UNIT II: INTRODUCTION TO CHEMISTRY / CHAPTER 1: SKILLS AND PROCESSES OF CHEMISTRY

1. Convert the following

a. 3s into milliseconds b. 50.0mL into litres
c. 2L into microliters d. 25kg into grams
e. 3Mm into metres f. 2L into decilitres
g. 7μs into milliseconds h. 51kg into milligrams
i. 3125μL into kilolitres j. 1.7μg into centigrams
k. 1 year into seconds l. 1mg/dL into grams per litre
m. 1cm/μs into kilometres/second n. 1cg/mL into decigrams/litre
o. 5cg/ds into milligrams/second

2. Express 2cL/ms in kilolitres/second

3. Express 50.0mL/min in microliters/second

4. State the number of significant figures in each of the following.

a. 3570 b. 17.505
c. 41.400 d. 0.51
e. 0.000572 f. 0.00900
g. 41.50x10-4 h. 0.007160x105
i. 1.23400x108 j. 0.0004100x107

5. How many significant figures do each of the following measurements have?

a. 1.25kg b. 1255kg
c. 11s d. 150m
e. 1.283cm f. 365.249 days
g. 2000000 years h. 17.25L

6. Determine the number of significant figures in each of the following measurements:

a. 0.1407m ________________
b. 21.05mg ________________
c. 570.00km ________________
d. 0.0030cm ________________
e. 250m ________________
f. 10035.00cm 3
________________
g. 2800g ________________
h. 5000°C ________________
i. 1.1×10 kPa
2
________________
j. 5.35×10–2 m/h ________________

7. Express the following in proper form scientific notation. Then indicate the correct number of significant figures
in the value.
a. 4907L ___________________________
b. 0.000052m ___________________________
c. 7900g ___________________________
d. 0.06030ft ___________________________
e. 790.0lb ___________________________

8. How many “certain” digits are contained in each of the following measurements?
a. 45.3s b. 125.70g
c. 1.85L d. 2.12138g

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 9. Carry out the following operations and give the answer with the correct number of significant figures.
a. 608g + 7g + 0.05g
b. 481.33mL – 37.1mL
c. 6620s + 35.7s + 1.00s
d. 0.007m + 0.100m + 0.020m

10. Perform the indicated operations and give the answer to the correct number of significant figures.
a. 15.1 + 75.32 b. 178.90456 – 125.8055
c. 4.55x10-5 + 3.1x10-5 d. 0.000159 + 4.0074
e. 1.805x104 + 5.89x102 f. 0.0000481 – 0.000817
g. 7.819x10 – 8.166x10
5 4
h. 45.128 + 8.50187 – 89.18
i. 0.0589x10-6 + 7.785x10-8 j. 89.75x10-12 + 6.1157x10-9

11. Carry out the following operations and give the answers with the correct number of significant figures. Pay close
attention to the units.
a. 14.6cm × 12.2cm × 9.3cm
b. 28.0m × 16.0m × 7.0m

12. Perform the indicated operations and give the answer to the correct number of significant figures.
a. 12.5 x 0.50 b. 0.15 x 0.0016
c. 40.0 / 30.0000 d. 2.5 x 7.500 / 0.150
e. (6.40x10 ) x (5x10 )
8 5
f. 4.37x103 / 0.0085600
g. 51.3 x 3.940 h. (0.51x10-4) / (6x10-7)
i. 4.75 x 5 j. 0.00001 / 0.1000
k. 7.4 / 3 l. 0.00043 x 0.005001

13. Perform the indicated operations and give the answer to the correct number of significant figures.
a. 7.95 + 0.583 b. 1.99 / 3.1
c. 4.15 + 1.582 + 0.0588 – 35.5 d. 1200.0 / 3.0
e. (5.31x10-4) / (3.187x10-8) f. 45.9 – 15.0025
g. 375.59 x 1.5 h. 5.1076x10-3 – 1.584x10-2 + 2.008x10-3
i. 1252.7 – 9.4x10 2
j. 0.02400 / 6.000

14. Determine the answer with the correct number of significant figures:
1.415g + 0.240g + 40.304g
1.6mL 0.311mL 0.2113mL

15. Determine the answer to each the following with the correct number of significant figures:
a. 8.4g + 3.0g + 4.175g
3
b. 9.00×10–23 units × 2.9900×10–25 units
2.9×10–9 units
c. (5.9×10 u + 7.80×10–13 u)
–12

(4×1012 u + 6.700×1013 u)

16. In the following mixed calculations perform multiplications and divisions before doing the additions and
subtractions. Keep track of the number of significant figures at each stage of a calculation.
a. 25.00 x 0.1000 – 15.87 x 0.1036 b. 35.0 x 1.525 + 50.0 x 0.975
(0.3812+0.4176)
c. (0.865 – 0.800) x (1.593 + 9.04) d.
(0.0159−0.0146)
3.65 6.14 5.3×0.1056
e. 0.3354 − 0.1766 f.
0.1036−0.0978
g. (0.341 x 18.64 – 6.00) x 3.176 h. 9.34 x 0.07146 – 6.88 x 0.08115

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
UNIT III: THE PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AND PHYSICAL CHANGES OF SUBSTANCES / CHAPTER 2: THE NATURE OF MATTER

1. A zinc slug comes from a science supply company with a stated mass of 5.000g. A student weighs the slug three
times, collecting the following values: 4.891g, 4.901g, and 4.890g. Are the student’s values accurate? Are they
precise (consider both meanings)?

2. Ideally, experiments should be done to find out WHAT HAPPENS when a procedure is performed, NOT to
confirm an expected result. What might happen if an experiment is carried out with the intention of proving that
what you think will happen does, in fact, happen?

3. Which of the following are intensive properties and which are extensive?
a. shape b. smell
c. length d. colour
e. electrical conductivity f. time required to dissolve a solid
g. hardness

4. Classify each of the following as one of an atom, a molecule or an ion.

a. S2- b. O2
c. Sb d. O
e. Al3+ f. NH3

5. Classify each of the following as a mixture or a compound.

a. alcohol, CH3CH2OH b. a pizza
c. soda pop d. baking soda (NaHCO3)
e. CH3OH in H2O

6. Classify each of the following as an element (E), a compound (C), or a mixture (M).
a. potassium fluoride b. carbon
c. eggnog d. seawater
e. can be decomposed f. substance containing only one type of atom
g. can vary in proportions h. contains more than one substance

7. Classify each of the following elements as a metal, metalloid, or a non-metal.

a. germanium b. calcium c. iodine d. xenon

8. Which separation method(s) could be used to separate the following?

a. two miscible liquids b. two immiscible liquids
c. a flour-like solid floating around in water d. a mixture of three water-soluble dyes
e. a mixture of sand, salt and water

9. Classify each of the following as either a chemical change (primarily) or a physical change.
a. the formation of fog
b. burning a cigarette
c. the sprouting of a seed
d. the rusting of iron
e. mixing yellow and blue paint to make green paint
f. separating an alcohol-water mixture into water and alcohol

10. Benzene melts at 6oC and boils at 80oC. Plot a graph showing the temperature-vs-time behaviour of benzene as
its temperature is raised from 0oC to 100oC. Label the axes and indicate the phases present on each portion of
the graph. No scale needs to be specified for the time axis.

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
UNIT IV: INORGANIC NOMENCLATURE / CHAPTER 2: THE NATURE OF MATTER

1. Write the formulas of the following binary ionic compounds:

a. chromium(III) chloride
b. aluminum fluoride
c. magnesium iodide
d. tin(IV) oxide

2. Write the names of the following binary ionic compounds:

a. K2O
b. ZnBr2
c. PbO2
d. HgCl2

3. Write the formulas of the following ionic compounds:

a. copper(I) perchlorate
b. calcium bisulphide
c. aluminum monohydrogen phosphate
d. magnesium hydroxide

4. Write the names of the following ionic compounds:

a. Ba3(PO4)2
b. Fe(HSO3)2
c. Pb(HC2O4)4
d. CuH2PO4

5. Why is a hydrate not a mixture of salt and water?

6. Write the formulas of the following hydrated salts:

a. sodium sulphate decahydrate
b. calcium chloride dihydrate
c. copper(II) acetate monohydrate
d. chromium(III) chloride hexahydrate

7. Write the names of the following hydrated salts:

a. Cd(NO3)2 • 4H2O
b. Na2HPO4 • 7H2O
c. CuSO4 • 5H2O
d. Fe(NO3)3 • 9H2O

8. Write the formulas of the following acids:

a. hydrobromic acid
b. chromic acid
c. chloric acid
d. hypochlorous acid

9. Write the names of the following acids:

a. H2S
b. HClO4
c. HNO2
d. HSCN

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 10. Write the formulas of the following molecular compounds:
a. chlorine monoxide
b. tetraphosphorus hexaoxide
c. arsenic pentafluoride
d. nitrogen triiodide

11. Write the names of the following molecular compounds:

a. P3Br5
b. B2H6
c. SO3
d. CF4

12. Write the formulas of the following variety of compounds:

a. potassium oxide
b. permanganic acid
c. sulphur dioxide
d. ammonium carbonate
e. iron(II) sulphate heptahydrate
f. hydrocyanic acid
g. sulphur hexafluoride
h. calcium acetate monohydrate
i. chromium(III) bisulphite
j. magnesium hydroxide

Write the name for each of the following

13. MgO 14. CuSO4

15. NaCH3COO 16. NH4NO2

17. MoCl5 18. LiOH·H2O

19. PtCl4 20. NH4ClO4

21. AlN 22. KMnO4

23. Cu2SO4 24. H2SO4

25. Na2CO3·10H2O 26. Na2SO3

27. Pb(HSO4)4 28. WF6

29. NaH2PO4 30. BaS

31. NH4ClO2 32. Fe(ClO)2

33. Sn(CN)2 34. KrF2

35. Na3PO4 36. CaS

37. Mn(SCN)2 38. AgMnO4

39. Pt2O3·3H2O 40. PBr5

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 41. Cu(CH3COO)2 42. Al(ClO4)3

43. NH3 44. Al2S3

45. NaOH 46. Ba(HS)2·4H2O

47. N2O 48. HNO3

49. CsHCO3 50. Cu2S

51. C3S2 52. Cu(NO3)2·6H2O

Write the chemical formula for each of the following.

53. silver chloride 54. sulphur dioxide

55. iron (III) oxalate 56. beryllium oxide

57. lead (II) acetate decahydrate 58. potassium chromate

59. mercury (I) acetate 60. molybdenum (III) chloride

61. ammonia 62. gold (III) sulphide

63. silver dichromate 64. calcium acetate

65. chromium (III) oxalate 66. calcium nitrate

67. difluorine dioxide 68. molybdenum (V) oxide

69. silicon tetrafluoride 70. cadmium (II) acetate

71. mercury (II) chloride 72. lithium hydrogen sulphite

73. acetic acid 74. magnesium chlorate hexahydrate

75. phosphorus trifluoride 76. copper (II) iodide

77. calcium nitride 78. magnesium hydroxide

79. molybdenum (V) sulphide trihydrate 80. iron (II) dihydrogen phosphate

81. carbon tetraiodide 82. zinc sulphate

83. mercury (I) sulphide 84. sulphurous acid

85. iron (II) fluoride octahydrate 86. magnesium hydrogen sulphate

87. aluminum sulphide 88. radium carbonate

89. xenon tetrafluoride 90. sodium oxide

91. barium phosphate 92. mercury (I) nitrate dihydrate

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
UNIT VI: CHEMICAL REACTIONS / CHAPTER 4: EXPRESSING AND MEASUREING CHEMICAL CHANGE

1. Sn + O2  SnO

2. H2 + Cl2  HCl

3. N2 + H2  NH3

4. Na + H2O  NaOH + H2

5. NH3 + O2  N2 + H2O

6. C6H14 + O2  CO2 + H2O

7. KNO3  KNO2 + O2

8. CaC2 + O2  Ca + CO2

9. C5H12 + O2  CO2 + H2O

10. K2SO4 + BaCl2  KCl + BaSO4

11. KOH + H2SO4  K2SO4 + H2O

12. Ca(OH)2 + NH4Cl  NH3 + CaCl2 + H2O

13. C+ SO2  CS2 + CO

14. Mg3N2 + H2O  Mg(OH)2 + NH3

15. V2O5 + Ca  CaO + V

16. Na2O2 + H2O  NaOH + O2

17. Fe3O4 + H2  Fe + H2O

18. Cu + H2SO4  CuSO4 + H2O + SO2

19. Al + H2SO4  H2 + Al2(SO4)3

20. Si4H10 + O2  SiO2 + H2O

21. NH3 + O2  N2H4 + H2O

22. C15H30 + O2  CO2 + H2O

23. BN + F2  BF3 + N2

24. CaSO4·2H2O + SO3  CaSO4 + H2SO4

25. C3H7N2O7 + O2  CO2 + H2O + N2

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 26. Balance each of the following reactions:
a. CdF2 + NaBr ➝ CdBr2 + NaF
b. Na2SO4 + Cu ➝ Cu2SO4 + Na
c. Cr + F2 ➝ CrF3
d. Fe(OH)3 ➝ Fe2O3 + H2O
e. Ca + H2O ➝ Ca(OH)2 + H2
f. Bi(NO3)3 + Na2S ➝ Bi2S3 + NaNO3
g. C25H52 + O2 ➝ CO2 + H2O
h. Al + H2SO4 ➝ Al2(SO4)3 + H2
i. LiClO3 ➝ LiCl + O2
j. K + Cl2 ➝ KCl
k. Au + H2S ➝ Au2S3 + H2
l. Nb + S8 ➝ Nb2S5
m. P4O10 + H2O ➝ H3PO4
n. HClO ➝ Cl2O + H2O
o. H3PO4 + KOH ➝ K3PO4 + H2O
p. Rb + Sc2(CrO4)3 ➝ Rb2CrO4 + Sc
q. V(OH)5 ➝ V2O5 + H2O
r. Ba3P2 ➝ Ba + P4
s. K2C2O4 + Ca(NO3)2 ➝ CaC2O4 + KNO3
t. BaCO3 + HCl ➝ BaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

27. Is it possible to have a system that is completely closed with respect to everything? Why?

28. Write a word equation for each formula equation below:

a. C(s) + O2 (g) ➝ CO2 (g)
b. CH4 (g) + 2 O2 (g) ➝ CO2 (g) + 2 H2O(g)
c. Cl2 (g) + 2 KI(s) ➝ I2 (s) + 2 KCl(s)
d. HCl(aq) + NaOH(s) ➝ NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)
e. KF(s) ➝ K(s) + F2 (g)

29. Write a balanced formula equation for each of the following (phase indicators should be included if possible):
a. titanium metal reacts with selenium to produce crystals of titanium(III) selenide.
b. phosphoric acid is neutralized with barium hydroxide to produce a precipitate of barium phosphate in water.
c. nitrogen gas reacts with lead(II) oxide powder to yield lead(II) nitride and oxygen gas.
d. xenon hexafluoride crystals react with water to produce xenon trioxide powder and hydrofluoric acid.
e. aluminum carbide is reacted with water in the synthesis of methane gas. Aluminum hydroxide precipitate is
also formed.
f. plants produce the simple sugar C6H12O6 and oxygen gas from carbon dioxide and water during
photosynthesis.
g. ammonia gas (NH3) is formed along with a precipitate of magnesium hydroxide from the reaction of
magnesium nitride powder with water.
h. strong heating of copper(II) nitrate trihydrate produces copper(II) oxide, nitrogen dioxide, oxygen gas, and
water.

30. Complete and balance the following neutralization equations.

a. H2SO4 + NaOH  b. H3PO4 + KOH 
c. H2SO4 + Fe(OH)3  d. H4P2O7 + Ca(OH)2 
e. H2SO4 + Ba(OH)2 

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 31. Balance the following equations and classify each reaction as one of: synthesis, decomposition, single
replacement, double replacement, neutralization or combustion.
a. C2H2 + O2  CO2 + H2O
b. Mg + CuSO4  MgSO4 + Cu
c. Na + O2  Na2O
d. Fe(NO3)3 + MgS  Fe2S3 + Mg(NO3)2
e. N2O  N2 + O2
f. Sn(OH)4 + HBr  H2O + SnBr4
g. Cl2 + KI  KCl + I2
h. Al + S Al2S3
i. C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O
j. HF + Fe(OH)3  FeF3 + H2O
k. H2O2  H2O + O2
l. FeCl2 + K2S  FeS + KCl
m. Ca + O2  CaO
n. H2SO4 + NaOH  Na2SO4 + H2O
o. C2H5OH + O2  CO2 + H2O
p. Cr + SnCl4  CrCl3 + Sn
q. Pb(NO3)2 + K2CrO4  PbCrO4 + KNO3
r. Fe + I2  FeI2
s. C3H6OS2 + O2  CO2 + H2O + SO2
t. MgCl2  Mg + Cl2
u. Co(NO3)2 + H2S  CoS + HNO3
v. H4P2O7 + KOH  K4P2O7 + H2O
w. Mg + HCl  H2 + MgCl2
x. HI  H2 + I2

32. Classify each of the following reactions, using the following key: S = Synthesis, D = Decomposition, C =
Combustion, SR = Single Replacement, DR = Double Replacement, N = Neutralization. Complete the equations
and balance them. Indicate any precipitates that form with an (s).
___ a. Rb + ZnF2 ➝
___ b. Sc2O3 + H2O ➝
___ c. Pb(NO3)2 + NaCl ➝
___ d. H2CO3 ➝
___ e. GeO2 + SO2 ➝
___ f. SrCO3 + H2S ➝
___ g. C2H6 + O2 ➝
___ h. Cs + NiCl2 ➝
___ i. Zr(OH)4 ➝
___ j. Br2 + InI3 ➝
___ k. H3PO4 + Ba(OH)2 ➝
___ l. AgNO3 + Ca(CH3COO)2 ➝
___ m. C3H5OH + O2 ➝
___ n. N2O5 + H2O ➝
___ o. AlCl3 + Na2CO3 ➝
___ p. NH4F + LiOH ➝
___ q. HNO3 + Sr(OH)2 ➝
___ r. F2 + K2S ➝
___ s. Mg(OH)2 ➝
___ t. Na + N2 ➝
Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 33. Complete and balance the following reactions and classify each equation as one of: synthesis, decomposition,
single replacement, double replacement, neutralization or combustion.
a. HNO3 + Sr(OH)2  b. C6H4(OH)2 + O2 
c. Zn + Ni(NO3)2  d. AlCl3 + Na2CO3 
e. Al + O2  f. Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 
g. NO2  h. Cl2 + CaBr2 
i. C9H20O4S2 + O2  j. ZnSO4 + SrCl2 
k. Zn + S8  l. NH3 
m. HCl + KOH  n. ICl 
o. Na3PO4 + Ca(OH)2  p. C4H8S + O2 
q. Mg + ZnSO4  r. Li + O2 

34. Predict the products and write balanced equations for each of the following reactions. Include state indicators.
a. sulphur dioxide gas reacts with solid calcium oxide.
b. solid potassium nitrate is heated to form solid potassium nitrite and a gas.
c. strontium hydroxide solution reacts with nitric acid.
d. aluminum hydroxide solid is decomposed.
e. chlorine gas is bubbled through a solution of cesium iodide.
f. tetraphosphorus decaoxide solid is reacted with water.
g. aluminum metal reacts with liquid bromine.
h. zinc metal is placed in a solution of nickel(III) choride.

35. Is ΔH > 0 or ΔH < 0 for an endothermic reaction? Is ΔH > 0 or ΔH < 0 for an exothermic reaction?

36. Draw an energy diagram having ΔH = +25kJ

37. If a reaction absorbs 30kJ of heat, what is ΔH for the reaction?

38. ΔH = -50kJ for the reaction: F  G. Re-write this equation to show the 50kJ properly on the reactant or product
side.

39. If P  Q + 25kJ, what is ΔH for the reaction? Which have more energy, the reactants or products?

40. Convert the following ΔH notation equations into thermochemical equations using the smallest whole number
coefficients possible:
a. ½ C3H8 (g) ➝ ½ C3H8 (l) ΔH = –175kJ/mol
b. Li(s) + ½ CaCl2 (aq) ➝ LiCl(aq) + ½ Ca(s) ΔH = –362kJ/mol
c. 2 B(s) + 3 H2O(g) ➝ B2H6 (g) + 3/2 O2 (g) ΔH = 762kJ/mol
d. ½ P4 (s) + 3 Cl2 (g) ➝ 2 PCl3 (s) ΔH = –613kJ/mol
e. NH3 (g) + 3/2 N2O(g) ➝ 2 N2 (g) + 3/2 H2O(l) ΔH = –505kJ/mol
f. ½ Fe3O4 (s) + ½ CO(g) ➝ 3/2 FeO(s) + ½ CO2 (g) ΔH = 9kJ/mol

41. Convert the following thermochemical equations into ΔH notation using the smallest whole number coefficients
possible.
a. C(s) + 2 H2 (g) + ½ O2 (g) ➝ CH3OH(l) + 201kJ/mol
b. ½ Cu(s) + ½ H2 (g) + ½ O2 (g) ➝ ½ Cu(OH)2 (s) + 225kJ/mol
c. 389kJ/mol + ½ Sb4O6 (s) + 3 C(s) ➝ 2 Sb(s) + 3 CO(g)
d. 56kJ/mol + NO2 (g) ➝ NO(g) + ½ O2 (g)
e. PCl3 (g) + ½ O2 (g) ➝ Cl3PO(g) + 286kJ/mol
f. F2 (s) + ½ O2 (g) ➝ OF2 (g) + 22kJ/mol

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
UNIT V: THE MOLE CONCEPT / CHAPTER 3: THE MOLE – THE CENTRAL UNIT OF CHEMISTRY

1. a. What is the definition of a mole?

b. What is our best estimate of the number of things in a mole?
c. What do chemists call this number?

2. 1.4x1018 Ag atoms represent how many moles of atoms?

3. The male luna moth can detect specialized chemicals known as pheromones in order to locate a mate. A moth
can detect 1.70x109 molecules of the pheromone. How many moles of the pheromone is this?

4. Carbon dioxide, produced by respiration in plants and animals, causes the slightly acidic nature of normal rain.
How many molecules of CO2 are in 0.725mol CO2?

5. Calculate the number of moles contained in the following.

a. 10.6L of SO2 (g) at STP b. 7.50x1021 molecules of HNO3
c. 425mg of Ca(OH)2 d. 4.25x1012 molecules of Fe2O3
e. 0.950kg of NaOH f. 25.0mL of N2 (g) at STP
g. 5.50x10 molecules of CCl4
25
h. 0.120L of NO2 (g) at STP

6. How many atoms are contained in 1 molecule of each of the following?

a. CH3CO2H b. NH4Cl
c. (CH3)2CO d. (NH4)2SO4
e. C15H22O6N2S f. Ni(H2O)4(NH3)2Cl2

7. How many carbon atoms are in 0.85mol of the “pain-killer” acetaminophen, C8H9NO2?

8. Glycerol, C3H5(OH)3, is a viscous, colourless liquid found in cough syrup, toothpaste, soaps, and many other
household products. Calculate the number of hydrogen atoms in 4.5mol of glycerol.

9. How many atoms are contained in each of the following?

a. 1.00mol of NH4Cl b. 2.5mol of O3 (g)
c. 8.00g of Fe d. 15.0L of Ar(g) at STP
e. 12g of H2O2 f. 55.0mL of N2O(g) at STP
g. 40.0g of K h. 5.0g of NaCl
i. 125g of CH3Cl j. 8.30x10-4 mL of BF3 (g) at STP
k. 6.5x10-6 g of Kr l. 9.5x10-3 g of NH3

10. a. What is the molecular mass of propane, C3H8?

b. What is the formula mass of calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2?
c. What is the molar mass of carbon tetrachloride, CCl4?

11. Calculate the molar mass of each of the following.

a. NO b. H2O
c. NH3 d. CO2
e. CH4 f. AgNO3
g. Ca(OH)2 h. Al(NO3)3
i. FeCl3 j. SnC2O4
k. Sn(C2O4)2 l. (NH4)3PO4
m. CH3COOH n. CH3CH2CH2CH3
o. Ni(H2O)2(NH3)4Cl2 p. Al2(SO4)3

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 12. Calculate the molar mass of each of the following.
a. Co3(AsO4)2·8H2O b. Pb(C2H3O2)2·3H2O
c. MgSO4·7H2O d. KAl(SO4)2·12H2O

13. What is the mass of 5.2mol of fluorine?

14. Sulphuric acid is used to produce a tremendous number and variety of materials including fertilizers, pigments,
textiles, plastics, and explosives. What mass of sulphuric acid, H2SO4, contains 1.4mol O?

15. Calculate the mass of the following.

a. 1.00mol of NH4Cl b. 4.50mol of NH4Cl
c. 3.25mol of PCl3 d. 0.00355mol of Na2HPO4
e. 0.0125mol of XeF4 f. 2.60mol of CH3CH3
g. 3.25x102 mol of NH3 h. 7.90x10-4 mol of H2SO3
i. 1.00x10-3 mol of NaOH j. 1.75x10-4 mol of Fe

16. Airline regulations prohibit lithium metal batteries that contain over 2.0g of lithium on passenger aircraft. How
many moles of lithium are in 2.0g Li?

17. A can of cola contains 58mg of caffeine, C8H10N4O2. How many moles of caffeine are in a can of cola?

18. How many moles are in each of the following?

a. 5.00g of C10H8 b. 525mg of K3PO4
c. 6.00L of NO3F(g) at STP d. 1.00mL of O3 (g) at STP
e. 4.55x1012 atoms of Pt f. 6.02x1016 molecules of PCl5

19. What mass of carbon is present in 4.8×1026 molecules of ethanol, C2H5OH?

20. Hydrogen fluoride, HF, can be used to etch glass. The white lines on the glassware in your lab may have been
made by this acidic gas. Determine the mass in kilograms of 3.9×1027 molecules of HF.

21. Find the mass, in grams, of each of the following.

a. 2x106 CO molecules b. 1.25L of NH3 (g) at STP
c. 5x1014 N2 molecules d. 1 KOH molecule
e. 125 He atoms f. 1 Ag atom
g. 4.15x1015 CH4 molecules h. 175 N atoms
i. 3.45mL of O2 (g) at STP j. 1.00x108 L of H2 (g) at STP

22. How many molecules are in 1.000mg of the organic solvent, carbon tetrachloride?

23. How many molecules are there in each of the following?

a. a flask containing 50.0mL of NH3 (g) at STP b. a plastic bag containing 25.0L of Cl2 (g) at STP
c. 75.0g of sugar, C12H22O11 d. 125mg of white phosphorus, P4

24. How many atoms are in 14.56g of sodium hydrogen sulphate, the active ingredient in some toilet cleaners?

25. How many moles of air are there in a human lung with a volume of 2.4L at STP?

26. Calculate the number of moles in the following gases at STP.

a. 85.9L of H2 (g) b. 375mL of SO3 (g)
c. 5.00mL of OCl2 (g)

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 27. Air is approximately 21% oxygen. How many moles of oxygen are in 5.0L of air at STP?

28. Calculate the volume of the following gases at STP.

a. 0.235mol of B2H6 (g) b. 9.36mol of SiH4 (g)
c. 2.55x103 mol of C2H6 (g)

29. Diphosphorus pentoxide is a gas produced each time you strike a match. What is the mass of 2.57L of this gas at
STP?

30. Nitrous oxide, N2O, is commonly called “laughing gas.” It is sometimes used by dentists as a partial anaesthetic.
How many grams of nitrogen are in 3.84L of N2O at STP?

31. Propane gas, C3H8 (g), is easily compressible to a storable liquid. A standard barbecue tank holds 9.1kg of
propane. How many litres of gas will the tank release at STP?

32. What volume at STP is occupied by each of the following?

a. 16.5g of AsH3 (g) b. 5.65x1022 molecules of POF3 (g)
c. 0.750g of O3 (g) d. 9.04x1024 atoms of He(g)
e. 8.65x1021 molecules of SO2 (g) f. 6.98x1015 atoms of Xe(g)
g. 28.4mg of H2Te(g) h. 3.25kg of C2H6 (g)

33. If 1.35L of diborane gas has a mass of 1.67g at STP, what is the molar mass of diborane?

34. A 525mL flask contains 0.935g of a noble gas at STP. Identify the gas from its molar mass.

35. Acetylene gas, C2H2, is used as a fuel in welding torches. How many acetylene molecules are in a cylinder that
delivers 1400L of acetylene at STP?

36. Dinitrogen tetroxide is one of the most important rocket propellants ever developed. How many oxygen atoms
are in 27.2L of the gas at STP?

37. Menthol is a strong-smelling compound that is used in cough drops. It has a formula of C10H20O. Calculate its
percentage composition.

38. Trinitrotoluene (C7H5O6N3) is an explosive commonly referred to as TNT. Calculate the percentage of nitrogen by
mass in this compound.

39. Calculate the percentage composition of the following.

a. C2H6 b. FeCl2
c. FeCl3 d. C2H4O2
e. CaCO3 f. NaOH
g. CaCl2·2H2O h. (NH4)3PO4
i. Ag(NH3)2Cl j. C17H15N3O2Cl
k. Sn(SO4)2·2H2O l. (NH4)2Sn(OH)6
m. C2H4N2O4 n. K3Fe(CN)6

40. Calculate the percentage of the bold species in each of the following.
a. CaCl2·2H2O b. NiSO4·7H2O
c. Ce2(C2O4)3·9H2O d. Al2(SO4)3·18H2O
e. Cr(NH3)6Cl3·H2O f. Cr(NH3)6Cl3·H2O
g. Cu(C2H3O2)2·2NH3 h. Fe2(SO4)3·9H2O

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 41. Sodium acetate trihydrate (NaCH3COO·3H2O) is a salt commonly used in pickling foods. Calculate the percentage
of water by mass in this compound.

42. A pigment on a suspected forgery is analyzed using X-ray fluorescence and found to contain 0.5068mol Ba,
0.5075mol C, and 1.520mol O. Determine its empirical formula.

43. A sample of caffeine is analyzed and found to contain 1.4844g C, 0.1545g H, 0.4947g O and 0.8661g N.
Determine the empirical formula of caffeine.

44. Find the empirical formula for the following compounds

a. 15.9% B, 84.1% F b. 87.5% Si, 12.5% H
c. 43.7% P, 56.3% O d. 77.9% I, 22.1% O
e. 77.7% Fe, 22.3% O f. 70.0% Fe, 30.0% O
g. 72.4% Fe, 27.6% O h. 46.3% Li, 53.7% O
i. 24.4% C, 3.39% H, 72.2% Cl j. 26.6% K, 35.4% Cr, 38.0% O
k. 21.8% Mg, 27.9% P, 50.3% O l. 3.66% H, 37.8% P, 58.4% O
m. 46.2% C, 7.69% H, 46.2% O n. 50.5% C, 5.26% H, 44.2% N

45. A hydrocarbon is a compound containing only carbon and hydrogen. One particular hydrocarbon is 92.29%
carbon by mass. If the compound’s molar mass is 78.0g/mol then what is its molecular formula?

46. A sample of ascorbic acid, also known as vitamin C, was analyzed and found to contain 1.080g C, 0.121g H, and
1.439g O. Ascorbic acid has a molar mass of 176.1g/mol. Determine the molecular formula of ascorbic acid.

47. A compound has an empirical formula of NH2 and a molar mass of 32.1g/mol. What is the compound’s
molecular formula?

48. A compound has an empirical formula C5H11. If 0.0275mol of the compound has a mass of 3.91g, what is the
molecular formula of the compound?

49. A gas has the empirical formula CH2. If 0.850L of the gas at STP has a mass of 1.59g, what is the molecular
formula?

50. A gas has an empirical formula CH. If 450mL of the gas at STP has a mass of 0.522g, what is the molecular
formula?

51. A gas has the percentage composition: 30.4% N and 69.6% O. If the density of the gas is 4.11g/L at STP, what is
the molecular formula of the gas?

52. When a sample of nickel carbonyl is heated, 0.0600mol of a gas containing carbon and oxygen is formed. The
gas has a mass of 1.68g and is 42.9% C. What is the molecular formula of the gas?

53. Calculate the molar concentration of the following solutions.

a. 0.26mol of HCl in 1.0L of solution b. 2.8mol of HNO3 in 4.0L of solution
c. 0.0700mol of NH4Cl in 50.0mL of solution d. 25.0g of NaCl in 250.0mL of solution
e. 1.50g of CoBr2·6H2O in 600.0mL of solution f. 10.0g of Cr(NO3)3·9H2O in 325mL of solution

54. What is the molarity of each of the following solutions?

a. 5.62g of NaHCO3 is dissolved in enough water to make 250.0mL
b. 184.6mg of K2CrO4 is dissolved in enough water to make 500.0mL
c. 0.584g of oxalic acid (H2C2O4) is diluted to 100.0mL

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 55. How many moles of AlCl3 are contained in 350.0mL of 0.250M AlCl3?

56. What mass of solid solute is present in

a. 5.0L of 2.5M KBr? b. 225mL of 0.135M MgI2?
c. 350.0mL of 0.250M NaCl?

57. Hydrochloric acid can be purchased as a 6.0M solution. What volume of this stock solution must be used to
prepare 250.0mL of 2.5M HCl?

58. What volume of 12.0M NaOH is required in order to prepare 3.00L of 0.750M NaOH?

59. Concentrated HNO3 is 15.4M. How would you prepare 2.50L of 0.375M HNO3?

60. If 20.0mL of 0.75M HBr is diluted to a total volume of 90.0mL, what is the molar concentration of the HBr in the
resulting solution?

61. If 500.0mL of 0.750M NaCl is boiled down until the final volume is reduced to 300.0mL, what is the final molarity
of the NaCl? (Assume no salt is lost during the boiling process.)

62. Calculate the concentration of the following solutions when:

a. 175mL of 0.55M HCl is added to 25mL of water
b. 45.0mL of 0.035M Na2Cr2O7 is diluted to 100.0mL
c. a 100.0mL sample of 2.0M NaOH is evaporated until the resulting volume of solution is 75.0mL

63. What is the concentration of CaCl2 produced when 55.0mL of 0.300M HCl is mixed with 80.0mL of 0.550M
CaCl2?

64. If 75.0mL of 0.200M Na3PO4 is added to 25.0mL of 0.800M K3PO4, what is the concentration of Na3PO4 in the
mixture?

65. What is the molar concentration of the KOH solution resulting from mixing 55mL of 0.15M KOH and 75mL of
0.25M KOH?

66. What is the concentration of the NaOH solution produced by mixing 125.0mL of 0.250M NaOH with 200.0mL of
0.175M NaOH?

67. If 300.0mL of solution A contains 25.0g of KCl and 250.0mL of solution B contains 60.0g of KCl, what is the
molarity of the KCl in the solution resulting from mixing solutions A and B?

68. What is the molarity of the solution produced when

a. 250.0mL of 0.750M KBr is boiled down to a volume of 175.0mL?
b. 350.0mL of water and 75.0mL of 0.125M NaNO3 are mixed and boiled down to 325.0mL?
c. 150.0mL of 0.325M LiBr and 225.0mL of 0.500M LiBr are mixed and boiled to 275.0mL?

69. What is the concentration of the solution produced when

a. 125mL of 3.55M LiOH is mixed with 475mL of 2.42M LiOH?
b. 150.0mL of water is added to 200.0mL of 0.250M NaCl?
c. 100.0mL of 12.0M KBr is mixed with 950.0mL of 0.200M KBr?
d. 75mL of water is mixed with 5.0mL of 2.50M KBr?
e. 50.0mL of water is mixed with 850.0mL of 0.1105M HCl?
f. 50.0mL of 0.125M HCl is mixed with 75.0mL of 0.350M HCl?

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
UNIT IX: SOLUTION CHEMISTRY / CHAPTER 7: SOLUTION CHEMISTRY

1. Which of the following would you expect to conduct electricity? Note: some metals are included to remind you
that both metals and ionic solutions conduct electricity.
a. KBr(s) b. N2 (l)
c. LiCl(aq) d. AgNO3 (l)
e. CH3OH(l) f. Ag(s)
g. HNO3 (s) h. Cl2 (aq)
i. HNO3 (aq) j. Ba(OH)2 (s)
k. Na(l) l. BaBr2 (aq)
m. NaNO3 (s) n. HBr(s)
o. Cu(s) p. CO2 (s)
q. Hg(l) r. C14H10 (s)
s. FeCl3 (l) t. LiOH(aq)
u. LiOH(l) v. H3PO4 (aq)
w. C4H9OH(aq) x. K2CrO4 (aq)

2. Write an equation to show the dissociation/ionization of each of the following.

a. KBr(s) b. HCl(g)
c. Na2SO4 (s) d. Ca(OH)2 (s)
e. Al2(SO4)3 (s) f. K3PO4 (s)
g. AlCl3 (s) h. (NH4)2S(s)

3. Calculate the number of moles of all aqueous ions in the following solutions, assuming that each dissolved
substance dissociates completely in solution.
a. 0.60L of 0.20M K2SO4 b. 0.450L of 0.300M Na3PO4
c. 75.0mL of 0.160M MnCl2 d. 0.0950L of 0.235 M Al2(SO4)3

4. Calculate the concentration of each ion in the following:

a. 0.20M CuCl2
b. 1.5M Li2C2O4
c. 6.0M nitric acid
d. 1.4×10–3 M magnesium permanganate
e. the resulting solution when 18.5mL of 0.25M Al(NO3)3 is mixed with 22.4mL of 0.50M Cu(NO3)2

5. What is the concentration of SO42- present in 0.135M Al2(SO4)3?

6. What is the [Cl-] formed when 10.0g of BaCl2 (s) is dissolved and diluted to 0.600L?

7. When 350.0mL of 0.250M MgCl2 is boiled down to a final volume of 275.0mL, what is the [Cl-] in the resulting
solution?

8. What is the concentration of Cl- produced when 55.0mL of 0.300M HCl is mixed with 80.0mL of 0.550M CaCl2?

9. What is the concentration of all the ions in a solution produced by mixing 15.0mL of 0.325M Na3PO4 with 35.0mL
of 0.225M K2SO4?

10. A solution is made by mixing 100.0mL of 0.200M BaCl2 and 150.0mL of 0.400M NaCl. What is the concentration
of each ionic species in the final solution?

11. A chemistry student dissolves 3.25g of K2CrO4 and 1.75g of K2Cr2O7 in water and dilutes the mixture to a total
volume of 100.0mL. What is the concentration of all the ions in the solution?

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
UNIT VII: CALCULATIONS INVOLVING REACTIONS / CHAPTER 4: EXPRESSING AND MEASURING CHEMICAL CHANGE

1. In the reaction 2 C2H6 + 7 O2  4 CO2 + 6 H2O

a. How many oxygen molecules react with 6 molecules of C2H6?
b. How many H2O molecules are produced when 12 molecules of C2H6 react?
c. How many moles of oxygen molecules are needed to produce 18mol of CO2?
d. How many moles of CO2 are produced when 13mol of C2H6 are used up?

2. In the reaction 3 Fe + 4 H2O  Fe3O4 + 4 H2

a. How many molecules of Fe3O4 are produced when 12 atoms of Fe react?
b. How many moles of Fe are required to produce 16mol of H2?
c. How many H2 molecules are made when 40 molecules of Fe3O4 are produced?
d. How many moles of H2O are required to react with 14.5mol of Fe?

3. Consider the equation 3 I2 (g) + 6 F2 (g)  2 IF5 (g) + I4F2 (g).

a. How many moles of I4F2 (g) are produced by 5.40mol of F2 (g)?
b. How many moles of F2 (g) are required to produce 4.50mol of IF5 (g)?
c. How many moles of I2 (g) are required to react with 7.60mol of F2 (g)?

4. How many moles of H2O(g) are produced when 9.6mol of O2 (g) react according to the equation?
2 H2 (g) + O2 (g)  2 H2O(g)

5. How many moles of sulphuric acid could neutralize 0.034mol of potassium hydroxide solution?

6. Consider the reaction 4 NH3 (g) + 5 O2 (g)  6 H2O(g) + 4 NO(g)

a. What mass of NO(g) is produced when 2.00mol of NH3 (g) are reacted with excess O2 (g)?
b. What mass of H2O(g) is produced when 4.00mol of O2 (g) are reacted with excess NH3 (g)?
c. What volume of NH3 (g) at STP is required to react with 3.00mol of O2 (g)?
d. What volume of NH3 (g) at STP is required to produce 0.750mol of H2O(g)?

7. Solutions of barium nitrate and potassium sulfate were poured together. If this reaction required 6.5mol of
barium nitrate, how many grams of precipitate were formed?

8. Pentane, C5H12, burns according to the reaction C5H12 (l) + 8 O2 (g)  5 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O(l).
a. What mass of CO2 (g) is produced when 100.0g of C5H12 (l) is burned?
b. What mass of O2 (g) is required to produce 60.0g of H2O(l)?
c. What mass of C5H12 (l) is required to produce 90.0L of CO2 (g) at STP?
d. What volume of O2 (g) at STP is required to produce 70.0g of CO2 (g)?
e. What volume of O2 (g) at STP is required to produce 48.0L of CO2 (g) at STP?
f. What mass of H2O(l) is made when the burning of C5H12 gives 106L of CO2 (g) at STP?

9. What is the maximum mass of sulphur trioxide gas that can be formed from the combination of 5.00g each of S8
solid with O2 gas? Begin with a balanced equation.

10. What mass of water vapour would be formed from the complete combustion of 35.00g of ethanol (C2H5OH(l))?

11. The reaction of scrap aluminum with chlorine gas forms aluminum chloride. What mass of chlorine in the
presence of excess aluminum is required to make 4.56kg of aluminum chloride?

12. Carbon dioxide gas is produced in the reaction between calcium carbonate and hydrochloric acid. If 15.0g of
calcium carbonate reacted with an excess of hydrochloric acid, how many grams of carbon dioxide gas would be
produced?

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 13. Malachite is a beautiful green mineral often sculpted into jewellery. It decomposes as follows:
Cu(OH)2 • CuCO3 (s) ➝ 2 CuO(s) + CO2 (g) + H2O(l)
a. How many moles of CuO are formed from the decomposition of 1.26mol of malachite?
b. If a 1.5kg piece of malachite is completely decomposed, how many grams of copper(II) oxide are formed?
c. If 706g of copper(II) oxide are formed from the decomposition of a piece of malachite, how many litres of
carbon dioxide gas would form at STP?

14. Nitromethane, a fuel occasionally used in some drag racers, burns according to the reaction
4 CH3NO2 (l) + 3 O2 (g)  4 CO2 (g) + 6 H2O(l) + 2 N2 (g)
a. What mass of H2O is produced when 0.150g of CH3NO2 is burned?
b. What combined volume of gas at STP is produced if 0.316g of CH3NO2 is burned?
c. What volume of O2 (g) at STP is required to produce 0.250g of CO2?
d. What mass of H2O is produced when 0.410g of CO2 is produced?

15. Calcium carbonate (marble chips) is dissolved by hydrochloric acid. If 12.2L of carbon dioxide gas forms at STP,
what mass of marble chips was used?

16. Dihydrogen monosulphide gas may be prepared in a laboratory by the action of hydrochloric acid on iron(II)
sulphide. How many grams of iron(II) sulphide would be needed to prepare 21.7L of the gas at STP?

17. Tetraethyl lead, Pb(C2H5)4, is an “antiknock” ingredient which was added to some gasolines. Tetraethyl lead
burns according to the equation
2 Pb(C2H5)4 (l) + 27 O2 (g)  2 PbO(s) + 16 CO2 (g) + 20 H2O(l)
a. What volume of O2 (g) at STP is consumed when 100.0g of PbO(s) are formed?
b. How many molecules of CO2 are formed when 1.00x10-6 g of tetraethyl lead is burned?
c. How many molecules of H2O are formed when 135 molecules of O2 react?
d. What volume of O2 (g) at STP, in millilitres, is required to react with 1.00x1015 molecules of tetraethyl lead?

18. What volume of hydrogen gas is formed at STP by the reaction of excess zinc metal with 150mL of 0.185mol/L
hydroiodic acid?

19. What mass of zinc would completely react with 10.0mL of 0.45M hydrochloric acid solution?
Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ➝ ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

20. A flask containing 450mL of 0.500M HBr was accidentally knocked to the floor. How many grams of K2CO3 would
you need to put on the spill to completely neutralize the acid?

21. Potassium permanganate reacts with oxalic acid in aqueous sulphuric acid according to the equation:
2 KMnO4 + 5 H2C2O4 + 3 H2SO4 ➝ 2 MnSO4 + 10 CO2 + 8 H2O + K2SO4
How many millilitres of a 0.250M KMnO4 solution are needed to react with 3.225g of oxalic acid?

22. The acetic acid in a 2.5mol/L sample of a solution of a kettle scale remover is reacted with an excess of a lead(II)
nitrate solution to form a precipitate, which is then filtered and dried. The mass of the precipitate is 8.64g. What
volume of the solution was required to produce that mass?

23. What volume of 0.250M HCl is required to completely neutralize 25.0mL of 0.318M NaOH? [Hint: what is the
balanced equation for the reaction between HCl and NaOH?]

24. How many milliliters of a 0.610M NaOH solution are needed to completely neutralize 25.0mL of a 0.356M
phosphoric acid solution?

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 25. A technician analyzes a sample of water from the “tailings” pond of a mine for the presence of mercury. After
treating and concentrating the water sample, the technician carries out the titration reaction
Hg2+ + 2 Cl-  HgCl2 (s)
A 25.0mL sample of water containing mercury reacts with 15.4mL of 0.0148M Cl- (as NaCl).
a. What is the molar concentration of the mercury in the water sample?
b. What mass of HgCl2 is formed in the reaction?

26. The iron present in a sample of iron ore is converted to Fe2+ and titrated with dichromate ion
Cr2O72- + 6 Fe2+ + 14 H+  2 Cr3+ + 6 Fe3+ + 7 H2O
If 17.6mL of 0.125M dichromate ion is required to titrate a 25.0mL sample of Fe2+ solution,
a. What is the molarity of the Fe2+?
b. What mass of iron is present in the 25.0mL sample?

27. A 10.0mL sample of a saturated solution of Ca(OH)2 is titrated with 23.5mL of 0.0156M HCl.
a. What is the molarity of the Ca(OH)2 in the saturated solution?
b. What mass of Ca(OH)2 is dissolved in 250.0mL of saturated Ca(OH)2?

28. A student titrated 10.00mL HCl with 0.050M Sr(OH)2. The table below shows the data collected. Calculate the
[HCl].
Molarity of Sr(OH)2 = 0.050M Trial #1 Trial #2 Trial #3
Initial burette reading (mL) 0.00 16.05 32.93
Final burette reading 16.05 32.93 49.68
Volume of Sr(OH)2 added (mL)
Average volume Sr(OH)2 (mL)

29. A 10.00mL sample of vinegar (CH3COOH) was titrated with 18.20mL of 0.50M NaOH. Calculate the [CH3COOH].

30. A 250.00mL sample of Ca(OH)2 was titrated with 7.25mL 0.10M HCl. Calculate the mass of Ca(OH)2 present in the
solution.

31. A 25.00mL sample of 0.20M H2CO3 was titrated with 0.50M NaOH. What volume of NaOH was required to reach
the equivalence point?

32. In order to standardize a solution of NaOH, 0.18g of oxalic acid, H2C2O4·2H2O, was dissolved to make 250.00mL
of solution. A 25.00mL sample of this solution was titrated against 15.25mL NaOH. Calculate the [NaOH].

33. Prior to analyzing a fertilizer sample containing NH4NO3, a chemist makes a test solution by dissolving 15.5g of
pure NH4NO3 and diluting it to 500.0mL. If the chemist wishes to carry out the titration reaction
NH4NO3 (aq) + NaOH(aq)  NH3 (g) + H2O(l) + NaNO3 (aq)
Such that the reaction requires 25.0mL of NaOH when 10.0mL of the NH4NO3 solution is titrated,
a. What is the molarity of the NaOH she should use?
b. What volume of NH3 (g) at STP would be produced?

34. Silver nitrate and aluminum chloride react with each other by exchanging anions:
3 AgNO3 (aq) + AlCl3 (aq) ➝ Al(NO3)3 (aq) + 3 AgCl(s)
What mass of precipitate is produced when 4.22g of silver nitrate react with 7.73g of aluminum chloride in
solution?

35. If 0.250g of Ba(OH)2 is mixed with 15.0mL of 0.125M HBr, what mass of BaBr2 can be formed?
Ba(OH)2 + 2 HBr  BaBr2 + 2 H2O

36. What do we call the chemicals that remain unreacted following a chemical change?
Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 37. What mass of CS2 is produced when 17.5g of C are reacted with 39.5g of SO2 according to the equation
5 C + 2 SO2  CS2 + 4 CO
What mass of the excess reactant will be left over?

38. What mass of NO is produced when 87.0g of Cu are reacted with 225g of HNO3 according to the equation
3 Cu + 8 HNO3  3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2 NO + 4 H2O
What mass of the excess reactant will be left over?

39. What mass of P4 is produced when 41.5g of Ca3(PO4)2, 26.5g of SiO2 and 7.80g of C are reacted according to the
equation
2 Ca3(PO4)2 + 6 SiO2 + 10 C  P4 + 6 CaSiO3 + 10 CO
How many grams of each excess reactant will remain unreacted?

40. What mass of Br2 is produced when 25.0g of K2Cr2O7, 55.0g of KBr and 60.0g of H2SO4 are reacted according to
the equation?
K2Cr2O7 + 6 KBr + 7 H2SO4  4 K2SO4 + Cr2(SO4)3 + 3 Br2 + 7 H2O
How many grams of each excess reactant will remain unreacted?

41. The reaction SiO2 (s) + 4 HF(g)  SiF4 (g) + 2 H2O(g) produces 2.50g of H2O when 12.20g of SiO2 is treated
with a small excess of HF.
a. What mass of SiF4 is formed? b. What mass of SiO2 is left unreacted?
c. What is the percentage yield of the SiF4?

42. What mass of silver could be formed if a large zinc wire is placed in a beaker containing 145.0mL of 0.095mol/L
silver nitrate and allowed to react overnight? Assume the reaction has a 97% yield.

43. A 100.0g sample of impure FeS2 is roasted to produce Fe2O3 and SO2:
4 FeS2 (s) + 11 O2 (g)  2 Fe2O3 (s) + 8 SO2 (g)
If 4.50L of SO2 (g) is collected at STP, what percentage of FeS2 is in the sample?

44. A sample of impure silver with a mass of 0.7294g was dissolved in excess concentrated nitric acid according to
the following unbalanced equation:
Ag(s) + HNO3 (aq) ➝ AgNO3 (aq) + NO(g) + H2O(l)
Once the nitrogen monoxide gas was vented off in a fume hood, the resulting silver nitrate solution was reacted
with a slight excess of hydrochloric acid to form a precipitate of silver chloride. The dried precipitate’s mass was
0.3295g. What was the percentage purity of the silver sample?

45. Excess silver nitrate is dissolved in a total volume of 250mL of 0.103mol/L calcium chloride solution. The
resulting reaction produces 4.41g of silver chloride precipitate. What was the percentage purity of the calcium
chloride?

46. What volume of chlorine gas could be produced under STP conditions if 39.8g of 84.0% pure potassium chloride
were reacted with an excess of fluorine gas?

47. The roasting of siderite ore, FeCO3, produces iron (III) oxide:
4 FeCO3 + O2  2 Fe2O3 + 4 CO2
a. A 15.0g FeCO3 sample is 42.0% pure. What mass of Fe2O3 can the sample produce?
b. A second sample of FeCO3, with a mass of 55.0g, is roasted so as to produce 37.0g of Fe2O3. What is the
percentage purity of the FeCO3?
c. A 35.0g sample of pure FeCO3 produces 22.5g of Fe2O3, What is the percentage yield of the reaction?
d. What mass of siderite ore with a purity of 62.8% is needed to make 1.00kg of Fe2O3?

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
UNIT VIII: ATOMS AND THE PERIODIC TABLE /
CHAPTER 5: A CLOSER LOOK AT MATTER / CHAPTER 6: RELATIONSHIPS AND PATTERNS IN CHEMISTRY

1. Briefly describe the structure of the atom as proposed by each of the following:
a. John Dalton
b. J.J. Thomson
c. Ernest Rutherford

2. Fill in the following table. Show both the atomic number and atomic mass of the “particle”.
Particle Atomic Number Atomic Mass Number of Number of Number of
protons neutrons electrons
52
24𝐶𝐶𝐶𝐶
222
86𝑅𝑅𝑅𝑅
31 39 31
13 14 13
197 118 76
75 33 36
83 126 78

3. Write the notation for the following neutral atoms.

a. an atom with 78 protons and 117 neutrons
b. an atom with a mass of 237 having 90 electrons
c. an atom with 69 electrons and 100 neutrons

4. Write the notation for the following ions.

a. a 3+ cation with 80 electrons and 127 neutrons
b. a 1- anion with 54 electrons and 78 neutrons
c. an ion with 66 electrons, 69 protons and 100 neutrons

5. Complete the table. Show the atomic number and atomic mass in the “Symbol” column.
Symbol Atomic Mass Atomic Number of Number of Number of
Number protons neutrons electrons
a. 84 36 36
b. 35 45 35
c. 127 53 54
d. 27 32 27
e. Zn 36
f. Cd2+ 112
g. 38 50 36
h. X2- = 75 54
i. X =
3+
103 42
j. X3- = 33 42

6. The following mixtures of isotopes are found in nature. Calculate the expected molar mass of a sample of each
mixture.
a. 10B = 18.8%, 11B = 81.2%
b. 69Ga = 60.0%, 71Ga = 40.0%
c. 107Ag = 51.8%, 109Ag = 48.2%
d. 70Ge = 20.5%, 72Ge = 27.4%, 73Ge = 7.8%, 74Ge = 36.5%, 76Ge = 7.8%
e. 64Zn = 48.9%, 66Zn = 27.8%, 67Zn = 4.1%, 68Zn = 18.6%, 70Zn = 0.6%
f. 90Zr = 51.5%, 91Zr = 11.2%, 92Zr = 17.1%, 94Zr = 17.4%, 96Zr = 2.8%
Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 7. Natural samples of carbon contain 98.90% C-12 (mass = 12.000000) and 1.10% C-13 (mass = 13.003355). What is
the molar mass of the mixture of carbon isotopes, expressed to 3 decimal places?

8. Naturally occurring silicon consists of 92.23% Si-28 (mass = 27.976927g), 4.67% Si-29 (mass = 28.976495g) and
3.10% Si-30 (mass = 29.973770g). What is the expected average molar mass of a sample of natural silicon,
expressed to 4 decimal places?

9. Silver has two naturally occurring isotopes. Calculate the percent abundances of silver-107 and silver-109 using
the following data:
Atomic mass of silver 107.87amu
Isotopic mass of silver-107 106.9051amu
Isotopic mass of silver-109 108.9045amu

10. Predict the electron configuration of the following.

a. P b. Ti
c. Co d. Br
e. Sr f. Ar
g. K h. Cd
i. Ca j. Xe
k. Cs l. Pb
m. Ga n. Mn
o. Zr

11. Write the electron configurations for each of He, Ne, Ar, Kr and Xe using core notation

12. Write the electron configurations for Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs and Fr using core notation

13. Predict the electron configuration of the following ions, using core notation.
a. H- b. Sr2+
c. Br -
d. N3+
e. Ti 2+
f. N2-
g. Mn2+ h. Ge4+
i. Fe 3+
j. Ge2+
k. Ru 3+
l. Sb3+

14. Use the periodic table to complete the following table:

Atom or Ion Full Electron Configuration Core Notation
Ge
Zn2+
Sr
Br-
Sn
In3+

15. If hydrogen’s electron exists in a spherical orbital, why doesn’t this mean that the electron moves around the
nucleus in a circle?

16. What is the difference between a 1s orbital and a 2s orbital? What does that difference indicate about an
electron possessing energy equal to n = 2 as compared to n = 1?

17. Describe the two differences between a 2px orbital and a 3py orbital.

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 18. a. Use the periodic table to identify the neutral atoms having the following electron configurations:
Electron Configuration Element Name
[Ne]3s2
[Ar]4s23d5
[Kr]5s24d105p3
[Xe]6s24f7
b. Notice where each of these elements is located on the periodic table. Look at the highest energy sublevel
being filled (bold type) in each of the atoms in the table, and identify the four different sections of the
periodic table associated with each of these four sublevels.

19. How many valence electrons are possessed by each of: Se, K-, Sn, Ge2+, Br?

20. How many unpaired electrons are there on each of: H, C, O, He, S, N, F, Kr?

21. State the chemical family or group to which each of the following elements belongs.
a. radon b. calcium
c. iron d. cesium
e. iodine f. zinc
g. lithium h. chlorine

22. Which member of each of the following pairs is more metallic?

a. B of Ga b. Ge or S
c. Br or Sn d. Mg or P
e. As or Bi

23. Arrange the following in order from most metallic to least metallic: P, Ca, F, Si, Ge

24.
a. What happens to the distance between the nucleus and outermost electrons going down a chemical family?
b. What happens to the electrostatic attraction of the nucleus to an electron in the outermost shell going down
a family?
c. What happens to the ionization energy going down a family?

25.
a. What happens to the distance between the nucleus and the outermost electrons going left to right across a
period?
b. What happens to the nuclear charge going across the period?
c. What happens to the electrostatic attraction of the nucleus to an electron in the outermost shell going
across a period?
d. What happens to the ionization energy going across the period?

26. Briefly explain why fluorine is a smaller atom than lithium. Consider which factor is predominating across a
period.

27. Which atom is bigger: Pb or Si? Why?

28. NEGATIVE IONS: Assume extra electrons are added to a neutral atom of O to make O2-. The resulting ion has the
same positive nuclear charge and an increased number of negative electrons surrounding the nucleus.
a. What happens to the amount of electrostatic repulsion existing between the electrons?
b. What happens to the volume occupied by the electrons due to the change in the amount of electron-
electron repulsion?
Fill in the appropriate word. NEGATIVE IONS are than the corresponding neutral atom.
Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 29. POSITIVE IONS: Assume electrons are removed from a neutral atom of Mg to make Mg2+. The resulting ion has
the same positive nuclear charge and a decreased number of negative electrons surrounding the nucleus.
a. What happens to the amount of electrostatic repulsion existing between the electrons?
b. What happens to the volume occupied by the electrons due to the change in repulsion?
Fill in the appropriate word. POSITIVE IONS are than the corresponding neutral atom.

30. Which is expected to be larger?

a. Na+ or N- b. I or I+
c. As or As3- d. Na+ or Cs+
e. Se- or S f. S2- or S
g. Ca2+ or Se2- h. O2- or S2-
i. K+ or Cl-

31. Which member of each of the following pairs should have a greater ionization energy?
a. Br or Cl b. Al or Cl
c. Ne or Xe d. Mg or Ba
e. F or Ne f. Rb or I

32. This exercise compares Li and F.

a. Which atom is larger: Li or F?
b. Which atom has the stronger attraction to the outer electrons on a neighbouring atom, based only on the
atomic radius?
c. Which atom has the greater nuclear charge?
d. Which atom can attract electrons from an adjacent atom most strongly, based on both size and nuclear
charge?
Summarize the above by filling in the blank below. IN GENERAL, when going from left to right across the periodic
table the electronegativity of the atoms will .

33. This exercise compares F and I.

a. Which atom is larger: F or I?
b. Which atom has a stronger attraction to the outer electrons of another atom?
Summarize the above by filling in the blank below. IN GENERAL, when going down a family of the periodic table
the electronegativity of the atoms will .

34. Which of the following should have a higher electronegativity?

a. F or I b. Rb or Li
c. Si or Cl d. Na or Si
e. Sn or S f. N or Sb

35. What type of bond would be expected to form between atoms of each of the following?
a. H and O b. K and I
c. Ni and Cl d. P and O
e. Ca and Br f. N and F

36. Complete the following table by writing in the formulas of the compounds formed from the pairs of elements.
Determine the ΔEN value for each and then classify the bonds as non-polar covalent, polar covalent, or ionic.
Elements Compound ΔEN Value Nature of Bonds
Formula Present
a. rubidium and oxygen
b. strontium and bromine
c. carbon and sulphur
d. silicon and chlorine
Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 37. What happens to an atom of lithium when it reacts; that is, what is produced? What trend in reactivity should
exist going down the periodic table from Li to Fr?

38. What ion is formed when a halogen atom reacts? How could you explain the observed reactivity of the
halogens?

39. Predict the formula of the compound formed by joining each of the following?
a. Pb and I b. In and As
c. Al and Si d. N and F
e. Si and C f. P and H

40. Draw the Lewis Structure of each of the following ionic compounds.
a. KBr b. AlCl3
c. MgO d. Li2S
e. K3P

41. Draw Lewis structures for each of the following molecules in the space provided.
OF2
H2S
PCl3
CCl2F2

42. Draw Lewis structures for each of the polyatomic ions in the space provided.
OH–
AlH4–
CN–

43. Extension: Draw Lewis structures for each of the following. Each central atom in the molecules or ions has an
expanded octet.
SF6
PCl5
ICl4–
SeBr4

44. Draw Lewis structures for each of the following containing multiple bonds.
CS2
SCO (C is central)
O3 (Extension: Draw two resonance structures)
NO3– (Extension: Draw three resonance structures)

45. a. What do the letters: V S E P and R in the term “VSEPR theory” stand for?
b. What does the theory allow us to do?

46. Complete the following table:

Lewis Structure AXmEn Notation Shape of Molecule Type of Intermolecular
(Name and Diagram) Force Acting Between
Molecules
a. dichloromethane
b. phosgene
c. sulphur hexafluoride
d. iodine pentafluoride

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 47. Why do non-bonding or lone-pair electrons attached to a central atom occupy more space than bonding
electron pairs?

48. The distance between the nuclei of two atoms involved in a bond is called the BOND LENGTH. What should
happen to the bond length as the number of shared electrons in the bond increases? Why will this happen?

49. Which of the following are expected to be polar and which are expected to be nonpolar?
a. H-H b. H-O
c. O-Cl d. Cl-Cl

50. What happens to the strength of the London forces between two identical atoms going
a. down a column in the periodic table? b. left to right across the periodic table?

51. The F atoms in a single molecule of F2 are held together by covalent bonding. A sample of F2 (l) consists of F2
molecules held next to each other by London forces. When a sample of F2 (l) boils and becomes F2 (g), are the
covalent bonds between F atoms or the London forces between F2 molecules broken? Why does this occur?

52. The following substances rely on London forces to hold them in the liquid phase. Which substance in each pair
should have a higher boiling temperature?
a. Ne or Ar b. Br2 or Cl2
c. CH4 or CF4 d. CBr4 or CCl4

53. Which of ionic bonding, covalent bonding or London forces are most important in holding each of the following
substances together in the solid phase?
a. N2 (s); melts at -210oC b. RbBr; melts at 693oC
c. CS2 (s); melts at -111 C
o
d. Ge(s); a network structure which melts at 937oC
e. CaCl2 (s); melts at 782 C
o
f. Xe(s); melts at -112oC

54. Which of the following would be expected to form a stronger bond?

a. Na+Cl- or K+Br- b. C-O or Si-S
c. K F or Ca O
+ - 2+ 2-
d. Cs+I- or Mg2+O2-
e. C-C or Si-Si f. B-F or N≡N (N≡N shares 6 electrons)

55. Which member of each following pair would you expect to have the higher melting point?
a. CaO or RbI b. BeO or BN
c. LiF or NaCl d. CsCl or BaS
e. RbI or KCl f. BeO or MgS

56. Which of the following substances would you expect to involve hydrogen bonds?
a. CH4 b. HCl
c. H2O d. H2S
e. CH3-NH2 f. CH3-SH
g. CH3-CH2-OH h. HF

57. Which should melt at a higher temperature?

a. He or Xe b. HBr or Kr
c. CH3-CH3 or HO-CH2CH2-OH d. F2 or Br2
e. CH4 or CCl4 f. H2O or H2Te
g. CH4 or CH3F h. HI or HCl

58. Why does the melting temperature increase going down the halogen family, whereas the melting temperature
decreases going down the alkali metals?

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
UNIT X: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY / CHAPTER 8: ORGANIC CHEMISTRY

1.

2.

3.

4. Draw the following hydrocarbons. Include all hydrogens.

a. 3-methylhexane b. 4-ethyloctane
c. 2-methylpentane d. 4-propylnonane
e. 3-ethylheptane f. 5-propyldecane

5.

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 6.

7. Sketch the following molecules.

a. 3-ethyl-2,3-dimethylhexane b. 2,2-dimethyl-5,6-dipropylnonane
c. 4-ethyl-3-methyl-5-propyloctane d. 2,2,3,3-tetramethylpentane
e. 3,4-diethylhexane f. 5-butyl-6,6,-diethyl-3,3,7-trimethyldecane
g. dimethylpropane (why are no numbers used?) h. 4-ethyl-2-methyloctane
i. hexamethylpentane j. 3,6-diethyl-4-methyl-5-propyloctane

8. Sketch the following compounds.

a. 1,2-dimethylcyclobutane b. 1,1,2-trimethylcyclopropane
c. 1,3-dipropylcyclopentane d. propylcyclopropane
e. 1,3-diethyl-2,2-dimethylcyclooctane f. 1,2,4-triethylcycloheptane

9. Alkyl halides contain one or more of which family of elements?

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 10.

11.

12. Draw the following molecules.

a. trichloromethane (common name chloroform) b. 1,2-dichloroethane
c. 1,3,5-tribromocyclohexane d. 4-bromo-2-chloro-3-ethyloctane
e. 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-methylpentane

13. Write the condensed structure and name for the three structural isomers having the molecular formula C5H12.

14. Draw and name the 8 structural isomers of C5H11Cl.

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 15. Draw carbon skeleton structural formulas for all of the isomers of the alkane with seven carbon atoms. Under
each diagram, write the isomer’s name.

16. Write the condensed structure and name for the two structural isomers that involve a single methyl group
attached to hexane.

17. Write the condensed structure and name of the four structural isomers that involve two methyl groups attached
to pentane.

18. How many isomers of C8H18 contain no side chains other than a single methyl group?

19. Draw and name the 9 structural isomers of C5H10Cl2 that have no methyl groups.

20. What is the difference between a structural isomer and a geometric isomer? Use an example in your answer.

21. Draw the condensed structure for the following.

a. 1-hexene b. 4-nonyne
c. 3-decene d. 2-heptyne
e. 2-octene f. 1-octyne

22. Name the following.

a. CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 b. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-C≡CH
c. CH3-CH2-CH2-C≡C-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3 d. CH3-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH2-CH3

23. Draw the condensed structure for each of the following.

a. 4-ethyl-3-methyl-2-hexene b. 3-methyl-4-octyne
c. 1-ethyl-1-cyclononene d. 3-ethyl-4-methyl-1-hexyne
e. dimethyl-2-butene f. 3,6-dimethyl-1-cyclohexene
g. cyclopropyne h. 1,3-dimethyl-1-cyclopentene

24. Draw 1-pentene. Does this molecule exhibit cis-trans isomerism? Explain.

25. Draw condensed structural formulas for the following compounds.

a. 4-ethyl-3,5-dimethylnonane
b. 5,6-dimethyl-3-heptyne
c. trans-2-heptene
d. 1,3-dimethyl-2-propylcycloheptane
e. 4,5,5-trimethyl-2-heptyne
f. ethylcyclohexane
g. 4-ethyl-3,3-dimethyloctane
h. 3-cyclopentyl-5,5-dimethyl-1-hexene

26. Which of the following molecules can exhibit cis-trans isomerism?

a. 1-butene b. 3-hexene
c. 4-heptyne d. 2-octene
e. 3-ethyl-3-hexene f. 2,5-dimethyloctane

27. Draw the actual shape of the following molecules using condensed structures.
a. trans-2-hexene b. 3-hexyne
c. cis-3-octene d. trans-4-decene
e. 2-butyne f. 4-methyl-cis-2-pentene

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 28.

29.

30. Draw the following cis and trans isomers.

a. trans-3,4-dichloro-3-hexene b. trans-2-octene
c. cis-2,3-dibromo-2-butene d. trans-1,1,1-trifluoro-2-pentene
e. cis-1,1,1,7,7,7-hexachloro-3-heptene f. cis-2-nonene

31. a. Unsaturated fats are generally a liquid at room temperature. What is meant by the term “unsaturated”?
b. Which of the following are unsaturated: alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, cycloalkanes, aromatics?

32. What elements other than carbon and hydrogen commonly appear in organic molecules?

33. Draw the structures of the following compounds.

a. 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene b. 1-bromo-4-chlorobenzene
c. fluorobenzene d. 1,4-dibromo-2-methylbenzene
e. 1,3-diethylbenzene f. hexylbenzene

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 34.

35. Draw the following compounds.

a. 1-butanol b. 2-methyl-1-cyclopentanol
c. 2,2-dichloro-3-methyl-4-nonanol d. 2,5-diethyl-1-cyclohexanol
e. 3-methyl-1-pentanol f. 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-propanol

36. Draw condensed structural formulae for each compound below.

a. cyclopentanol
b. 1,1-dichloroethene
c. 2-methyl-3-pentanol
d. 2-chloropropane
e. 1,1-dichloro-3,3-dimethyl-2-hexanol
f. 2,3,5-tribromocyclohexanol

37.

38. Name the following molecules.

a. CH3-CH2-COO-CH3 b. HCOO-CH2-CH2-CH3
c. CH3-CH2-CH2-COO-CH2-CH3 d. CH3-COO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3
e. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-COO-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH3

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 39. Draw the following molecules.
a. propyl pentanoate b. methyl hexanoate
c. ethyl propanoate d. butyl butanoate
e. hexyl methanoate

40. What is a functional group? Give two examples of a functional group.

41. Both organic and inorganic compounds may contain an –OH group. In an ionic compound, what is the name of
the –OH group? In an organic compound?

42. Which functional groups contain only the following?

a. single bonded oxygen atoms
b. double bonded oxygen atoms
c. both single and double bonded oxygen atoms

43.

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 44.

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)
 45. Draw the following molecules.
a. 1,4,4-trifluoro-2-pentanol b. 4-chloro-2-hexyne
c. ethyl pentanoate d. 3,4,5,6-tetramethylnonane
e. 3-octyne f. 1,3-diethylbenzene
g. 1,3-dibromo-3-hexene h. 3,5-diethyl-4,4-dimethylheptane
i. 2,3-dichloro-2-butene j. methyl octanoate
k. 3,3-diiodo-4-ethyl-2-methyl-1-hexene l. cyclooctene
m. 2-methyl-3-heptyne n. 3-methyl-1-cyclobutanol
o. 1-ethyl-3-propylbenzene p. cyclohexyne
q. 2-methyl-2-butanol r. 2,2,3,3-tetrabromobutane

46. Classify the following as alkane, alkene, alkyne, cycloalkane, or aromatic without drawing the structure. Some
may have more than one classification.
a. C5H10 _______________________
b. C15H32 _______________________
c. C9H16 _______________________
d. C6H6 _______________________

47. A hydrocarbon has the formula CNH2N-2. Which of the following are possible?
a. the compound is branched but has no multiple bonds or cyclic groups
b. the compound has a single double bond
c. the compound has a single triple bond
d. the compound has a single cyclic group
e. the compound has two double bonds
f. the compound has two triple bonds
g. the compound has two cyclic groups
h. the compound has a double bond and a triple bond
i. the compound has a double bond and a single cyclic group
j. the compound has a cyclic group and a triple bond

48. Draw and name the 9 isomers of C5H10.

49. Complete the following table:

Name of group Atoms and their arrangement
hydroxyl
carbonyl
carboxyl

50. How is an amide different than a carboxylic acid? How are they similar?

51. For each of the following compounds named, classify the compound according to its functional group. For some
compounds, more than one functional group may be used. Draw condensed structural formulas for as many of
these as you can.
a. 2,3-dichloropentane
b. 2-decyne
c. trans-3-hexene
d. 1,2-dimethylbenzene
e. 2-chloro-2-pentanol
f. 3-methylbutanamide
g. propanal
h. pentanoic acid

Hebden: Chemistry 11 – A Workbook For Students (James A. Hebden) / BC Science: Chemistry 11 (Edvantage Interactive)