 languages.
- yêu cầu, sự xin phép
VD: Can you help me?
Can I have a glass of water, please?
- lời đề nghị được giúp đỡ
 VD: I can post this letter for you.
8. WILL (sẽ): dùng để thể hiện:
- yêu cầu
VD: Will you turn on the light, please?
- lời đề nghị được giúp đỡ
VD: I will lend you some money.
- lời hứa, sự đe dọa
VD: I promise I will be on time tomorrow.
Give me all your money or I will kill you.
II. Modal verbs + have + V3/ED: (dùng trong tình huống quá khứ)
1. MAY/ MIGHT/COULD + HAVE + V3/ED (có lẽ đã): dùng để:
- thể hiện một sự phỏng đoán ở quá khứ
VD: Tom came late yesterday. He may have missed the train.
- nói rằng điều gì đó đã có thể xảy ra ở quá khứ nhưng đã không xảy ra (chỉ dùng “might” hoặc “could”, không dùng
“may”)
VD: You were stupid to climb that tree. You might have killed yourself.
2. MUST + HAVE + V3/ED (chắc chắn đã), CAN’T/COULDN’T HAVE + V3/ED (chắc chắn đã không): dùng để thể
hiện 1 sự suy luận có căn cứ ở quá khứ
VD: Those shoes you bought are very nice. They must have been expensive.
You can’t have been at the swimming pool yesterday. The swimming pool was closed all day yesterday.
3. SHOULD + HAVE + V3/ED/ OUGHT TO + HAVE + V3/ED (có lẽ đã…): dùng để diễn tả:
- 1 mong muốn điều gì đó xảy ra nhưng chúng ta không biết là nó đã có xảy ra hay không
VD: They should have arrived by now. (But I don’t know if they have arrived.
- 1 mong muốn điều gì đó xảy ra nhưng nó đã không xảy ra
VD: They should have arrived by now, but they aren’t there yet.
4. NEEDN’T + HAVE + V3/ED (không cần phải): dùng để nói rằng ai đó đã làm điều gì đó, nhưng điều đó là không cần
thiết – là 1 sự lãng phí thời gian
VD: I needn’t have told Kate the news. She already knew. (= It was not necessary to tell Kate, but I did.)
5. USED TO + V0 (thường, đã từng): dùng để diễn tả:
- 1 thói quen ở quá khứ mà bây giờ đã kết thúc (thường)
VD: When I was young, I used to cry.
- 1 sự việc ở quá khứ mà bây giờ không còn nữa (đã từng)
VD: I used to live in London, but I moved in 2000.
6. WOULD (thường): dùng để diễn tả 1 thói quen ở quá khứ (= used to)
VD: When we were children, we would go swimming in the river near our house.
II. PHẦN BÀI TẬP
1Thomas received a warning for speeding. He _____ so fast.
a. shouldn’t have driven c. should have
b. would have driven d. might have driven
1) The photos are black. The X-ray at the airport _____ them.
a. should have damaged c. would have damaged
c. would damage d. must have damaged
2) Tom didn’t do his homework, so the teacher became very angry. He _____ his homework.
a. must have done b. should have done
c. might have d. will have done
3) My car stopped on the high way. It _____ out of gas.
a. may run c. must have run
b. may have run d. should have run
4) Robert _____ Japan. I saw him at a coffee yesterday.
a. could have gone c. can’t have gone
b. should have gone d. musn’t have gone
5) “Where do you think Rooney is today?”. “I have no idea. He _____ at the camp.”
a. should be c. may be
b. must be d. can be
6) Berbatov painted his bedroomblack. It looks dark and dreary. He _____ a different color.
a. had to choose c. must have chosen
b. should have chosen d. could have been choosing
7) The children _____ “thank you” to you when you gave them their gifts.
a. will have said c. should have said
b. must say d. should say
8) Jeanette did very badly on the exam. She _____ harder.
 a.must have studied c. could have studied
b. should have studied d. must studied
9) He was very lucky when he fell off the ladder. His finger bled. He _____ himself.
a. could have hurt c. must have hurt
b. should have hurt d. will have hurt
10) Marcela didn’t come to class yesterday. She _____ an accident.
a. should have had c. must have had
b. might have d. may have had
11. I have done this math problem at least twenty times, but my answer is wrong according to the answer key. _______
a. The answer in the book should be wrong!
b. The book needn't have a wrong answer.
c. There is a wrong answer in the book.
d. The answer in the book must be wrong!
12. _______ We have still got plenty of food.
a. You should have bought some more to eat.
b. You needn't have gone to the supermarket.
c. We must have bought some more food.
d. May I go to the supermarket?
13. John passed his exam with a distinction. _______.
a. He was too lazy to succeed b. He can't have studied very hard
c. He must have studied very hard d. He needs studying harder
14. _______. We got there far too early.
a. We needn't have hurried b. We should hurry up
c. Hurry up or we will be late d. We must have walked hurriedly
15. Peter has been working for 10 hours. He _______ be very tired now.
a. needn't b. must c. has to d. should
16. I _______ find my own way there. You _______ wait for me.
a. should / can't b. have to / must c. can / needn't d. might / mustn't
17. I was reading the book last night before I went to bed. I never took it out of this room. It ____ be lying around here
somewhere. Where ___ it be?
a. might / needn't b. can / should c. shouldn't / may d. must / can
18. When you have a small child in the house, you _______ leave small objects lying around. Such objects _______ be
swallowed, causing serious injury or even death.
a. should / must b. should not / might
c. needn't / may d. mustn't / can't
19. Frank's wallet is lying on the coffee table. He _______ it here last night.
a. must have left b. should have left
c. must be leaving d. needn't leave
20. Jenny's engagement ring was precious! It _______ have cost a fortune.
a. must b. should c. can d. needn't
21. You _______ take your umbrella along with you today. It _______ rain later on this afternoon.
a. ought to / mustn't b. needn't / will
c. will / must d. should / might
22. I _______ be at the meeting by 10:00. I will probably _______ take a taxi if I want to be on time.
a. must/ have to b. may / must c. should / needn't d. mustn't / shouldn't
23. You _______ forget to pay the rent tomorrow. The landlord is very strict about paying on time.
a. needn't b. mustn't c. do not have to d. may not
24. The television isn't working. It _______ during the move.
a. should have been damaged b. needn't be damaged
c. must have been damaged d. ought not be damaged
25. I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
a. must b. mustn't c. need d. needn’t
26. John failed again. He _______ harder.
a. must have tried b. should have tried c. can tried d. may have tried
27. _______ I borrow your lighter for a minute? - Sure, no problem. Actually, you _______ keep it if you want to.
a. May / can b. Must / might c. Will / should d. Might / needn’t
28. I do not mind at all. You _______ apologize.
a. shouldn't b. needn't c. mustn't d. oughtn't to
29. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He _______ exhausted after such a long flight now.
a. must be b. must be being c. must have been d. should have been
30. The lamp _______ be broken. Maybe the light bulb just burned out.
 a. should not b. might not c. must not d. will not
31. It is a top secret. You _______ tell anyone about it.
a. mustn't b. needn't c. mightn't d. won't
32. We have plenty of time for doing the work. We _______ be hurried.
a. needn't b. shouldn't c. mustn't d. mayn't
36. He said that he _________ enter the examination room because he was late.
A. mustn’t B. couldn’t C. needn’t D. might not
37. “__________ taking me downtown on your way to work this morning?” – Not at all.
A. Can you B. Why don’t you C. Could you please D. Would you mind
38. You haven’t eaten anything since yesterday afternoon. You ______ be really hungry!
A. must B. might C. will D. can
39. “Why are you so late?” – I _________ take my aunt to the airport. The traffic was terrible!”
A. might B. could C. had to D. should
40. I wonder who drank all the milk yesterday. It _____ have been Mary because she was out all day.
A. can’t B. must C. could D. needn’t
41. Susan ___________ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
A. might not B. couldn’t C. can’t D. mustn’t
42. Ted’s flight from Britain took more than 11 hours. He _____ be exhausted after such a long flight.
A. had better B. can C. must D. should
43. You ___________ do the job if you didn’t speak Japanese fluently.
A. couldn’t B. can’t C. won’t be able to D. needn’t
44. You ________ forget to pay the rent tomorrow. The landlord is very strict about paying on time.
A. don’t have to B. mustn’t C. couldn’t D. can’t
45. It’s a school rule. All the students _________ wear a uniform.
A. have to B. might C. must D. need
46. Passengers _______ smoke until the signs have been switched off.
A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. mightn't
47. We must obey the traffic laws. Otherwise, we __________ be punished.
A. will B. might C. should D. need
48. This is the key. You _________ forget to take it with you when going out.
A. should B. have to C. mustn’t D. needn’t
49. You _________ introduce me to Dr. Gray. We have already met.
A. shouldn’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. couldn’t
50. “I have got a headache.” – “You _________ go to see the doctor.”
A. may B. could C. should D. might
51. I _______ be at the meeting by 10:00. I will probably _______ take a taxi if I want to be on time.
a. must/ have to b. may / must c. should / needn't d. mustn't / shouldn't
52. You _______ forget to pay the rent tomorrow. The landlord is very strict about paying on time.
a. needn't b. mustn't c. do not have to d. may not
53. The television isn't working. It _______ during the move.
a. should have been damaged b. needn't be damaged
c. must have been damaged d. ought not be damaged
54. I am not deaf. You _______ shout.
a. must b. mustn't c. need d. needn’t
55. John failed again. He _______ harder.
a. must have tried b. should have tried c. can tried d. may have tried
56. _______ I borrow your lighter for a minute? - Sure, no problem. Actually, you _______ keep it if you want to.
a. May / can b. Must / might c. Will / should d. Might / needn’t
57. I do not mind at all. You _______ apologize.
a. shouldn't b. needn't c. mustn't d. oughtn't to
58. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He _______ exhausted after such a long flight now.
a. must be b. must be being c. must have been d. should have been
59. The lamp _______ be broken. Maybe the light bulb just burned out.
a. should not b. might not c. must not d. will not
60. It is a top secret. You _______ tell anyone about it.
a. mustn't b. needn't c. mightn't d. won't
61. We have plenty of time for doing the work. We _______ be hurried.
a. needn't b. shouldn't c. mustn't d. mayn't
62. Keep quiet. You _______ talk so loudly in here. Everybody is working.
a. may b. must c. might d. mustn't
63. John is not at home. He _____ go somewhere with Daisy. I am not sure.
 a. might b. will c. must d. should
64. _______ I have a day off tomorrow? - Of course not. We have a lot of things to do.
a. Must b. Will c. May d. Need
65. The computer _______ reprogramming. There is something wrong with the software.
a. must b. need c. should d. may
66. _______ I be here by 6 o'clock? - No, you _______.
a. Shall/mightn't b. Must / needn't c. Will / mayn't d. Might / won't
67. If I had gone white water rafting with my friends, I _______ down the Colorado River right now.
a. should have floated b. must be floating
c. would be floating d. would have been floating
68. You _______ touch that switch, whatever you do.
a. mustn't b. needn't c. won't d. wouldn't
69. Susan ___ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
a. mustn't b. couldn't c. can't d. needn't
70. You _______ be rich to be a success. Some of the most successful people I know haven't got a penny to their name.
a. needn't b. couldn't c. mayn't d. mustn't
71. - Oh no! I completely forgot we were supposed to pick Jenny up at the airport this morning.
- She _______ there waiting for us
a. needn't sit b. might still sit c. must still be sitting d. should have sat
73. You have to do your homework every day.
A. Your homework has been done every day.
B Your homework has to do by you every day.
C Your homework has to be done every day.
D Your homework have to be done every day.
74. You shouldn’t tell her the news. It might kill her.
A. She shouldn’t be told by the news. She might be killed.
B. The news shouldn’t be told her. She might be killed.
C. She shouldn’t be told the news. She might be killed.
D. She shouldn’t been told the news. It might be killed.
75. It wasn't obligatory to submit my assignment today.
A. My assignment must have been submitted today.
B. I needn't have submitted my assignment today.
C. My assignment was required to submit by today.
D. I mustn't submit my assignment today.
76. It's time we left for the disco.
A. We may leave for the disco now. B. We needn't leave for the disco now.
C. We should leave for the disco now. D. We must have left for the disco now.
77. It was a mistake of you to lose your passport.
A. You shouldn't have lost your passport.
B. There must be a mistake in your passport.
C. You needn't have brought your passport.
D. Your passport must be lost.
78. My car keys are possibly in the kitchen.
A. My car keys should be put in the kitchen.
B. My car keys cannot be in the kitchen.
C. I don’t know whether my car keys are in the kitchen.
D. My car keys might be in the kitchen.
79. Is it possible for me to come to your house at about 7pm?
A. Must I come over to your house at about 7pm?
B. Could I be coming to your house at about 7pm?
C. Can I come to your house at about 7pm?
D. Will I come to your house at about 7pm?
80. You must never take off your helmet while you are riding a motorcycle.
A. If you are riding a motorcycle, you needn’t wear a helmet.
B. When you are riding a motorcycle, wearing a helmet is not a must.
C. You needn’t wear a helmet whenever you are riding a motorcycle
D. Helmets must be worn at all times when you are riding a motorcycle
81. I have done this math problem at least twenty times, but my answer is wrong according to the answer key.
The answer in the book should be wrong!
The book needn't have a wrong answer.
There is a wrong answer in the book.
The answer in the book must be wrong!
82. It is compulsory for the boy to take a nap
A. The boy should take a nap today. B. The boy need to take a nap today.
C. The boy may not take a nap today. D. The boy must take a nap today.
83. A: John passed his exam with a distinction. B: _______.
A. He was too lazy to succeed B. He can't have studied very hard
C. He must have studied very hard D. He needs studying harder
84. I often get up early in the morning.
A. I’m used to getting up early in the morning
B. I’m used to get up early in the morning.
C. I used to get up early in the morning
D. I used to getting up early in the morning.
85. It is not obligatory to hand in the paper today.
A. we must hand in the paper today.
B. we needn’t hand in the paper today.
C. We should hand in the paper today.
D. We musn’t hand in the paper today.
86. The carpet still needs cleaning.
A. The carpet has been cleaned. B. The carpet hasn’t cleaned yet.
C. The carpet has not been cleaned. D. The carpet has cleaned.
87. I prefer going out for a meal to staying at home.
A. I’d like to go out for a meal.
B. Going out for a meal is very interesting.
C. I’d rather go out for a meal than stay at home.
D. Staying at home is more boring than going out for a meal.
88.He should have listened to your advice.
A. It was essential that he listen to your advice but he didn't.
B. It was likely that he could have listened to your advice.
C. I was guess he might have taken your advice.
D. He needn’t have listened to your advice.
89. I’m sure that they had practiced hard for the games as they won a lot of medals.
A. They couldn’t have practiced hard for the games as they won a lot of medals
B. They must have practiced hard for the games as they won a lot of medals
C. They shouldn’t have practiced hard for the games as they won a lot of medals
D. They might have practiced hard for the games as they won a lot of medals.
90.You shouldn't have allowed them to watch too much TV.
A. You were wrong to let them watch too much TV.
B. You allowed them to watch too much TV which is wrong.
C. It was not necessary to allow them to watch too much TV.
D. Watching too much TV is not good for them.
91.Cheating is not allowed in the GCSE .
A. You may cheat in the GCSE.
B. You musn’t cheat in the GCSE
C. You don’t have to cheat in the GCSE
D. You should cheat in the GCSE
92.It is necessary to do your homework everyday.
A.You needn’t do your homework everyday.
B. You must do your homework everyday.
C. You shouldn’t do your homework everyday.
D. You are able to do your homework everyday.
93.It isn’t necessary for you to finish the report by Sunday.
A. You don’t have to finish the report by Sunday. B. You might finish the report by Sunday.
C. You must finish the report by Sunday. D. You can’t finish the report by Sunday.
94. She probably buys this house next week.
A. She may buy this house next week B. She must buy this house next week
C. She should buy next house next week. D. She doesn’t have to buy this house next week.
95.Perhaps the thief will be arrested today.
A. The thief should be arrested today. B. The thief can’t be arrested today.
C. The thief may be arrested today. D. The thief mustn’t be arrested today.
96. We are required to get a visa for Singapore.
A. We must get a visa for Singapore. B. We need get a visa for Singapore.
C. We mayget a visa for Singapore. D. We should get a visa for Singapore.
97. There is no need for you to redecorate your room.
A. You needn’t redecorate your room
B. You didn’t have to redecorate your room.
C. You didn’t need to redecorate your room.
D. You mustn’t redecorate your room.
98. Maybe my parents will shout at me when I come home late.
A. I must be shouted by my parents when I come home late.
B. I shouldn’t be shouted by my parents when I come home late.
C. I may be shouted by my parents when I come home late.
D. I can’t be shouted by my parents when I come home late.
99. You are not permitted to use your mobile phone during the test.
A. You should use your mobile phones during the test.
B. You may use your mobile phone during the test.
C. You mustn’t your use mobile phones during the test.
D. You needn’t your use mobile phones during the test.
100. My children are possibly in the living room.
A. My children will be playing in the living room.
B. My children cannot be in the kitchen.
C. I do not know whether my children are in the living room.
D. My children might be in the living room.
101. It is obligatory for people in this area to wear facemasks whenever they go out in public places.
A. People in this area needn't wear facemasks whenever they go out in public places.
B. People in this area might wear facemasks whenever they go out in public places.
C. People in this area should wear facemasks whenever they go out in public places.
D. People in this area have to wear facemasks whenever they go out in public places.
102. It is necessary for the local authority to impose social distancing on this infected area.
A. The local authority can impose social distancing on this infected area.
B. Social distancing needs imposing on this infected area.
C. Social distancing should be imposed on that infected area.
D. The local authority may impose social distancing on this infected area.
103. It is required by law that those who are in close contact with covid-19 are isolated.
A. Those who are in close contact with covid-19 may be isolated.
B. Those who are in close contact with covid-19 should be isolated.
C. Those who are in close contact with covid-19 will be isolated.
D. Those who are in close contact with covid-19 must be isolated.

8.GERUND AND INFINITIVES

(Danh động từ (V-ing) và động từ nguyên mẫu)

A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. Gerund (V-ing)
Danh ñoäng töø coù caáu truùc gioáng nhö hieän taïi phaân töø (töùc laø ñoäng töø theâm “-ing”)
VD: talking, learning, cutting, lying…
Danh ñoäng töø, nhö teân goïi, laø ñoäng töø duøng nhö danh töø. Danh ñoäng töø chuû yeáu ñöùng ôû vò trí, vaø thöïc
hieän chöùc naêng cuûa moät danh töø trong caâu. Nó có các cách dùng sau:
1. Làm chủ ngữ của câu
VD: Swimming is good for our health.
Being friendly will bring you friends.
2. Làm tân ngữ của câu
VD: These boys like swimming.
My brother practises speaking English every day.
3. Làm bổ ngữ cho chủ ngữ của câu
VD: My hobby is swimming.
Seeing is believing.
4. Làm tân ngữ cho giới từ (sau giới từ)
VD: He is fond of swimming.
She is interested in learning English.
5. Duøng trong caâu ngaên caám ngaén (short prohibition) hoaëc ñeå thaønh laäp danh töø keùp (compound noun)
VD: No smoking.
No talking, please.
a swimming pool (bể bơi)
a dining room (phòng ăn)
a washing machine (máy giặt)
6. Duøng sau tính töø sôû höõu:
VD: Please forgive my coming late.
His driving carelessly often causes accidents.
7. Duøng sau moät soá ñoäng töø vaø moät soá caùch dieãn ñaït nhaát ñònh
Ñoäng töø hoaëc cuïm ngöõ ñi vôùi gerund:

admit : thöøa nhaän * permit : cho pheùp

* allow : cho pheùp postpone : trì hoaõn
anticipate : lieäu tröôùc practise : luyeän taäp
* advise : khuyeân resent : phaät yù, oaùn
appreciate : ñaùnh giaù cao recollect : hoài töôûng
avoid : traùnh risk : lieàu lónh
be worth : ñaùng (ñöôïc) spend : duøng, traõi qua
can’t help : khoâng theå traùnh suggest : gôïi yù, ñeà nghò
complete : hoaûn thaønh * teach : daïy
consider : xem xeùt, cân nhaéc tolerate : chòu ñöng, tha thöù
defer : hoaõn laïi understand : hieåu
delay : trì hoaõn it’s no use/ good: voâ ích
deny : phuû nhaän have trouble/ difficulty: gaëp khoù khaên
dislike / detest : khoâng thích look forward to : mong moûi
encourage : khuyeán khích contribute to : ñoùng goùp
enjoy : thích dedicate/ devote onself to : taän tuïy
escape : thoaùt khoûi with a view to : vôùi yù ñònh
fancy : thích be busy: baän roän
finish : hoaøn thaønh waste one’s time : laõng phí thôøi gian
forgive : tha thöù can’t help: không thể không
encourage : khuyeán khích can’t bear: không thể chịu được
imagine : töôûng töôïng can’t stand: không thể chịu nỗi
involve : bao goàm, lieân quan be worth: đáng
keep : giöõ there’s no point (in): vô ích
mention : ñeà caäp
miss : boû lôû
mind : khoâng ngaïi

VD: She admitted stealing his money.

This job involves meeting people.
Do you enjoy going to the beach?
Lưu ý: Các từ dấu (*) nếu có tân ngữ thì dùng to infinitive
VD: She allows her son to go out at night.
My parents don’t allow going out at night
II. To-infinitive (Động từ nguyên mẫu có to)
Ñoäng töø nguyeân maãu có to (VD: to do, to learn, to help, to advise…) ñöôïc duøng trong nhöõng tröôøng hôïp sau:
1. Laøm S, O hoaëc boå ngöõ (complement) trong caâu:
VD: To conceal the truth from her was foolish. (làm S của câu)
He wanted to become a spaceman. (làm O của câu)
What he asked for is to be left alone. (làm bổ ngữ của câu)
2. Laøm boå nghóa cho danh töø (MĐ quan hệ rút gọn):
VD: He was the first man to leave the room. (= He was the first man who left the room)
English is an important language to master. (= English is an important language which we have tot master)
3. Laøm traïng töø dieãn taû caùc noäi dung sau:
- Muïc ñích cuûa haønh ñoäng
VD: He went to the station to meet her.
 He bought a dictionary to study English.
- Keát quaû, haäu quaû (sau too +Adj / Adv)
VD: She is too tired to go for a walk.
The box was too heavy for her to carry.
- Hieäu quaû (sau Adj / Adv + enough)
VD: I’m strong enough to carry that heavy box.
He isn’t rich enough to travel everywhere by taxi.
- Sau tính từ
VD: It is interesting to learn English.
4. Duøng sau moät soá ñoäng töø nhaát ñònh
Động từ theo sau là to infinitive:
1. afford: đủ khả năng 27. long : khao khát
2. agree: đồng ý 28. intend :dự định
3. aim : nhắm vào 29. manage : xoay sở
4. appear: dường như 30. need : cần
5. arrange: sắp xếp 31. offer: ngỏ ý
6. ask : yêu cầu 32. omit: không làm tròn, quên
7. attempt : cố gắng 33. ought : phải
8. be : phải 34. plan : vạch kế hoạch
9. be dying : khao khát 35. prepare: chuẩn bị
10. beg: van nài 36. pretend : giả vờ
11. can’t wait: không thể đợi 37. promise: hứa
12. care: muốn 38. prove : chứng tỏ
13. choose : lựa chọn 39. refuse : từ chối
14. claim : công bố 40. seek : cố gắng
15. dare : dám 41. seem : dường như
16. decide: quyết định 42. swear: thề
17. demand : yêu cầu 43. tend : có khuynh hướng
18. expect : mong mỏi 44. threaten: đe dọa
19. fail : thất bại 45. train: luyện tập
20. get : bắt đầu (biết) 46. turn out : hóa ra (là)
21. grow : to gradually begin to do sth 47. undertake :nhận làm, cam kết
22. guarantee : bảo đảm 48. used : đã từng
23. have : phải 49. want : muốn
24. hesitate: chần chừ 50. wish : ao ước
25. hope: hy vọng 51. would like : muốn
26. learn : học 52. would prefer: thích

VD: She decided to go to university.

They threatened to kill him if he resisted.
The woman turns out to be my friend’s mother
You’ll like her once you get to know her.
5. Duøng sau moät soá ñoäng töø coù O (verb + obj + to inf) nhö : advise, allow, ask, beg, encourage, expect, forbid,
force, help, invite, order, permit, persuade, prefer, remind, teach, tell, want, warn …
VD: They don’t allow us to smoke in the office.
I taught myself to play the guitar.
III. Bare Infinitive (động từ nguyên mẫu không to)
Ñaây laø ñoäng töø nguyeân theå khoâng ñi keøm vôùi to (infinitive without to) vaø ñöôïc söû duïng trong caùc
tröôøng hôïp sau:
1. Duøng sau caùc ñoäng töø khieám khuyeát (Modal verbs) (can, could, may, might, must, ought to…)
VD: You may go now.
They must finish the work by now.
2. Duøng sau caùc ñoäng töø : have (nhờ vả), let (cho phép), make (khiến, bắt), help và các động từ chỉ giác quan như:
see, watch, hear, notice, observe, spot (nhận ra), smell, feel
VD: I helped the child tidy his desk.
He had a painter paint the gate.
They let him enter the room without a ticket.
My parents make me go to bed early.
We heard them sing all morning.
He saw the thief enter the hall.
Chuù yù: V-ing coù theå ñöôïc duøng cho caùc ñoäng töø chỉ giác quan treân ñeå dieãn taû haønh ñoäng ñang tieáp
dieãn. Coøn ñoäng töø nguyeân theå duøng trong tröôøng hôïp naøy chæ haønh ñoäng ñaõ hoaøn taát.
VD: I watched them playing football for a while. (traän ñaáu vaãn ñang tieáp dieãn)
I watched them play football yesterday afternoon. (xem toaøn boä traän ñaáu)
3. Duøng sau BUT, EXCEPT vôùi nghóa “ngoaïi tröø”
VD: Why don’t you do anything but complain?
She agreed to do everything but help him with the homework.
IV. Một vài lưu ý
1. Ñoâng töø theo sau laø V-ing hay to-infinitive không làm thay ñoåi nghóa

* begin / start : baét ñaàu hate : gheùt

can’t bear : khoâng theå chòu ñöïng like : thích
can’t stand : khoâng theå chòu ñöïng love : yeâu
continue : tieáp tuïc neglect : lô laø
dread : kinh sôï prefer : thích hôn

VD: She began working / to work on the project.

They continues going/ to go.
Nếu begin / start ở dạng V-ing thì theo sau là: to infinitive.
VD: It is beginning to snow. (not: It is beginning snowing)
2. Động töø theo sau laø V-ing hoaëc to-infinitive làm thay ñoåi nghóa
a) Remember + V-ing : nhôù laïi vieäc ñaõ thöïc hieän.
VD: I remember posting the letter.
Remember + to-infinitive : nhôù ñeå thöïc hieän.
VD: I remember to post the letter.
b) Stop + V-ing : ngöng thöïc hieän vieäc ñang laøm.
VD: She stopped mending the dress.
Stop + to-infinitive : ngöng laøm moät vieäc gì khaùc ñeå laøm vieäc naøy.
VD: He stopped to have a drink.
c) Try + V-ing : thöû laøm vieäc gì .
VD: I try writing in blue ink to see if my handwriting is better.
Try + to-infinitive : coá gaéng laøm vieäc gì.
VD: They tried to work as hard as they could.
d) Mean + V-ing : mang yù nghóa/ có nghĩa là
VD: Failure in the exam means having to learn one more year.
Mean + to-infinitive : döï ñònh laøm vieäc gì.
VD: He means to take the coming exam.
e) Forget + V-ing : queân ñieàu gì ñaõ xaûy ra.
VD: I forgot telling her this story.
Forget + to-infinitive : queân laøm ñieàu gì.
VD: I forgot to tell her about this.
f) Regret + V-ing : hoái tieác vieäc ñaõ xaûy ra.
VD: She regrets going to a village school.
Regret + to-infinitive: Lấy laøm tieác phảiõ laøm vieäc gì.
VD: I regret to say that she can’t come tonight.
B. BÀI TẬP
Chän ph¬ng ¸n ®óng ®Ó hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau:
1. We are looking forward _____ you again soon.
A. to see B. to seeing C. saw D. have seen
2. My mother was afraid to let the boy _____ the tree.
A. to risk climbing B. to risk to climb C. risk climbing D. risk to climb
3. I remember _____ but he said I did not.
A. to buy him a book B. buy him a book C. buying him a book D. to have bought him a book
4. Remember _____ john a present . today is his birthday.
A. send B. to send C. sent D. sending
5. I suggest _____ some more mathematical puzzles.
A. do B. to do C. doing D. done
6. Would you mind _____ the door?
A. open B. to open C. opening D. opened
7. You should give up _____ or you will die of cancer.
A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. smoked
 8. The driver stopped _____ a coffee because he felt sleepy.
A. have B. to have C. having D. had
9. That old man tried to stop _____ because of his bad health.
A. smoke B. smokes C. smoked D. smoking
10. There is nothing prevent us from______ the mystery of that palace.
A. discover B. discovery C. discovering D. discoveries
11. Mr. Thomas does not allow people_____ in his office.
A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoked D. smoking
12. We are not allowed _____ in that restricted area.
A. to enter B. enter C. entering D. to entered
13. You had better _____ at home until you feel better.
A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed
14. The machine needs_____ .
A. B and C are correct B. to be repaired C. repairing D. to repair
15. I couldn’t help _____ when I heard the story.
A. laughing B. to laugh C. laughed D.laugh
16. Peter usually help his mother ______.
A. to do housework B. do housework C. with housework D.all are correct
17. She used that money _____ a new car.
A.buy B. buying C. to buy D. for buying
18. Can you manage_____ ______ the report in the morning?
A. finishing / to write B. to finish / writing C. finishing / writing D. to finish / to write
19. Rex hotel was the best place for us _____.
A. stays B. staying C. to stay D. stay
20. You can’t stop me from _____ what I want.
A. doing B. do C. to do D. that I do
21. I must go now. I promise _______ late.
A. not being B. not to be C. to not be D. I won’t be
22. Do you want ______ with you or do you want to go alone?
A. me coming B. me to come C. that I will come D. that I come
23. I’m sure I locked the door. I clearly remember _____ it.
A. locking B. to lock C. to have locked D. to be locked
24. She tried to be serious, but she couldn’t help ______.
A. laughing B. to laugh C. that she laughed D. laugh
25. I like _____ the kitchen as often as possible.
A. not cleaned B. clean C. to clean D. that I clean
26. He tried to avoid ______ my .
A. answering B. to answer C. answer D. how to answer
27. Could you please stop _______ so much noise?
A. to make B. make C. to have make D. making
28. I enjoy ______ to music.
A. listen B. to listen C. listening D. listened
29. Have you finished ______ your hair yet?
A. wash B. washed C. washing D. to wash
30. If you walk into the road without looking, you risk _____ knocked down.
A. been B. to be C. be D. being
31. Jim is 65, but he isn’t going to retired yet. He wants to carry on _____.
A. to work B. work C. works D. working
32. I’ve put off _____ the letters so many times. I really must do it today.
A. write B. to write C. written D. writing
33. I remember …………………. to Paris when I was a very small child.
A. to be taken B. to take C. being taken D. taking
34. What a stupid thing to do! Can you imagine anybody _____.
A. being B. be C. to be D. were
35. Sarah gave up ______ to find a job in this country and decided to go abroad.
A. apply B. to apply C. applying D. application
36. Suddenly he stopped the car in order ______.
A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. has smoked
37. I can’t bear ______this dirty room.
A. seeing B. to see C. seen D. saw
38. The plants want………………………daily.
 A. to water B. watering C. to be watered D. being water
39. Have you considered _____ to live in another country?
A. going B. to go C. gone D. goes
40. Cathy suggested _____ to the cinema.
A. went B. not to go C. not go D. going
41. They caused her _____ a lot.
A. cried B. crying C. to cry D. cry
42. Paula quit _____ alcohol three years ago.
A. to drink B. drank C. being drunk D. drinking
43. We must do something. We can’t go on _____ like this.
A. to live B. living C. life D. live
44. My mother rarely allows me _____ things for myself.
A. to buy B. bought C. buy D. buying
45. She admitted _____ the money.
A. to steal B. steals C. steal D. having stolen
46. It was late, so we decided ______ a taxi home.
A. to take B. taken C. taking D. was taken
47. Simon was in a difficult situation, so I agreed _______ him some money.
A. lend B. lending C. to lend D. lender
48. It was a nasty memory. Do you remember both of us wearing sunglasses to avoid ----- by the supervisors?
A. to recognize B. to be recognized C. recognizing D. being recognized
49. How old were you when you learnt ______ ?
A. how to drive B. how driving C. how drive D. how drivers
50. I waved to Karen but I failed ______ her attention.
A. to be attracted B. to attract C. attracting D. attracted
51. We decided ______ because of the bad weather.
A. not going out B. not to go out C. not go out D. not gone
52. She always encouraged her son _____ .
A. to jog B. jogged C. is jogging D. jogging
53. People should avoid……………in the rush hour.
A. driving B. drive C. to drive D. driven
54. She saw somebody…………….through the window.
A. jump B. jumps C. to jump D. jumped
55. It was so kind of you……………me………………the problem.
A. help/ solve B. to help/ solving C. to help/ solve D. help/ to solve
56. Her mother will never let you…………….her daughter.
A. married B. marry C. to marry D. marrying
57. They have just finished……………their hiking trip tomorrow.
A. to planning B. to plan C. planning D. plan
58. We all agree……………..you whenever you are in need.
A. help B. helping C. to help D. helped
59. He said he would rather…………home than go to that terrible party.
A. staying B. stayed C. stay D. to stay
60. My close friend often prefers…………….to……………on weekends.
A. fishing/ dancing B. fishing/ danceC. fish/ dancing D. fish/ dance
61. What would you like……………when you have some free time?
A. do B. doing C. to do D. done
62. Do you still remember……………..me for the very first time in Ha Noi?
A. to meet B. meet C. meeting D. met
63. The exam is coming so the teachers make their students…………..a lot.
A. study B. to study C. studying D. studied
64. Gagarin was the first man……………into space.
A. flew B. flying C. to fly D. flown
65. He forgot ………..the door when he went out. Someone broke in and stole everything.
A. to lock B. locking C. locks D. lock
66. We will spend two days……………..Ha Long Bay, then return to Hanoi.
A. visit B. to visit C. visiting D. will visit
67. The police made him………..his luggage.
A. opening B. to open C. opens D. open
68. My parents sometimes allow me…………out at weekends.
A. going B. to go C. go D. goes
69. Jack had garage…………..his car.
 A. repair B. repaired C. to repair D. repairs
70. This coffee is too hot for me……………
A. to drink B. drinking C. drunk D. drink
71. He understood how…………….his boss.
A. to please B. please C. pleases D. pleasing
72. Last night, she found it difficult……………..him truth.
A. tell B. telling C. to tell D. told
73. He noticed two thieves_______ out of a shop.
a. to come b. are coming c. coming d. came
74. When will he be allowed to go home? When will they_______?
a. let him go b. let to go c. leave him to go d. leave him
75. The guide encouraged the tourists_______ the Prado Museum Madrid
a. visit b. to visit c. visiting d. to visiting
76. Our house needs_______
a. to paint b. to be painting c. to be paint d. painting
77. Do you want _______ by the doctor?
a. to examine b. to be examined c. being examined d. being to examine
78. We have to go ................ this morning.
A) shopping B) shopped C) being shopped D) to be shopped
79. He spent hours trying ..................... the clock.
A) repair B) to repair C) repairing D) repairs
80. It’s no use ............................. for her arrival.
A) wait B) to wait C) waiting D) waits
81. Is there anything worth ................... here?
A) buy B) to buy C) buys D) buying
82. The biologist doesn’t allow us ..................... in the laboratory.
A) smoke B) to smoke C) smoking D) smoked
83. Would you mind ....................... your address on the back of this check?
A) write B) to write C) writing D) written
84. I don’t enjoy .................... to the dentist’s.
A) go B) to go C) going D) goes
85. I don’t regret .......................... her what I thought even if it upset her.
A) to tell B) told C) tell D) telling
86. Remember ........................ Katie my greeting card when you see him.
A) give B) to give C) giving D) gave
87. My friends has given up ...................... and prefers ..................... pork.
A) drink/ eat B) to drink/ eating C) drinking/ eating D) drank/ eat
88. I had to ask the boys .......................... ................................. billiards all the day.
A) to stop/ playing B) to stop/ to play C) stopping/ playing D) stops/ to play
89. My teacher promised ................... me .......................... for my next examination.
A) help/ prepare B) to help/ prepare
C) helping/ to prepare D) helped/ preparing
90. I would like him ......................... ............................ more English lessons.
A) to start/ take B) to start/ taking C) starting/ take D) starting/ taking
91. I hate .......................... ................. aloud without ....................... the new words.
A) practise/ reading/ learn B) to practise/ to read/ to learn
C) to practise/ reading/ learning D) practises/ reading/ to learn

9. CONJUNCTIONS
 (LIÊN TỪ)
A. LÝ THUYẾT
Từ Nghĩa Từ Nghĩa
Từ nối chỉ kết quả when khi / thì
so vì vậy while trong khi
Therefore vì vậy until / till cho đến khi
Thus vì vậy as soon as ngay khi
Hence vì vậy before trước khi
consequently, vì vậy after sau khi
as a result, kết quả là Since kể từ khi
so … that (so + adj/adv +
quá … đến nỗi … by the time vào lúc
that)
such … that (such + adj +
quá … đến nỗi … As Khi
noun + that)
Từ nối chỉ lí do even when ngay cả khi
because (+ 1 mệnh đề) bởi vì Từ nối chỉ sự kết luận
since (+ 1 mệnh đề) bởi vì in conclusion, kết luận
as (+ 1 mệnh đề) bởi vì in summary, tóm lại
because of (+ 1 cụm từ) bởi vì to sum up, tóm lại
due to (+ 1 cụm từ) bởi vì Từ nối chỉ sự tương phản
thanks to (+ 1 cụm từ) nhờ vào But Nhưng
Từ nối chỉ mục đích however, tuy nhiên
so that (+ 1 mệnh đề) để (mà) on the other hand, mặc khác
in order that (+ 1 mệnh đề) để (mà) nonetheless, tuy thế mà
so as to (+ V nguyên mẫu) để (mà) nevertheless, song lẽ, dẫu vậy
in order to (+ V nguyên
để (mà) while trong khi
mẫu)
Từ nối chỉ điều kiện whereas trái lại
If nếu in contrast, trái lại
Unless trừ khi even though (+ 1 mệnh đề) mặc dù
if only giá như although (+ 1 mệnh đề) mặc dù
even if ngay cả nếu though (+ 1 mệnh đề) mặc dù
whether or not liệu có hay không despite (+ 1 cụm từ) mặc dù
in case phòng khi in spite of (+ 1 cụm từ) mặc dù
as/so long as miễn là Từ nối chỉ sự bổ sung, thêm vào
provide that miễn là And Và
or (else) nếu không furthermore, hơn nữa, vả lại
Otherwise nếu không Moreover, hơn nữa, vả lại
lỡ như, trong
in the event that in addition, thêm vào đó
trường hợp
bên cạnh, ngoài
Từ nối chỉ sự sắp xếp, liệt kê beside
ra
first(ly) thứ nhất for example, ví dụ như
second(ly) thứ hai for instance, ví dụ như
chẳng hạn/ví dụ
third(ly) thứ ba such as
như
last(ly) cuối cùng both … and … cả … và …
không những …
Next tiết theo not only … (but) also …
mà còn …
Finally cuối cùng either … or … hoặc … hoặc …
Tư nối chỉ thời gian neither … nor … không … cũng
 không …
in addition to (dùng như thêm vào đó,
at first lúc đầu
giới từ) bên cạnh
bên cạnh, ngoài
(but) later sau đó besides (dùng như giới từ)
ra
Then sau đó as well (as) cũng như
after that sau đó along with cùng với

BÀI TẬP VỀ TỪ NỐI

1. Mary jogs everyday ______ lose weight.
A. so she can B. so that she can C. because she can D. so that to
2. We’ll be late ______ we hurry.
A. if B. despite C. unless D. when
3. She failed the test ______ she studied hard.
A. although B. even though C. as D. A and B
4. You should bring an umbrella ______ it rains.
A. if B. unless C. in case D. because of
5. He went on working ______ feeling unwell.
A. although B. unless C. due to D. despite
6. They decided to go ______ the danger.
A. because B. in spite of C. although D. so
7. ______ they lost, their fans gave them a big cheer.
A. However B. In spite of C. Although D. if
8. Jane has a computer, ______ she doesn’t use it.
A. and B. since C. but D. in spite of
9. ______ we had got on the plane, it started to rain.
A. If B. While C. Before D. As soon as
10. We have to wait ______ everybody else finishes their turn.
A. when B. but C. so D. until
11. Mark heard the news on the radio _______ he was driving home.
A. while B. as C. until D. A and B
12. What are you going to do _______ graduating from university?
A. before B. after C. so D. because
13. I am not so good at English, _______ I have to practice more.
A. but B. so C. while D. despite
14. ______ the fact that she fail the exam, she didn’t look disappointed.
A. although B. despite C. in spite of D. because of
15. We didn’t go to France last summer______ we couldn’t afford to.
A. so B. when C. because D. because of
16. You can’t drive a car ______ you have a license.
A. unless B. so C. in case D. if
17. ______the flight delay, they didn’t attend the conference.
A. Because B. As C. Although D. Because of
18. The storm was so strong . _____ all the crops were destroyed.
A. However B. As a result C. Consequently D. B and C
19. Everyone thought she would accept the offer ______, she turned it down.
A. However B. So C. Too D. Moreover
20. You should look up the meaning of the new in the dictionary _____ misuse it
A. so as to B. to C. so as not to D. so that
21. The flight from New York to London was delayed ______ the heavy fog.
A. because of B. because C. so D. as a result
22. ______ the bad weather, the plan landed safely.
A. in spite B. in spite of C. despite the fact that D. though
23. It was ____ that we went for a walk.
A. a beautiful weather B. so a beautiful night C. so nice weather D. such a nice weather
24. He lighted the candle ______ he might read the note.
A. so that B. and C. because D. as a result
25. _______ his exhaustion, he won the marathon by nearly three minutes.
A. In spite B. Despite C. Although D. However
26. He has worked for the same company _____ he left school.
 A. because B. since C. then D. for
27. _______ it was raining hard, he went out without a raincoat.
A. Despite B. In spite of C. However D. Although
28. It was ____ that we went for a hike in the mountains.
A. so a nice day B. so nice day C. such nice day D. such a nice day
29. ______ I meet her, she always wears a blue dress.
A. Whatever B. However C. Whoever D. Whenever
30. Hoa was late _____ her car was broken down.
A. if B. whether C. because D. while
31. We couldn’t sleep last night _____ the noise next door.
A. although B. since C. because D. because of
32. ______ he can’t afford a car, he goes to work by bicycle.
A. Because B. Since C. As D. all are correct
33. ______ I have time, I will go with you,
A. If B. Unless C. So D. So that
34. These boys were punished ______ they went to school late.
A. in spite of B. as if C. even though D. because
35. They were sacked _____ their carelessness.
A. because B. because of C. although D. despite
36. I gave up the job, ………… the attractive salary.
a. because B. because of C. Although D. despite
37.The was very difficult; ………….. he was able to answer it.
a. unless B. yet C. otherwise D. as a result
’
38. ……… extremely bad weather in the mountains, we re no longer considering our skiing trip.
a. Due to B. Because C. Since D. Due to the fact that
39. She left him …………. she still loved him.
a. even if B. even though C. in spite of D. despite
40. He studied hard, …………. he passed the exam easily
a. though B. but C. so D. however
41. Some fish can survive only in salt water,……….others can live only in fresh water.
a. whereas B. even if C. so that D. since
42. My friend and I were tired, ………… we went home early.
a. nevertheless B. so C. however D. but
43. He goes to the post office ………… he can buy some stamps
a. because B. however C. so D. so that
44. I understand your point of view. …………, I don't agree with it.
a. However B. Although C. Therefore D. So
45. I'd better post the parcel today, ………….. it won't get there in time
a. furthermore B. if C. so D. otherwise
8. He went to work ……...... his headache.
b. despite of B. in spite of C. although D. but
46. The waiter was not very good. …………., the food was delicious.
a. Therefore B. But C. However D. Although
1: Nam was absent from class yesterday he felt sick.
A. So B. Because C. Although D. But
2: Hoa likes pizza _her sister doesn’t.
A. But B. As C. So D. Even though
3: The girl bought the shoes, _ they are very expensive.
A. If B. So C. Although D. However
4: Last night, Jane was sleeping _ Marco was watching TV.
A. When B. While C. If D. Though
5: We watched TV the whole evening _ we had nothing better to do.
A. So B. Though C. But D. Because
6: I’m not going to the party _ I know that I should.
A. Although B. Despite C. Because D. If
7: She’s not only beautiful …… smart.
A. But B. Although C. But also D. Yet
8: Many people believe him_ _ he often tells a lie.
A. Because B. In spite of C. Because of D. Although
9: The film was boring, _ we decided to go home.
A. So B. When C. But D. If
10: Jim can speak English _ Spanish fluently.
A. Also B. And C. But also D. So
11: You can come here either today _ _tomorrow.
A. Nor B. Both C. Or D. And
12 : Ram went swimming __ it was raining.
A. Even though B. In case C. Although D. So that
13. …………... it were well paid, I would accept this proposal.
A.Providing B. Unless C. But for D. If only
14: You must leave at once, _ you miss the train.
A. Otherwise B. However C. yet D. Still
15: She could not decide…… to drive ………. to jump into water.
A. Both…or B. Not only…but also C. Whether…or D. Either…or
16: ………..Marge is an honest person, I still wonder whether she’s telling the truth about the incident.
A. Though B. Since C. In spite of D. In the event that
17: The lecture was …. interesting and instructive.
A. Either B. Both C. As D. But
18: You are allowed to go out with your friends ….. you finish your homework.
A. As B. However C. Though D. As long as
19: He had to borrow money _ he could finish his education.
A. So that B. In order to C. That D. Even though
20: Nam decided to stay at home _ heavy rain.
A. Although B. Despite C. Because of D. Because
21: I could not sleep last night ….. I was really tired.
A. Despite of B. Even though C. In case D. If
22: He’s ill now _ he always stays up late playing game.
A. Since B. In the event that C. Nor D. Yet
23: I won’t leave _ you come here and pick me up.
A. If B. Though C. So D. Until
24: Justin says he’d be lonely _ _ hang out with friends.
A. Either…or B. Neither…nor C. Rather …than D. Not only…but also
25: I took a book with me on holiday, _ I didn’t read a single page.
A. For B. Yet C. So D. In case
26: the heavy traffic, I went to office on time.
A. Although B. However C. For D. In spite of
27: We all feel sad _ _ the bad news.
A. Because of B. Though C. Despite D. Unless
29: _ had she left the room they began to gossip about her.
A. Hardly…when B. No sooner… than C. Barely…when D. Whether …or
31: ……….you have a qualified certificate, you won’t get that job.
A. If B. Unless C. Even if D. For
32: I decided to leave city, come to countryside…………. find some quiet and peace.
A. So B. For C. Despite D. In order to
33: John is very rich …. his friends are extremely poor.
A. whereas B. when C. So D. Even though
34: Buying a house is expensive. It’s, _, a good investment.
A. Though B. Yet C. However D. For
35: They aren’t very generous people,…….. They have not got any friends
A. Neither B. Either C. So D. Yet
39: He failed the exam. _ _, he became very depressed.
A. So that B. As a result C. As well D. So
40: She had finished her work ………… going to bed.
A. In order to B. Therefore C. Before D. After
 41: It was _ _ a difficult exam _ I knew I wouldn’ t pass it.
A. Such…that B. So…that C. Both …and D. Whether…or
42: …………. we arrived late, all the best seats had been taken.
A. Although B. Unless C. Since D. If
43: ……..we was driving along the stress, we saw a terrible accident.
A. In case B. When C. However D. After
44: _ she can’t drive, she has bought a car.
A. In spite of B. However C. Unless D. Even though
45: We are going to the beach tomorrow _ _ it’s raining.
A. Even if B. In case C. Though D. Therefore
46: He would not be late for the train _ he forgot his luggage.
A. Even though B. Unless C. If D. But
47: I can send you the documents _ _ you would have proof.
A. So B. In order to C. In case D. So that
48: I don’t know what happened to you, and . I don’t care.
A. In addition B. So C. Furthermore D. Yet
49: I do exercise every day, _ I want to keep fit.
A. Yet B. For C. Because of D. Though
50: ……. this is the first time you are here, let me take you round.
A. But B: As C. Despite D. Unless
A. Complete each sentence using the correct conjunction
1. The sky was gray and cloudy. ………….. , we went to the beach.
A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Even though D. In spite of
2. I turned on the fan …………. the room was hot.
A. due to B. despite C. even though D. because
3. Sam and I will meet you at the restaurant tonight _ we can find a baby-sitter.
A. although B. unless C. otherwise D. only if
4. Carol showed up for the meeting ……….. I asked her not to be there.
A. even though B. despite C. provided that D. because
5. You must lend me the money for the trip. _, I won’t be able to go.
A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Otherwise D. Although
6. The road will remain safe ………….the flood washes out the bridge.
A. as long as B. unless C. providing that D. since
7. The windows were all left open………… , the room was a real mess after the windstorm.
A. Nevertheless B. However C. Consequently D. Otherwise
9. It looks like they’re going to succeed …………. their present difficulties.
A. despite B. because of C. even though D. yet
10. ……….Marge is an honest person, I still wonder whether she’s telling the truth about the incident.
A. In spite of B. Since C. Though D. In the event that
1. He got wet_______ he forgot his umbrella.
A. because of B. because C. but D. and
2. He stops working _______ heavy raining.
A. in spite of B. although C. despite D. because of
3. They have a lot of difficulties in their life _______ their poverty.
A. in spite of B. although C. because D. because of
4. Tom wakes his parents up_______ playing the guitar very softly.
A. because B. in spite of C. because of D. although
5. Nobody could hear her_______ she spoke too quietly.
A. although B. because C. because of D. in spite of
We decided to leave early _______the party was boring.
A. although B. despite C. because D. because of
6. Many people believe him__________ he often tells a lie.
A. because B. in spite of C. although D. because of
7. _______she was very hard working; she hardly earned enough to feed her family.
A. In spite of B. Because C. Because of D. Although
8. _______her absence from class yesterday, she couldn’t understand the lesson.
A. Although B. In spite of C. Because of D. Because
9. ______her poorness, she feels happy.
A. Although B. Because C. If D. In spite of
10. I was very tired. ________, I determined to walk on to the next village.
a. therefore b. however c. and d. or
11. You can come here either on Monday__________ on Friday.
a. or b. nor c. both d. and
12. He had to act immediately; ________, he would have been too late.
a. consequently b. nevertheless c. still d. otherwise
13. They said both he_________ I were to come.
a. and b. but c. or d. so
14. You must leave at once, ________ you miss the train.
a. however b. yet c. still d. otherwise
15. You need to get some job retraining. _______ it, you risk being laid off.
a. If so b. If not c. With d. Without
16. Could I have rice_______ potatoes, please?
a. but b. but also c. instead d. instead of
17. _______His denial, we knew that he was guilty.
a. Despite b. In spite c. Because d. And
1. The sky was gray and cloudy. ________, we went to the beach.
A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Even though D. In spite of
2. I turned on the fan __________ the room was hot.
A. due to B. despite C. even though D. because
3. Sam and I will meet you at the restaurant tonight ________ we can find a baby-sitter.
A. although B. unless C. otherwise D. only if
4. Carol showed up for the meeting ________ I asked her not to be there.
A. even though B. despite C. provided that D. because
5. You must lend me the money for the trip. ________, I won’t be able to go.
A. Consequently B. Nevertheless C. Otherwise D. Although
6. The road will remain safe ________ the flood washes out the bridge.
A. as long as B. unless C. providing that D. since
7. The roles of men and women were not the same in ancient Greece. For example, men were both participants and
spectators in the ancient Olympics. Women, ________ were forbidden to attend or participate.
A. nevertheless B. on the other hand C. therefore D. otherwise
8. The windows were all left open. _____, the room was a real mess after the windstorm.
A. Nevertheless B. However C. Consequently D. Otherwise
9. It looks like they’re going to succeed ________ their present difficulties.
A. despite B. because of C. even though D. yet
10. ________ Marge is an honest person, I still wonder whether she’s telling the truth about the incident.
A. In spite of B. Since C. Though D. In the event that
10. SỰ HÒA HỢP GIỮA CHỦ NGỮ VÀ ĐỘNG TỪ
Theo luaät chung moät ñoäng töø bao giôø cuõng hoøa hôïp vôùi chuû ngữ cuûa no ù- töùc laø – neáu chuû ngữ soá ít
thì ñoäng töø theo sau cuõng ôû soá ít vaø ngöôïc laïi neáu chuû ngữ soá nhieàu thì theo sau laø ñoäng soá nhieàu. Tuy
nhieân, ta haõy chuù yù 10 luaät ñaëc bieät sau:
1. Hai hay nhiều chủ ngữ số ít đựơc nối bởi liên từ AND là chủ ngữ số nhiều
VD: The boy and the girl love their parents dearly.
Tom and Mary were late yesterday.
Tuy nhieân, neáu hai chủ ngữ naøy dieãn taû moät ngöôøi, moät vaät hay moät yù töôûng chung thì ñoäng töø vaãn ôû
soá ít.
VD: Bread and butter is my daily breakfast.
 To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness in life.
2. Hai chuû ngữ ñöôïc noái vôùi nhau baèng AND maø tröôùc chuû ngữ ñaàu coù EACH, EVERY, MANY A, NO
là chủ ngữ số ít .
VD: Each boy and girl has a textbook.
No teacher and student is present.
3. Khi hai chủ ngữ ø được nối bởi OR, EITHER… OR, NEITHER…NOR…, NOT ONLY … BUT ALSO … thì
động từ hoà hợp với chủ ngữ gần nó nhất. (S2)
VD: He or you are the best student in this class.
Neither Jack nor I am willing to do that.
4. Khi hai chuû ngữ ñöôcï noái bôûi AS WELL AS, NO LESS THAN, WITH, TOGETHER WITH, ALONG
WITH thì ñoäng töø hoøa hôïp vôùi S1.
VD: John, as well as you, is responsible for this act.
Tom, with his friends, is in the car.
5. Một danh từ tập hợp (collective noun) là N số nhiều khi ngụ ý nói tới từng cá nhân tạo nên tập hợp ấy, một
nhóm gồm các cá nhân khác nhau, làm những việc khác nhau, hoặc chúng ta muốn nhấn mạnh sự khác biệt
đang diễn ra trong nhóm (liên quan đến hành vi con người ví dụ như ăn uống, ước muốn và cảm xúc) , nhưng N
vẫn là số ít nếu ta ngụ ý nói chung chung coi cả tập hợp như một đơn vị, điều này có nghĩa là mỗi thành viên trong
nhóm đều làm một việc giống nhau. Không có hành động cá nhân nào khác xảy ra trong nhóm. Mọi thành viên
đều có chung một hành động . (team, jury, committee, organization, class, herd, army, council, group, audience,
panel, board, flock, staff, choir, orchestra)
VD: The family of this dead soldier is noble.
The family go to the movies every Sunday morning.
My family is going on holiday for Christmas.
The family are doing different jobs around the house today
The herd of zebra is running for safety.
The class takes its mid-term exam today.
When the mid-term exam is over, the class start their research paper on famous artists
A pack of cats are playing in the house.
6. Khi chuû ngữ laø danh töø coù hình thöùc laø soá nhieàu nhöng nghóa laïi laø soá ít.
VD: No news is good news.
Physics is more difficult than chemistry.
Các danh từ dạng này thường là moân hoïc, theå thao, ngoân ngöõ, caùc hieän töôïng tö nhieân, teân caùc quoác gia, c¨n
beänh như: news, physics, mathematics, politics, gymnastics, phonetics, measles, mumps, rickets, the United States, the
Philippines…
7. Khi chuû ngữ laø danh töø chæ troïng löôïng, ño löôøng, giaù caû hay giaù tieàn thì ñöôïc coi laø soá ít.
VD: Ten thousand dollars is a big sum of money.
Five hundred miles is a long distance.
8. Khi chủ ngữ là đại từ bất định như: everyone(body), someone(body), no one(body), anyone(body), something,
anything, everything, nothing thì động từ theo sau phải ở số ít
VD: Nobody has opened the door.
Is everyone present ?
9. Trong caâu baét ñaàu baèng there/here thì ñoäng töø hoøa hôïp vôùi chuû ngữ theo sau noù.
VD: There stands a pagoda facing the little lake.
There were a lot of people at the meeting.
10. Động từ có chủ ngữ là đại từ quan hệ thì phải hoà hợp cùng ngôi và số với danh từ ngay trước đại từ ấy.
VD: He works for the factory which makes cars.
The man who is living near my house teaches us English.
11.Chủ ngữ là một “V-ing”/”to Vo”/ That/Wh-question +menh de -> chủ ngữ số ít.
Eg: Playing football is not easy with me.
12. The number of + danh từ -> Động từ theo sau luôn chia theo chủ ngữ số ít.
Eg: The number of addicted people has increased recently. (Số người nghiện gia tăng gần đây.)
13. A number of +danh từ -> Động theo sau luôn chia theo chủ ngữ số nhiều.
Eg: A number of good students in my class have decreased this year. (Số học sinh giỏi lớp tôi giảm trong năm nay.
14.Dựa vào danh từ đi sau cấu trúc: majority of, some of, none of, all of/No/ phân số/a lot of/plenty of/half of/ most
of :để chia động từ.
Eg: Some of my friends are very good at English.
15. hai danh từ nối với nhau bằng OF ( nghĩa sở hữu) thì dựa bào danh từ trước of ( ngược với sở hữu cách)
Eg: the yatch of the men is new.
The men’s yatch is new.
B. BÀI TẬP
1. No news -------------- good news.
A. is B. are C. were D. have been
2. There -------------- some accounts that you must check.
A. is B. are C. were D. was
3. A lot of homework -------------- me tired.
A. make B. makes C. have made D. are making
4. Not only Mr. Pike but also his sons -------------- tea.
A. likes B. like C. has liked D. liking
5. Mathematics -------------- us with many aspects.
A. helps B. help C. have helped D. helping
6. The United States -------------- of about 160 nations.
A. consists B. consist C. consisting D. have consisted
8. Both Tom -------------- Mary are students.
A. and B. nor C. or D. with
9. Plenty of milk -------------- consumed everyday.
A. are B. is C. was D. were
10. Neither you nor I -------------- responsible for the bad result.
A. are B. is C. am D. be
11. Ten thousand dollars -------------- a large sum of money.
A. are B. is C. were D. being
12. two-third of workers……..agree with the cntract.
A. don’t B. doesn’t C. is D. are
13. Both Jane and Mary, as well as John, -------------- ready for the exam.
A. is B. was C. are D. has been
14. Working for 12 hours a day -------------- her very tired.
A. make B. makes C. making D. have made
15. The number of the days in a week -------------- seven.
A. is B. was C. are D. were
16. What he told you -------------- to be of no importance.
A. seems B. seem C. is seeming D. has seemed
17. The army -------------- eliminated this section of the training test.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
18. The quality of these recordings -------------- not very good.
A. is B. are C. have D. were
19. -------------- Julia -------------- her sister are going to the party.
A. Both /and B. Neither / nor C. Either /or D. Not only / but also
20. My wife had never been to Hue, and -------------- I.
A. never have B. neither have C. neither had D. neither did
21. Each of you …… responsible for this.
A. are B. being C. is D. be
22. Bill together with his brothers …… to the beach every morning.
A. going B. goes C. are D. gone
23. Either the monitor or the athletes …… to blame for the bad result.
A. be B. are C. is D. to be
24. Everyone …… with me about my plans.
A. agree B. agreeing C. disagree D. agrees
25. Tim as well as his relatives …… safe from the hurricane.
A. be B. is C. are D. being
26. The results of Dr. Frank’s experiment …… announced on TV last night.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
27. Fifty minutes …… the maximum length of time allowed for the exam.
A. is B. be C. are D. were
28. The cost of living …… over 10% in the last few years.
A. rises B. has risen C. rose D. is rising
29. A number of sheep …… eating grass now.
 A. is B. are C. was D. were
30. Measles …… sometimes a serious disease.
A. is B. are C. being D. be
31. Making cakes and pies …… Mrs. Reed’s specialty.
A. are B. were C. is D. be
32. Plenty of milk …… consumed everyday.
A. are B. were C. is D. was
33. SARS …… an epidemic that kills many people in china.
A. are B. were C. have been D. is
34. The United States …… between Canada and Mexico.
A. lying B. lies C. lain D. lie
35.The students in the next classroom …… very loudly everyday.
A. talk B. talked C. are talking D. talks
1. Three weeks _______not enough holiday.
A. are B. were C. was D. been
2. Each of you ____ a share in the work.
A. having B. has C. to have D. have
3. A number of students ____ volunteered to the job.
A. have B. has C. to have D. having
4. Linguistics ____ out the ways in which languages work.
A. find B. finding C. to find D. finds
5. The Philippines ____ of more than 7,000 islands.
A. consist B. consisting C. consisted D. consists
6. The United Nations ____ its head quarters in New York city.
A. have B. having C. has D. to have
7. One of my neighbours ____ curious about other people’s private life.
A. being B. were C. is D. been
8. Tom doesn’t agree but the rest of us ____.
A. does B. done C. do D. doing
9. There ____ a few flowers in this garden last summer.
A. being B. were C. are D. is
10. A large number of reporters ____ at the meeting yesterday.
A. being B. were C. are D. is
11. Much progress ____ been made in recent years.
A. have B. has C. having D. to have
12. Collecting old coins and paper notes ____ one of my hobbies.
A. being B. were C. are D. is
13. The number of pupils getting poor marks since the beginning of the semester ____ appalling.
A. to be B. have been C. are D. is
14. Five thousand pounds ____ stolen in the robbery last night.
A. being B. were C. are D. was
15. Mr. Thomson with his wife and his three children ____ abroad.
A. to be B. have been C. are D. is
16. One of the girls who ____ working in this department ____ my niece.
A. is/being B. are/is C. is/are D. was/were
17. The English ____ to drink tea.
A. likes B. to like C. like D. has liked
18. Everybody ____ trying to do their best at present.
A. to be B. have been C. are D. is
19. Jim as well as I ____ always busy doing English homework.
A. am B. has been C. are D. is
20. Neither Daisy nor I ____ glad to do that.
A. am B. has been C. are D. is
21. That you take a computer course ____ very necessary.
A. am B. have been C. are D. is
22. The police ____ come to the site of the accident.
A. have B. has C. having D. to have
23. The pilot along with his passengers ____ rescued last night.
A. am B. have been C. was D. is
24. What we need most ____ books.
A. is B. were C. are D. to be
 25. My brother together with his friends often ____ in the park.
A. jogs B. jogging C. jog D. to jog
26. Neither he nor they ____ here yesterday.
A. are B. were C. is D. be
27. Either John or his children ____ breakfast each morning.
A. make B. makes C. making D. to make
28. I don’t like the hot weather. Thirty degrees ____ too warm for me.
A. was B. are C. being D. is
29. Not only a dog but also two cats ____ at home in his garage.
A. was B. are C. been D. is
30. Both a poem and a short story ____ been written by the young author.
A. has B. to have C. have D. having
15. The number of the months in a year …………twelve.
a. was b. were c. are d. is
16. The picture of the soldiers………. . back many memories.
a. will bring b. brings c. bring d. have brought
17. These pictures, as well as the photograph………. . the room.
a. brightens b. brightening c. brighten d. being brightened
18. The quality of the recordings ………. . not very good.
a. is b. are c. is being d. has been
19. This house as well as that one………. . for sale, which will you have?
a. are b. is c. have d. has
20. To what place ………either the man or his son wish to go?
a. is b. does c. do d. are
21. Twenty miles………. a long way to walk.
a. are b. was c. is d. were
22. What he told you………. . to be of no importance.
a. seems b. seem c. must seem d. have seemed
23. Mathematics………. . not always an exact science.
a. was b. are c. is d. were
24. Mr. John, accompanied by several members of the committee,………. . proposed some changes of the rules.
a. have b. has c. are d. is
25. The flock of birds…………. . circling overhead.
a. gets b. are c. is d. get
26. The levels of intoxication…………. from subject to subject.
a. has been varied b. have been varied c. varies d. vary
27. The majority of the students………. . him to be innocent.
a. was made b. believe c. makes d. make
28. A pair of the pliers………. . on the table.
a. was b. were c. put d. puts
29. The use of credit cards in place of cash………. . increased rapidly in recent years.
a. have been b. has been c. has d. have
30. Advertisements on television…………. . becoming more competitive than ever before.
a. has b. have c. are d. is
1. The number of desks in that classroom …………forty.
a. are b. be c. is d. being
2. Three-fourths of the pizzas …………been already eaten.
a. have b. are c. is d. has
3. The picture of soldiers……………back many memories
a. brings b. bring c. bringing d. are bringing
4. Three days ……………..long enough for a good holiday
a. aren’t b. isn’t c. weren’t d. not being
5. None of the boys in my class ……………volleyball.
a. play b. are playing c. plays d. were playing
6. Either my brother and I…………….meeting you at the air port tomorrow
a. are b. is c. was d. am
7. The staff at the post office ……………happy with their working condition.
a. isn’t b. wasn’t c. weren’t d. not been
8. Gymnastics ……………..an easy lesson at school.
a. is b. are c. were d. being
9. No two teams wear the same. Each team ………..a different color.
 a. wear b. wears c. have worn d. are wearing

B. Identify the one underlined word or phrase that must be changed in order to make the sentence correct
31. The professor together with his three students have been called to court.
A B C D
32. Fifty dollars seem a reasonable price to pay for that.
A B C D
33. Walking in the rain are not a good idea.
A B C D
34. The unemployed really needs to be given more help.
A B C D
35. To learn foreign languages are necessary for us to have a good job.
A B C D
36. Either you or the headmaster are handing the prizes to these gifted students at the meeting.
A B C D
37. The poor woman with her two children were seen begging in a street corner.
A B C D
38. The Chinese is very famous for their food.
A B C D
39. I love swimming which are a good sport for my health.
A B C D
40. All the books on the top shelf belongs to me.
A B C D
41. One of the biggest problems facing our society are unemployment.
A B C D
42. A few of the audience is enjoying every minute of the performance.
A B C D
43. How you got there do not concern me.
A B C D
44. What I say about these problems are my own affair.
A B C D
45. A great deal of money have been spent on the books.
A B C D
II. Choose the corect answer in the parentheses
1. Each of the students (is, are) required to take the final test.
2. None of animals at the zoo (is, are) free. All of them (is, are) in enclosures
3. A numbers of students at the university (is, are) approximately 10,000.
4. One of the chief materials in bones and teeths (is, are) calcium.
5. ( Do, does) all of the children have their books?
6. ( Do, does) all of this homework have to finished by tomorrow?
7. Why ( was,were) some of the students excutes from the examination?
8. Why ( was,were) one of the students excutes from the examination?
9. What percentage of the earth’s surface (is, are) covered by water?
10. What percentage of the people in the world (is, are) illiterate?
11. ( Do, does) any of you know the answer to that ?
12. There (isn’t, aren’t) any letters in the mail for you today.
13. There (isn’t, aren’t) any mail for you today
14. There (is, are) a lot of problem in the world
15. There (is, are) a fly in this room. Where’s the flyswatter?
16. There (is, are) over 600,000 kinds of insects in the world.
17. How many kinds of birds (is, are) there in the world?
18. Why (isn’t, aren’t) there a hospital close to those villages?
19. There (is, are) a blue pen and a yellow notebook on Sue’s book.
20. There (is, are) some pens and a notebook on Jack’s desk
21. The United States ( has,have) a population of 250 million
22. The new about Mr. Hogan (is, are) surprising
23. Massachutts (is, are) a state in the Northeastern part of the UnitedState.
24. Physics(seek,seeks) to understand the mysteries of the physical world.
25. Statistics (is, are) a branch of mathematics
26. The Statistics in that report on oil production (is, are) incorrect
27. Fifteen minutes (is, are) maximum length of time allowed for the exam.
28. Twenty dollars (is, are) an unreasonable price for the necklace.
29. Many people in the world (do,does) not have enough to eat.
30. The police (is, are) prepared in case there is a riot.
31. The English (is, are) proud, independent people.
32. English (is, are) not my native language.
33. Many Japanese ( commutes, commute) to their places of work.
34. Portugues (is, are) somewhat similar to Spainish, (isn’t, aren’t) it?
35. The poor (is, are) helped by government program
36. John, along with twenty friends (is, are) planning a party.
37. The picture of the soldiers (bring, brings) back many memories.
38. The quality of these recordings (is, are) not very good.
39. If the duties of these officers (isn’t, aren’t) reduced, there will not be enough time to finish the project.
40. The effects of ciggarette smoking ( has,have) been proven( chung minh) to be extremely harmful.
41. “ The use of credit card in place of cash ( has,have) increased rapidly in recent years.
42. living expenses in this country, as well as in many others, (is, are) at an all time high.
43. Mr. Jones, accompanied by several members of the committee, ( has,have) proposed some changes of the rules.
44. The levels of intoxication (vary, varies) from the subject to subject.
45. neither Bill nor Mary (is, are) going to play tonight.
46. Anything (is, are) better than going to another movie tonight.
Choose the corect answer in the parentheses
1. The weather in the southern states ( gets, get) very hot during the summer.
2. The result of Dr. Noll’s experiment( was,were) published in a scientific journal.
3. Bob and his friends( is,are) coming to the anniversary party tomorrow night.
4. Every man, woman, and child (is,are) protected under the law.
5. Washing the dishes (is, are) the children’ job
6. A lot of the students (is, are) already here.
7. Some of the furniture in our apartment (is, are) secondhand
8. Some of the desks in the classroom (is, are) broken.
9. At least three-quarters of that book on famous Americans (is, are) about people who lived in the 19 th century
10. One of the coutries I would like to visit (is, are) Italy.
11. Some of the cities I would like to visit (is, are) Rome and Vience
12. Each student in the class (has, have) to have a book.
13. Each student in the class (has, have) to have a book.
14. None of the students ( was,were) late today.
15. the number of students in this room right now (is, are) twenty.
16. A number of students in the class ( speaks,speak) English well.
17. There (is, are) some interesting pictures in today paper.
18. There (is, are) an incorrect statement in that newspaper article.
19. The United States (is, are) lacated in North America.
20. Economics (is, are) Don’s favourite subjects.
21. Ten minutes (is, are) more than enough time to complete this exercise.
22. Most people (likes,like) to go to the zoo.
23. Japanese (is, are) very difficult for English speakers to learn.
24. the Japanese (has, have) a long and interesting history.
25. The old in my country (is, are) cared for by their children and grandchildren.
26. This exercise on singular- plural agreement of subjects and verbs (is, are) easy.
27. The extent of Jane’s knowledge on various complex subjects ( astounds. Astound: lam kinh ngac) me.
28. The subjects you will be studying in this cource (is, are) listed in the syllabus.
29. Massachutes and Connecticut (is, are) located in New England.
 30. Only the black Widow spider, or all of the spiders in the United States, ( has,have) caused death among human being.
31. The professor and the student ( agree, agrees) on that point.
32. Each girl and boy in the sixth- grade class( has,have) to do a science project.
33. Getting to know students from all over the world (is, are) one of the best parts of my job.
34. where ( do, does) your parents live?
35. Why ( was,were) Susan and Alex late the meeting?
36. (Is, are) having the respondsibility for taking care of pets good for young children?
37. Some of the fruit in this bowl (is, are) rotten
38. Some of the apples in that bowl (is, are) rotten
39. Half of the students in the class (is, are) from Arabic- speaking countries.
40. Half of this money ( belong, belongs) to you.
41. A lot of students in the class (is, are) from Southeast Asia.
42. One of my best friends (is, are) coming to visit me next week.
43. Each boy in this class ( has,have) his own notebook.
. Correct the sentences if necessary. Check (√) s any that are already correct:
1.The Chinese has an interesting history.
2. English is one of the most popular language in the world.
3.Everybody participating in the fund-raiser are to turn in the tickets by 8.00
4. Linguistics is my major field of study.
5. There are good furniture in this showroom.
6. The cattle is grazing in the meadow.
7. The interrogation, conducted by the police officers, have lasted for several hours.
8. The tenants in the apartment next to mine is giving a party this evening.
9. The president, surrounded by secret service agents, is trying to make his way to the podium.
10. The buildings destroyed during the fire are being rebuilt at the taxpayers’ expense.
11. 20 percent of the forest have been destroyed lately.
12. The witnesses saw that most of the fire in the hills was extinguished.
13. Some of the animals from the zoo was released into the animal spreserve.
14. All of the students in the class taught by Professor Roberts is required to turn in their term papers next Monday.
15. Half of the food that we are serving to the guests are still in there frigerator.
16. We believe that some of the employees is going to be devoted to quality control.
17. It is impossible to believe that somebody actually admire that man.
18. Each of the doctors in the building needs to have a separate reception area.
19. The president felt that no one were better suited for the position of chief staff advisor.
 Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh Ms. Dung

11. WORD FORMS

(hình thức của từ - từ loại)

LÝ THUYẾT
A- MỘT SỐ CÁCH THÀNH LẬP LOẠI TỪ:
I- DANH TỪ:
1) Tiền tố: super-/under-/sur-/sub-/over- + N ---> N
supermarket siêu thị underachievement đạt dưới mức surface bề mặt
superman siêu nhân subway tàu điện ngầm overexpenditure chi tiêu quá
2) Hậu tố:
a) V + -ion/-tion/-ation/-ition/-sion ---> N
addition sự thêm vào production sản xuất conservation sự bảo tồn
repetition sự lặp lại permission sự cho phép pollution sự ơ nhiễm
b) V + -ment/-ance/-ence/-age/-ing/-al ---> N
employment việc làm attendance sự có mặt difference sự khác nhau
marriage sự kết hôn swimming việc bơi lội arrival sự đến
c) V + -er/-or/-ant/-ee/ ---> N
driver tài xế actor diễn viên nam accountant kế toán
employee người làm thuê interviewee người được phỏng vấn applicant người xin việc
d) N + -ist/-an/-ian/-ess ---> N
physicist nhà vật lý American người Mỹ librarian thủ thư
actress nữ diễn viên musician nhạc sĩ scientist nhà khoa học
e) Adj + -y/-ity/-ness/-ism/-dom/ -ship ---> N
difficulty khó khăn responsibility trách nhiệm happiness sự hạnh phúc
capitalism chủ nghĩa tư bản freedom sự tự do friendship tình bạn
3) THE + ADJ ---> NOUN
the poor, the blind, the deaf, the old, the sick, the weak,
the unemployed, the disabled, the dead, the young…
II- ĐỘNG TỪ:
1) Tiền tố:
a) dis-/mis-/re-/over-/under-/out- + V ---> V
disagree khơng đồng ý misunderstand hiểu nhầm redo làm lại
overcook nấu quá chín undersell bán rẻ hơn outweigh nặng hơn
b) en- + N/V/Adj ---> V
enable làm cho cĩ thể endanger gây nguy hiểm enrich làm giàu
2) Hậu tố:
Adj/N + -ize/-en/-ate/-fy ---> V
industrialize Công nghiệp hóa widen làm rộng ra originate bắt nguồn
beautify làm đẹp lighten làm nhẹ đi modernize hiện đại hóa
III- TÍNH TỪ:
1) Tiền tố: un-/in-/im-/ir-/il-/dis- + Adj ---> Adj
unlucky không may inexact không chính xác impossible không thể
irregular không có qui tắc illogical không hợp lý dishonest không trung thực
2) Hậu tố:
a) N + -ly/-like/-less/-ish/-y/-ful/-al/-ic/ ---> Adj
daily hằng ngày childlike như con nít treeless không có cây
selfish ích kỷ rainy có mưa peaceful hòa bình
agricultural nông nghiệp scientific khoa học successful thành công
b) V/N + -ive/-able/-ible ---> Adj
attractive hấp dẫn acceptable có thể chấp nhận defensible có thể bảo vệ
eatable có thể ăn được active năng động comprehensible có thể hiểu
IV- TRẠNG TỪ: Phần lớn: Adj + -ly ---> Adv
A. Slowly một cách chậm chạp carefully một cách cẩn thận safely một cách an tòan
B.
1. Vị trí của các loại từ trong câu

Vị trí Từ loại
Đầu câu làm chủ ngữ danh từ
Sau các động từ “be” và “become” để bổ ngữ cho 2 động từ danh từ

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này
Sau con số danh từ
Sau giới từ danh từ
Sau hình thức sở hữu cách danh từ
Sau mạo từ danh từ
Sau một số động từ thường để làm tân ngữ cho những động từ
danh từ
này
Sau tính từ danh từ
Sau tính từ sở hữu danh từ
Sau từ chỉ số lượng danh từ
Sau chủ ngữ động từ
Sau một từ thường khác động từ
Sau động từ khiếm khuyết động từ nguyên mẫu không "to"
Sau trợ động từ "do/does, did" động từ nguyên mẫu không "to"
Sau "be" tính từ
Sau các động từ chỉ cảm giác như: seem (dường như), appear
(có vẻ), feel (cản thấy), taste (có vị), look (trông có vẻ), keep
tính từ
(giữ), become (trở thành), come (trở nên), turn (chuyển thành),
go (trở nên), sound (nghe có vẻ), make (làm cho)
Trước danh từ tính từ
Giữa động từ trợ giúp và động từ chính trạng từ
Sau 1 trạng từ khác trạng từ
Sau động từ thường trạng từ
Sau tân ngữ trạng từ
Trước động từ thường trạng từ
Trước quá khứ phân từ trong câu bị động trạng từ
Trước tính từ trạng từ

B- MỘT SỐ CẤU TRÚC NHẬN DIỆN LOẠI TỪ THƯỜNG GẶP:

1.
a/ an/ the/ this/ that…
my/ her/ his…/ Mary’s + (adj) + N
many/ some/ a lot of…
Ex: She is a beautiful girl.
2. Danh từ chỉ sự đo lường, tuổi tác + (adj)
Ex: This table is two meters long. He’s twenty years old.
3. V (MAKE, KEEP, FIND…) + O ADJ
Ex: We should keep our room clean.
4. Linking verbs (be, become, feel, look, taste, sound, smell, seem, get, appear…) + ADJ
Ex: It becomes hot today.
5. Đại từ bất định (something, someone, anything, anybody, everything, nobody…) + ADJ
Ex: Do you have anything important to tell me?
6. ADV + ADJ
Ex: Your story is very interesting.
7. Hình thức hiện tại phân từ (-ING): Diễn tả nhận thức của người nói về người/việc gì đó.
Ex: That film is interesting. (Bộ phim đó hay.) (Người xem nhận thấy bộ phim hay.)
Hình thức quá khứ phân từ (-ED): Diễn tả cảm giác của người nói do người/việc gì đó đem lại.
Ex: I am confused about the . (Tôi bị bối rối về câu hỏi.) (Câu hỏi làm tôi bối rối.)
8. Trạng từ thể cách bổ nghĩa cho động từ
Ex: She drives carefully
LƯU Ý:
- Fast (nhanh), early (sớm), late (trễ), hard (chăm chỉ) vừa là tính từ vừa là trạng từ.
Ex: Jack is a very fast runner. Jack can run very fast.

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- Phân biệt: late (trễ) lately (gần đây) (= recently)

hard (chăm chỉ) hardly (hầu như không)
- Một số tính từ tận cùng –LY: friendly (thân thiện), lovely (dễ thương), lively (sống động), ...
- Trạng từ tần suất đứng trước động từ thường, sau BE, trợ động từ và modals
Ex: She doesn’t often go with him. He can seldom find time for reading.
Chọn từ/cụm từ thích hợp để hoàn thành các câu sau:
1. Taking part in the club gives me opportunities to use my ……………and knowledge.
A. create B. creation C. creativity D. creative
2. Students must send the …………….form on time for taking the entrance examination.
A. apply B. applicant C. applying D. application
3. With what my parents prepare for me in terms of education, I am ………….about my future.
A. confide B. confident C. confidence D. confidential
4. Books are still a cheap way to get information and……………. .
A. entertaining B. entertain C. entertainment D. entertainer
5. After the ……..death of her husband, Marie Curie took up his position at the Sorbonne.
A. tragic B. tragedy C. tragical D. tragically
6. On my salary we have to live as ……….as possible.
A. economy B. economically C. economic D. economical
7. In the past few years this area has become heavily…………
A. industriousB. industrialize C. industrial D. industrialized
8. Some high school students often..............in helping the disadvantaged or handicapped children.
A. participated B. participant C. participation D. participate
9. Women should be paid as …………..as men.
A. equal B. equality C. equally D. equalize
10. Although she arrived……………, we made her welcome just the same.
A. expected B. unexpectedly C. unexpected D. expectedly
11. He has been very interested in doing research on _______ since he was at high school.
a. biology b. biological c. biologist d. biologically
12. You are old enough to take _______ for what you have done.
a. responsible b. responsibility c. responsibly d. irresponsible
13. Many Vietnamese people ______ their lives for the revolutionary cause of the nation
a. sacrifice b. sacrificed c. sacrificial d. sacrificially
14. They had a ______ candlelit dinner last night and she accepted his proposal of marriage.
a. romance b. romantic c. romantically d. romanticize
15. She sent me a _______ letter thanking me for my invitation.
a. polite b. politely c. politeness d. impoliteness
16. As an _______, Mr. Pike is very worried about the increasing of juvenile delinquency.
a. educate b. education c. educator d. educative
17. He was the only _______ that was offered the job.
a. apply b. application c. applicant d. applying
18. Many people have objected to the use of animals in _____ experiments.
a. science b. scientist c. scientific d. scientifically
19. _______ is increasing, which results from economic crisis.
a. Employment b. Unemployment c. Employ d. Unemployed
20. _______! I have heard of your success in the new project.
a. Congratulate b. Congratulating c. Congratulation d. Congratulations
21. A / an _______ species is a population of an organism which is at risk of becoming extinct.
a. dangerous b. endanger c. endangered d. endangerment
22. Almost half of turtles and tortoises are known to be threatened with ____.
a. extinct b. extinction c. extinctive d. extinctly
23. They are going to _______ the pool to 1.8 meter.
a. deep b. depth c. deepen d. deeply
24. The referee had no hesitation in awarding the visiting team a _______.
a. penalty b. penalize c. penal d. penalization
25. The referee's _______ is the most important in any sport competition.
a. decide b. decisive c. decision d. decider

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26. Johnny used to be one of the most _______ athletes in my country.

a. succeed b. success c. successful d. successfully
27. The success of the 22nd SEA Games had a great contribution of many _______ volunteers.
a. support b. supporter c. supportive d. supportively
28. He was so _______ that he could not even say a word.
a. nerve b. nerves c. nervous d. nervously
29. I am really _______ in the way he talks, but the way he behaves.
a. interest b. interested c. interesting d. interestingly
30. Thanks to labor-saving devices, women have more time to take part in _______ activities.
a. society b. social c. socially d. Socialize
31. The ______ of our agriculture is important if we want to produce more food.
A. machanic B. machanical C. mechanization D. Mechanism
32. No one can predict the future exactly. Things maybe happen _____.
A. expectation B. expected C. expectedly D. Unexpectedly
33. A skilled _____ will help candidates feel relaxed.
A. interview B. interviewing C. interviewee D. Interviewer
34. Most of us would maintain that physical ____ doesn’t play a major part in how we react to the people we meet.
A. attractiveness B. Attract C. attractive D. Attraction
35. If oil supplies run out in 2050 then we need to find ____ energy souces soon.
A. alternate B. alternating C. alternative D. Altering
36. John’s ____ and efficiency at the company led to his promotion to Sales Manager.
A. punctuality B. punctual C. punctuate D. Punctually
37. John cannot make a ____ to get married to Mary or stay single until he can afford a house and a car.
A. decisive B. decide C. decisively D. Decision
38. To become a tour guide in our travel company, you need to speak English _____.
A. influency B. fluently C. fluent D. Fluency
39. Many countries’ cultural _____ is a result of taking in immigrants from all over the world.
A. diverse B. diversity C. diversify D. Diversified
40. His achievements were partly due to the _____ of his wife.
A. assistance B. assisted C. assist D. Assistant
41. Students can gain _____ benefits from learning to work together.
A. consideration B. considerable C. considering D. Considerate
42. Nowadays, it’s become ____ common to offer guests the wifi password along with a cup of tea.
A. increased B. increasing C. increasingly D. Increase
43. Some modern couples organize their marriage and work out the tasks and duties, which may gradually turn
their marriage into a business or ____ relationship.
A. contracting B. contractually C. contract D. Contractual
44. John is feeling ____ because he hasn’t enough sleep recently.
A. irritate B. irritation C. irritably D. Irritable
45. His father used to be a ____ professor at the university. Many students worshipped him.
A. distinguishing B. distinct C. distinctive D. Distinguished
46. I think the ____ thing to do is to phone before you go and ask for directions.
A. sensible B. sensibility C. sensibly D. Sense
47. Henry was a studious student. He needed no ____ to work hard.
A. encourage B. encourgaed C. encouragement D. Encouraging
48. You may find doing this job very ____. Try it!
A. relaxing B. relaxed C. relax D. Relaxation
49. Mr. Paulson has three daughters of ____ age, which concerns him much.
A. married B. marriageable C. marrying D. Unmarried
50. In Hawaii, it is ____ to greet visitors to the country with a special garland of flowers.
A. unaccustomed B. accustomed C. customary D. Customized
51. The success of the company in such a ____ market is remarkable.
A. compete B. competitive C. competitively D. Competition

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52. Travelling to ____ countries in the world enables me to learn many interesting things.
A. different B. differently C. difference D. Differ
53. Candidates are advised to dress formally to make a good ____ on job interviews.
A. impress B. impressively C. impression D. Impressive
54. It is believed that travelling is a good way to expand our ____ of the world.
A. knowledgeable B. knowledgeably C. knowledge D. know
55. Susan has achieved great ____ in her career thanks to her hard worrk.
A. success B. succeed C. successful D. successfully
56. Participating in teamwork activities helps students develop their ____ skills.
A. social B. society C. socially D. socialize
57. The more ____ and positive you look, the better you will feel.
A. confidence B. confident C. confide D. confidently
58. He was the only ____ that was offered the job.
A. applying B. application C. apply D. applicant
59. Do you think doing household chores is the ____ of the women city?
A. responsible B. responsive C.responsibility D. responsibly
60. Universities send letters of ____ to successful candidates by post.
A. accept B. Acceptance C. Acceptably D. Acceptable
61. The government is being ____ criticized in the press for failing to limit air pollution.
A. widely B. wide C. widened D. widen
62. Sometimes it can be really ____ to go hiking alone in the forest.
A. dangerously B. danger C. endanger D. dangerous
63. One ____ method for keeping our mind active is doing crossword puzzels.
A. popularity B. popularize C. popularly D. popular
64. ____ is increasing, which results from economics crisis.
A. Employment B. Unemployed C. Unemployment D. Employ
65. Western women are more ____ than Asian women.
A. depend B. independent C. independently D. dependence
66. Knocking on closed doors before entering can be a great way for children to practice ____ behaviours.
A. respecting B. respectful C. respected D. respective
67. Don’t worry. He’ll do the job as ____ as possible.
A. economizing B. economic C. economical D. economically
68. As an ____, Mr. Pike is very worried about the increasing of teenager crimes.
A. educational B. education C. educator D. educate
69. Children who are isolated and lonely seem to have poor language and ____.
A. communication B. communicate C. communicative D. Communicator
70. The atmosphere at the meeting was very ____ and everyone was on first name terms.
A. for mal B. informal C. formality D. informality
71. I have been fascinated by ____ since I was at secondary school.
A. photographer B. photography C. photograph D. photographic
72. Students are expected to write their homework slowly and ____.
A. careless B. carefully C. carelessly D. careful
73. I explained the grammar rule as ____ as I could, but many students are still confused.
A. simple B. simplified C. simplistic D. simply
74. Chemical wastes from factories are ____ that cause serious damage to species habitants.
A. pollutes B. pollutants C. pollutions D. polluters
75. The polar bear’s ____ depends on its ability to catch fish.
A. survive B. survival C. surviving D. survivor
76: Vietnamese athletes performed ____ and won a lot of gold medals.
A. excellent B. excellence C. excelently D. excel
77: Nowadays, chemicals are ____ into some fruits to reduce decay.
A. injection B. injecting C. inject D. injected

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78. Many species of plants and animals are in ____ of extinction.

A. dangerous B. endangered C. danger C. dangerously
79. The fire was caused be an ____ fault in the television.
A. electricity B. electric C. electrician D. electrical
80. Many young men prefer scuba-diving because it is ____.
A. adventure B. adventurous C. adventurously D. adventurist
81. His speech was careful and ____, but his word seemed to make no sense.
A. distinctive B. distinction C. distinct D. distinguish
82. Since drinking water is a ___ resource, we should let children know how precious it is, and teach them to
converse it.
A. limitless B. limited C. limiting D. limitation
83. The guidelines in this book can help you become a ____ speaker.
A. confide B. confident C. confidence D. self-confidence
84: We are all too ____ of traditions in our modern world, but they can have
a very strong impact on us.
A. dismissal B. dismissed C. dismissive D. dismissing
85: Many people have objected to the use of animals in ____ experiments.
A. science B. scientist C. scientific D. scientifically
86: The death of Tran Lap, the leader of a Vietnamese famous rock band called Buc Tuong, is a great ____ to his
fan.
A. losing B. loss C. lose D. lost
87: The number of higher education ____ has risen this year for the first time to more than a decade.
A. applies B. applications C. applicable D. applicants
88: With what my parents prepare for me in terms of education, I am ____ about my future.
A. confide B. confident C. confidence D. confidential
89: If you are not Japanese, so what ____ you are?
A. nationalized B. nationality C. nation D. national
90: There are regional ____ between the North and the South of Viet Nam.
A. differ B. different C. difference D. differences
91: His father used to be a ____ professor at the University. Many students worshipped him.
A. distinguishing B. distinct C. distinctive D. distinguished
92: Although David was ____ after a day’s work in the office, he tried to help his wife the household chores.
A. exhaustion B. exhaustive C. exhausting D. exhausted
94: Before you start applying for any job, you must be absolutely sure you have the right ____.
A. qualities B. qualifications C. qualifying D. qualifiers
95: When students work effectively in a _ group, they can improve their achievement and satisfaction with their
own study.
A. support B. supporting C. supportive D. supportable
96: Safety shoukd take ____ of all other matters in the workplace.
A. precede B. precedent C. preceding D. precedence
97: - A: “Are you interested in scuba -diving?” – B: “A lot. Undersea life is ____.”
A. fascinating B. fascinate C. fascinates D. fascinated

12. COMPARISIONS
(SỰ SO SÁNH)

A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. Degrees of comparison of Adj. and Adv. (Các hình thức so sánh của tính từ và trạng từ)
1. Equal dgree (so sánh ngang bằng)
S + V + as + Adj/ Adv + as + N/ pronoun (đại từ)
VD: He is as tall as his father. / Mai is as beautiful as her mother.
Cã thÓ thay ‘as’ b»ng ‘so’ trong c©u phñ ®Þnh.

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VD: Your pen is not so expensive as mine.

+ So sánh với N:
- Danh từ đếm được:
S + V + as + few N (số nhiều) + as …
Many
Ex: I have many books as my brother does.
- Danh từ không đếm được:
S+V+ as much/little + N( không đếm được) + as …
Ex: There isn’t as much water in this bottle/ as in that bottle (one)
I don’t have as much money as my brother does
- S + V + the same + noun + as + N/ Pronoun.
VD: My house is as high as his = My house is the same height as his.
Marry is as old as Tony = Marry and Tony are the same age.
2. Comparative degree (so sách hơn)
a) Short Adjectives/ Adverbs (vôùi tính töø/ traïng töø ngaén vaàn)
S + V + Adj/Adv + er + than + Noun/ Pronoun.
VD: Today is hotter than yesterday.
He runs faster than I do.
Ghi chú: Cách thêm “-er” vào tính từ ngắn vần:
- TÝnh tõ 1 ©m tiÕt tËn cïng lµ phô ©m ®¬n (trõ w, x, z), ®øng tríc là mét nguyªn ©m ®¬n th× gÊp ®«i phô
©m cuèi rồi thêm -er.
VD: big -> bigger
hot -> hotter
- TÝnh tõ 2 ©m tiÕt cã tËn cïng lµ : le, er, ow, et thì thêm -er.
VD: quiet -> quieter
clever -> cleverer
narrow -> narrower
- TÝnh tõ 2 ©m tiÕt nhng kÕt thóc b»ng mét phô ©m + “y”, ®æi “y” thµnh “i” + “er”
VD: happy -> happier.
b) Long Adjectives/ Adverbs (với tính từ và trạng từ dài vần)
S + V + more long Adj/ Adv + than + Noun/Pronoun.
VD: This chair is more comfortable than the other.
He speaks English more fluently than I do.
NhÊn m¹nh: S + V + far/ much + Adj/ Adv + er /
more + long Adj/ Adv + than + noun/ pronoun
VD: Hoa’s watch is much/ far more expensive than mine.
He reads much more rapidly than his brother.
Today is much hotter than yesterday.
So s¸nh kÐm h¬n: S + V + less + Adj/ Adv + than + noun/ pronoun
VD: My TV is less beautiful than yours.
He drives less carefully than I think.
3. Superlative degree (so s¸nh nhÊt)
a) Short Adjectives/ Adverbs (vôùi tính töø/ traïng töø ngaén vaàn)
S + V + the + short Adj/Adv + est + (N) + (in + N ®Õm ®îc sè Ýt)
VD: He is the tallest (boy/ student) in my class.
b) Long Adjectives/ Adverbs (với tính từ và trạng từ dài )
S + V + the most + long Adj/ Adv + (N) + (of + N ®Õm ®îc sè nhiÒu)
VD: Nga is the most inteligent of all the students.
c) So s¸nh kÐm nhất
S + V + the least + Adj/ Adv + (N)
VD: Those shoes are the least expensive of all.
Ghi chú: Các hình thức so sánh của một số tính từ ngoại lệ:

Adjective/ adverb Comparative Superlative

- good/ well - better - the best
- bad/ badly - worse - the worst
- many/ much - more - the most
- little - less - the least

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- far - farther/ further - the farthest (vÒ kho¶ng c¸ch)

the furthest (vÒ thêi gian)
- near - nearer - the nearest (vÒ kho¶ng c¸ch)
the next (vÒ thø tù)
- late - later - the latest (vÒ thêi gian)
the last (vÒ thø tù)
- old - older/ elder - the oldest (vÒ tuæi t¸c)
the eldest (vÒ cÊp bËc h¬n lµ tuæi t¸c)
4. So s¸nh kÐp (double comparatives):
a) ngµy cµng …/ mçi lóc mét ...... h¬n.
a.1) Víi tÝnh tõ ng¾n:
S + V + Adj + ER + and + Adj + er
VD: The weather gets warmer and warmer.
a.2) Víi tÝnh tõ dµi:
S + V + more and more + Adj
VD: She becomes more and more beautiful.
b) Cµng ngµy cµng Ýt..../ cµng ngµy cµng kÐm....:
S + V + less and less + Adj
VD: He is less and less hard-working.
c) Cµng .... th× cµng.......
c.1) Víi tÝnh tõ ng¾n:
The adj + er + S + V, the adj + er + S + V
VD: The darker it gets, the colder it is.
c.2) Víi tÝnh tõ dµi:
The more + adj + S + V, the more + adj + S + V
VD: The more beautiful she is, the more miserable her husband is.
c.3) Víi ®éng tõ:
The more + S + V, the more + S + V
VD: The more you learn, the more you forget.
Ghi chú: NhiÒu khi hai vÕ kh«ng cïng mét lo¹i tÝnh tõ dµi hay ng¾n nhng cã thÓ sö dông lÉn lén víi nhau. (có
thể kết hợp giữa c.1), c.2) và c.3) lại với nhau)
VD: The more she smiles, the more graceful she is.
d) Cµng Ýt........, th× cµng Ýt......../ Cµng kÐm.........th× cµng kÐm......
d.1) Víi tÝnh tõ:
The less + adj + S + V, the less + adj. + S + V
VD: The less difficult the lessons are, the less hard-working the students become.
d.2) Víi ®éng tõ :
The less + S + V, the less + S + V
VD: The less I live with him, the less I like him.
5. So saùnh gia bội (gaáp ñoâi, ba):
twice as + adj / adv + as ….
S + V three times as + much + N + as …
four times as + many + N + as …
half

VD: She swims twice as fast as me (I do).

He earns half as much as his wife (does).
5. Nh÷ng c¸ch nãi kh¸c cã tÝnh c¸ch so s¸nh.
a) Other .... than........: khác hơn ...
VD: I want to read other novels than these.
b) Rather than: h¬n lµ ...
VD: We want to be poor rather than rich.
c) Had better: nªn … hơn ...
VD: You’d better stay at home than go fishing.
d) Would rather: thÝch.. ..h¬n.. .
VD: We’d rather watch a film than read a book.
II. Các hình thức so sánh của danh từ
a) So sánh bằng
S + V + as + many/ much/ little/ few + noun + as + noun/ pronoun

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VD: He earns as much money as his brother.

b) So sánh hơn
S + V + more/ fewer/ less + noun + than + noun/ pronoun.
VD: I have more books than she does.
c) So sánh nhất
S + V + the + most/ least/ fewest + noun + …

+ Khi so sánh 2 vật/người , không dùng “the” trong so sánh nhất ; không dùng
“than” trong so sánh hơn thay vào đó dùng “the”
- Các cụm hay dùng: the two/ of the twins/ of the couple.
Ex: +) He is the stronger of the two.
+) There are two girls starding next to the car. The one in red is the more
attractive.
+ Để tránh lặp lại các N trước đó, người ta dùng “ that”
thay cho N số ít, “ those” thay cho N số nhiều.
BÀI TẬP VỀ SO SÁNH
I. Choose the best answer among A, B, C or D to complete each sentence.
1. Ms. Jones isn't as nice ................. Ms. Smith.
A. as B. for C. like D. to
2. The rooms in Graduate Towers are ................ Patterson Hall.
A. larger than B. larger than that of C. larger than those in D. larger than in
3. Although she is very popular, she is not ............. her sister.
A. pretty as B. as pretty C. prettier than D. most pretty than
4. Tuition at an American university runs …….... six thousand dollars a semester.
A. so high as B. as high to C. as high as D. as high than
5. Everyone looks much ................ today than they did yesterday.
A. happy B. more happily C. happily D. happier
6. Mr. Brown receives a ............. salary than anyone else in the company.
A. big B. more bigger C. bigger D. the bigger
7. The Boeing 747 is twice ................. the Boeing 707.
A. bigger than B. as bigger as C. as big as D. more bigger than
8. "Do you know that beautiful lady over there?" "Yes, that's Wanida. She's ...................... in her group.
A. more beautiful than any girl B. more beautiful than any other girl
C. so beautiful as other girl D. beautiful more than another girl
9. My young brother grew very quickly and soon he was ........... my mother.
A. more big than B. so big than C. as big as D. too big than
10. He is not ……………………tall as his father.
A. the B. as C. than D. more
11. John’s grades are ………………..than his sister’s.
A. higher B. more high C. high D. the highest
12. Deana is the …………………… of the three sisters.
A. most short B. shorter C. shortest D. more short
13. She speaks English as ………………. as her friend does.
A. good B. well C. better D. the best
14. Of the three shirts, this one is the ………………… .
A. prettier B. most prettiest C. prettiest D. most pretty
15. The baby’s illness is ………………… than we thought at first.
A. bad B. worst C. worse D. badly
16. Today is the ………………… day of the month.
A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. hottest than
17. He works more ………………….. than I.
A. slow B. slowly C. slowest D. most slowly
18. My book is as …………………. as yours.
A. good B. well C. better D. the best
19. I love you ………………….. than I can say.
A. much B. many C. more D. the most
20. It’s ……………… to go by bus than by car.
A. cheaper B. cheapest C. more cheap D. more cheaper
21. That house is ……………… one on the street.

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A. oldest B. the oldest C. old D. older

22. This hotel must be ……………… than the small one next door.
A. expensive B. more expensive C. the most expensive D. the more expensive
23. An orange is ……………… than a plum
A. more large B. more larger C. larger D. the largest
24. What is the ……………… thing you have ever done?
A. more difficult B. most difficult C. difficulty D. difficult than
25. This river is ..................... than that river.
A. narrow B. narrowest C. narrower D. most narrow
26. The test is not ………….… difficult ……………… it was last month.
A. as / as B. so / as C. more / as D. A and B
27. Peter usually drives ………………… Mary.
A. more fast B. more fast than C. faster than D. B and C
28. My brother sang ....................of all the pupils of the group.
A. more beautifully B. the most beautifully C. less beautifully D. most beautifully
29. At 3,810 meters above sea level in Bolivia stands Lake Titicaca, ……........ in the world.
A. the highest large lake B. largest high lake C. high largest lake D. the high largest lake
30. The hotel was ................... any one we had stayed at before.
A. more expensive than B. more expensive as C. most expensive than D. better expensive than
31. A: It's a long way from Britain, isn't it? B: Yes, but it isn't as ................ as Hong Kong.
A. far B. farther C. farthest D. further
32. A: It's hot there, isn't it? B: It's very ................ during the day.
A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. hotter than
33. Japan is usually ................ Saudi Arabia in summer.
A. hot than B. as hot so C. cooler than D. so hot as
34. .............. apples are grown in Washington State.
A. Best B. The better C. The best D. The most good
35. She is now ............... she used to.
A. more busy than B. busier than C. more busier than D. busier that
36. This play is ............... than the one we saw last week.
A. as good B. good C. more good D. better
37. Of Charles Dickens’ novels, Great Expectations is perhaps .............. to many readers.
A. the most satisfying one B. most satisfying one C. more than satisfying one D. the more satisfying than
38. He says: “These neighbors are .................. the others.”
A. friendlier than B. friendly than C. friendlier as D. more friendly than
39. The Mississippi is .................. The Thames.
A. the longer than B. longer than C. the longest than D. more long than
40. ................ tools are screwdrivers, hammers and saws.
A. The usefulness B. The most useful C. The more useful D. The best useful
41. Some computers can work 500,000 times ................ any person can.
A. faster than B. fast than C. fatter than D. more fast than
42. This pen is .................. the other two pens.
A. more expensive as B. the most expensive of C. more expensive than D. as expensive than
43. The exam was quite easy; ................... we expected.
A. more easy that B. more easy than C. easier than D. easier as
44. The story was really boring. It was ..................... I’ve ever read.
A. most boring story B. the more boring story C. the story more boring D. the most boring story
30. The hotel was…….any one we had stayed at before.
A. more expensive than B. more expensive as
C. most expensive than D. better expensive than
31. A: It’s a long way from Britian, isn’t it?
B: Yes, but it isn’t as……….as Hong Kong.
A. far B. farther C. farthest D. further
32. Of the four dresses, which is ………………..expensive?
A. the best B. the most C. the more D. the greater
33. The larger the apartment, the................... the rent.
A. expensive B. more expensive C. expensively D. most expensive
34. The faster we walk,………….. we will get there.
A. the soonest B. the soon C. the more soon D. the sooner
36. “ Why did you buy these oranges? ” “They were ……….….. I could find. ”

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A. cheapest B. cheapest ones

C. the cheapest ones D. the most cheapest
37. She plays the piano …………… as she sings.
A. as beautifully B. more beautifully C. as beautifully D. the most beautifully
38. The streets are getting more and …………… these days.
A. crowded B. less crowded C. more crowded D. most crowded
39. The larger the city, …………… the crime rate.
A. highest B. higher C. the highest D. the higher
40. You must explain your problems …………....
A. as clear as you can B. as clearly as you can
C. as clear than you are D. as clearly as you are
41. Pil is ……………… person we know.
A. the happier B. the happiest C. happier D. happiest
42. Which woman are you going to vote for? –I ’m not sure. Everyone says that Joan is………….
A. smarter B. the smarter C. more smarter D. more smart
43. Bill is ………………
A. lazier and lazier B. more and more lazy
C. lazier and more lazy D. more lazy and lazier
44. It’s too noisy here. Can we go somewhere …………………?
A. noisier B. more quie C. more noisy D. quieter
45. ………………..the time passes, ……….I feel ! The deadline of my thesis is coming, but I have just finished
half of it.
A. The faster / the nervous B. The more fast / the nervous
C. The fast / the more nervous D. The faster / the more nervous
46. China is the country with…………………..population.
A. the larger B. the more large C. the largest D. the most large
47. She sat there quietly, but during all that time she was getting…………….Finally she exploded.
A. more and more angry D. the most angry
B. the more angry C. angrier and angrier
48. For ……………….., it is certain that in the future some things will be very different.
A. the better or the worse B. the good or the bad
C. good or bad D. better or worse
49. Her grandfather’s illness was…………………..we thought at first.
A. more seriously as B. as seriously as C. more serious than D. as serious than
50. My brother was feeling tired last night, so he went to bed…………..usual.
A. more early than B. as early as C more earlier as D. earlier than
51._______ you study for these exams, _______ you will do.
A. The harder / the better B. The more / the much
C. The hardest / the best D. The more hard / the more good
52. His house is _______ mine.
A. twice as big as B. as twice big as
C. as two times big as D. as big as twice
53. A: It’s hot there, isn’t it?
B: It’s very………..during the day.
A. hot B. hotter C. hottest D. hotter than
54. ……….apples are grown in Washington State.
A. Best B. The most good C. The best D. The better
55. The test becomes……….and…………
A. hard/ hard B. difficult/ difficult C. harder/ harder D. difficulty/ difficulty
56. His health is getting……….and…………….
A. good/ good B. better/ better C. bad/ bad D. well/ well
57. The more paper we save,…………preserved.
A. more is wood pulp B. the more wood pulp is
C. wood pulp is D. the much wood pulp is
58. The more polluted air we breathe,…….we get.
A. the more weaker B. the more weak
C. the weaker D. weaker more
59. The more we study, the……we are.
A. more good B. better C. better than D. good
60. The more I tried my best to help her, ……….she became.

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A. less lazy B. the lazier C. the more lazy D. lazier

61. The weather becomes………………
A. colder with colder B. colder and colder
C. colder and more colder D. more and more cold
62. The more he slept,…………….irritable he became.
A. the most B. the vey more C. much more D. the more
63. ………..he worked, the more he earned.
A. The more hard B. The hard C. The harder D. The hardest
64. ………I get to know Jim, the more I like him.
A. For more B. More C. The more D. The most
65. The competition makes the price of goods……….
A. most cheap and cheap B. cheaper and cheaper
C. more cheap and more cheap D. cheaper and more cheaper
66. That factory is producing…….pollution.
A. more and more B. better and better C. less and least D. more and less
67. The ………I read about history, the……..it makes me realize how relevant history is for us today.
A. more/ better B. better/ better C. more/ more D. better/ more
68. The less we study, the………..we are.
A. worse B. bad C. well D. good
69. ……….the match was, the more spectators it attracted.
A. The most interesting B. The best interesting
C. The more interesting D. The interesting
70. The more running water you use,……………
A. your bill will be higher B. will be higher your bill
C. the higher your bill will be D. the highest your bill will be
71.……………you study for these exams, ………..you will do.
A. The harder/ the better B. The more / the much
C. The hardest / the best D. The more hard / the more good
72. My neighbour is driving me mad! It seems that………….it is at night , ………he plays his music!
A. the less / the more loud B. the less / less
B. the more late / the more loudlier D. the later / the louder
73. Thanks to the progress of science and technology, our lives have become………….
A. more and more good B. better and better
C. the more and more good D. gooder and gooder
74.The Sears Tower is…………..building in Chicago.
A. taller B. the more tall C. the tallest D. taller and taller
75. Peter is……………John.
A. younger and more intelligent than B. more young and intelligent than
C. more intelligent and younger than D. the more intelligent and younger than
76.Robert does not have………….Peter does.
A. money more than B. as many money as C. more money as D.as much money as
77. It gets…………..when the winter is coming.
A. cold and cold B. the coldest and coldest C. colder and colder D. more and more cold
78. French is a…………language to learn than English is.
A. difficult B. more difficult C. most difficult D. more and more difficult
79.A car is……………….than a motorbike.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. expensive D. more expensive
80. Thanks to the great effort of doctors and nurses, her health is getting…………….
A. worse B. better C. worse and worse D. better and better
81. My class has 40 students. Tom is the tallest. Kate is …………………
A. the two tallest B. Second tallest C. The second tallest D. the taller
82. The book is .......................... the one I read last night
A. less much intersting B. much less than intersting
C. the less intersting D. much less interesting than
83. All of us are bad singers, but I sing the ........................... of all.

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A. bad B. worse C. worst D. badder

84. Petrol is three times ........................... it was ten years ago
A. more expensive than B. Much expensive than
C. as expensive as D. as expensive than
85. The asteroid belt is approximately 1,000 times........................... from the Sun than the Earth and Moon.
A farther B. fathest C. further D. the futher
86. ................. the temperature, .................... water turns into steam.
A. Higher / faster the B. The higher / the faster
C. The more higher / the faster D. The higher / the fast
87. The more he drank, .......................... he became.
A. The more violent B. The much violent
B. The less violently D. The most violently
88. She is not ......................... her sister.
A. so tall as B. as tall than C. taller as D. much tall as
89. Our company have ......................... information of project as their.
A. Three time as much B. three times as many
C. as much three times D. three times as much
90. The sooner you wake up, the .......................... you go to school
A. earlier B. earliest C. more early D. most early
91. A supermarket is a shopping center.
A. less convenient as B. not so convenient than
C. less convenient than D. the most convenient as
92. Despite its smaller size, the Indian Ocean _______ the Atlantic Ocean.
A. as deep as B. is the same deep as C. deeper as D. is as deep as
93. She sings ......................... among 3 girls.
A. the more beautifully B. the most beautifully
C. the better beautifully D. the best beautifully
94. Tom and Jack bought their own houses at the same time. Tom’s is……………. one.
A. the bigger B. the biggest C. bigger D. more bigger
95. Her literature is much ........................... than it was last year.
A. good B. well C. more well D. better
96. He is twice .......................... as you
A. fatter B. as fat C. as fat as D. fattest
97. Tom runs faster than John and David runs the ............................ in their group.
A. fast B. as fat as C. as fat D. fattest

II. Choose one sentence that best rewrites the sentence given:
1. They understand more than we do.
A. We don’t understand as much as they do. C.We don’t understand anything at all.
B. They understand everything inside out. D. They are very intelligent.
2. It is much more difficult to speak English than to speak French.
A. To speak French is more difficult than to speak English.
B. To speak English is more difficult than to speak French.
C. Speaking English is more difficult than to speak French.
D. Speaking French is not as difficult as to speaking English.
3. My interview lasted longer than yours.
A. Your interview wasn’t as short as mine. B. Your interview was shorter than mine.
C. Your interview was as long as mine. D. Your interview was longer than mine.
4. When I was younger, I used to go climbing more than I do now.
A. Now I don’t go climbing anymore. B. I used to go climbing when I younger.
C. Now I don’t go climbing as much as I did. D. I don’t like going climbing any more.
5. Your coffee is not as good as mine.
A. Mine is better than yours. B. My coffee is better than your.
C. My coffee is better than yours. D. My coffee is more good than yours.
6. I can’t cook as well as my mother does.
A. My mother can cook better than I can. B. My mother can’t cook better than I can.
C. My mother can cook well than I can. D. I can cook better than my mother can.

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7. Murder is the most serious of all crimes.

A. Murder is very serious. B. No crime is more serious than murder.
C. Everyone is very afraid of murder. D. Murder is the dangerous crime.
8. No one in this class as tall as peter.
A. Peter is taller than in this class. B. Peter is the tallest in this class.
C. Peter is the most tall in this class. D. Peter is more tall than in this class.
9. This is the best music I have ever heard.
A. I‘ve ever heard better music than this. D. This is the first time I‘ve heard this good music
B. I‘ve ever heard such a good music as this.C. I‘ve ever heard so good music as this.
10. This is the most interesting novel I’ve ever read.
A. Knowing that the novel will be interesting, I read it.
B. If only I had known the novel was so interesting, I’d have read it earlier.
C. I don’t think it is the most interesting novel.
D. I have never read a more interesting novel than this.
10. “Study hard and you will get the best result”, my mom said
A. The harder I studied, the result I got better.
B. The harder I studied, the better I get result
C. The harder I studied, the better result I get.
D. The harder I studied, the result I got better.
11.Paul likes reading comic book more than watching cartoons.
A. Paul likes watching cartoons more than reading comic books
B. Paul doesn’t like reading comic books as much as watching cartoons
C. Paul doesn’t like watching cartoons as much as reading comic books
D. Paul likes watching cartoons as much as reading comic books.
12. As television programs become more popular, they seem to get worse.
A. The more popular television programs become, the worse they seem.
B. The most popular television programs become, the worse they seem.
C. The popular television programs, the worse they seem.
D. The more popular become television programs, the worse they seem.
13. The more you practice speaking in public, .........................
A. the more you become confident B. the more you become confidently
C. the greater confidence you become D. the more confident you become
14. The number of accidents caused by drunken drivers has increased for the last 2 years.
A. The numbers of accidents caused by drunken drivers has remained unchanged.
B. The more accidents are caused, the more drunken the drivers are.
C. Drunken drivers cause fewer accidents than they used to 2 years ago.
D. More and more accidents have been caused by drunken drivers for the last 2 years
15. The apartment is big. The rent is high.
A. The bigger the apartment is, the higher the rent is.
B. The more big the apartment is, the higher the rent is.
C.The bigger the apartment is, the more high the rent is.
D. The bigger the apartment is, the highest the rent is.
16. If you always drive so fast, you’re likely to have accident
A.The faster you always drive , the more likely you have accident.
B.The faster you always drive , the likely you have accident.
C.The fastest you always drive , the likely you have accident.
17. If you work so little, you’ll have low marks in your exams
A. the little you work, the lower marks in your exams you will have.
B. the less you work, the lower marks in your exams you will have.
C. the less you work so, the lower marks in your exams you will have.
D. the less you work, the lower you will have marks in your exams .
18. I waited for him for a long time and I was getting worried
A. the longer I waited for him, the worried I was getting.
B. the longer I waited for him, the more worried I was getting.
C. I was getting more and more worried.
19. Yesterday it was 30’, today it is 32’.
A. Today It is colder than yesterday.
B. It is getting more and more hot.
C. it is hotter and hotter.
D. today, it is not so hot as yesterday.

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20. She used to speak English badly but now she improves a lot.
A. Her ability of speaking is so bad.
B. Her ability of speaking is better and better.
C. Her ability of speaking is worse and worse.
D. Her ability of speaking is so good.
21. The joke is good. The laughter is loud.
A. The better the joke is, the louder the laughter is.
B. The more good the joke is, the louder the laughter is.
C. The better the joke is, the loud the laughter is.
D. The the joke is better, the the laughter is louder.
22. As he gets older, he wants to travel less.
A. The older he gets, the less he wants to travel.
B. the less he wants to travel, The older he gets.
C. The older he gets, the least he wants to travel.
D.The older he gets, the less he want to travel.
23. The children are excited with the difficult games.
A. The difficult the games are, the more excited the children are.
B. The more difficult the games are, the most excited the children are.
C. The games are more and more exciting.
D. The more difficult the games are, the more excited the children are.
24. People drive fast. Many accidents happen.
A. B. The faster people drive, more accidents happen.
B. The faster people drive, the more accidents happen.
C. B. The fast people drive, the more accidents happen.
25. I tried my best to help her. However, she became lazy.
A. The more I tried to help her, the lazier she became.
B. The more I tried to help her, the more lazy she became.
C. The lazier she became, the more I tried to help her.
D. The more lazy she became, the more I tried to help her.
26. I get old. Therefore, I want to travel little.
A. The older I get, the more I want to travel.
B. The more I want to travel, the older I get.
C. The less I want to travel, the older I get.
D. The older I get, the less I want to travel.
27. No one in the team can play soccer as well as John.
A. John plays soccer as well as other players in the team.
B. John as well as other players of the team plays soccer very well.
C. Everyone in the team plays soccer better than John.
D. John plays soccer the best in the team.
28. He only feels happy whenever he has little work to do.
A. The more he works, the happier he feels. B. The less work he has, the happier he feels.
C. The more work he has, the happier he feels. D. The less work he has, the more happy he feels.
29. My boss works better when he is pressed for time,
A. The timer my boss has, the better he works. B. The fewer time my boss has, the better he
works.
C. The less time my boss has, the better he works. D. The less time my boss has, r he works better.
30. As he has much money, he wants to spend much.
A. The more money he has, the more he wants to spend. B. he spends more and more money.
C. The more he has, the more he wants to spend.
31. If you read many books, you will have much knowledge.
A. The more books you read, the more knowledge you will have.
B. The more knowledge you will have,The more books you read.
C. The more books you read, the less knowledge you will have.
32. He speaks too much and people feel bored.
A. The more he speaks, the more bored people feel. B. The more bored people feel, The more he
speaks.
C. The more he speaks, the bored people feel. D. Because He speaks too much, people feel
boring.
33. The growth in the economy makes people’s living condition better.
A.The more the economy grows, the more good people’s living condition is.

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B. The more the economy grows, the better people’s living condition is.
C. The more the economy grows, the worse people’s living condition is.
34. He learned a lot of things as he traveled far.
A. The farther he travel, the more he learn. B. The farer he travel, the more he learn.
C. He traveled a lot and he learned a lot.
35. If a child is well brought up, he will behave well.
A.The better a child is brought up, The better he will behave .
B.The more good a child is brought up, The better he will behave .
C.The better a child is brought up, The best he will behave .

13. PHRASAL VERBS



1. account for: chiếm, giải thích 43. C

2. allow for: tính đến, xem xét đến 44. call for: mời gọi, yêu cầu
3. ask after: hỏi thăm sức khỏe 45. call up: gọi đi lính, gọi điện thoại, nhắc lại kỉ
4. ask for: hỏi xin ai cái gì niệm
5. ask sb in/out: cho ai vào/ra 46. call on/call in at sb's house: ghé thăm nhà ai
6. advance in: tấn tới 47. call off = put off = cancel
7. advance on: trình bày 48. care for: thích, săn sóc
8. advance to: tiến đến 49. catch up with: bắt kịp
9. agree on something: đồng ý với điều gì 50. chance upon: tình cờ gặp
10. agree with: đồng ý với ai, hợp với, tốt cho 51. close with: tới gần
11. answer to: hợp với 52. close about: vây lấy
12. answer for: chịu trách nhiệm về 53. come to: lên tới
13. attend on (upon): hầu hạ 54. consign to: giao phó cho
14. attend to: chú ý 55. cry for: khóc vì
15. B 56. cry for something: kêu đói
16. to be over: qua rồi 57. cry with joy: khóc vì vui
17. to be up to sb to V: ai đó có trách nhiêm phải 58. cut something into: cắt vật gì thành
làm gì 59. cut into: nói vào, xen vào
18. to bear up = to confirm: xác nhận 60. call in/on at sb's house: ghé thăm nhà ai
19. to bear out: chịu đựng 61. call at: ghé thăm
20. to blow out: thổi tắt 62. call up: gọi đi lính, gọi điện thoại, nhắc lại kỉ
21. blow down: thổi đổ niệm
22. blow over: thổi qua 63. call off = put off = cancel: huỷ bỏ
23. to break away = to run away: chạy trốn 64. call for: yêu cầu, mời gọi
24. break down: hỏng hóc, suy nhược 65. care about: quan tâm, để ý tới
25. break in (to + O): đột nhập, cắt ngang 66. care for: muốn, thích (= would like), quan tâm
26. break up: chia tay, giải tán chăm sóc (= take care of)
27. break off: tan vỡ một mối quan hệ 67. carry away: mang đi, phân phát
28. to bring about: mang đến, mang lại (= result 68. carry on = go on: tiếp tục
in) 69. carry out: tiến hành, thực hiện
29. bring down = to land: hạ xuống 70. carry off = bring off: ẵm giải
30. bring out: xuất bản 71. catch on: trở nên phổ biến, nắm bắt kịp
31. bring up: nuôi dưỡng (danh từ là up bringing) 72. catch up with = keep up with = keep pace
32. bring off: thành công, ẵm giải with: theo kịp ai, cái gì
33. to burn away: tắt dần 73. chew over = think over : nghĩ kĩ
34. burn out: cháy trụi 74. check in/out: làm thủ tục ra/vào
35. back up: ủng hộ, nâng đỡ 75. check up: kiểm tra sức khoẻ
36. bear on: có ảnh hưởng, liên lạc tới 76. clean out: dọn sạch, lấy đi hết
37. become of: xảy ra cho 77. clean up: dọn gọn gàng
38. begin with: bắt đầu bằng 78. clear away: lấy đi, mang đi
39. begin at: khởi sự từ 79. clear up: làm sáng tỏ
40. believe in: tin cẩn, tin có 80. close down: phá sản, đóng cửa nhà máy
41. belong to: thuộc về 81. close in: tiến tới
42. bet on: đánh cuộc vào 82. close up: xích lại gần nhau

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83. come over/ round = visit 138. G

84. come round: hồi tỉnh 139. get through to sb: liên lạc với ai
85. come down: sụp đổ (= collapse), giảm (= 140. get through: hoàn tất (= accomplish),
reduce) vượt qua (= get over)
86. come down to: là do 141. get into: đi vào, lên (xe)
87. come up: đề cập đến, nhô lên, nhú lên 142. get in: đến, trúng cử
88. come up with: nảy ra, loé lên 143. get off: cởi bỏ, xuống xe, khởi hành
89. come up against: đương đầu, đối mặt 144. get out of = avoid
90. come out: xuất bản 145. get down: đi xuống, ghi lại
91. come out with: tung ra sản phẩm 146. get sb down: làm ai thất vọng
92. come about = happen 147. get down to doing: bắt đầu nghiêm
93. come across: tình cờ gặp túc làm việc gì
94. come apart: vỡ vụn 148. get to doing: bắt tay vào làm việc gì
95. come along/on with: hoà hợp, tiến triển 149. get round... (to doing): xoay xở, hoàn
96. come into: thừa kế tất
97. come off: thành công, long ra, bong ra 150. get along/on with = come along/on
98. count on sb for st: trông cậy vào ai with
99. cut back on/cut down on: cắt giảm (chi tiêu) 151. get at = drive at
100. cut in: cắt ngang (= interrupt) 152. get back: trở lại
101. cut st out off st: cắt cái gì rời khỏi cái 153. get up: ngủ dậy
gì 154. get ahead: vượt trước ai
102. cut off: cô lập, cách li, ngừng phục vụ 155. get away with: cuỗm theo cái gì
103. cut up: chia nhỏ 156. get over: vượt qua
104. cross out: gạch đi, xoá đi 157. get on one's nerves: làm ai phát điên,
105. D chọc tức ai
106. delight in: thích thú về 158. give away: cho đi, tống đi, tiết lộ bí
107. depart from: bỏ, sửa đổi mật
108. do with: chịu đựng 159. give st back: trả lại
109. do for a thing: kiếm ra một vật 160. give in: bỏ cuộc
110. die away/die down: giảm đi, dịu đi 161. give way to: nhượng bộ, đầu hàng (=
(về cường độ) give oneself up to), nhường chỗ cho ai
111. die out/die off: tuyệt chủng 162. give up: từ bỏ
112. die for: thèm gì đến chết 163. give out: phân phát, cạn kịêt
113. die of: chết vì 164. give off: toả ra , phát ra (mùi hương,
114. do away with: bãi bỏ, bãi miễn hương vị)
115. do up = decorate 165. go out: đi ra ngoài, lỗi thời
116. draw back: rút lui 166. go out with: hẹn ḥò
117. drive at: ngụ ý, ám chỉ 167. go through: kiểm tra, thực hiện công
118. drop in at st's house: ghé thăm nhà ai việc
119. drop off: buồn ngủ 168. go through with: kiên trì bền bỉ
120. drop out of school: bỏ học 169. go for: cố gắng giành đc
121. E 170. go in for: = take part in
122. end up: kết thúc 171. go with: phù hợp
123. eat up: ăn hết 172. go without: kiêng nhịn
124. eat out: ăn ngoài 173. go off: nổi giận, nổ tung, thối giữa
125. F (thức ăn)
126. face up to: đương đầu, đối mặt 174. go off with = give away with: cuỗm
127. fall back on: trông cậy, dựa vào theo
128. fall in with: mê cái gì (fall in love 175. go ahead: tiến lên
with sb: yêu ai đó say đắm) 176. go back on one's word: không giữ lời
129. fall behind: chậm hơn so với dự định, 177. go down with: mắc bệnh
rớt lại phía sau 178. go over: kiểm tra, xem xét kỹ lưỡng
130. fall through = put off, cancel 179. go up: tăng, đi lên, vào đại học
131. fall off: giảm dần 180. go into: lâm vào
132. fall down: thất bại 181. go away: cút đi, đi khỏi
133. fill in: điền vào 182. go round: đủ chia
134. fill up with: đổ đầy 183. go on: tiếp tục
135. fill out: điền hết, điền sạch 184. grow out of: lớn vượt khỏi
136. fill in for: đại diện, thay thế 185. grow up: trưởng thành
137. find out: tìm ra

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186. 235. look up: tra cứu (từ điển, số điện

hand down to = pass on to: truyền lại (cho thế thoại)
hệ sau) 236. look into: xem xét, nghiên cứu
187. hand in: giao nộp (bài, tội phạm) 237. look on: đứng nhìn thờ ơ
188. hand back: giao lại 238. look out: coi chừng
189. hand over: trao trả quyền lực 239. look out for: cảnh giác với
190. hand out: phân phát (= give out) 240. look over: kiểm tra
191. hang round: lảng vảng 241. look up to: tôn trọng
192. hang on = hold on = hold off: cầm 242. look down on: coi thường
máy (điện thoại) 243. M
193. hang up (off): cúp máy 244. make up: trang điểm, bịa chuyện
194. hang out: treo ra ngoài 245. make out: phân biệt
195. hold on off = put off 246. make up for: đền bù, hoà giải với ai
196. hold on: cầm máy 247. make the way to: tìm đường tới
197. hold back: kiềm chế 248. mix out: trộn lẫn, lộn xộn
198. hold up: cản trở/trấn lột 249. miss out: bỏ lỡ
199. J 250. move away: bỏ đi, ra đi
200. jump at a chance/an opportunity: 251. move out: chuyển đi
chộp lấy cơ hội 252. move in: chuyển đến
201. jump at a conclusion: vội kết luận 253. O
202. jump at an order: vội vàng nhận lời 254. order sb about st: sai ai làm gì
203. jump for joy: nhảy lên vì sung sướng 255. owe st to sb: có đc ǵì nhờ ai
204. jump into (out of): nhảy vào (ra) 256. pass away = to die
205. K 257. pass by = go past: đi ngang qua, trôi
206. keep away from = keep off: tránh xa qua
207. keep out of: ngăn cản 258. pass on to = hand down to: truyền lại
208. keep sb back from: ngăn cản ai không 259. pass out = to faint: ngất
làm gì 260. pay sb back: trả nợ ai
209. keep sb from = stop sb from 261. pay up the dept: trả hết nợ nần
210. keep sb together: gắn bó 262. point out: chỉ ra
211. keep up: giữ lại, duy trì 263. pull back: rút lui
212. keep up with: theo kịp ai 264. pull down = to knock down: kéo đổ,
213. keep on = keep ving: cứ tiếp tục làm san bằng
gì 265. pull in to: vào (nhà ga)
214. knock down = pull down: kéo đổ, sụp 266. pull st out: lấy cái gì ra
đổ, san bằng 267. pull over at: đỗ xe
215. knock out: hạ gục ai 268. put st aside: cất đi, để dành
216. L 269. put st away: cất đi
217. lay down: ban hành, hạ vũ khí 270. put through to sb: liên lạc với ai
218. lay out: sắp xếp, lập dàn ý 271. put down: hạ xuống
219. leave sb off = to dismiss sb: cho ai 272. put down to: lí do của
nghỉ việc 273. put on: mặc vào, tăng cân
220. leave out = get rid of 274. put up : dựng lên, tăng giá
221. let sb down: làm ai thất vọng 275. put up with: tha thứ, chịu đựng
222. let sb in/out : cho ai vào/ra, phóng 276. put up for: xin ai ngủ nhờ
thích ai 277. put out: dập tắt
223. let sb off: tha bổng cho ai 278. put st/sb out: đưa ai/cái gì ra ngoài
224. lie down: nằm nghỉ 279. put off: trì hoãn
225. live up to: sống xứng đáng với 280. R
226. live on: sống dựa vào 281. run after: truy đuổi
227. lock up: khóa chặt ai 282. run away/off from: chạy trốn
228. look after: chăm sóc 283. run out (of): cạn kiệt
229. look at: quan sát 284. run over: đè chết
230. look back on: nhớ lại hồi tưởng 285. run back: quay trở lại
231. look round: quay lại nh́ n 286. run down: cắt giảm, ngừng phục vụ
232. look for: tìm kiếm 287. run into: tình cờ gặp, đâm xô, lâm vào
233. look forward to V-ing: mong đợi, 288. ring after: gọi lại sau
mong chờ 289. ring off: tắt máy (điện thoại)
234. look in on: ghé thăm 290. S
291. save up: để giành

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Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh Ms. Dung

292. see about = see to: quan tâm, để ý 349. wait for: đợi
293. see sb off: tạm biệt 350. wait up for: đợi ai đến tận khuya
294. see sb though: nhận ra bản chất của ai 351. watch out/over = look out
295. see over = go over 352. watch out for = look out for
296. send for: yêu cầu, mời gọi 353. wear off: mất tác dụng, biến mất, nhạt
297. send to: đưa ai vào (bệnh viện, nhà dần
tù) 354. wear sb out = exhaust sb
298. send back: trả lại 355. work off : loại bỏ
299. set out/off: khởi hành, bắt đầu 356. work out: tìm ra cách giải quyết
300. set in: bắt đầu (dùng cho thời tiết) 357. work up: làm khuấy động
301. set up: dựng lên 358. wipe out: huỷ diệt
302. set sb back: ngăn cản ai 359. write down: viết vào
303. settle down: an cư lập nghiệp
304. show off: khoe khoang, khoác lác
305. show up: đến tới
306. shop round: mua bán loanh quanh
307. shut down: sập tiệm, phá sản
308. shut up: ngậm miệng lại
309. sit round: ngồi nhàn rỗi
310. sit up for: chờ ai cho tới tận khuya
311. slown down: chậm lại
312. stand by: ủng hộ ai
313. stand out: nổi bật
314. stand for: đại diện, viết tắt của, khoan
dung
315. stand in for: thế chỗ của ai
316. stay away from: tránh xa
317. stay behind: ở lại
318. stay up: đi ngủ muộn
319. stay on at: ở lại trường để học thêm
320. T
321. take away from: lấy đi, làm nguôi đi
322. take after: giống ai như đúc
323. take sb/st back to: đem trả laị
324. take down: lấy xuống
325. take in: lừa gạt ai, hiểu
326. take on: tuyển thêm, lấy thêm người
327. take off: cất cánh, cởi tháo bỏ cái gì
328. take over: giành quyền kiểm soát
329. take up: đảm nhận, chiếm giữ (không
gian), bắt đầu làm gì (thành thú tiêu khiển)
330. take to: yêu thích
331. talk sb into st: thuyết phục ai
332. talk sb out of: cản trở ai
333. throw away: ném đi, vứt hẳn đi
334. throw out: vứt đi, tống cổ ai
335. tie down: ràng buộc
336. tie in with: buộc chặt
337. tie sb out = wear sb out = exhaust sb
338. tell off: mắng mỏ
339. try on: thử (quần áo)
340. try out: thử... (máy móc)
341. turn away = turn down: từ chối
342. turn into: chuyển thành
343. turn out: sx, hoá ra là
344. turn on/off: mở, tắt
345. turn up/down: vặn to, nhỏ (âm lượng)
346. turn up: xuất hịên, đến tới
347. turn in: đi ngủ
348. use up: sử dụng hết, cạn kiệt

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 [BÀI TẬP VỀ CỤM ĐỘNG TỪ ]
1. It was the third time in six months that the bank had been held _____ .
A. over B. down C. up D. out
2. I always run _____ of money before the end of the month.
A. out B. back C. up D. down
3. It's taking me longer to get _____ the operation than I thought.
A. through B. by C. up from D. over
4. I've just spent two weeks looking _____an aunt of mine who's been ill.
A. at B. for C. out for D. after
5. I've always got _____ well with old people.
A. off B. on C. in D. through
6. It's very cold in here. Do you mind if I turn _________ the heating?
A. down B. away C. off D. on
7. They've _____ a new tower where that old building used to be.
A. put up B. put down C. pushed up D. pushed down
8. Stephen always wanted to be an actor when he ________ up.
A. came B. grew C. brought D. settled
9. The bus only stops here to ________ passengers.
A. alight B. get on C. get off D. pick up
10. If anything urgent comes _____, you can contact me at this number.
A. across B. by C. up D. round
11. Your daughter's just started work, hasn't she? How's she getting _____?
A. by B. on C. out D. in
12. We had to turn _______ their invitation to lunch as we had a previous engagement.
A. over B. out C. up D. down
13. While driving to work, we ran out____ gas.
A. up B. of C. in D. to
14. He died ____ heart disease.
A. from B. because C. of D. in
15. The elevator is not running today. It is ________ order.
A. to B. out C. out of D. in
16. I explained ____ him what it meant.
A. to B. about C. over D. from
17. Pasteur devoted all his life _______ science.
A. for B. in C. on D. to
18. House cats are distantly related ___ lions and tigers.
A. in B. to C. of D. about
19. Is this type of soil suitable ___ growing tomatoes ?
A. for B. about C. in D. at
20. Were you aware _____ the regulations against smoking in this area ?
A. in B. with C. of D. about
21. One meter is approximately equal _____ a yard.
A. about B. on C. to D. with
22. Jane doesn't spend much money _____ clothes.
A. over B. about C. at D. on
23. She always takes good care _____ her children.
A. for B. in C. of D. with
24. William insists _____ getting up early, even on weekends.
A. on B. to C. toward D. for
25. What does this symbol refer_____ ?
A. on B. to C. for D. toward

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26. The accident resulted _____ several minor injuries.
A. on B. in C. of D. at
27. Congratulations _____ your success!
A. to B. on C. in D. up
28. Mrs. Liz was accused _____ having stolen the car.
A. of B. with C. in D. upon
29. We are here to provide you _____ the best service possible.
A. of B. with C. to D. for
30. He has been absent _____ school very often lately.
A. from B. on C. in D. with
31. Vehicles also account _____ air pollution in the cities. = explain
A. on B. at C. for D. in
32. Last night I was invited _____ a formal get-together and I enjoyed myself a great deal.
A. to B. at C. for D. about
33. The police blamed the mother_____ neglecting her child.
A. to B. for C. with D. of
34. They prevented me _____ talking to that woman .
A. from B. on C. with D. at
35. Take the number 7 bus and get __________ at Forest Road.
A. up B. down C. off D. outside
36. If you want to join this club, you must__________ this application form.
A. make up B. write down C. do up D. fill in
37. The water company will have to_______ off water supplies while repairs to the pipes are carried ____
A. take/in B. cut/out C. set/up D. break/to
38. He wanted to______ off all his work before he came to the cinema with us.
A. finish B. stop C. end D. put
39. They were 30 minutes later because their car _______ down.
A. got B. put C. cut D. broke
40. That problem is _______ them. We can’t make _______ our mind yet.
A. out off/on B. up to/up C. away from/for D. on for/off
41. Brian asked Judy________ to dinner and a movie.
A. out B. on C. for D. of
42. My wife backed me _______ over my decision to quit my job. Back up over- support
A. down B. up C. of D. for
43. The racing car _______ after it crashed into the fence.= explore
A. blew out B. blew over C. blew up D. blew down
44. Our car ________ at the side of the highway in the snowstorm.
A. broke into B. broke away C. broke in D. broke down
45. Mike _________ Alaska, so he's used to cold weather.
A. comes over B. comes in C. comes across D. comes from
46. Jane had a difficult childhood. She _______ a broken home.
A. came from B. came over C. came in D. came up with
47. The woman _______ when the police told her that her son had died.
A. broke down B. broke away C. broke in D. broke into
48. Our teacher broke the final project _______ into three separate parts.
A. in B. into C. away D. down
49. Somebody _______ last night and stole our stereo.
A. broke off B. broke in C. broke out D. broke up
50. The firemen had to break _______ the room to rescue the children.
A. off B. up C. out D. into
51. The bomb_______ when he rang the bell.

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A. went over B. went on C. went out D. went off
52. No one really believed it when the news came through that the "Titanic"had. . on her maiden voyage.
A. gone over B. gone on C. gone down D. gone off
53. Does this jacket_______ my trousers?
A. go with B. go through with C. go ahead D. go off
54. He _______ about his new car all the time.
A. goes over B. goes on C. goes out D. goes off
55. Do you think you could _______ this work with me some time, Peter?
A. go over B. go on C. go out D. go off
56. We have permission to_______ with the plan.
A. go ahead B. go over C. go on (at chỉ trích) D. go off
57. I know you find the course boring, Pauline, but since you've started it, you might as well _____ it.
A. go with B. go through with ( finish) C. go ahead D. go off
58. The building of the new bridge will_______ as planned.
A. go up B. put up C. go out D. go ahead
59. I see the price of bread has _______ again.
A. gone up B. put up C. gone out D. fallen out (cãi nhau)
60. He was caught shop - lifting but since this was his first offence he was_______ with a warning.
A. gone out B. gone ahead C. fallen out D. let off
61. She _______ her father; everyone says how alike they are!
A. takes after B. takes off C. falls out D. lets off
62. There was a power cut and all the lights _______.
A. went up B. put up C. went out D. went ahead
63. You look upset, Sven. Have you and Niger _______ again?
A. gone out B. gone grey C. fallen out D. let off
64. Paul, do you think you could ____ me ____ for the night? It's a bit too late to go home now.
A. let me off B. go me out C. fall me out D. put me up (trọ)
65. Children made their hair_______.
A. go out B. go grey C. fall out D. let off
66. The doctor asked me to _______ my shirt.
A. put off B. take off C. take out D. put out
67. Shall we go somewhere _______ a drink?
A. for B. from C. to D. of
68. Everyone can _______ in this school activity.
A. take off B. take on C. take part D. take
69. Do you want to stop in this town, or shall we _______?
A. turn on B. turn off C. go on D. look after
70. Who will ________ the children while you go out to work?
A. look for B. look up C. look after D. look at
71. Please ________ the light, it’s getting dark here.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn over D. turn into
72. The nurse has to _________ at the midnight
A. take care B. take on( dđảm nhiệm, gánh vác) C. take over (tiếp quản) C. take off
73. There is an inflation. The prices __________.
A. are going on B. are going down C. are going over D. are going up
74. Remember to _______ your shoes when you are in a Japanese house.
A. take care B. take on C. take over C. take off
75. You can __________ the new words in the dictionary.
A. look for B. look after C. look up D. look at
76. It’s cold outside. __________ your coat.
A. Put on B. Put down C. Put off D. Put into

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77. Frank never turns up on time for a meeting.
A. calls B. arrives C. reports D. prepares
78.Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
A. do B. let C. delay D. leave
79. My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother.
A. looked after B. taken after C. gone off D. got over
80. The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town.
A. went on B. went out C. went off D. went away
81. John, could you look after my handbag while I go out for a minute.
A. take part in B. take over C. take place D. take care of
82. Bill seems unhappy in his job because he doesn’t get _______ his boss.
A. up to B. on for C. on well with D. in with
83. Why do they ______ talking about money all the time?
A. keep on B. give up C. take after D. stop by
84. My father gave up smoking two years ago.
A. liked B. continued C. stopped D. enjoyed
85. The government hopes to _________ its plans for introducing cable TV.
A. turn out B. carry out C. carry on D. keep on
86. When the tenants failed to pay their bill, the authorities decided to _____ the gas supply to the flat.
A. cut down B. cut out C. cut off D. cut up
87. I was born in Scotland but I ________ in Northern Ireland.
A. grew up B. raised C. brought up D. rose
88. Both Ann and her sister look like her mother.
A. take after B. take place C. take away D. take on
89. I’ll be back in a minute, Jane. I just want to try out my new tape recorder.
A. resemble B. test C. arrive D. buy
90. She got angry when they started to………. her private life.
A. ask for B. enquire after C. ask about D. enquire with
91. She ran in a marathon last week but………. after ten kilometers.
A. dropped out B. closed down C. broke up D. made up
92. Gertrude takes……….her mother; she has blue eyes and fair hair too.
A. in B. up C. after D. down
93. It took him a long time to ………. the death of his wife.
A. take away B. get over C. take off D. get through
94. There were so many kinds of cameras………., and I didn't know which to buy.
A. to choose B. choosing from
C. chosen D. to choose from
95. Billy hasn't been working; he won't………. his examinations.
A. get off B. get through C. keep up D. keep off
96. They arrived………. the airport………. good time for the plane.
A. in - on B. to - in C. at - in D. to - for
97. Did Mr. Tan………. the class while Miss Fiona was ill in hospital?
A. take away B. take over C. take up D. take off
98. Paula applied for the post but she was………..
A. turned down B. checked out C. kept under D. pushed ahead
99. If orders keep coming in like this, I'll have to………. more staff.
A. give up B. add in C. gain on D. take on
100. Why do they………. talking about money all the time?
A. keep on B. side with C. take after D. work off
101. In addition to Mr. Thomas and Miss White, the principal………. attend the school party.
A. is likely B. is going to C. are likely D. are going to

10
0
 102. We were too tired to wash ________ after the meal.
A. over B. out C. up D. on
103. Do you want to stop in this town, or shall we _______?
A. turn on B. turn off C. go on D. look after
104. Who will ________ the children while you go out to work?
A. look for B. look up C. look after D. look at
105. Please ________ the light, it’s getting dark here.
A. turn on B. turn off C. turn over D. turn into
106. The nurse has to _________ at the midnight.
A. take care B. take on C. take over D. take off
107. There is an inflation. The prices __________.
A. are going on B. are going down C. are going over D. are going up
108. Remember to _______ your shoes when you are in a Japanese house.
A. take care B. take on C. take over D. take off
109. You can __________ the new words in the dictionary.
A. look for B. look after C. look up D. look at
110. It’s cold outside. __________ your coat.
A. Put on B. Put down C. Put off D. Put into
111. Frank never turns up on time for a meeting.
A. calls B. arrives C. reports D. prepares
112. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
A. do B. let C. delay D. Leave
113. My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother.
A. looked after B. taken after C. gone off D. got over
114. The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town.
A. went on B. went out C. went off D. went away
115. John, could you look after my handbag while I go out for a minute.
A. take part in B. take over C. take place D. take care of
116. Bill seems unhappy in his job because he doesn’t get _______ his boss.
A. up to B. on for C. on well with D. in with
117. Why do they ______ talking about money all the time?
A. keep on B. give up C. take after D. stop by
118. My father gave up smoking two years ago.
A. liked B. continued C. stopped D. enjoyed
119. The government hopes to _________ its plans for introducing cable TV.
A. turn out B. carry out C. carry on D. keep on
134. Look out! There’s a car coming!
A. The car is behind you, so you should run.
B. Don’t go away because the car is coming.
C. Hurry up or you will be late for the car.
o D. You should be careful because the car is coming
The fireman had to break the room to rescue the children.
 off B. up C. for D. about
o Jane doesn't spend much money _ clothes.
 over B. about C. on D. at
o I've just spent two weeks looking an aunt of mine who's been ill.
 at B. for C. out for D. after
o It took him a long time to the death of his wife.
 take away B. get over C. take off D. get through
o Harry, I am working now. Could you please turn your music ?
A.on B. down C. in D. up
o Henry always up with new ideas in every science class.
 comes B. gets C. makes D. takes
10
1
o The plane is going to take off at night o’clock, so you just have an hour to ready.
 go B. take C. have D. get
128. He’s always grateful to my parents for they have him up for 10 years.
A. got B. raised C. brought D.given
129. We had a long way to go so we off very early.
A. went B. set C. made D. got
130. We expected him not to come but eventually he at eight.
A. turned around B. turned up C. turned in D. turned out
131. The woman carried singing despite not getting much attention from the audience.
A. on B. over C. after D. in
132. The water company will off water supplies while carrying out repairs to the pipes.
A. cut B. make C. put D. take
133. Many birds fly south before winter sets .
A.off B. over C. in D. on
135. Mrs. Binh will Mr. Nam when he goes on his business trip abroad.
A.stand in for B. stand by C. stand up for D. stand for
136. Both Ann and her sister look like her mother.
A. take after B. take place C. take away D. take on
137. I’ll be back in a minute, Jane. I just want to try out my new tape recorder.
A. resemble B. test C. arrive D. buy
138. Did Mr. Tan………. the class while Miss Fiona was ill in hospital?
A. take away B. take over C. take up D. take off
139. Paula applied for the post but she was………..
A. turned down B. checked out C. kept under D. pushed ahead
140. If orders keep coming in like this, I'll have to………. more staff.
A. give up B. add in C. gain on D. take on
141. Frank never turns up on time for a meeting.
A. calls B. arrives C. reports D. prepares
142. Never put off until tomorrow what you can do today.{ p ut off: postpone: delay}
A. do B. let C. delay D. leave
143. My father still hasn’t really recovered from the death of my mother.
A. looked after B. taken after C. gone off D. got over
144. The bomb exploded with a loud bang which could be heard all over the town.
A. went on B. went out C. went off D. went away
145. John, could you look after my handbag while I go out for a minute.
A. take part in B. take over C. take place D. take care of
146. Bill seems unhappy in his job because he doesn’t get _______ his boss.
A. up to B. on for C. on well with D. in with
147. Why do they ______ talking about money all the time?
A. keep on B. give up C. take after D. stop by
148. My father gave up smoking two years ago.
A. liked B. continued C. stopped D. enjoyed
149. Gertrude takes……….her mother; she has blue eyes and fair hair too.
A. in B. up C. after D. down

14. CÁC MẪU CÂU GIAO TIẾP

1. Chào hỏi và đáp lại:

chào hỏi (Greeting) đáp lại (Response )
- Hi (or Hello). How are you? - Fine. And you?
- Hi. How’ve you been? - O.K. How about you?
- Hi. How goes it? - Pretty good. How about you?
- Hi. How are things? - Not too bad. How about yourself?
- Hi. What’s happening? - Everything’s O.K. How you doin’?
- Hi. What’s new? - O.K. Can’t complain.
- Hi. What’ve you been up to lately? - Oh, not much. How about with you?
- Not a whole lot. How about with you?
- Not too much. How about you?

10
2
 Kết thúc (Ending) Đáp lại (Response)
- Goodbye! - Bye! See you again.
- I’ve got to go. See you then. - Bye ! See you later.
- Take care.

2. Các mẫu câu đề nghị người khác giúp mình

Đề nghị
- V0 ............, please.
- Can you / Could you + V0...?
- Would you please + V0...?
- Will you + V0...?
- I wonder if you'd/ could + V0.
- Would / Do you mind + V-
ing…?
Trả lời đồng ý Trả lời không đồng ý
- Certainly./ Of course./ Sure I'm sorry. (I'm busy)
- No problem. I'm afraid I can't/ couldn't.
- What can I do for you?
- How can I help you?
- No, I don't mind. - I'm sorry, I can't.
- No, of course not.
- Not at all.

3. Giới thiệu
A B
How do you do ? How do you do ?
Nice to meet you Nice to meet you, too

4. Các mẫu câu mình muốn giúp người khác

- Shall I...?
- Would you like me to ...?
- Do you want me to ...?
- What can I do for you?
- May I help you?
- Do you need any help?
- Let me help you.
- Can I help you ?
5. Các mẫu câu xin phép người khác
- May/Can/Could I ....?
- May I go out ?
- Do you think I could ...
- I wonder if I could ...
- Is it all right if I ...
- Would you mind if I + QKĐ?
- Would you mind if I smoked ?
- Do you mind if I + HTĐ?
- Do you mind if I smoke ?
Trả lời đồng ý Trả lời không đồng ý
- Yes. Thank you - No. Thank you
- That's very kind of you. - No, thank you. I can
- Yes, please. manage.
- Oh, would you really? - No, there's no need. But
- Thanks a lot. thanks all the same.
- Well, that's very kind of
you, but I think I can
manage, thanks.
Trả lời đồng ý Trả lời không đồng ý
- Certainly./ Of course.
- Please do.
- Please go ahead. - I'd rather you didn't.
- Yes, by all means. - I'd prefer You didn't.
- No, I'm afraid you can't.
- No, of course not. - I'm sorry, but you can't.
- Not at all.
- Please do
- Please go ahead

6. Các mẫu câu rủ, gợi ý làm gì

Mẫu câu rủ, gợi ý Trả lời đồng ý Trả lời không đồng
ý
1. Shall I / we...? 1. Yes, I think that's a good
2. Let's... idea.
3. Why don't I / we...? 2. That's probably the best
4. How about...? option.
5. What about...? 3. Sure, why not?
6. I think we should... 4. Yes, definitely. No, let's not.
7. I suggest that we.... 5. By all means.
8. It might be a good idea if we / you... 6. Good idea
9. I think the best way of dealing with this
situation would be to...
10. If you ask me, I think we / you should/
could...
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 7. Các mẫu câu cám ơn
Cám ơn Trả lời
- Thank you. - You're welcome.
- Thank you very much. - That's all right.
- Thanks a lot. - Not at all.
- Thanks a lot for .... - It's my pleasure

8. Các mẫu câu hỏi lại khi nghe không rõ

- Pardon?
- Please say that again.
- Could you repeat that?
9. Các mẫu câu mời
Lời mời (invitaion) Chấp nhận (Accepting) Từ chối (Refusing)
Would you like….? - Yes, I’d love to. - No, thanks.
Would you be interested in…? - That’s very kind of you, thanks. - I,d love to, but.
- What a great idea, thanks. - I really don’t think I can.
- I’m afraid not.

10. Khen
Khen (compliment) Chấp nhận (Accepting) Từ chối (Rejecting)
- I would like to compliment you - Thank you. It’s very nice of you - You must be
on… to say so. kidding.
- I think your hair is .. - I’m glad to like it. - You’ve got to be
- You really have … - Thanks. It’s a nice compliment. kidding.
How+ adj+ S+ V !
What+ (a/an)+ adj+ N !

11. Đồng ý và không đồng ý:

Đưa ra ý kiến (Giving opinion) Đồng ý (Agreement) Không đồng ý (Disagreement)
- I think …. - I agree - Really ?
- In my opinion,… completely/absolutely/definitely. - I’m not sure.
- In my point of view…. - You are right. - I couldn’t agee.
- I believe…. - You are correct. - No, that’s wrong.
- FOR ME - I think so. - I don’t think so.
- I hope so.

BÀI TẬP VỀ MỘT SỐ CÂU GIAO TIẾP THƯỜNG GẶP

1. A: “More coffee ? Anybody ?” B: “………………….”
A. I don’t agree. I’m afraid” B. I’d love to C. Yes, please D. It’s right. I think
3. A: “ Oh,I’m really sorry” B: “…………………”
A. It was a pleasure B. That’s all right C. Thanks D. Yes, why?
4. A: “ What’s your hobby, Hoa? B: “…………………….”
A. Well, I like collecting stampsB. Oh, with computers C. Well, I want stamps D. Oh, on the phone
5. A: “You look nice today. I like your new hairstyle” B: “………………………”
A. It’s nice of you to say so B. Shall I? Thanks C. Oh, Well done D. I feel interesting to hear that
6. A: “ A motorbike knocked Ted down.” B: “ ……………………
A. What is it now? B. Poor Ted! C. How terrific! D. What a motorbike!
7. A: “I have bought you a toy. Happy birthday to you!” B: “…………………”
A. The same to you B. Have a nice day! C. What a pity! D. What a lovely toy! Thanks
8. A “………………” B: “Oh, It’s great”
A. How is the English competition ? B. Would you like the English competition?
C. What do you like about the English competition? D. What do you think of the English competition ?
9. “ Peter : “ Do you feel like going to the cinema this everning ?” Mary: “……………………………”
A. I don’t agree.I’m afraid B. You’re welcome C. That would be great D. I feel very bored
10. Laura: “ What a lovely house you have “ Mary: “……………….”
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 A. Of course not, It’s not costly B. Thank you. Hope you will drop in
C. I think so D. No problem
11. Mary is feeling grateful to Gorge for his help. Mary: “Thank you very much for
your help in time.” George: “ ”
A. Don’t thank. B. You say well. C. It’s my duty. D. Never mind.
12. A: “Would you mind lending me your bike?” B: “…………………….”
A. Yes. Here it is B. Not at all C. Yes, let’s D. Great
13. A: “…………….detective stories?” B: “In my opinion,they are very good for teenagers”
A. How about B. Are you fond of C. What do you think about D. What do people feel about?
14. Hellen : “ Congratulations !” Jane : “…………….”
A. What a pity B. Thank you C. I’m sorry D. You are welcome
15. Linda : “ Excuse me ! Where ‘s the post office ?” Maria: “…………………..”
A. It’s over there B. I’m afraid not C. Don’t worry D. Yes, I think so
16. Tom: “ How did you get there ?” John: “ ………………”
A. Is it far from here ? B. I came here by train C. I came here last night D. The train is so crowded
17. Alice : “ What shall we do this everning?” Carol: “………………….”
A. Let’s go out for dinner B. No problem C. Thank you D. Not at all
19.Mary: “Whose bike is that?” Tom :”…………….”
A. No, It’s over there B. It’s Jane C. It’s just outside D. It’s Jane’s
20.Peter : “ How do you go to school?” Mary: “…………………”
A. I go there early B. Everyday, except Sunday C. I don’t think so D. I go there by bus
21. A: “ Bye” B: “…………..”
A. See you lately B. Thank you C. Meet you again D. See you later
23. A: “ I’ve passed my driving test” B: “…………………..”
A. Congratulations! B. That’s agood idea C. It’s nice of you to say so D. Do you?
24. A: “Would you like to have dinner with me ?” B: “……………….”
A. Yes, I love to B. Yes, so do I C. I’m very happy D. Yes, it is
25.Ann: “……….. where the nearest post office is ? Linda: “ Turn left and then turn right”
A. Could you tell me B. Should you show me C. Do you tell me D. Will you say me
26. A : “ How do you do ?” B: “…………….”
A. How do you do ? B. Not too bad C. I’m well. Thank D. Yeah, OK
27. Peter: “ I enjoy listening to pop music” Maria: “………………..”
A. I’m too B. I don’t C. Neither do I D. So am I
30. David: “ You’ ve got a beautiful dress!” Hellen: “ ………………..”
A. I do B. Thank you C. You, too D. Okay
31.Sue: “ I love music” Alice : “……………”
A. So do I B. No, I won’t C. Yes, I like it D. Neither do I
32. Maria: “ I’m taking my end term examination tomorrow. Sarah : “………………..”
A. Good luck B. Good day C. Good time D. Good chance
33. Hang: “ Thank for your help, Lan:” Lan: “ …………………..”
A. With all my heart B. Never remind me C. It’s my pleasure D. Wish you
34. Ann: “ Do you think it will rain?” Peter : “…………………”
A. I don’t hope B. I hope not C. I don’t hope so D. It’s hopeless
35. Ann: “ Do you think you you will get the job?” Mary: “………………….”
A. Yes, that’s right B. I think not C. I know so D. Well, I hope so
36. David: “ Happy Christmas !” Peter : “…………..”
A. The same to you! B. Happy christmas to you! C. You are the same ! D. Same for you!
37. A: “………… going on a picnic this weekend ?” B: “ That’s great !”
A. Why don’t we B. Would you like C. How about D. Let’s
38. What an attractive hair style you have got, Mary! - _______
A. Thank you very much. I am afraid B. You are telling a lie

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 C. Thank you for your compliment D. I don't like your sayings
39. You look great in this new dress. - ________.
A. With pleasure B. Not at all C. I am glad you like it D. Do not say anything about it
40. How well you are playing! - ________.
A. Say it again. I like to hear your words B. I think so. I am proud of myself
C. Thank you too much D. Many thanks. That is a nice compliment
41. I’m sorry. It’s late. I must go now. - ________________.
A. You are welcome B. Good bye. See you soon C. Not at all D. Hello
42. What a lovely hat you have! – Thanks. ……………. .
A. that’s OK B. I don’t care C. I’m glad you like it D. Certainly
43. A: How’s life? – B: ______
A. Sure B. Not too bad, but very busy C. Very well, thank you D. Pleased to meet you
44. A: “Thank you for the lovely present.” –B: “______”
A. Go ahead B. Not at all C. Come on D. I’m pleased you like it
45. A: “Thank you very much” B: …………………….
A. Not at all B. You are well come C. That’s all right D. All are correct
46. A: “Do you fancy a coffee?” B: ……………………….
A. Oh,dear B. Everything is ok C. Oh, yes. I’d love one D. How do you do
47. A:“You look nice in that red shirt.” B: …………………………..
A. It’s nice of you to say so B. Am I? Thanks C. Oh, poor me D. I’m interesting to hear that
48. A: Peter had an accident. He’s been in hospital for 5 days” B: ……………………………
A. Poor it B. Poor him C. How terrific D. Oh, Is he?
49. A: “Happy birthday! This is a small present for you” B:………………………….
A. What a pity B. How beautiful it is ! Thanks C. Have a good time D. How terrble!
50. A: “How are you getting on ?” B: ………………………………..
A. All right B. Not bad C. It’s OkD. All are correct
1. “Are you ready? The school bus is leaving.” – “Yes, just a minute. ”
A. No longer B. I’m coming C. I’d be OK D. I’m leaving
2. “Hi, Jenny. Where are you going?” – “Sorry, Mike. I can’t stop now. ”
A. Of course not! B. Oops! C. See you D. Watch out!
3. “Were you in school yesterday?” – “No, ”
A. I was not sure B. I was free. C. I was absent D. It was boring.
4. “Do you mind if I sit next to you?” – “ ”
A. Don’t mention it. B. My pleasure. C. No, not at all D. Yes, why not?
5. “Your new dress looks fantastic!” – “Thanks, _ ”
A. I bought it at Daisy’s. B. I’d rather not.
C. It’s up to you. D. You can say that again.
6. “Do you feel like going to the prom with me?” – “ ”
A. I feel very bored B. That would be great.
C. Yes, congratulations. D. You’re welcome.
7. “I’m afraid there is no real friendship between boys and girls!”
- “ , Mommy. We are just good friends.”
A. Don’t mention it B. Don’t worry C. I hope so D. Of course not
8. “I think students must go to single sex schools.” – “No, ”
A. I totally approve B. I disagree. C. How amazing. D. What a pity.
9. “Didn’t you feel tire of being alone?” – “ ”
A. Of course not B. No, thanks C. Sounds boring D. No, why not?
10. “What’s wrong with you?” – “ ”
A. Thank you. B. I’m having a headache.

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 C. You are welcome D. Yes, I was tired yesterday.
11. “You look so sad. ” – “ I couldn’t have my parent’s permission”.
A. Can you help me? B. How do you deal with it?
C. What’s the problem? D. What should I do?
12. “I can’t understand why my parents don’t allow me to play with boys.” – “ ”
A. Me also B. Me either C. Me neither D. Me too.
13. “Why don’t we talk to Mr Green first? I think he can help.” – “ ”
A. Good idea B. I understand
C. Yes, thanks. D. You are wrong.
14. “Hello. ” – “Hello. Hold on please. I get you through.”
A. Can I meet Mr Green? B. Can I take Mr Green’s number?
C. May I speak to Mr Green? D. Where is Mr Green’s room?
15. “Can you help Carol to persuade her parents?” – “ ”
A. I think so B. Not completely C. Yes, I’m afraid not. D. Why not?
16. “What does your younger sister look like?” – “ ”
A. She likes a secondary student. B. My sister is a university student.
C. She’s very kind and hard working. D. She’s tall and thin with long hair.
17. “Could I leave a message for your manager?” – “ ”
A. SureB. Of course
C. He’s busy now. D. He’s off work today.
18. “How often do you have your teeth checked?” – “ ”
A. Two month B. Not much
C. RarelyD. They’re checked carefully.
19. Maria and Alex are talking about the environment.
- Maria: “Our environment is getting more and more polluted. Do you think so?”
- Alex: “_________ It’s really worrying. ”
A. I’ll think about that. C. I can’t agree with you more
B. I don’t agree D. I don’t think so.
20. “How long have you learnt Japanese?” – “ ”
A. For 2005 B. I learnt it at my university
C. Since I was 10 D. It lasted 3 months.
21. “It is going to rain tomorrow?” – “ ”
A. I think not B. I bet C. Just a moment D. I don’t hope so.
22. “You look very pretty in this dress.” – “ ”
A. It’s so nice of you to say that B. Yes, it is fairly expensive
C. I see what you mean D. Thanks for your wish.
23. “Huy hasn’t finished his assignment, has he?” – “ ”
A. Yes, he has. He hasn’t finished it yet B. Yes, he hasn’t. He too lazy
C. No, he has in spite of being a good student D. No, he hasn’t because of his illness.
24. “When will our factory be expanded?” – “ ”
A. It was expanded in 1996 B. It depends on our director’s decision
C. I didn’t hear about it D. That’s good news.
25. “You’re late again, Peter.” – “ ”
A. It’s none of your business B. Only 5 minutes left.
C. I’m sorry. My car was broken this morning. D. I expect not to be fired.
26. “I’m meeting some friends for a meal in town tomorrow. Fancy joining us?” “
”
A. That’s fine B. What’s the time now?
C. I am not sure. What time? D. Fine. I won’t!
27. “Excuse me. I have a reservation for tonight.” – “ ”
A. Just a moment, please, while I check B. I liked that one, too.
C. Wonderful! I’d like to her some of your ideas. D. What’s up?
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28. “Don’t forget. We are invited out to dinner tonight.” – “ ”
A. Oh, I almost forgot B. It’s so unforgettable
C. OK, I’ll try it first. D. I remember you.
29. “ Dr. Jonas can see you next Thursday. Do you prefer morning or afternoon?” – “
”
A. That would be fine B. Morning is best for me
C. I am looking forward to seeing you D. Thank you very much.
30. - “Shall we join the Green Summer Camp after the semester finishes?”
- “ ”
A. That’s a great idea! B. They’re very good!
C. Not at all! D. No, let’s!
31. “Thanks for your support for our campaign!” - “ ”
A. I don’t bother B. That’ll be fine for me
C. It’s my pleasure. D. That’s a nuisance.
32. “Why don’t we send them some textbooks, newspapers and picture books?” - “ ”
A. Great idea! What meaningful gifts! B. No, they are not available.
C. We’re sorry to hear this. D. you should agree with us.
33. “As far as I know, doing charity work is a really helpful thing for everyone in the society.” “ ”
A. That sounds great. B. I couldn’t agree with you more.
C. I’ll take part in this campaign. D. That’s fine for me.
34. “If I were you, I would collect this waste paper for a charity activity at school.” “
”
A. I guess I shouldB. It doesn’t matter. C. I don’t agree D. It’s a waste of money.
35. “Guess what? I’ve been recruited to be a member of Green Dream Volunteer Group.” “
”
A. Good luck next time! B. It doesn’t make sense to me.
C. That’s the least thing I could do for you. D. That’s great! Congratulations!
36. “Mom, may I go away to Quang Binh at the weekends to help the unlucky people there?” “ ”
A. Never mind. Your first priority is to study. B. No way, you’ve run out of time.
C. No, of course, I won’t. D. Yes, of course. That’s a good thing to do.
37. Nam and Lan are talking about the jobs which only men or women can do.
- Nam:“Do you think that there are any jobs which only men or only women can or should do?"
- Lan:“________”
A. Men are better at certain jobs than women.
B. I agree. This really depends on their physical strengths and preferences.
C. Women and men should cooperate with each other.
D. Men are often favoured in certain jobs.
38. Mary is talking to her professor in his office.
- Mary:“Can you tell me how to find material for my science report, professor?”
- Professor:“________”
A. I like it that you understand. B. Try your best, Mary.
C. You can borrow books from the library. D. You mean the podcasts from other students?
39. Teacher: “Jannet, you’ve written a much better essay this time. ”
- Jannet: “ ______”
A. Writing? Why? B. Thank you. It’s really encouraging.
C. You’re welcome D. What did you say? I’m so shy.
40.– Ruby: I think married women should not go to work.
– Hana: ______ They will be financially dependent and have no decisions or power.
A. I quite agree. B. Absolutely!
C. That’s right. D. I don’t quite agree.
41. John: “Do you think that we should use public transportation to protect our environment?”
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 - Laura: “_______”.
A. Of course not. You bet! B. Well, that’s very surprising.
C. There’s no doubt about it. D. Yes, it’s an absurd idea.
42. -“How do you like your steak done?”
-“________.”
A. I don’t like it much B. Very little C. Well done D. Very much
43. - Lora: “Your new blouse looks gorgeous, Helen!”
- Helen: “_______”.
A. Thanks, I bought it at Macy’s B. It’s up to you
C. I’d rather not D. You can say that again
44. -“______.”
-“Never mind, better luck next time.”
A. I’ve broken your precious vase. B. I have a lot on my mind.
C. I couldn’t keep my mind on work. D. I didn’t get the vacant position.
45. : - “I had a really good time. Thank you for the lovely evening.”
- “_________.”
A. Yes, it’s really good B. No ,it’s very kind of you
C. I’m glad you enjoyed it D. Oh, that’s right
46.: Alice and Pete are talking about how to protect the environment.
_ Alice: “ I think we should recycle these bags. It will help protect the environment.”
_ Pete: “_________.”
A. You can say that again B. I can’t agree with you more
C. It’s rubbish. We shouldn’t use it D. Never mind
47.: Alfonso and Maria are discussing about the Jeffersons.
_Alfonso: “What do you think of the Jeffersons?”
_Maria: ”________.”
A. Oh, I don’t think of him
B. Oh, they are not having the choice
C. Although they appeared reserved at first, they are very sociable
D. No, it’s very kind of them to have an outgoing personality
48. Mary is tired and she is talking about her health problem with John.
_ Mary: “I’m feeling a bit under the weather.”
_ John: “_________”
A. Maybe I’m not going to the doctor’s. C. Not bad. I’m going to the doctor’s.
B. Maybe you should take a rest D. Not very well. Thanks.
12. TAGS
I. LÝ THUYẾT
Câu hỏi đuôi là câu hỏi mà phần hỏi nằm ở cuối câu. Câu hỏi đuôi có 2 phần: phần dẫn và phần hỏi. Khi phần dẫn ở khẳng
định thì phần hỏi ở phủ định, và ngược lại.
1. Cấu trúc thông thường của câu hỏi đuôi

Động từ Phần dẫn Phần hỏi

She is nice, isn’t she?
BE
She isn’t nice, is she?
V khiếm You can swim, can’t you?
khuyết You can’t swim, can you?
They have arrived late, haven’t they?
Trợ V
They haven’t arrived late, have they?
V thường He goes by bus, doesn’t he?
He doesn’t go by bus, does he?
He went by bus, didn’t he?

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 He didn’t go by bus, did he?
2. Các dạng đặc biệt của câu hỏi đuôi
Phần dẫn Phần hỏi
There … … there?
I am … aren’t I?
This / That … … it?
These / Those … … they?
Let’s … shall we?
You’d better … hadn’t you?
You’d rather … wouldn’t you?
Let me … will/won’t you?
Everyone(body)/Someone(body)/ … they?
Anyone(body)/No one(body) …
Everything/Something/Anything/Nothing … … it?
Câu mệnh lệnh will/would/can/could you?
Ghi chú: Nếu phần dẫn ở khẳng định nhưng có các từ mang nghĩa phủ định (never, seldom/rarely/hardly, neither, nor, no
longer/no more, no one/nobody, nothing) thì phần hỏi vẫn ở khẳng định.
VD: No one lives in this house, do they?
She is never late for school, is she?
B. BÀI TẬP
Chọn từ/cụm từ thích hợp để hoàn thành các câu sau:
1. We should call Rita, _______________?
A. should we B. shouldn’t we C. shall we D. should not we
2. Monkeys can’t sing, ______________?
A. can they B. can it C. can’t they D. can’t it
3. These books aren’t yours, ____________?
A. are these B. aren’t these C. are they D. aren’t they
4. That’s Bod’s, ____________?
A. is that B. isn’t it C. isn’t that D. is it
5. No one died in the accident, ______________?
A. did they B. didn’t they C. did he D. didn’t he
6. The air-hostess knows the time she has been here, ______________?
A. does she B. isn’t it C. doesn’t she D. did she
7. This is the second time she’s been here, ______________?
A. isn’t this B. isn’t it C. has she D. hasn’t she
8. They must do as they are told, ________________?
A. mustn’t they B. must they C. are they D. aren’t they
9. He hardly has anything nowadays, _________________?
A. hasn’t she B. has he C. doesn’t he D. does she
10. You’ve never been in Italy, _________________?
A. have you B. haven’t you C. been you D. had you
11. Sally turned her report, ________________?
A. didn’t she B. did she C. hadn’t she D. didn’t she
14. You have a ticket to the game, _______________?
A. have you B. don’t you C. haven’t you D. do you
15. Tom knows Alice, _____________?
A. doesn’t he B. is he C. does he D. isn’t he
16. Come into the kitchen, _____________?
A. do you B. will you C. won’t you D. B and C
17. Everybody likes beauty, ___________________?
A. doesn’t he B. do they C. don’t they D. does he
18. Peter never comes to class late, ________________?
A. doesn’t he B. doesn’t Peter C. does he D. does Peter
19. I’m going to see my grandparents in HCM City next week, _______________?
A. aren’t I B. am I not C. are you D. A and B
20. Your baby is very lovely, ______________?
A. is he B. isn’t he C. is it D. isn’t it
21. Lisa’s been able to play the flute since she was six, ____?

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 A. can’t she B. isn’t she C. wasn’t he D. hasn’t she
22. Neil seemed to have a good time at the party, ____?
A. hadn’t he B. had he C. did he D. didn’t he
23. There has not been a great response to the sale, ____?
A. does there B. hasn’t there C. has there d. hasn’t it
24. You are going to come to the party, ____?
A. aren’t you B. do you C. will you D. won’t you
25. We didn’t eat here last week, ____ we?
A. didn’t B. did C. haven’t D. do
26. Let’s have a drink, ________?
A. will you B. shall we C. do you D. don’t you
27. You have ever heard about Yuri Gagarin, ____?
A. do you B. haven’t you C. don’t you D. didn’t you
28.I think he will join us, ________?
A. doesn’t he B. won’t he C. will he D. don’t I
29.No one is better cook than his mother, ________?
A. is she B. isn’t she C. are they D. aren’t they
31. She’s finished the course, ?
A. isn’t she b. doesn’t she c. didn’t she d. hasn’t she
32. Let’s go out for dinner, ?
A. do we b. don’t we c. will we d. shall we
33. You’ve never had a girlfriend before, _ you?
A. haven’t b. have c. had d. hadn’t
34. You have tea for breakfast, you?
A. didn’t b. haven’t c. don’t d. won’t
35. You stopped at the traffic lights, you?
A. don’t b. do c. did d. didn’t
36. Many young people want to work for a humanitarian organization, ?
A. doesn’t it b. does it c. didn’t they d. don’t they
37. You haven’t met each other, ?
A. have you b. do you c. did you d. will you
38. John gave you the book yesterday, ?
A did he b. didn’t he c. did John d. didn’t it
39. You don’t know where she is, ?
A. don’t you b. do you c. isn’t she d. is she
40. You can speak English, ?
a. can’t you b. can you c. do you d. don’t you

13. INVERSION OF SUBJECTS AND VERBS

(Sự đảo ngữ giữa chủ ngữ và động từ)

A. LÝ THUYẾT
Đảo ngữ chủ ngữ - Trợ động từ (động từ trợ giúp) được áp dụng trong các trường hợp sau:
1. Khi if ở câu điều kiện biến mất
VD: If I had known the truth, I would have told you.
-> Had I known the truth, I would have told you.
2. Khi SO + ADJ đứng đầu câu
VD: The exercise is so difficult that I can’t do it.
-> So difficult is the exercise that I can’t do it.
3. Khi câu đứng sau các từ/ cụm từ: AS (như), NEITHER (không). NOR (không), SO (cũng vậy), NOT (only)
(không), NEVER, SELDOM/HARDLY/RARELY (hiếm khi), ONLY (chỉ), NO, LITTLE (ít), MANY, SUCH (như
thế), NO LONGER/ NO MORE (không còn nữa), VD: Neither does he smoke nor drink.
- “I can’t speak English.” – “Nor can I.”

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 She seldom comes to school late.
-> Seldom does she come to school late.
4. Adj+ as+ S+ V. ex: busy as he is, he tries to do all well.
5. NO SOONER … THAN/ SCARCELY … WHEN (ngay liền khi … thì …), UNTIL
B. BÀI TẬP
Chọn từ/cụm từ thích hợp để hoàn thành các câu sau:
1. - "This store has such high prices". - "I agree. Never again___________ here".
a. I wll shop b. will I shop c. I do shop d. shop I
2. - "Is this machine often in need of repair?" - "No, ___________ problems to arise".
a. Seldom don't we expect b. We expect seldom c. Seldom we expect d. Seldom do we expect
23. - "I can't see the stage very well from here". - "___________"
a. Neither can't I b. Neither I can c. I can't neither d. Neither can I
4. Not until the early 1900s___________ to vote in the United States.
a. women were allowed b. were women allowed c. they allowed women d. when women were allowd
5. Only recently___________ a favourite sport in the United States.
a. has jogging become b. has become jogging c. when jogging became d. as jogging has become
6. - "This is one of the oldest trees in the world" - "___________ such a big tree".
a. Never I have seen b. I haven't never seen c. Never have I seen d. I have seen never
7. - "What happened to jean' new car?" - "No sooner___________ it than someone ran into her"
a. had she bought b. she bought c. did she bought d. she ad bought
8. - "I would like to apply for the sales position you advertised"
- "I'm sorry. No longer___________ applications for that position".
a. are taking we b. we are taking c. are we taking d. we taking
9. Amoebas reproduce by dividing___________
a. and other protozoans b. as do other protozonas c. other protozonas do too d. we taking
10. ___________ a higher concentration of people than in Tokyo and Mexico City.
a. nowhere there is b. Nowhere is c. Nowhere is there d. Nowhere there ins't
11. Never ________ me again.
a. will be she love b. she loves c. she won't love d. she will love
12. Not only_______ but she is also very intelligent
a. she is beautiful b. beautiful she is c. is she beautiful d. beautiful is she
13. No sooner___________ out that it rained.
a. did I go b. I went c. had I gone d. I had gone
14. Seldom___________ the guitar.
a. he plays b. does he play c. he doesn't play d. he does play
15. Hardly___________a wrok whether son came back.
a. couldn't she say b. she could say c. she couldn't say d. could she say
16. Often___________ a meeting.
a. do we have b. we do have c. have we d. we have
17. Many a time___________ he wants to maary me
a. said he b. he said c. has he said d. he has said
18. Only at weekend___________ my kids to Water Park
a. I don't take b. do I take c. I take d. I do take
19. So old ___________ that she couldn't dance.
a. She wasn't b. she was d. wasn't she d. was he
20. _______ here yesterday, you would have met me.
a. Were you b. you were c. Had you been d. You had been
21. On the battle field___________
a. the tanks did lie b. the tanks lay c. did the tanks lie d. lay the tanks

22. At no time___________ greater opportunities.

a. did women had b. has women had c. does women have d. have women had
23. Not once________ into her eyes.
a. he looked b. does he looked c. did he look d. looked he
24. ___________ has the work bee so easy.
a. Never b. only by c. When d. For
25. Now here___________ such cooperative staff.
a. you can find b. you found c. you could find d. can you find
26. Never before___________ in an carnest attempt to resolve their differences.
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 a. have the leaders of these two countries met b. the leaders of these two countries have met
c. have the leaders of these two countries meet d. met the leaders of these two countries
27. Not only the child, but also the grandparents___________
a. is joining b. joins c. were joining d. has joined
28. Seldom___________ a newspaper.
a. buys Anna b. does Anna buy c. bought Anna d. Anna does buy
29. Not only__________ at the post office, ___________ at the grocery store.
a. does Mary work/but she also works b. works Mary/but she also works
c. does Mary work/but does she also work d. had entered she
30. No sooner___________ the house than the phone started to ring.
a. had she entered b. she had entered c. entered she d. had entered she
31. Only by saving money___________ a house.
a. he buys b. he can buy c. can he buy d. buy she
32. Not even once___________ the truth
a. he tells b. he tell c. tells he d. has she told
33. Choose the correct inverted form.
a. Into the room came the teachers
b. Not only lazy she is but she is naughty
c. No sooner had he drunk a cup of coffee than he asked another.
d. A and care correct
34. Not only___________ beautiful but she is graceful as well.
a. did she b. she was c. is she d. she is
35. No sooner___________ than he begins to be washed.
a. is a human being born b. was a human being born c. a human being born d. a human
being had been born
36. Seldom___________ treated like that.
a. I have been b. am I c. I am d. I had been
37. Over there___________ the shop that sells souvenirs.
a. is b. are c. has d. have
38. Never before___________ such a disaster.
a. they suffer b. they have suffered c. had they suffered d. they had suffered
39. Only if I had known the difference___________ the more expensive car.
a. would I bought b. I would have bought c. would I buy d. would I have bought
40. Neither Mary nor her friends___________ going to the party.
a. is b. are c. was d. a or b
41. Only once a day___________ home.
a. does Mary leave b. left Mary c. Mary leaves d. will Mary left
42. Only once a day___________ home.
a. we can speak b. can we speak c. we speak d. we cannot speak
43. Many a time___________ this mistake.
a. he makes b. he has made c. did he make d. will he make
44. Never___________ the exact cause of earthquakes.
a. scientists discovered b. did scientists discoveredc. do scientists discover d. have scientists discovered
45. Nowhere else___________
a. they can go b. can they go c. they can't go d. can't they go
46. Only when at home___________ her children
a. does she scold b. she scolds c. has she scolded d. she has scolded
47. Not a penny___________ me.
a. did he give b. he gave c. he has given d. he has gave
48. No longer___________ women bear a lot of children.
a. does b. did c. doing d. do
49. Among them___________ several sacks of white flour.
a. were b. is c. be d. are
50. On a hill in front of them___________ a great castle.
a. standing b. stand c. to stand d. stood

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 9. ARTICLES (mạo từ)

A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. Mạo từ không xác định a hoặc an
1. Vị trí
Chúng ta dùng an trước 1 nguyên âm theo cách đọc và a trước 1 phụ âm theo cách đọc.
VD: a book a uniform an alarm an hour
2. Cách dùng
Mạo từ a/an có nghĩa là “một”, được dùng trước 1 N đếm được số ít. A/an không được dùng trước N không đếm được.
VD: a chair (NOT a water)
Chúng ta dùng a/an:
 khi chúng ta đề cập đến thứ gì đó có tính chất chung chung không cụ thể, đặc biệt.
VD: I like a banana.
 khi chúng ta đề cập đến thứ gì đó lần đầu tiên.
VD: There is a man at the door.
 sau to be và have got khi chúng ta miêu tả người nào đó hoặc thứ gì đó, hoặc nghề nghiệp của người nào đó
VD: She is a teacher.
She’s got a lovely smile.
It’s a nice day.
 với đơn vị đo lường (trọng lượng, số lượng, thời gian)
VD: 2 dollars a kilo, three times a day, once a week
 trong câu cảm thán
VD: What a lovely day!
II. Mạo từ xác định the
Mạo từ the không có nghĩa, được dùng trước N cả đếm được lẫn không đếm được, cả số ít lẫn số nhiều.
Chúng ta dùng the khi chúng ta đề cập đến thứ gì đó/ ai đó cụ thể, xác định. Điều này gồm:
khi nội dung của câu chỉ rõ vật/ người cụ thể mà chúng ta đang nói đến.
VD: The people next door have invited us round for a drink.
I’ll wear the dress I bought last week.
khi điều gì đó được đề cập đến lần thứ hai (lần đầu tiên ta dùng a/ an)
VD: There is a man at the door. I think it’s the man from the garage.
khi chúng ta đề cập đến 1 nơi, 1 người, 1 vật cụ thể mà người nói và người nghe đều biết là điều gì đang được đề cập đến.
VD: I think your keys are in the kitchen. (our kitchen or the kitchen here)
khi chỉ có 1 thứ duy nhất
VD: the sun the world the weather the earth
trước một số N tập hợp đề cập đến 1 nhóm người, bao gồm tên của 1 dân tộc, 1 đảng phái chính trị hay 1 nhóm người.
VD: the British (người Anh), the Italians, the police, the government, the public (công chúng), the army (quân đội), the
Conservative (đảng Bảo thủ)
trước một số tính từ để tạo thành N chỉ những người có đặc điểm của tính từ nói chung
VD: the rich the poor the disabled the young
trước các buổi trong ngày
VD: in the morning/ the afternoon/ the evening
trước tên của các con tàu thủy, tờ báo, tạp chí và một số ban nhạc
VD: The New York Times, The QE2, The Berlin Orchestra
trước số thứ tự và so sánh nhất
VD: It’s the best film I’ve ever seen.
That’s the third time she’s phoned.
trước các loại nhạc cụ khi chúng ta nói về việc chơi chúng
VD: I can play the piano. (BUT I’ve just bought a piano.)
trước tên của biển, sông, quần đảo, dãy núi, sa mạc, khu vực, và tên của một số quốc gia
VD: the Atlantic Ocean, the River Nile, the Himalayas, the Sahara, the north/ south/ east/ west, the Philippines, …
III. Không dùng mạo từ
Chúng ta không dùng mạo từ trước N trong các trường hợp sau:
khi chúng ta đề cập đến điều gì đó với nghĩa chung chung.
VD: Books are very important to me.
với tên riêng
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 VD: Helen’s gone to Paris.
I’m going away on Friday.
với việc ăn các bữa ăn
VD: I often have breakfast at 6:00. (BUT It’s a lovely breakfast.)
với school, class, college, university, home, work, church, bed, hospital, prison, town khi chúng ta nói về việc đi đến những
nơi này hoặc ở trong chúng
VD: My son goes to school every day.
* với việc chơi các môn thể thao
VD: I play football every day.
* với by + phương tiện đi lại
VD: I go to work by bus.
* với next/last + week, ngày trong tuần, …
VD: next Sunday, last night, next time
BÀI TẬP VỀ MẠO TỪ
Chän ph¬ng ¸n ®óng ®Ó hoµn thµnh c¸c c©u sau:
1. I would live to live by _____ sea
a. the b. a b. an d. 
2. Harry is a sailor. He spends most of his life at______ sea.
a. a b. an c. the d. 
3. There are billions of stars in ______ space.
a. a b. an c.  d. the
4. He tried to park his car but______ space wasn't big enough.
a. the b. a c. an d. 
5. We often watch______ television
a. the b. a c. an d. 
6. Can you turn off______ television, please?
a. the b. a c. an d. 
7. We had______ dinner in a restaurant.
a. b. an c.  d. the
8. We had______ meal in a restaurant.
a. a b. an c. the d. 
9. Thank you. That was______ very nice lunch.
a. a b. an c. the d. 
10. Where can______ people buy everything they need?
a. the b. a c. an d. 
11. Her parents are now working in ______ Europe.
a. the b. a c. an d. 
12. He majors in ______ English.
a. a b. an c. the d. 
13. Mark Twain, ______ American writer, wrote "Life on the Mississippi River".
a. an b. a c. the d. 
14. Paris is splendid by ______ night.
a. a b. an c. the d. 
15. We might be able to catch______ last train if we hurried.
a. a b. an c. the d. 
16. ______ used razor blade is______ useless thing.
a. The/ the b. A/ a c. An/ an d. 
17. We live at______ third house from the church.
a. the b. a c. an d. 
18. My aunt has______ interesting novel.
a. the b. an c. a d. 
19. It was______ best film I had ever read.
a. the b. an c. a d. 
20. A video lab is______ useful mean for language learning.
a. the b. an c. a d. 
21. Lan went to ______ school to meet her teacher.
a.  b. a c. an d. the

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 22. The workmen went to ______ church to repair the roof.
a.  b. the c. a d. an
23. Carol went to ______ prison to meet her brother.
a. the b. a c. an d. 
24. This morning I bought a newspaper and a magazine. ______ newspaper is in my bag but I don't know where ______
magazine is.
a. a/ a b. a/ the c. the / the d. the / a
25. My parents have ______ cat and ______ dog. The dog never bites the cat.
a. a/ a b. a / the c. the/ the d. the/ a
26. We live in______ big house in ______ middle of the village.
a. a/ a b. a / the c. the/ the d. the/ a
27. I'm looking for ____ job. Did Mary get_____ job she applied for?
a. a/the b. the / a c. a/ a d. the/ the
28. Did______ police find ______ person who stole your bicycle?
a. a/a b. the / the c. a / the d. the / a
29. We went out for ______ meal last night. ______ restaurant we went was excellent.
a. a/a b. the/ the c. a / the d. the / a
30. As I was walking along the street, I saw ______$10 note on ______ pavement.
a. a/a b. the/ the c. a/the d. the/ a
31. The Soviet Union was______ first country to sent a man into ______ space.
a. the/the b. /  c. /the d. the/ 
32. Did you watch "Titanic" on ______ television or at______ cinema?
a. the/the b.  / c. /the d. the/ 
33. After______ lunch, we went for a walk by ______ sea.
a. the/ the b. /  c. /the d. the/ 
34. Peru is______ country in south America______ capital is Lima
a. a/a b. a / the c. the/ the d. the/ a
35. I never listen to ______ radio. In fact I haven't got______ radio.
a. a/a b. a/ the c. the/ the d. the/ a
36. It was a beautiful day______ sun shone brightly in ______ sky.
a. a/a b. a/ the c. the/ the d. the / a
37. It is said the Robinhood robbed______ rich and gave the money to ______ poor.
a. a/a b. a/ the c. the/the d. the/a
38. Life is not so easy for______ unemployed.
a. the b. a c. an d. 
39. Many people were killed in the accident. The bodies of ______ dead were taken away.
a. the b. a c. an d. 
40. Lan has been a nurse all her life. She has spent her life caring for ______ sick.
a. the b. a c. an d. 
41. It is estimated that about 640 women remain illiterate in ………………… world.
A. a B. an C. the D. X
42. Did you read ………………… book I lent you …………… last week.
A. a / the B. the / the C. the / X D. X / X
43. I went by ………………… train to …………………. West of England.
A. X / a B. X / the C. X / X D. the / the
44. We visited Canada and ………………. United States.
A. an B. a C. X D. the
45. I fell in ……………love with him because of his kind nature.
A. a B. the C. X D. an
46. …………….. schooling is compulsory in Australia between ………………. ages of six and seventeen.
A. The / X B. A / an C. X / the D. The / an
47. In ……………….most social situations , ……………..informality is appreciated.
A. X / X B. the / an C. a / the D. the / a
48. ………. love is ………..very strong feeling of affection towards someone who you are romantically attracted to.
A. The / the B. The / X C. A / the D. X / a
49. London is ……………………. of England.
A. a capital B. capital C. one capital D. the capital
50. Do you know exactly………………. number of Siberian tigers in China?

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 A. a B. an C. the D. X

10. PREPOSITIONS
(Giới từ)

A. LÝ THUYẾT
- Giíi tõ lµ tõ dïng ®Ó chØ mèi quan hÖ gi÷a danh tõ hoÆc ®¹i tõ víi mét tõ kh¸c trong c©u.
- Giíi tõ lu«n ®i tríc mét danh tõ hoÆc ®¹i tõ vµ c¸c danh tõ hoÆc ®¹i tõ ®ã gäi lµ t©n ng÷ cña giíi tõ.
- §¹i tõ n»m sau giíi tõ lu«n ph¶i ë h×nh thøc t©n ng÷: him, her......
- §éng tõ ®øng sau giíi tõ lu«n ë h×nh thøc Danh ®éng tõ (Ving)
1. Prepositions used for Time and for Places.
a) AT:
a.1) For time:
a.2) For places:
- at home/ school/ work - at the theatre - at the seaside
- at the corner of the street - at the grocer’s - at the foot of the page
- at the doctor’s - at the shop
- at the top - at the bottom
- at the biginning of/ at the end of (vµo lóc ®Çu/ cuèi)
- (To arrive) at the airport/ rainway station.
b) IN:
b.1) For time:
- In ®îc dïng tríc n¨m, th¸ng, mïa, buæi (trõ at night, at noon).
VD: in 1990, in August, in Spring, in the morning.
- In time: ®óng giê.
b.2) For places:
- In: ë trong
VD: in the living room/ in the box.
- In ®îc dïng tríc c¸c thµnh phè, ®Êt níc, miÒn, ph¬ng híng
VD: in London, in Hanoi, in France, in the east ........
b.3) Cách dùng khác
- in the street/ sky - in my opinion - in good/ bad weather
- in the newspaper - in the middle of - in English/ German
- in the rain/ sun - in the dark - in + time (in 2 days)
- in the water/ river/ sea - in a line/ queue - in a picture/ mirror/ photo
- in bed/ hospital/ prison - in the end: (cuèi cïng) - in love with
c) ON.
c.1) For time:
- On ®îc dïng tríc thø (ngµy trong tuÇn)
VD: on Sunday
- On ®îc dïng tríc ngµy th¸ng
VD: on August 12th
- On time: ®óng giê (chÝnh x¸c)
- On Christmas day
- On holiday/ on a trip/ on a tour
- On the occasion of (nh©n dÞp)
c.2) For places:
- On : ë trªn
VD: on the table - on the phone (®ang nghe ®iÖn tho¹i)
- On horseback (trªn lng ngùa) - on a diet (¨n kiªng)
- On foot (b»ng ch©n) (®i bé) - on fire (c¶m gi¸c bÞ bèc háa)
- On TV / on radio - on the left/ right (ë bªn tr¸i/ ph¶i)
- On the beach - on the 1st floor
4. BY.
- By ®îc dïng trong c©u bÞ ®éng nghÜa lµ ‘bëi’.
- By ®îc dïng ®Ó chØ ph¬ng tiÖn ®i l¹i (by bike, by car.....)
- By the time (ríc khi)
- By chance (t×nh cê)
- Learn by heart (häc thuéc lßng)
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 5. TO:
- TO thêng ®îc dïng sau ®éng tõ GO (go to the cinema..... nhng GO HOME).
- TO thêng ®îc dïng ®Ó chØ sù di chuyÓn :
VD: My father takes me to the cinema.
Marry invited me to her birthday party.
6. INTO:
- INTO cã nghÜa lµ vµo trong, ®îc dïng sau c¸c ®éng tõ : GO, PUT, GET, FALL (r¬i ng·), JUMP (nh¶y), COME ......
VD: go into the room, get into the train, put the pen into the bag, fall into the river, jump into the river and swim, come
into the house.....
- INTO cßn ®îc dïng ®Ó chØ sù thay ®æi cña ®iÒu kiÖn hoÆc kÕt qu¶:
VD: The rain changed into snow.
7. OUT OF: ra khái.
VD: He came out of the house./ He is looking out of the window.
8. WITH:
- With: cã nghÜa lµ cã, mang, cïng:
VD: A girl with blue eyes./ a coat with two pockets.
- With: ®îc dïng ®Ó chØ mét c«ng cô, ph¬ng tiÖn.
VD: He’s writing with a pen
- With: ®îc dïng ®Ó chØ sù liªn hÖ hoÆc ®ång hµnh, cã nghÜa ‘ cïng víi’
VD: I’m living with my parents.
- With: cßn cã nghÜa lµ ‘víi’
VD: Do you agree with me?
9. UNDER:
- Under: cã nghÜa lµ ë díi, ®Ó chØ vÞ trÝ phÝa díi mét vËt.
VD: The cat is under the table.
- Under cßn cã nghÜa lµ Ýt h¬n, thÊp h¬n.
VD: Children under fourteen years of age shouldn’t see such a film.
B. BÀI TẬP
Choose the best option to complete the following sentences
10. When studying abroad, Mary was very happy to get a phone call _____ her parents.
A. to B. for C. of D. from
11. Why don’t we stay ______ home _______ a change?
A. from/ as B. at / with C. at / for D. at/ on
12. A horse is always mounted ______ the left side.
A. on B. to C. from D. at
13. What would you like to have _____ lunch?
A. at B. in C. for D. of
14. Surgeons use lasers _______ miraculously accurate scalpels.
A. for B. as C. of D. with
15. There is a shop _____ front _____ my house.
A. at / in B. out / next C. in / of D. of / in
16. He jumped ______ until the stinging return to his feet.
A. on and off B. out and in C. down and up D. up and down
17. The summer is over. Pupils and students have to go ______ to school on Monday.
A. back B. on C. through D. into
18. I haven’t gone there _____ ages.
A. with B. in C. for D. of
19. Most college football games are played ______ Saturdays.
A. at B. in C. with D. on
20. Leaves turn color _______ the autumn.
A. for B. on C. at D. in
21. _____ the whole, I enjoy the movie.
A. On B. In C. At D. Up
22. She’ll come home ______ April.
A. on B. in C. at D. for
23. The art museum is located next _____ the museum of natural history on State Street.
A. to B. for C. on D. with
24. Minh was born_____ Ho Chi Minh city.
A. on B.at C.in D. up
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 25. Mai graduated _______ the University of Education.
A. from B. at C. in D. for
26. English is spoken in many countries all _____ the world.
A. in B. over C. at D. from
27. _______ many areas of the world, wars have made lives more miserable.
A. on B. from C. in D. at
28. When we arrived _______ the station, the last train had just gone.
A. in B. at C. for D. from
29. The pop singer has always received a large number of letter _____ her fans.
A. of B. from C. to D. on
30. Peter, together _______ his wife, paid us a visit last week.
A. of B. with C. along D. in
31. I’m so happy to hear from Mary because I haven’t seen her ______ last year.
A. for B. on C. since D. A and B
32. You cannot do well two jobs _____ the same time.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
33. I couldn’t find any place to go ______ holiday.
A. at B. for C. up D. on
34. The party begin at 7 o’clock and I’ll pick you up _____ 6: 30.
A. on B. in C. at D. from
35. An apple stand _____ the New York State.
A. for B. on C. up D. at
36. If someone knocks at the door ______ night, don’t open it.
A. at B. with C. in D. on
37. I bought a coat ______ my mother _______ the supermarket.
A. from / for B. for / at C. for / from D. for / in
38. The opposite ______ “old fashion” is “modern”.
A. at B. of C. to D. in
39. Did you hear the news ______ TV or read it ______ the newspaper?
A. at / on B. on / in C. in / in D. for / on

40. Teacher, are we expected to learn all the new words ______ heart?
A. in B. at C. by D. to
32. We started our journey ______ foot.
a. with b. by c. on d. in
33. We went there_______ car and stayed there for the whole day.
a. in b. on c. with d. by
34. I write letters _______ my right hand.
a. in b. by c. with d. at
35. You may write________ pencil.
a. with b. by c. in d. on
36. Mr. Foster lives_____ 667E 76th street______ New York.
a. in/in b. at/in c. on/in d. in/on
37. Is the United States the wealthiest country______ the world?
a. of b. in c. for d. of
38. When ______ Rome do as the Romans do.
a. with b. for c. in d. like
39. The art museum is located next_____ the museum of natural history on State Street.
a. to b. for c. on d. with
40. John F. Kenedy was the first President to be born____ the twentieth century.
a. in b. on c. at d. up
41. She'll come home ______ April.
a. on b. in c. at d. for
42. I like to shower in the morning, but my roommate likes to shower ____ night.
a. at b. on c. in d. with
43. I think I’d like to work ………….a farm.
A. in B. on C. above D. under
44. We stopped ………….a pretty village on the way to London.
A. below B. in C. towards D. at
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45. It was a lovely day. There wasn’t a cloud ………….the sky.
A. at B. above C. from D. in
46. It can be dangerous when children play football ………….the street.
A. on B. at C. in D. for
47. I was tired this morning, so I stayed in bed ………….half past ten.
A. by B. at C. until D. for
48. Ann is going away ………….a week in September.
A. for B. since C. as D. like
49. He took his girl friend ............. to dinner ................. her birthday.
A. off / on B. out / to C. with / on D. out / on
50. What time did you arrive ………….the station?
A. in B. of C. about D. for

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PHẦN XEM THÊM

15. LỐI NÓI PHỤ HỌA
A. LÝ THUYẾT
1. Phụ hoạ khẳng định:

Đi với TOO (mang nghĩa CŨNG VẬY)

(and) + S + am/is/are/ was /were + too
S + V…. (and) + S + do/does/did + too
(and) + S + modals + too
My sister is a doctor I am too. (tôi cũng vậy)
I work two hours a day She does too.
I can sing He can too.
Đi với SO (mang nghĩa CŨNG VẬY, nhưng có đảo ngữ)
(and) + so + am/is/are/ was /were + S
S +V…. (and) + so + do/does/did + S
(and) + so + modals + S
My sister is a doctor So am I. (tôi cũng vậy)
I work two hours a day So does she.
I can sing So can he.

2. Phụ hoạ phủ định:

Đi với EITHER (mang nghĩa CŨNG KHÔNG)

(and) + S + am/is/are/ was /were + NOT + either
S +V (NOT)…. (and) + S + do/does/did + NOT + either
(and) + S + modals + NOT + either
My sister isn’t a nurse I am not either. (tôi cũng không)
I doesn’t work on sunday She doesn’t either.
I can’t dance He can’t either.
Đi với NEITHER (mang nghĩa CŨNG KHÔNG, nhưng có đảo ngữ, không có NOT)
(and) + neither + am/is/are/ was /were + S
S +V (NOT)…. (and) + neither + do/does/did + S
(and) + neither + modals + S
My sister isn’t a nurse Neither am I. (tôi cũng không)
I doesn’t work on sunday Neither does she.
I can’t dance Neither can he.
Lưu ý: Trong câu có chứa “NEVER, NO, RARELY, SELDOM, HARDLY, NO LONGER, NO
MORE” => dùng phụ hoạ phủ định
VD: He never goes to school late. Neither do I.

B. BÀI TẬP
Bài tập 2: Chọn câu trả lời đúng nhất.
1. She is.....................a singer nor an actress.
A. nor B. both C. neither D. either
2. My friend never makes noise in the class.................................
A. Nor I don’t B. Neither do I C. I never don’t D. I don’t too
3. His telephone doesn’t work and mine doesn’t..............................
A. too B. neither C. so D. either
4. I never like horror movies. - Really?.........................................
A. Neither do I B. I don’t neither C. So do I D. I don’t, too
5. I haven’t got a ticket. ..........................have I.
A. Neither B. Nor C. Either D. A&B are correct
6. Jane goes to school, and....................................

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A. my sister does too B. does so my sister C. my sister does either D. .neither my sister
7. He has seen her plays, and so...........................
A. do the girls B. are the girls C. have the girls D. all are correct
8. Velazquez was a famous painter, and Rubens....................too.
A. is B. will C. has D. was
9. Tom has never been on time, and.............................................
A. his brother has too B. so is his brother C. his brother hasn’t either D. neither hasn’t his brother
10. They hardly do morning exercise and ...................................
A. we do either B. neither do we C. we do too D. so do we
11. He didn’t know the answer, and neither..............................I
A. was B. do C. did D. didn’t
12. She couldn’t attend the lecture, and her sister............................either
A. didn’t B. could C. wasn’t D. couldn’t
13. Your class hasn’t begun yet, and neither......................mine.
A. have B. has C. hasn’t D. haven’t
14. My father won’t come back next Sunday, and neither.........................yours.
A. will B. won’t C. does D. doesn’t
16. QUANTIFIERS
(TỪ CHỈ SỐ LƯỢNG)

A. LÝ THUYẾT
I. Chức năng của từ chỉ số lượng
Chúng ta dùng từ chỉ số lượng để nói về số lượng của danh từ. Từ chỉ số lượng đứng ở các vị trí sau trong câu:
- Trực tiếp trước danh từ
VD: many people much water
- Trước of + my/your/his/her/its/their/our/Tom’s/this/that/these/those/the +N
VD: most of my friends a few of these books
- Trước of + tân ngữ
VD: all of them most of us
II. Một số từ chỉ số lượng thông dụng
1. some (một vài, một số, một ít) và any (bất kì, tí nào cả)

some/any + N số nhiều/N ko đếm được

VD: some/any water some/any books
Cách dùng:
- Some thường được dùng trong câu khẳng định
VD: There are some letters for you.
I’ve got some letters.
- any thường được dùng trong câu phủ định, câu mang nghĩa phủ định và câu hỏi
VD: I never do any homework.
I haven’t got any money.
Have you got any money?
2. most (hầu hết)
most + N số nhiều/N ko đếm được
VD: most meat most apples
3. all (tất cả)
all + N số nhiều/N ko đếm được
VD: all wine all people
4. much và many (nhiều)
much + N ko đếm được
many + N số nhiều
VD: much sugar
many students
5. a lot of / lots of (nhiều)

a lot of / lots of + N ko đếm được/ N số nhiều

VD: a lot of beer a lot of pens
6. a great deal of (= much)

a great deal of + N ko đếm được

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VD: a great deal of time

7. a (large) number of (= many)

a (large number of + N số nhiều

VD: a number of teachers

8. every / each (mỗi, mọi, hằng)

every / each + N số ít đếm được

VD: every boy each day
9. (a) few và (a) little (một ít, một vài, ít)

(a) few + N số nhiều

(a) little + N ko đếm được

VD: (a) few jobs

(a) little rice
Ghi chú:
- a few và a little có nghĩa là có, nhưng ít
- few và little có nghĩa là hầu như không có
VD: His manner is very cold. He has few friends.
There is still a little work to do before we go home.
10. no (không)

no + N ko đếm được / N đếm được số ít và số nhiều

VD: no money
no hats
no letters
11. both (cả hai)

both + N số nhiều

VD: both pictures

12. either (một trong hai) và neither (không một trong hai)

either / neither + N đếm được số ít

VD: We would meet you on Saturday or Sunday. Either day is fine with me.
Neither road goes to the station.

either / neither of + N số nhiều

VD: Can either of your parents speak English?

Neither of these road go to the station.
13. several (một vài, một ít)

several + N số nhiều
VD: several days
Một vài ghi chú:
- Nếu sau từ chỉ số lượng có of (trừ a lot of/lots of, a number of, a great deat of) thì trước N phải có the, this, that,
these, those, my, our, his, her, your, its, their, Tom’s.
- Nếu trước từ chỉ số lượng có các trạng từ very, too, so, rather ta chỉ dùng các từ chỉ số lượng many, much, few,
little.
VD: many of my books / many books (NOT: many of books)
very much milk (NOT: very a lot of milk)

B. BÀI TẬP

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Chọn từ/cụm từ thích hợp để hoàn thành các câu sau:

1. Please go to _______ to pick up your ID card.
a. third window b. the window three c. window third d. the third window
2. May I have two ________ instead of beans, please?
a. corn's ear b. ear of corns c. corn ears d. ears of corn
3. If you want to find good information about graduate programs in the United States, look in ________ of the College
Blue Books.
a. volume two b. volume second c. the volume two d. second volume
4. Let's buy our tickets while I still have ________ left.
a. a few money b. a little moneys c. a few dollars d. a few dollar
5. The assignment for Monday was to read ______ in your textbooks.
a. chapter tenth b. the chapter ten c. chapter the tenth d. the tenth chapter
6. I always put my best __________ in a safe- deposit box.
a. jewelries b. jewelry's pieces c. chapter the tenth d. the tenth chapter
7. It's a shame that you have _______ time in New York on the tour.
a. so few b. so little c. a few d. a little
8. We haven't had ________ news from the disaster site since the earthquake.
a. many b. quite a few c. much d. some
9. John Kennedy was _________ of the United States.
a. the thirty-five president b. the thirty fifth president
c. the president thirty-fifth d. president the thirty-five
10. I'll have a cup of tea and __________
a. two toasts b. two piece of toasts c. two pieces of toast d. two pieces of toasts
11. The ticket agent said that the plane would be boarding at _________
a. the gate six b. sixth gate c. gate six d. the six gate
12. I will need _______ about the climate before I make a final decision.
a. a few informations b. a little informations c. a few information d. a little information
13. Sending_______- "Special delivery" costs about fifteen times as much as sending it "regular delivery".
a. mails b. a piece of mail c. a mail d. pieces of a mail
14. The Chicago bus is parked at __________
a. the lane two b. the two lane c. lane to d. lane the two
15. We don't have ______ tonight
a. many homeworks b. much homeworks c. many homework d. much homework
16. __________ ios the world's most abundant fossil fuel.
a. The coal b. Coal c. Coals d. A coal
17. ________ energy in a tornado is enormous.
a. The b. An c. A d. Some
18. The _________ of women earning Master's Degrees has risen sharply in recent years.
a. sum b. amount c. number d. addition
19. There is __________ rainfall on the Wst Coast of the United States than on the East Coats.
a. fewer b. less c. little d. few
20. In 1995______ Hawaii was admitted to the Union as the 50th State.
a. the b. a c. an d. no article
21. I have______ books of my own.
a. no b. not c. any d. much
22. Very______ people understand what he said.
a. some b. little c. few d. less
23. My mother gave me too______ money.
a. many a b. much more c. little d. many
24. I can't speak______ English.
a. many b. much c. very d. the best
25. Do you have_______ books?
a. little b. much c. some d. any
26. We still have _______ money.
a. many b. few c. some d. none
27. I did not see_______ seagulls soaring into the sky
a. some b. any c. no d. few
28. Some people can stand_______ criticism, others can’t stand_______
a. much/ any b. much/ a few c. a little/ some d. little/ few
29. Those are_______ books we still have this library.
a. few b. the few c. a few d. the little

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30. My daughter can make only few sandwiches with_______ flour left in that paper bag.
a. so much b. so may c. so few d. the little
31. Nowadays_______ women get university degrees.
a. either b. every c. both d. many

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