Rút gọn thành to V (khi vế câu trước chỗ trống có He’s the last man that entered the room. the last, the first, the second, the next, the only ... = He’s the last man to enter the room. hoặc so sánh hơn nhất: the adj-est / the most…) The scientists who study the causes of cancer have made an important discovery. = The scientists studying the causes of cancer have Rút gọn thành V-ing (khi động từ trong mệnh đề made an important discovery. quan hệ ở dạng chủ động) The man who is standing over there is my boyfriend. = The man standing over there is my boyfriend. The house which is painted in white is my house. = The house painted in white is my house. Rút gọn thành PII (khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan The man who was appointed the captain of the hệ ở dạng bị động) team is my boyfriend. = The man appointed the captain of the team is my boyfriend. Tip : Nhận dạng: - Tìm câu có các phương án lựa chọn: To V, V3, Ving + Phía trước có the + first/ second/ next/ last/ only/ most/ …est => chọn To V/ tobe Vp2 + S chỉ vật/ phía sau chỗ trống có by + O / giới từ ( in, on, of, at, from, about, with, under, over, …) => chọn V3/ed + Còn lại => chọn Ving II.Các dạng bài tập rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ Exercise 1:Mark the letter A,B,C,or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions. Question 1:The man ______ there is a clown A. were standing B. is standing C. standing D. stood Question 2:The envelop _____ on the table has no stamp on it. A. to lie B. was lying C. lies D. lying Question 3: Benzene,_____ by Faraday,became the starting point in the manufacture of many dyes,perfumes and explosives. A. discovered B. discovering C. was discovered D. discover Question 4: All the astronauts _______ the earth in space capsules are weightless. A. to orbit B. are orbiting C. orbiting D. orbit Question 5: All students ______ in their papers on time will fail in the exam. A. handing not B. not hand C. don’t hand D. not handing Question 6: I saw many houses _______ by the storm. A. destroying B. destroyed C. were destroyed D. destroy Question 7: Tieu Vy is the most beautiful girl _____ the Vietnam Beauty contest. A. won B. winning C. to win D. wins Question 8: The last person _____ the room should turn off the lights. A. leave B. leaves C. leaving D. to leave Question 9: Nam is the smartest boy _____ difficult questions easily A. answers B. to answering C. answering D. to answer Question 10:We visited the church _________ in the 18th century. A. builds B. to build C. built D. building Question 11:The girl ________me this gift is my best friend. A. presenting B. presented C. to present D. presents Question 12:The first letter _________ by my grandma was kept carefully in a box. A. writing B. to be written C. written D. write Question 13:The nurse ________from Japan can speak English well. A. come B. is coming C. to come D. coming Question 14:A man ________ from his brother at birth met his brother for the first time on stage. A. separated B. was separated C. separating D. was separating Question 15:Today,the number of people _______ from AIDs is finally decreasing. A. died B. dying C. they die D. to die Question 16:He is the second man_________in this way this month. A. killing B. killed C. to be killed D. to kill Question 17:One of the girls________in that company caused an accident. A. working B. to work C. worked D. works Question 18:The rabbit___ by the man was very frightened. A. is hunted B. is hunting C. hunted D. hunting Question 19:Do you know the song____ on the radio? A. playing B. plays C. is playing D. to play Question 20:The scientists on this project try to find the solutions to air pollution. A. worked B. working C. are working D. to work Question 21:Our solar system is in a galaxy_______ the Milky Way. A. calling B. called C. is calling D. to call Question 22:The company hopes that the personnel _______will be of varied backgrounds and possess outstanding research skills. A. choose B. choice C. chose D. chosen Question 23:Engineers at Red Motors have just created the corporation's first car _______ by solar energy. A. power B. powered C. powering D. powerful Question 24:To be eligible to receive compensation for injuries_______ in the workplace,employees should have followed all the safety procedures. A. sustain B. sustained C. sustaining D. sustains Question 25:The event received coverage in a newspaper_______ in the area A. which widely distributed B. widely distributed C. distributing D. that distributed