RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

I. Lý thuyết trọng tâm

Rút gọn thành to V (khi vế câu trước chỗ trống có He’s the last man that entered the room.
the last, the first, the second, the next, the only ... = He’s the last man to enter the room.
hoặc so sánh hơn nhất: the adj-est / the most…)
The scientists who study the causes of cancer have
made an important discovery.
= The scientists studying the causes of cancer have
Rút gọn thành V-ing (khi động từ trong mệnh đề
made an important discovery.
quan hệ ở dạng chủ động)
The man who is standing over there is my
boyfriend. = The man standing over there is my
boyfriend.
The house which is painted in white is my house.
= The house painted in white is my house.
Rút gọn thành PII (khi động từ trong mệnh đề quan The man who was appointed the captain of the
hệ ở dạng bị động) team is my boyfriend.
= The man appointed the captain of the team is my
boyfriend.
Tip : Nhận dạng:
- Tìm câu có các phương án lựa chọn: To V, V3, Ving
+ Phía trước có the + first/ second/ next/ last/ only/ most/ …est => chọn To V/ tobe Vp2
+ S chỉ vật/ phía sau chỗ trống có by + O / giới từ ( in, on, of, at, from, about, with, under, over, …) =>
chọn V3/ed
+ Còn lại => chọn Ving
II.Các dạng bài tập rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ
Exercise 1:Mark the letter A,B,C,or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
Question 1:The man ______ there is a clown
A. were standing B. is standing C. standing D. stood
Question 2:The envelop _____ on the table has no stamp on it.
A. to lie B. was lying C. lies D. lying
Question 3: Benzene,_____ by Faraday,became the starting point in the manufacture of many
dyes,perfumes and explosives.
A. discovered B. discovering C. was discovered D. discover
Question 4: All the astronauts _______ the earth in space capsules are weightless.
A. to orbit B. are orbiting C. orbiting D. orbit
Question 5: All students ______ in their papers on time will fail in the exam.
A. handing not B. not hand C. don’t hand D. not handing
Question 6: I saw many houses _______ by the storm.
A. destroying B. destroyed C. were destroyed D. destroy
Question 7: Tieu Vy is the most beautiful girl _____ the Vietnam Beauty contest.
A. won B. winning C. to win D. wins
Question 8: The last person _____ the room should turn off the lights.
A. leave B. leaves C. leaving D. to leave
Question 9: Nam is the smartest boy _____ difficult questions easily
A. answers B. to answering C. answering D. to answer
Question 10:We visited the church _________ in the 18th century.
A. builds B. to build C. built D. building
Question 11:The girl ________me this gift is my best friend.
A. presenting B. presented C. to present D. presents
Question 12:The first letter _________ by my grandma was kept carefully in a box.
A. writing B. to be written C. written D. write
Question 13:The nurse ________from Japan can speak English well.
A. come B. is coming C. to come D. coming
Question 14:A man ________ from his brother at birth met his brother for the first time on stage.
A. separated B. was separated C. separating D. was
separating
Question 15:Today,the number of people _______ from AIDs is finally decreasing.
A. died B. dying C. they die D. to die
Question 16:He is the second man_________in this way this month.
A. killing B. killed C. to be killed D. to kill
Question 17:One of the girls________in that company caused an accident.
A. working B. to work C. worked D. works
Question 18:The rabbit___ by the man was very frightened.
A. is hunted B. is hunting C. hunted D. hunting
Question 19:Do you know the song____ on the radio?
A. playing B. plays C. is playing D. to play
Question 20:The scientists on this project try to find the solutions to air pollution.
A. worked B. working C. are working D. to work
Question 21:Our solar system is in a galaxy_______ the Milky Way.
A. calling B. called C. is calling D. to call
Question 22:The company hopes that the personnel _______will be of varied backgrounds and possess
outstanding research skills.
A. choose B. choice C. chose D. chosen
Question 23:Engineers at Red Motors have just created the corporation's first car _______ by solar
energy.
A. power B. powered C. powering D. powerful
Question 24:To be eligible to receive compensation for injuries_______ in the workplace,employees
should have followed all the safety procedures.
A. sustain B. sustained C. sustaining D. sustains
Question 25:The event received coverage in a newspaper_______ in the area
A. which widely distributed B. widely distributed
C. distributing D. that distributed