EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS

Student's Name

Department and Institution's Affiliation

1
 Introduction

The goal of this research is to provide a back-to-back overview of the epidemiology of

tuberculosis (TB) and viral hepatitis. The paper unravels the science behind the spread of these

diseases and the possible control and treatment approaches; on-boards with an in-depth analysis

of the scientific treatment modalities and concludes with a public health strategy to control the

illnesses.

TB is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, and specific interventions have been

deduced to reduce the number of new cases and mortality rates. Traditionally, tuberculosis

treatment was divided into two phases: intensive and ongoing, however, the emergence of multi-

drug-resistant bacteria led to the discovery of new drugs. 1 It is expected that the drugs in the

current treatment modalities of drug-resistant TB will soon be available for the treatment of all

TB pathogens.

Viral hepatitis on other hand targets the body's immune system. Vaccines have long been used as

a preventive therapy, particularly for high-risk individuals such as those in healthcare. However,

traditional therapies with interferon are only moderately effective in the long-term elimination of

the viral genome. 2 Recent clinical trials that use combined chemotherapy of sofosbuvir and

velpatasvir have demonstrated significant progress.

Public Health Measures.

To impede the spread of these diseases and further the effort to achieve sustainable

development goals (SDGs), sweeping actions are imperative. A multi-sectoral approach, strategy

execution, public education on these infections, an improvement in socioeconomic conditions,

2
screening services and quick treatment, outreach treatment services, immunization, and post-

exposure prophylaxis are some of these measures.

3
 References.

1.
MacNeil A. Global Epidemiology of Tuberculosis and Progress Toward Meeting Global
Targets — Worldwide, 2018. MMWR Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. 2020;69.
doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6911a2

2.
Jefferies M, Rauff B, Rashid H, Lam T, Rafiq S. Update on the global epidemiology of
viral hepatitis and preventive strategies. World Journal of Clinical Cases.
2018;6(13):589-599. doi:10.12998/wjcc.v6.i13.589