Dr. S. Ramani et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.1, January- 2022, pg.

108-115

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International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing

A Monthly Journal of Computer Science and Information Technology

ISSN 2320–088X
IMPACT FACTOR: 7.056

IJCSMC, Vol. 11, Issue. 1, January 2022, pg.108 – 115

RECOGNITION OF VEHICLE
NUMBER PLATE USING MATLAB
Dr. S. Ramani; Gotham Rishi Vardhan; Kola Sunil Goud; Krovvidi Aditya Hrudai
Associate Professor, Guide, ECE Department, SNIST, Hyderabad, India
Student, ECE Department, SNIST, Hyderabad, India
Student, ECE Department, SNIST, Hyderabad, India
Student, ECE Department, SNIST, Hyderabad, India
18311a04k8@sreenidhi.edu.in; 18311a04l5@sreenidhi.edu.in; 18311a04l7@sreenidhi.edu.in
DOI: 10.47760/ijcsmc.2022.v11i01.013

ABSTRACT-- The ANPR (Automatic range Plate Recognition) system relies on image process technology. It's one of the
required systems designed to sight the vehicle range plate. In today’s world with the increasing range of cars day by day,
it’s impossible to manually keep a record of the whole vehicle. With the event of this technique, it becomes simple to stay
a record and use it whenever needed. The most objective here is to style associate economical automatic vehicle
identification system by victimization vehicle range plate. The system initially would capture the vehicle's image as
presently because the vehicle reaches the protection checking space. The captured pictures area unit is then extracted by
the victimization segmentation method. Optical character recognition is employed to spot the characters. The obtained
information is then compared with the information kept in their info. The system is enforced and simulated on MATLAB
and performance is tested on real pictures. This kind of system is widely employed in control areas, tolling, lots, etc. this
technique is principally designed for the aim of the security system.

Keywords: range Plate Recognition, grey process, Image Acquisition, Image Binarization, templet Matching.

I. INTRODUCTION

Number plates area unit used for identification of vehicles everywhere the nations. Vehicles area unit distinguishing either
manually or mechanically. Automatic vehicle identification is a picture process technique of determining vehicles by their
variety plates. Automatic vehicle identification systems area unit used for the aim of effective management control and security
applications like access control to restricted areas and trailing of wished vehicles. Variety plate recognition (NPR) is a simpler
methodology for Vehicle identification. NPR system for Indian vehicle plate is troublesome compared to the foreign vehicle
plate as there's no commonplace followed for the ratio of vehicle plate. The identification task is difficultly attributable to the
character of the sunshine. Experimentation of variety plate detection has been conducted for several years; it's still a difficult
task. Variety plate detection system investigates associate input images to spot some native patches containing license plates.
Since Journal of the University of Shanghai for Science and Technology ISSN: 1007-6735 Volume twenty-three, Issue 2,
Gregorian calendar month - 2021 Page-363 a plate will exist anyplace in a picture with numerous sizes, it's impracticable to see
each component of the image to find it. In parking, a variety of plates area units are accustomed to calculating the length of the
parking. Once a vehicle enters the associate input gate, the variety plate is mechanically recognized and kept in information. In
NPR system spectral analysis approach is employed were effort the image, extract the region of interest, character segmentation
mistreatment SVM feature extraction techniques. The advantage of this approach is the successful recognition of a moving
vehicle. It's troublesome to find the boundary of the variety amount {the quantity} plate from the input automotive pictures in
outdoors scene because of the color of characters of the amount plate and the Background of the amount plate the gradients of

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 Dr. S. Ramani et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.1, January- 2022, pg. 108-115

the first image is adopted to find candidate number plate regions. There is also area unit are algorithms that are supported a
mixture of morphological operation, segmentation, and cagey edge detector. Vehicle plate location rule comprises steps like
Edge Detection, Morphological operation like dilation and erosion, Smoothing, segmentation of characters, and recognition of
plate characters area unit represented.

II. FLOWCHART

Images and Digital pictures: A digital image differs from a photograph therein the values square measure all separate. Usually,
they fight solely number values. • A digital image is often thought about as an outsized array of separate dots, every of that
features a brightness related to it. These dots square measure referred to as image components, or additional merely pixels. The
panels encompassing a given pixel represent its neighborhood A neighborhood is often characterized by its form within the same
approach as a matrix: we can speak of a 3x3 neighborhood or a 5x7 neighborhood.

Aspects of Image process Image Enhancement: process a picture so the result's additionally appropriate for a selected
application. (sharpening or deblurring AN out of focus image, lightness edges, up the distinction, or brightening a picture,
removing noise) Image Restoration: this could be thought about as reversing the harm done to a picture by a well-known cause.
(removing of blur caused by linear motion, removal of optical distortions) Image Segmentation: This involves subdividing a
picture into constituent elements, or analytic bound aspects of a picture. finding lines, circles, or specific shapes in a picture, in
AN aerial photograph, characteristic cars, trees, buildings, or roads.

III. LITERATURE SURVEY

Vehicle variety Plate Recognition System: A Literature Review and Implementation victimization example Matching
Anirudh Puranic, Deepak K.T. Umadevi V
The growing richness of urban Asian countries has created the possession of vehicles a necessity. This has resulted in AN
sudden civic downside - that of control and vehicle identification. Parking areas became overstressed thanks to the growing
numbers of vehicles on the roads these days. The automated variety Plate Recognition System (ANPR) plays a crucial role in
addressing these problems as its application ranges from parking admission to observation urban traffic and to chasing
automobile thefts. Their area unit varied ANPR systems accessible these days that area unit supported different methodologies.
During this paper, we tend to commit to reviewing the assorted techniques and their usage. The ANPR system has been enforced
victimization example Matching and its accuracy was found to be eighty.8% for Indian variety plates.

Recognition of car variety Plate victimization MATLAB: By Ami Kumar Parida, SH Mayuri, Pallabi Nayk, Nidhi Bharti
Automatic video analysis from traffic police investigation cameras may be a fast-emerging field supported pc vision techniques.
it's a key technology to public safety, intelligent transport system (ITS), and for economical management of traffic. we tend to
outline video analytics as computer-vision-based police investigation algorithms and systems to extract discourse info from the
video. presently most reliable approach is thru the popularity of various plates, i.e., automatic variety plate recognition (ANPR),
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 Dr. S. Ramani et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.1, January- 2022, pg. 108-115

which is additionally referred to as automatic registration number plate recognition (ANPR), or frequency transponders. we tend
to area unit proposing 2 ways for extraction of license plates and examination it with different existing ways. The Extracted
license plates area unit metameric into individual characters by employing a region-based technique. the popularity theme
combines reconciling reiterative thresholding with an example matching rule.

Vehicle range plate detection victimization Matlab Narendra Singh Tomar, Prakhar Sachan, Pranav Mittal, Shivani
Agarwal
The VPR (Vehicle range Plate Recognition) system is predicated on image process technology. It's one of the necessary systems
designed to notice the vehicle range plate. In today’s world with the increasing range of cars day by day, it’s impractical to
manually keep a record of the complete vehicle. With the event of this method, it becomes straightforward to stay a record and
use it whenever needed. The most objective here is to style associate degree economical automatic vehicle identification system
by victimization vehicle range plate. The system 1st would capture the image of the vehicle as shortly because the vehicle
reaches the safety checking space. The captured pictures area unit is then extracted by the victimization of the segmentation
method. Optical character recognition is employed to spot the characters. The obtained information is then compared with the
information kept in their info. The system is enforced and simulated on MATLAB and performance is tested on real pictures.
This kind of system is widely utilized in control areas, tolling, park .etc. this method is principally designed for the aim of the
security system.

Automatic Vehicle range Plate Recognition System victimization MATLAB Bhawna Tiwari, Archana Sharma, Malti
Gautam Singh, Bhawana Rathi
Automatic range plate recognition may be a mass police work methodology that uses optical character recognition on pictures to
browse the quantity plates on vehicles. Existing loop TV or road-rule social control cameras, or specifically designed systems
may be used for the task. This method is extremely useful for traffic police to search out the small print of an automobile
violating the traffic rules. Its applications additionally include Automatic toll assortment systems and automobile parking
systems. In high-security areas wherever the parking lot is reserved for VIP vehicle house owners solely, the parking gate is
opened when range recognition. In areas wherever the parking lot is assigned to a specific vehicle, the wrong vehicle place may
be recognized. ANPR may be wont to store the pictures captured by the cameras and also the text from the quantity plate.
Systems use infrared lighting to permit the camera to require the image at any time of day. A robust flash also can enclose in
cameras, to each illuminate the image and build the bad person alert to his mistake. Thanks to plate variation from place to put
ANPR technology tends to be region-specific.

IV. WORKFLOW PROCESS

Capture of Image: The first step is that the capture of image. The image is captured by device. Photographic camera or digital
camera. The image captured is keep in JPEG format. Afterward it's taken-again in to grey scale image in MATLAB.

Pre-processing: The next step once capturing the image is the pre-processing of the image. Once the image is captured there's a
heap of disturbances and noises stay within the image that the image can’t be used properly. Therefore during this step, the
noises from the image area unit needed to be cleared to get AN correct result.

a. Gray Processing: This step involves the conversion of the image into grey levels. Color pictures are regenerated into the grey
image. As per the R, G, B worth within the image, it calculates the worth of grey value and obtains the grey image at a similar
time.

b. Median Filtering: Media filtering is that the step to get rid of the noises from the image. The grey level cannot take away the
noises. Thus to create an image free from noise media filtering is employed.

Plate region extraction: The most vital stage is the extraction of a variety plate from a worn image considerably. The extraction
may be done by the mistreatment image segmentation technique. There are unit various image segmentation strategies out there
in varied literature. In most of the strategies, image binarization is employed.

Character segmentation: In this step get the o/p of extracted range plate victimization labeling parts, and so separate every
character and split the every character within the range plate image by victimization split and conjointly realize the length of the
amount plate, then realize the correlation and information if each the worth is same suggests that it'll generate the worth 0-9 and
A - Z and at last convert the worth to string and show it in the edit box, and conjointly store the character in some computer file
during this code. The following figure shows the segmental characters. The character recognition is currently wont to compare
every individual character with the character kept within the information. OCR uses the correlation methodology to match the
characters. And if each character matches then it shows the license otherwise it'll display the unauthorized.

Hardware Model: The hardware model consists microcontroller for dominant the entire hardware of the ANPR system. The

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ANPR rule on a laptop receives the image and performs the process, that Yields the vehicle variety. This variety is then
compared to straightforward information and at last provides signal to microcontroller to regulate the system Hardware. If th e
inputted plate contains the licensed variety then the inexperienced indication lightweight are switched on w, Associate in
Nursing d if the inputted plate contains an unauthorized variety then red indication are switched on. The entire hardware model
is shown in figure below.

V. IMPLEMENTATION
Vehicle Image Captured By Camera: The image of the vehicle whose number plate is to be identified is captured using digital
camera of 12 megapixel.

Fig. 5.1 Original Image

Extraction Of variety Plate Location: RGB to gray-scale conversion is adopted, to facilitate the plate extraction, and increase
the processing speed. Then we tend to take the binary image, the binary image is closed exploitation sq. structuring parts to
facilitate the plate extraction. Mathematical morphology is employed to notice the region of interest and the Sobel operator area
unit is accustomed calculate the brink price, which notices high lightweight regions with high edge magnitude and high edge
variance.

Fig. 5.2 Gray Scale image

The binary gradient mask show lines of high distinction within the image. Compared to the initial image, gaps within the lines
are determined that surround the item within the gradient mask. This linear gap disappears if the Sobel image is expanded
victimization sq. structuring components. MATLAB tool cabinet offers an operating infill (BW, “holes”) that fill holes within
the binary image. The expanded gradient mask shows the definition of the cell quite nicely, however, there are still holes within
the interior of the cell. The region of interest has been with success divided, however, it's not the sole object that has been found.
Any objects that are connected to the border of the image are often removed victimization the imclear border MATLAB operate.
Finally, to create the divided object look natural, the image is scoured doubly with diamond and line structuring components.
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 Dr. S. Ramani et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.1, January- 2022, pg. 108-115

This helps in extraction of range plate space of the vehicle to urge the sole range plates are in a vehicle image with characters
and numbers gift on the divided image is increased with the binary image.

Fig. 5.3 Image after applying SOBEL Algorithm for filling holes

Character Segmentation: Segmentation is one of the foremost vital processes within the range plate recognition, as a result of
all additional steps accept it. If this segmentation fails, a personality is often improperly divided into 2 items or 2 characters. The
last word answer on this downside is to use the bounding box technique. Once a bounding box is created over every character
and range conferred on the number plate, every character & range is filtered out for recognition of the range plate. Within the
bounding box technique, we tend to use some directions, biological warfare label to notice the number of connected parts within
the image and also the matrix of the image.

Fig.5.4 Image after Character Segmentation

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Fig.5.5 Processing the image

Bounding box: Bounding box instruction detects matrices, that contain the coordinates of the higher left corner of the bounding
box and specify the dimension of the bounding box on every dimension. So for every connected component, we tend to draw a
parallelogram as we can see within the code. We did identical previous steps for example matching an image. After that, we tend
to produce operations to separate the charsets within the range of plate pictures and also the example matching image.

Fig.5.6 Final result of the system

Fig.5.7 Output of the system

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 Dr. S. Ramani et al, International Journal of Computer Science and Mobile Computing, Vol.11 Issue.1, January- 2022, pg. 108-115

VI. CONCLUSION
We have enforced variety plate recognition. Our algorithmic program with success detects {the variety|the amount|the quantity}
plate region from the image that consists of auto number & then character segmentation, recognition. we've got applied our
algorithmic program on several pictures and located that it with success recognition. The project was designed keeping in mind
the automation of the amount plate detection system for security reason that would replace this system of manual entry. This
project was a hit in recording the amount plate of a vehicle though it's got its own limitation of image process and different
hardware needs.

VII. FUTURE SCOPE

The future scope is that the automated vehicle recognition system plays a serious role in detection threats to defense conjointly it
will improve the protection associated with the women’s as they'll simply notice the quantity plate before victimization cab or
alternative services. The system strength may be increase if a bright and sharp camera is employed. The government ought to
take some interest in developing this technique as this technique is money-saving and eco-friendly if applied effectively in
varied areas.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
We hereby declare that the work described in the project report, entitled “RECOGNITION OF VEHICLE NUMBER
PLATE USING MATLAB” which is being submitted by us in partial fulfillment for the award of Bachelor of Technology in
the Dept.of Electronics and Communications Engineering, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology affiliated to
Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad(Telangana) is the work on our own effort and
has not been submitted elsewhere.
We are very thankful to Dr.S. RAMANI, ECE Dept , Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Ghatkesar for
providing an initiative to this group project and giving valuable timely suggestions over the work.
We convey our sincere thanks to Dr.S.P.V. SUBBA RAO, Head of the Department(ECE), Sreenidhi Institute of Science and
Technology, Ghatkesar , for his kind cooperation in the completion of this work.
We even convey our sincere thanks to Dr.CHAKKALAKAL TOMY, Executive Director and Dr.M.SHIVA REDDY,
Principal, Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Ghatkesar for their kind cooperation in the completion of the group
project.
Finally, we extend our sense of gratitude to all our friends, teaching and non-teaching faculty, who directly or indirectly
helped us in this endeavour.

Place: Hyderabad Name of Candidates:

Date: 12/01/2022
G.RISHIVARSHAN
[RollNo.18311AO4K8]

K.SUNILGOUD
[RollNo.18311A04L5]

K.ADITYAHRUDAI
[RollNo.18311A04L7]

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