Electrical Design For High Rise Building-Engr Orville Singson

Engr. Orville R.
Singson, PEE
via Webinar Conference
July 04, 2020
Permission to share obtained from Engr. Orville Singson (THANK YOU) Page 1 of 122
Facilitator’s Profile
 CORE Powerlink System, Inc.
Managing Director
12 years experienced in Manufacturing set-up and 13

years Electrical Power System Design
Head – Technical & Training Committee 2020
 VP (Internal) – IIEE Metro-East Sector (2018)
 IIEE – Life Member ( 2008 )
 BSEE graduate – Mapua Institute of Technology (MIT)
 Registered Professional Electrical Engineer-April 2017
OUTLINE
 Introduction
 Electrical Design of a Single Storey/Occupancy Residential

Building
 Electrical Design Analysis and Calculations

 Feeder Size Determination
 Over-Current Protection Device Determination
 Voltage Drop Calculations
 Short Circuit Calculations
OUTLINE
 Electrical Design of a Multi-Family Dwelling Units in High-Rise
Building
 Electrical Design for Commercial.
 Electrical Design Analysis and Calculations
 Feeder Size Determination
 Over-Current Protection Device Determination
 Voltage Drop Calculations
 Transformer Size Determination
 Generator Size Determination
 Short Circuit Calculations
I. Introduction
Purpose
This presentation is intended for the licensed
electrical practitioner such (PEE, REE, and RME) starting
to prepare the electrical design plans. The discussion
contains the basic knowledge and requirements in the
electrical design of a single storey to multi-family
dwellings of the high-rise building.
2.1.2 Classification of a Building
2.1.2.1 According to Intended Use or Occupancy

Residential: A building which consist of one or more
dwelling units. A dwelling unit composed of one or more
rooms for the use one or more persons as a
housekeeping unit with space for eating, living, and
sleeping, and permanent provisions for cooking and
sanitation.
Commercial: A building which consist of one or more
commercial units for the use of owners or for the
others. A commercial unit composed of one or more
rooms for the use one or more persons which usually
for profit/business making enterprise.
Mixed-Use: combination of residentials, offices,
hotels, and retails development.
Electrical Design Analysis
 Is conducted to determine the characteristics of branch

circuit feeders, types, ratings and trip settings of overload
protective device, in order to overview the capabilities of
electrical systems.
 The purpose of design analysis is to be able to know the

proper size of feeder cable, and main over-current
protection device (OCPD), as well as to justify the use of
percentage demand factor.
Design Analysis
 1. General Lighting Loads 110 m² x 24VA/m² = 2640VA
Where:
110m² is the floor area as shown in the architectural layout
and the 24 volt-ampere is the unit load for dwelling units as per
Table 2.20.2.3
Provide one (1) 20A branch circuit. Although a 15AT circuit breaker
is adequate for the computed load, a 20AT circuit breaker is used
to take care of the expected possible additional loads. Refer to
section 2.40.1.6 for Standard Ampere Ratings for circuit breakers.
Use 2# 3.5mm², copper THWN, branch circuit conductors. Refer to

Table 3.10.1.16 for ampacity.
Design Analysis cont..:
2. Small Appliance Load = 1500VA
Load = (1) 20A @ 1,500 volt-amperes = 1,500VA
Where 1,500 volt-amperes is as per Section 2.20.3.13(a
I (Load) = 1,500 VA / 230 V = 6.52 Amperes

Provide one (1) 20A small appliance branch circuit as per Section
2.10.1.11(c)(1) or Section 2.10.3.3(b)(1). Refer to section 2.40.1.6 for
Standard Ampere Ratings for circuit breakers.
Use: 2# 3.5mm², copper THWN, branch circuit conductors. Refer to Table
3.10.1.16 for ampacity.
Use: 20mmØ Rigid PVC conduit. Refer to Table C10 for size of conduit which
can accommodate the 2#3.5mm² copper, THWN.
Standard Ampere Ratings
Table of Cable Ampacities
Table of Conduit Fill
3. Laundry Circuit Loads 1500VA
Load = (1) 20A @ 1,500 volt-amperes = 1,500VA

Where 1,500 volt-amperes is as per Section
2.20.3.13(b)
Provide one (1) 20A laundry branch circuit as per Section

2.10.1.11(c)(2) Refer to section 2.40.1.6(A) for Standard
Ampere Ratings for circuit breakers.
Use: 2# 3.5mm², copper THWN, branch circuit
conductors. Refer to Table 3.10.1.16 for
ampacity.
Use: 20mmØ Rigid PVC conduit. Refer to Table

C10 for size of conduit which can accommodate
the 2#3.5mm² copper, THWN.
Other Loads:
8.0kW Electric Range @ 80% D.F = 6400VA
Refer to Table 2.20.3.16

Use: 25mmØ Rigid PVC conduit. Refer to Table
C10 for size of conduit which can accommodate
the 2#8.0mm² copper, THWN.
Provide one (1) 40A electric range branch circuit .

Refer to section 2.40.1.6(A) for Standard Ampere
Ratings for circuit breakers.
1.0HP Room ACU, 8A x 230V = 1,840VA
Where 8.0A is as per Table 4.30.14.2

Rating of branch circuit protective device = 250% x 8.0A =
20A
Where 250% is the maximum inverse time rating of the
breaker as per Table 4.30.4.2, so provide 20A branch circuit
breaker for the room air-conditioner
Use: 2# 3.5mm², copper THWN, branch circuit conductors.
Refer to Table 3.10.1.16 for ampacity.
Use: 20mmØ Rigid PVC conduit. Refer to Table C10 for size
of conduit which can accommodate the 2#3.5mm² copper,
THWN.
Refer to Section 2.20.4.3(c)(1) as the room ACU is at

100% demand factor.
3.0HP Booster Pump, 17.0A x 230V = 3,910VA
Where 17.0A is as per Table 4.30.14.2
Rating of branch circuit protective device = 250% x 17.0A =
42.50A
Where 250% is the maximum inverse time rating of the
breaker as per Table 4.30.4.2, so provide 40A branch circuit
breaker for the Booster Pump.
Use: 2# 5.5mm², copper THWN, branch circuit conductors.
Refer to Table 3.10.1.16 for ampacity.
Use: 20mmØ Rigid PVC conduit. Refer to Table C10 for size of
conduit which can accommodate the 2#5.5mm² copper,
THWN.
Refer to Section 2.20.4.3(c)(1) as the Booster is at 100%

demand factor.
Design Analysis and Computations
Calculations for One-Family Dwelling Units
Design Analysis and Computations
Studio Type Unit (S35)
 1. General Lighting Loads 35 m² x 24VA/m² 840VA
 2. Small Appliance Loads 1500VA
 3. Laundry Circuit 1500VA
3840VA
 Application of Demand Factor
First 3000VA @ 100% DF 3000VA
Remainder @ 35% DF 294VA
Total Net Computed Load 3294VA
 Other Loads
 4. Refrigerator 800VA
 5. Aircon Load 5750VA
 6. Water Heater 5500VA
 7. Clothes Dryer 5000VA
 8. Electric Range 8000VA x 0.80 6400VA
26744VA
Service Conductor Ampacity
[26744VA + 25%(5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 40.67 A
Use: 4-14mm² THWN + 1-5.5mm² THWN as Grnd in 25mmØ

IMC (40.67/65A)
See Section 2.40.1.4 for the conductor and overcurrent protection ampere rating
Service Protection (Inverse Time Circuit Breaker)
[(26744VA-5750VA) + 250% (5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 52.13 A
Use: 60AT/100AF, 3P, 415V, 14kAIC MCCB
Source: PEC 2017 Appendix D p. 1047
One Bedroom Type Unit (1F66)
4584VA
First 3000VA @ 100% DF 3000VA
 Other Loads
27004VA
[27004VA + 25%(5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 41.05 A

IMC (41.05/65A)
[(27004VA-5750VA) + 250% (5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 51.42 A
Source: PEC 2017 Appendix D p. 1047
Two Bedroom Type Unit (2F106)

5544VA
First 3000VA @ 100% DF 3000VA
 Other Loads
27340VA
[27340VA + 25%(5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 41.53 A

IMC (41.53/65A)
[(27340VA-5750VA) + 250% (5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 51.91 A
 Penthouse Type Unit (P250)

 3. Cooking Loads
 a. Range Loads 3500VA x 2 units 7000VA
b. Induction Cooktop 3700VA
10700 VA
10700VA @ 55% DF 5885VA
(See Table 2.20.3.16)
 Other Loads
 4. Refrigerator Load 800VA

 5. Washing Machine Load 1500VA
 7. Water Heater Loads 16500VA
Total Other Load 23800VA

 = 23800VA x 0.40 DF = 9520VA
(See Art. 2.20.3.23) for Demand Factor 40%
 Total Net Computed Loads = 38655VA
[38655VA + 25%(2076VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 56.54A
Use: 4-22mm² THWN + 1-8.0mm² THWN as Grnd in

32mmØ IMC (56.54/85A)
Service Protection
[(38655VA-2076VA) + 250% (2076VA)] / 400V *1.732= 60.29A
 Source: PEC 2017 Appendix D p. 1048
Calculations for Multi-Family Dwelling Units
 Calculations for Multi-Family Dwelling Units
Studio Type
 1. General Lighting Loads = 840VA
 2. Small Appliance Load = 1500VA
 3. Laundry Circuit = 1500VA
 4. Refrigerator = 800VA
 5. Aircon Load = 5750VA
 6. Water Heater = 5500VA
 7. Clothes Dryer = 5000VA
 8. Range = 8000VA
Total Connected Loads = 27890VA x 5 units = 139,450VA
One Bedroom Type

 8. Range = 8000VA
Total Connected Loads = 29634VA x 11 units = 325974VA
Two Bedroom Type

 8. Range = 8000VA
Total Connected Loads = 30594VA x 4 units = 122,376VA
Penthouse Type
 8. Range = 8000VA
Total Connected Loads = 45550VA x 1 unit = 45,550VA
 Calculations for Meter Center (MC-1) up to 39 floors
Total Connected Loads
 1. Studio Type = 139,450VA
 2. One Bedroom Type = 325,974VA
 3. Two Bedroom Type = 122,376VA
Total Connected Loads = 587,800VA

Application of Demand Factor 38% (See Table 2.20.4.5)
= 587,800VA x 0.38 D.F.
= 223,364VA
[223364VA + 25%(5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 324.48A
Use: 4-250mm² THWN + 1-22mm² THWN as Grnd in

91mmØ IMC (324.48/375A)
Service Protection
[(223364VA-5750VA)+250% (5750VA)]/400V *1.732=334.85A
 Calculations for Meter Center (MC-2) 40 floor with Penthouse
Total Connected Loads
 1. Studio Type = 139,450VA
 2. One Bedroom Type = 325,974VA
 3. Two Bedroom Type = 122,376VA
 4. Penthouse = 45,550VA
Total Connected Loads = 633,350VA

Application of Demand Factor 37% (See Table 2.20.4.5)
= 633,350VA x 0.37 D.F.
= 234,339VA
[234339VA + 25%(5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 340.32A

91mmØ IMC (289.58/375A)
Service Protection
[(234339VA-5750VA)+250% (5750VA)]/400V *1.732=350.69A
Commercial/Office Loads
1. Food & Beverage (Heavy) assumed 100m²

Assumed Load Density 300 VA/m² + 5000VA
= (100m² x 300 VA/m²) + 5000VA
= 35,000 VA
Let say we have a total of 10 (F&B)
= 35,000 VA x 10 units
= 350,000 VA
1. Non F&B Retails loads assumed 100m²

Assumed Load Density 250 VA/m²
= 100m² x 250 VA/m²
= 25,000 VA
Total Number of 5 Retails
= 25,000 VA x 5 units
= 125,000 VA
125000VA / 400V*1.732 = 180A

63mmØ IMC (180/220A)
Service Protection
1. Parking loads assumed 17800m²

Assumed Load Density 8-10 VA/m²
= 17800m² x 10 VA/m²
= 178,000 VA
2 Building Admin Loads assumed 5000m²

Assumed Load Density 10 VA/m²
= 5000m² x 10 VA/m²
= 50,000 VA
Other Loads cont..:
1. Elevators 20HP,400V,3Ø,60Hz,
Assumed 6 elevators
= 6 units x 35,625VA
= 213,750VA x 0.79 D.F. = 168,750VA (See Table 6.20.2.4)
[168750VA + 25%(35625VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 256.43A

63mmØ IMC (256.43/285A)
Service Protection
[(168750VA-35625VA)+250% (35625VA)]/400V *1.732 =320.70A
Equation
M=
Where:
P – is rated passenger number in the car
75 – stands for 75kg/passenger
9.81 – is the acceleration due to gravity
s – is the rated speed
CF – is the counterweight factor (less than 1)
n – is the total efficiency of the installation (approx. 85%)
Other Loads cont..:
1. Transfer Pump 60HP,400V,3Ø,60Hz
Assumed 2 units Duty
= 2 units x 55,950VA
= 111,900VA
[111900VA + 25%(55950VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 181.70A

53mmØ IMC (181.70/190A)
Service Protection
[(55950VA)+250% (55950VA)]/400V *1.732 = 282.65A
Other Loads cont..:
2. Booster Pump 10HP,400V,3Ø,60Hz
Assumed 1 unit Duty
= 1 unit x 9,325VA
= 9,325VA
[9325VA + 25%(9325VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 16.82A
Use: 3-5.5mm² THWN + 1-5.5mm² THWN as Grnd in

16mmØ IMC (16.82/35A)
Service Protection
[250% (9325VA)]/400V *1.732 = 33.64A
Other Loads cont..:
3. Supply Fan 30HP,400V,3Ø,60Hz
Assumed 4 units
= 4 unit x 27,975VA
= 111,900VA
[111900VA + 25%(27975VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 171.61A

53mmØ IMC (171.61/190A)
Service Protection
[(83925VA)+250% (27975VA)]/400V *1.732 = 222.08A
Other Loads cont..:
4. Exhaust Fan 50HP,400V,3Ø,60Hz
Assumed 4 units
= 4 unit x 46,625VA
= 186,500VA
[186500VA + 25%(46625VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 286.02A

78mmØ IMC (286.02/305A)
Service Protection
[(186500-46625VA)+250% (46625VA)]/400V*1.732 = 370.14A
Other Loads cont..:
5. Lift Pressurization Fan 20HP,400V,3Ø,60Hz
Assumed 4 units
= 2 unit x 23,312VA
= 46,624VA
[46624VA + 25%(23312VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 75.71A

35mmØ IMC (75.71/100A)
Service Protection
[(23312VA)+250% (23312VA)]/400V *1.732 = 117.77A
Other Loads cont..:
6. Fire Stair Pressurization Fan 20HP,400V,3Ø,60Hz
Assumed 4 units
= 2 unit x 23,312VA
= 46,624VA
[46624VA + 25%(23312VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 75.71A

35mmØ IMC (75.71/100A)
Service Protection
[(23312VA)+250% (23312VA)]/400V *1.732 = 117.77A
Other Loads cont..:
7. Fire Pump 100HP,400V,3Ø,60Hz
= 93,250VA
[93250VA + 25%(93250VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 168.25A
Use: 3-80mm² FR Cable + 1-22mm² THWN as Grnd in

63mmØ IMC (168.25/190A)
Service Protection
(600% x 93250VA)/400V *1.732 = 807.59A
Other Loads cont..:
8. Jockey Pump 10HP,400V,3Ø,60Hz
= 9,325VA

[9325VA + 25%(9325VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 16.82A
Use: 3-5.5mm² FR Cable + 1-5.5mm² THWN as Grnd in

16mmØ IMC (16.82/35A)
Service Protection
(600% x 9325VA)/400V *1.732 = 80.75A
Compute for the Total Demand Loads
1. Residential loads = 587,800VA x 39 Floors
= 22924kVA + 633kVA
= 23557kVA x 23% D.F.
= 5418 kVA
Use: 2 units of 2.0MVA,3Ø,34.5kV-400/230V,60Hz

Pad Mounted Transformer
1 unit of 1.5MVA,3Ø,34.5kV-400/230V,60Hz
Compute for the Total Demand Loads
1. F&B Retails = 350,000VA

2. Non F&B Retails = 125,000VA
3. Building Admin = 50,000VA
4. Parking Loads = 178,000VA
5. Amenities = 350,000VA
6. Swimming Pool = 100,000VA
7. Elevators = 213,750VA
Compute for the Total Demand Loads cont..:
8. Transfer Pump = 111,900VA

9. Booster Pump = 9,325VA
10. Supply Fan = 111,900VA
11. Exhaust Fan = 186,500VA
12. Lift Press. Fan = 46,624VA
13. Fire Stair Press = 46,624VA
14. Fire Pump = 93,250VA
15. Jockey Pump = 9,325VA
Total Connected Loads = 1982198VA
= 1.98MVA
Applying Demand Factor = 70%
Total Demand Loads = 1.98MVA x 0.70 D.F

= 1.38MVA
Use: 1 units of 1.5MVA,3Ø,34.5kV-400/230V,60Hz

Calculations for Feeder and Protection
For Transformer 1 (Residential)
Full Load Current (A)
= 2886.83A
Ifl = 2886.83A x 1.25 = 3608.54A
Use: 3200A,Busduct,3W+N+G,600V,Cu
Use: 3200AT,3P,600V,65kAIC,ACB
Calculations for Feeder and Protection cont..:
= 2886.83A
Ifl = 2886.83A x 1.25 = 3608.54A
= 2165.12A
Ifl = 2165.12A x 1.25 = 2706.40A
For Transformer 4 (Common Loads)
= 2165.12A
Ifl = 2165.12A x 1.25 = 2706.40A
Calculations for Generators cont..:
For Generators
Total Loads = 7.0MVA x .80 = 5600kW
Use: 4 units of 1500kW,3Ø,400/230V,60Hz

Standby Generator sets
Total Load Current (A) = 2706.40A
Generators partial SLD cont..:
VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATIONS
Voltage Drop
 Voltage Drop is an important factor which must be taken

into consideration in wiring design. Such a loss is caused
by the reactance in circuit and resistance of the conductor
current flow.
Voltage Drop
RACEWAY LENGTH OF
TYPE CABLE
CABLE NO. OF SETS

IMPEDANCE OF CABLE
VOLTAGE
DROP
 Cable Impedances:
Shall be use to identify X and R parameters
a. PEC 2017 Table 10.1.1.9 p. 942
b. Catalogue
 Number of Cable Sets:

For Cables/ wires used for parallel operations
Can be used to mitigate voltage drops
 Length of wire:
Has an impact in determining total Impedance
of wire / cable
Cont…
 Type of raceway used:

 Different raceways affects the factors of X and R due to
ferro-magnetic prop.
 Type of Wire / Cable:

 This may also affect the values of
X & R specially for MV Cables (XLPE),
arrangements and frequency has also
an impact on Ampacity of the
conductor. (Flat-laid, Trefoil, etc.)
Voltage Drop
Calculations of Voltage drop. The residential/building wiring

designers should have a working knowledge of voltage drop
calculations, not only to meet the PEC/NEC code requirements, but
also to ensure that the voltage applied to utilization equipments is
maintained within proper limits. Source: IEEE Book
Feeder and Branch circuit – Computations should be based on the

5% maximum voltage drop from the service equipment to the
farthest branch circuit outlet. And hence, if the voltage drop at the
feeder is 3% then the maximum voltage drop at the branch circuit
should be 2% or vice versa. See PEC Sec. 2.10.2.1a FPN No. 4
ELECTRICAL CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENT SHOWING 5% VOLTAGE DROP
 Source: IEEE Gray Book
Table 10.1.1.9 (Alternating-Current Resistance and Reactance for
600Volts Cables. PEC 2017
Basic Assumptions and the Limitations of the Table
 1. Capacitive reactance is ignored.
 2. There are 3 conductors in a raceway.
 3. The calculated voltage drop values are approximate.
VOLTAGE DROP CAL. : Output (Results)
* Efficiency of
the system.
VOLTAGE
DROP * Compliance
with code
CALCULATION requirement.
Voltage Drop Calculations
The effective length of the main feeder is approximately 15m long, from
Transformer to LVSG and the feeder circuit currents as calculated is 2500A .
The Busduct is 3000A and copper.
Calculate the Voltage Drop
Where: I – line currents, amperes

R – line ac resistance, ohms
X – line reactance at 60hz, ohms
Refer to PEC 2017 Appendix D pp. 1057
Cont….
Step # 1: Find the value of resistance and reactance.
For 3200A Busduct (Feeder)
R = 1.439 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m; X = 0.801 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m
R = 1.439 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m x 15m

= 2.15 x 10ˉ⁴ Ω
X = 0.801 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m x 15m

= 1.20 x 10ˉ⁴ Ω
Cont….
 Step #2 : Find the approximate voltage drop.

 2.15 x 10ˉ⁴ 1.20 x 10ˉ⁴ 1.732
 = 1.066 V
 Step #3 : Find the approximate voltage drop expressed as

percentage of the circuit.
 %VD = (Vc / Vs) x 100

 = (1.066V / 400V) x 100
 = 0.266%VD
Cont….
 Step #4 : Find the voltage present at the load end of the circuit.
 V = (Vs - Vc)
 = 400V – 0.266V
 = 399.73 V
Cont….
The effective length of the main feeder is approximately 120 m long,
from LVSG to last floor of the building and the feeder circuit currents
as calculated is 2500A . The Busduct is 3000A and copper.
Cont….
Step # 1: Find the value of resistance and reactance
R = 1.439 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m; X = 0.801 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m
R = 1.439 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m x 120m

= 1.73 x 10ˉ³ Ω
X = 0.801 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m x 120m

= 9.61 x 10ˉ⁴ Ω
Cont….

 1.73 x 10ˉ³) 9.61 x 10ˉ⁴) 1.732
 = 8.57 V

 %VD = (Vc / Vs) x 100

 = ( 8.57V / 400V) x 100
 = 2.14 %VD
 Total %VD = 0.266 + 2.14 = 2.40 %VD
Cont….
 Step #4 : Find the voltage present at the load end of the circuit.
 Vt = (Vs - Vc)
 = 400V – (1.066V + 8.57V)
 = 390.36 V
 %VD = (Vc / Vs) x 100

 = (9.63V / 400V) x 100
 = 2.40%VD
Cont….
For Transformer 3
R = 2.879 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m; X = 1.557 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m
R = 2.879 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m x 15m

= 4.32 x 10ˉ⁴ Ω
X = 1.557 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m x 15m

= 2.33 x 10ˉ⁴ Ω
Cont….

 4.32 x 10ˉ⁴ 2.33 x 10ˉ⁴ 1.732
 = 1.36 V

 %VD = (Vc / Vs) x 100

 = (1.36V / 400V) x 100
 = 0.340%VD
Cont….
 Step #4 : Find the voltage present at the load end of the

circuit.
 Vt = (Vs - Vc)
 = 400V – 1.36V
 = 398.64 V
Cont….
The effective length of the main feeder is approximately
120 m long, from LVSG to last floor of the building and
the feeder circuit currents as calculated is 1600A . The
Busduct is 1600A and copper.
Cont….
R = 2.879 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m; X = 1.557 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m
R = 2.879 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m x 120m

= 3.45 x 10ˉ³ Ω
X = 1.557 x 10ˉ⁵ Ω/m x 120m

= 1.86 x 10ˉ³ Ω
Cont….
Step #2 : Find the approximate voltage drop.
3.45 x 10ˉ³ 1.86 x 10ˉ³ 1.732

= 10.86 V
Step #3 : Find the approximate voltage drop expressed as

%VD = (Vc / Vs) x 100

= (10.86V / 400V) x 100
= 2.72%VD
Cont….
Step #4 : Find the voltage present at the load

end of the circuit.
Vt = (Vs - Vc)
= 400V – (1.36V + 10.86V)
= 387.78 V
%VD = (Vc / Vs) x 100

= (12.22V / 400V) x 100
= 3.05%VD
Sample VD calculation for 3 phase load
 Example # 2. A 200HP, 3Ø, 400V, 60Hz electric motor

draws a 320A full load currents at 80% load power factor.
The system source is 230V. The circuit length is 60m away
from the panelboard which supplies a 3-325mm2 THWN
copper conductors in steel conduit. Calculate the voltage
drop.
Cont….
 Voltage Drop (VD) = IR cosθ + IX sinθ

Where: V – voltage drop in circuit, line-to-neutral
I – line currents, amperes
R – line ac resistance, ohms
X – line reactance, ohms
θ - angle whose cosine is the load power factor
cosθ – load power factor, in decimal
sinθ – load reactive factor, in decimal
Source: IEEE Gray Book
Cont….
 Step # 1: Find the value of resistance and reactance on the Table 10
 Solution:
 Zc = (R x cosθ) + (X x sinθ)
For 325mm2 (Feeder Motor Cable)
R = 0.025 ohms/305m; X = 0.048 ohms/305m
R = 0.025 ohms/305m x 60m

= 0.00491 Ω
X = 0.048 ohms/305m x 60m

= 0.00944 Ω
Cont….
 Step #2 : Find the impedance (Z) corrected to 0.80 power factor
(Zc)
 Find the angle representing the power factor 0.80

 arcosine(cos¹ 0.80) = 36.86°
 Zc = (0.00491 x 0.80) + (0.00944 x sin 36.86°)
 = (0.00392) + (0.00944 x 0.599)
 = (0.00392 + 0.00566)
 = 0.00958 Ω to neutral
Cont….
 Step #3 : Find the approximate line to neutral voltage

drop.
 Voltage Drop (VD) line to neutral = Zc x circuit load

 = 0.00958 x 320 A
 = 3.06 V
Cont….
 Step #4 : Find the approximate line to line voltage drop.
 Voltage Drop (VD) line to line = 3.06 V x √3

= 5.30 V

 %VD = (Vc / Vs) x 100

 = ( 5.30V / 400V) x 100
 = 1.32%VD
Cont….
 Step #6 : Find the voltage present at the load end of the

circuit.
 Vt = (Vs - Vc)
 = 400V – 5.30V
 = 394.7 V
SHORT CIRCUIT CALCULATIONS
SINGLE LINE DIAGRAM
Assumed MVA base = 100MVA
1. Utility: MVAsc = 500MVA X/R = 20
X/R = 20; θ = tanˉ¹ (20) = 87.13⁰
Rpu = cos (87.13⁰) x 0.20 = 0.010 pu
Xpu = sin (87.13⁰) x 0.20 = j0.199 pu
Zuti(pu) = 0.010 + j0.199 pu
2. Transformer: 2MVA %Z = 5.75 X/R = 8
X/R = 8; θ = tanˉ¹ (8) = 82.87⁰
Rpu = cos (82.87⁰) x 2.875 = 0.356 pu

Xpu = sin (82.87⁰) x 2.875 = j2.852 pu
Ztx(pu) = 0.356 + j2.852 pu
3. Cable Busduct: Zc1 = 3200A; L = 15m
R = 1.439x10-5Ω/m x 15m = 0.000215Ω
X = 0.801x10-5Ω/m x 15m = 0.000120Ω
Convert Ω to p.u.
Zc1(pu) = 0.134 + j0.075 pu
4. Lump Load 1; 200kVA,3Ø,400V X”d = 25% X/R = 10
X/R = 10; θ = tanˉ¹ (10) = 84.28⁰
Rpu = cos (84.28⁰) x 125 = 12.45 pu
Xpu = sin (84.28⁰) x 125 = j124.37 pu

ZLl(pu) = 12.45 + j124.37 pu
5. Lump Load 2; 120kVA,3Ø,400V X”d = 25% X/R = 10
X/R = 10; θ = tanˉ¹ (10) = 84.28⁰
Rpu = cos (84.28⁰) x 208.33 = 20.76 pu
Xpu = sin (84.28⁰) x 208.33 = j207.30 pu

ZLl(pu) = 20.76 + j207.30 pu
Impedance Diagram
Impedance Diagram cont..:
SCC cont..:
Series/Parallel Impedances Reduction
Series Connections:
Z1(pu) = Zuti + Ztx + Zc1
= (0.010+ j0.199) + (0.356 + j2.852) + (0.134 + j0.075)
Z1(pu) = 0.50 + j3.126 pu
SCC cont..:
Parallel Connections:
Z2(pu) = Zll1 // Zll2 // Zll3
R2(pu) = 5.66 pu
SCC cont..:
X2(pu) = 56.52 pu
Z2(pu) = 5.66 + j56.52pu
SCC cont..:
Rth(pu) = 0.459 pu
( ) . .
Xth(pu) = 2.96 pu
SCC cont..:
Zth(pu) = 2.99 pu

Electrical Design For High Rise Building-Engr Orville Singson

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Electrical Design For High Rise Building-Engr Orville Singson

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Engr. Orville R.

 CORE Powerlink System, Inc.

12 years experienced in Manufacturing set-up and 13

Head – Technical & Training Committee 2020

 VP (Internal) – IIEE Metro-East Sector (2018)

 IIEE – Life Member ( 2008 )

 BSEE graduate – Mapua Institute of Technology (MIT)

 Registered Professional Electrical Engineer-April 2017

 Electrical Design of a Single Storey/Occupancy Residential

 Electrical Design Analysis and Calculations

 Over-Current Protection Device Determination

 Voltage Drop Calculations

 Short Circuit Calculations

 Over-Current Protection Device Determination

 Voltage Drop Calculations

 Transformer Size Determination

 Generator Size Determination

 Short Circuit Calculations

2.1.2.1 According to Intended Use or Occupancy

 Is conducted to determine the characteristics of branch

 The purpose of design analysis is to be able to know the

Use 2# 3.5mm², copper THWN, branch circuit conductors. Refer to

I (Load) = 1,500 VA / 230 V = 6.52 Amperes

3. Laundry Circuit Loads 1500VA

Load = (1) 20A @ 1,500 volt-amperes = 1,500VA

Provide one (1) 20A laundry branch circuit as per Section

Use: 20mmØ Rigid PVC conduit. Refer to Table

Refer to Table 2.20.3.16

Provide one (1) 40A electric range branch circuit .

Where 8.0A is as per Table 4.30.14.2

Refer to Section 2.20.4.3(c)(1) as the room ACU is at

Refer to Section 2.20.4.3(c)(1) as the Booster is at 100%

Calculations for One-Family Dwelling Units

[26744VA + 25%(5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 40.67 A

Use: 4-14mm² THWN + 1-5.5mm² THWN as Grnd in 25mmØ

Service Protection (Inverse Time Circuit Breaker)

[(26744VA-5750VA) + 250% (5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 52.13 A

Use: 60AT/100AF, 3P, 415V, 14kAIC MCCB

Source: PEC 2017 Appendix D p. 1047

[27004VA + 25%(5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 41.05 A

Use: 4-14mm² THWN + 1-5.5mm² THWN as Grnd in 25mmØ

Service Protection (Inverse Time Circuit Breaker)

[(27004VA-5750VA) + 250% (5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 51.42 A

Use: 60AT/100AF, 3P, 415V, 14kAIC MCCB

Source: PEC 2017 Appendix D p. 1047

Two Bedroom Type Unit (2F106)

Service Conductor Ampacity

[27340VA + 25%(5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 41.53 A

Use: 4-14mm² THWN + 1-5.5mm² THWN as Grnd in 25mmØ

Service Protection (Inverse Time Circuit Breaker)

[(27340VA-5750VA) + 250% (5750VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 51.91 A

Use: 60AT/100AF, 3P, 415V, 14kAIC MCCB

 1. General Lighting Loads 250 m² x 24VA/m² 6000VA

 4. Refrigerator Load 800VA

 Application of Demand Factor

 Total Net Computed Loads = 38655VA

[38655VA + 25%(2076VA)] / 400V*1.732 = 56.54A

Use: 4-22mm² THWN + 1-8.0mm² THWN as Grnd in

Use: 70AT/100AF, 3P, 400V, 18kAIC MCCB

 Source: PEC 2017 Appendix D p. 1048

Calculations for Multi-Family Dwelling Units

Total Connected Loads = 27890VA x 5 units = 139,450VA

One Bedroom Type

Total Connected Loads = 29634VA x 11 units = 325974VA