Unit 15 –

Further Maths
2023

Matt Ellmore - 1023808

PART 1

The results of abrasion test (%) is to be analyzed for aggregates to be used in a

pavement design. The minimum requirement for bituminous surface course is 30%

12 13 25 32 26 20 23 32 34 12
23 20 27 32 24 12 15 16 17 13
14 23 34 12 32 24 25 31 32 23
14 18 12 17 32 19 22 32 25 25
16 21 25 24 18 20 32 12 12 32

i. Present the above information using a bar chart and a pie chart.

ii. Determine the Mean, Mode, Median and Range for the given

data.
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The bars and sections shaded in the charts are tests that have passed the minimum requirement.

iii. Provide an analysis and interpretation of what the results show.

Through this information provided of abrasion tests the results show that just under a quarter of all the
tests passed the minimum aggregate mix of 30%, 12 test have passed the minimum abrasion test.
This means that there needs to be stronger and more aggregate to width stand the abrasion test and
pass for this bitumen course layer to pass, as if only a quarter of test as passing then the overall
strength of the bitumen layer will be unsafe and unfit for purpose.

iii. Based on the averages obtained, how reliable is the overall output?
Can the experimental results be used for this design?

Though looking at the results of the mean, mode and median I can determine that the results of the
abrasion test are random, this is because the mean, mode and median values are very different from
one another, whether as data that is evenly distributed will lead to the mean, mode and median to
have similar values.
Because of this the results form the abrasion test show that the aggregate used in the bituminous
layer cannot be used for the final design of the road, as the test are too varied.

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 PART 2

In a civil engineering material testing laboratory, the fatigue stress (N/mm2) due to loading
for 48 samples is shown below:

First, using the results shown below, you need to:

 Arrange the data into equal classes.
 Determine the frequency distribution.
 Draw the frequency histogram.
 Create a cumulative frequency table for the data.
 Draw the cumulative frequency graph.
 Use your cumulative frequency graph to determine if the data is normally
distributed or not?
 Calculate: i) the mean, mode and median.
 Calculate i) standard deviation.
ii) the upper and lower quartile values.
iii) the inter-quartile range for the given data.

2.10 2.29 2.32 2.21 2.14 2.22

2.28 2.18 2.17 2.20 2.23 2.13
2.26 2.10 2.21 2.17 2.28 2.15
2.16 2.25 2.23 2.11 2.27 2.34
2.24 2.05 2.29 2.18 2.24 2.16
2.15 2.22 2.14 2.27 2.09 2.21
2.11 2.17 2.22 2.19 2.12 2.30
2.23 2.07 2.13 2.26 2.16 2.12

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 i) The distribution of the frequency of fatigue stress tests.

Shown through the graphs above the fatigue stress test data is evenly and normally distributed across
the graphs. In the cumulative frequency graph the data is shown to be normally distributed through the
curve through the data, because the line is straight through the middle of the line this shows that the
data is distributed evenly through the classes and intervals.

Through the histogram the data shows a almost symmetrical plot of the data showing that the data is
close together and therefore more consistent, this can be seen in the 3 middle class where there are
the most values common, showing that where the mean is around where most of the values and
frequencies lay.