Mobile Application

Lecture 1

College of Science Suhail M. Abdulrahman

Computer Science(8th Semester) suhel.Abdulrahman@uoz.edu.krd
 What is an electronic device?
▪Electronic devices are physical devices that use electronic circuits and systems to process information, perform
tasks.

▪Here are examples:

1. Smartphones
2. Computer
3. Tablets
4. Televisions
5. Digital Cameras
6. Smartwatches
7. Audio Devices
 What is a smartphone?
▪A smartphone is a type of mobile phone that goes beyond basic calling and texting. It's like a mini-computer that
fits in your pocket. Smartphones can connect to the internet, run apps, take photos, play music and videos, and
do lots of other cool stuff.

▪Here are examples of smartphones from various manufacturers:

1. Apple iPhone (e.g., iPhone 13, iPhone 13 Pro)
2. Samsung Galaxy series (e.g., Galaxy S21, Galaxy Note series)
3. Google Pixel phones (e.g., Pixel 6, Pixel 6 Pro)
4. OnePlus phones (e.g., OnePlus 9, OnePlus 9 Pro)
5. Xiaomi phones (e.g., Xiaomi 11T, Xiaomi 11T Pro)
6. Huawei phones (e.g., Huawei P50, Huawei Mate series)
 What is Operating System?
▪A operating system (OS) is software that allows smartphones, tablets and other devices to run applications and
programs. A mobile OS provides an interface between the device's hardware components and its software
functions.

▪Here are examples of mobile operating systems along with the devices they work on:
1. Android: (Samsung, Google, OnePlus, and many others).
2. iOS: (iPhones and iPads).
3. HarmonyOS: (Huawei smartphones, tablets, smartwatches, and other Huawei devices).
4. KaiOS: (like Nokia, JioPhone, and other budget-friendly devices).
5. Windows Phone (Windows 10 Mobile): (Windows-based smartphones)
 What is a Mobile APP (Mobile Application)?
▪A mobile app (or mobile application) is a software application developed specifically for use on small, wireless
computing devices, such as smartphones and tablets, rather than desktop or laptop computers.

▪Mobile apps are sometimes categorized according to whether they are (web-based, native, hybrid and cross
platform) apps.
 Mobile app Challenges
▪Diversity of System Availability and Users:

Dealing with various operating systems and user preferences.

▪Diversity in Hardware Types:

Addressing different hardware specifications for various Android devices.

▪Security Concerns:

Protecting user data and ensuring app security against potential threats and cyberattacks is a critical challenge.

▪Battery Usage and Functionality:

Creating an app that works smoothly without using too much battery.
 Comparison of Mobile App Development approaches
Aspect Native Apps Web-Based Apps Hybrid Apps Cross-Platform Apps

Developed for specific

Combine web Built using frameworks
platforms using Accessed via web browsers
Development technologies within a for code deployment
platform-specific using web technologies.
native container. across platforms.
languages.
Performance might not
Offers high The performance of the app Aims for near-native
be as high as fully
performance and might different and it could performance and
Performance native apps but more
access to all device have limited access to device access to device
accessible features
features. features. features.
than web-based apps.

Separate codebases Single codebase for

Single codebase accessible Single codebase used
Codebase required for different deployment across
across platforms. for multiple platforms.
platforms. various platforms.

iOS apps (Swift, Websites accessed via mobile

(frameworks: React
Examples Objective-C), Android browsers(framework: (framework: Ionic)
Native, Flutter)
apps (Java, Kotlin) AngularJS (Angular))
 Before we dive deeper
What is a platform?
A platform: hardware architecture and a software framework
Hardware Examples: PCs, Macintosh, Mobile Devices, Mainframe.
Software Framework Examples: Adobe Air, Java Platform, Mono, .Net, Silverlight.
Platforms Examples: Android, iOS, Linux | Ubuntu, windows 8, Windows Phone
Platform Language IDE
Android Java, C, C++, Kotlin Android Studio
Blackberry Java Blackberry JDE, Eclipce

iOS Objective-C, Swift XCode, AppCode

Windows Phone C#, VB, C, C++ Visual Studio
 Cross-App Platform Framework
What is a cross-app platform?
▪Cross-platform app development frameworks allow developers to develop mobile applications that are
compatible with more than one operating system; in this case, iOS and Android.

▪It provides them with the ability to write the code once and then run it anywhere for other platforms, thereby
enabling them to release a product/software faster, safely, and with lower efforts.
 Top Cross-Platform App Frameworks
▪There are several cross-platform app frameworks out there, each with their own set of pros
and cons.

1-React Native:

▪ Developed by Facebook.

▪ Uses JavaScript and React to build native-like user interfaces.

▪ Popular for its performance and ability to reuse components.

 Top Cross-Platform App Frameworks(cont.)
2-Flutter:

▪ Developed by Google.

▪ Uses Dart programming language and provides a rich set of pre-designed widgets.

▪ Known for its expressive UI and fast development cycle.

3-Xamarin:

▪ Developed by Microsoft.

▪ Uses C# and .NET framework.

▪ Offers native-like performance and access to native APIs.

 Top Cross-Platform App Frameworks (cont.)
4-Ionic:

▪ Built on top of Angular and Apache Cordova.

▪ Uses web technologies (HTML, CSS, JavaScript).

▪ Suitable for creating web-based mobile apps.

5-Unity:

▪ Primarily used for game development.

▪ Supports cross-platform development for mobile, desktop, and web.

▪ Uses C# for scripting.

ANY QUESTIONS?