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Economic aspects and outlook
 Economic aspects

Source: Hagen, J. (2015). Industrial catalysis: a practical approach. John Wiley & Sons.
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 Economic aspects
US$ 17.2 billion: total
commercial value of all
catalysts worldwide is over in
2014
US$ 19.5 billion in 2016
(5.8% increase)
Estimates suggest that
catalysis contributes to >35%
of the world's GDP (gross
domestic product)
0.1%: the catalysts costs
amount of the product value in
crude oil refining processes.
0.22%: for petrochemicals
it has been estimated that
for every US$ 1 spent on a
catalyst, it can generate up
to US$ 1000 worth of
product

Rapid growth will occur in both Asia and the Middle East.
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 Economic aspects

Source: Hagen, J. (2015). Industrial catalysis: a practical approach. John Wiley & Sons.
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 Economic aspects

• more than 15 international companies

are producing about 100 fundamental
types of solid catalysts.

• Apart from these types, numerous

special catalysts exist tailored for certain
processes or plants and so-called
custom catalysts

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Economic aspects

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 Economic aspects

https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/catalyst-market

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 Economic aspects

https://www.grandviewresearch.com/industry-analysis/catalyst-market

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Economic aspects

• The catalysts for

automobile
emission control
are based on
precious metals
such as platinum,
palladium, and
rhodium.

• account for 10 %
of the cost of a
complete off-gas
purification unit.

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 Outlook

• The catalyst plays a key role in the manufacturing

industry

• The development of new products: industrial society

can only be technically, economically, socially, and
environmentally possible when there is a suitable
catalyst:
– Pure chemicals used in pharmaceuticals
– New materials
– Reduce pollution

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Outlook

New catalysts –
a key innovation in the future

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 Outlook
• The environmental and the
polymerization area are seen as the
growth market for catalysts
• Petroleum refining catalysts are expected
to be static.

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 Outlook
• Homogeneous Catalysis:
– new transition metal catalysts with new
ligands
– Pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals
– Asymmetric catalytic reactions
– CH activation of alkanes (ex: direct oxidation
of methane to methanol)
– CO2 chemistry
– multiphase catalysis

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 Outlook
• Heterogeneous Catalysis:
– modern in-situ techniques for catalyst
investigation
– Better removal of harmful impurities from raw
materials and intermediates
– Development of processes low in off-gases and
wastewater, including those for fine chemicals
– Reducing the number of process steps by
activation of simpler raw materials (e. g., alkanes)
– Replacement of expensive and less widely
available catalyst components (e. g., Pt by other
metals or metal oxides)

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 Outlook
• Use of Other, Cheaper Raw Materials:
– Development of catalysts for depolymerizing
mixed polymers
– Development of catalysts for the selective
synthesis of chemicals from CO and CO2
– Development of catalysts for the conversion
of cellulose and carbohydrates to chemicals
– Improve existing processes by reducing the
levels of CO2 produced as a byproduct

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 Outlook
• Catalysts for Energy Generation:
– Fuel cells
– Biofuel production
– Emission control

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 Outlook
• Strategies for Catalyst Development:
– Studies of reaction intermediates and
transition states
– New strategies of catalyst synthesis: single
molecular precursors, and synthesis of
porous framework around nanoparticles of
uniform particle size.
– Structure–activity relationships of catalysts

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Outlook

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Outlook

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