Solution

TEST 11P FULL SYLLABUS LATEST PATTERN

Class 11 - Physics
Section A
1.
(c) Pressure if a = 1, b = -1, c = -2
[F] −2

Explanation: Pressure, [P ] = =
MLT

2
[A] L

= [M1L-1T-2]
∴ a = 1, b = -1, c = -2
2.
(c) 16
Explanation: 16

TE
3.
(d) A bangle
Explanation: As centre of mass of bangle is in centre of its body which is outside the body of bangle.

TU
4.
AY (R−r)
(d) r

Explanation: Strain = 2πR−2πr

2πr
=
R−r

Stress = Y × strain = F
=
T

A A
TI
T = AY × strain
AY (R−r)
=
r

5.
S
(d) zero
IN

Explanation: The gravitational force acting by a spherically symmetric shell upon a point mass inside it, is the vector sum of
gravitational forces acted by each part of the shell, and this vector sum is equal to zero. That is, a mass m within a spherically
symmetric shell of mass M will feel no net force
6.
KI

(b) y = (0.02) sin (7.85 x - 1005 t)

Explanation: Amplitude = 2 cm = 0.02 m, v =128 m/s
4 128
λ = = 0.8m; v = = 160Hz
5 0.8
K

ω = 2 πv = 2 π × 160 = 1005; k = 2π

λ
=
2π

0.8
= 7.85

∴ y = 0.02 sin (7.85 x - 1005 t)

DI

7. (a) 3

2
mv
2

Explanation: By conservation of momentum along horizontal direction,

2 mv' = mv cos 45°+ mv cos 45°

2mv' = 2mv × 1

√2

′ v
v =
√2

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 2
1 1 1 v
Total K.E. = 2
mv
2
+
2
mv
2
+
2
(2m)( )
√2

2 1 2 3 2
= mv + mv = mv
2 2

8. (a) 113 m/s

−−−−− −
Explanation: v = ω √A 2
− y
2

−−−−−−−−− −
= 2√(60) − (20) 2 2

= 113 ms-1
–
= 80√2

9.
(b) 250π J 2

Explanation: Here, we have given that

mass = 5 kg, radius = 1 m
300
ω =
60
rps = 5 rps = 5×2πrads −1

1 1 1
K.E. = 2
mv
2
=
2
m(rω )
2
=
2
× 5(1 × 10π)
2
= 250π J
2

10. (a) to balance the effect of earth's gravity

Explanation: The waving of arms helps in keeping the centre of gravity at a suitable position. This helps the man to walk

TE
comfortably.
∘

11. (a) 0.7 A

∘
12×0+16×1.2
Explanation: x

TU
CM = ≃ 0.7 A
12+16

12.
(b) 238 oC
Explanation: The base area of the boiler, A = 0.15 m2
TI
Thickness of the boiler, l = 1.0 cm = 0.01 m
Boiling rate of water, R = 6.0 kg/min
Mass, m = 6 kg
S
Time, t = 1 min = 60 s
IN

Thermal conductivity of brass, K = 109 J s –1 m–1 K–1

Heat of vaporisation, L = 2256 × 103 J kg–1
The amount of heat flowing into the water through the brass base of the boiler is
KA( T1 − T2 )
Q = t ......(1)
KI

where,
T1 = Temperature of the flame in contact with the boiler
T2 = Boiling point of water = 100°C
K

Heat required for boiling the water

Q = mL....…(ii)
DI

Equating equations (i) and (ii), we get:

KA( T1 − T2 )t
mL = l

T1 - T2 = mLl

KAt

3
6×2256× 10 ×0.01
= (109×0.15×60)

= 137.98 oC
Therefore, the temperature of the part of the flame in contact with the boiler is 237.98oC.
13. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Since the gaseous pressure and the displacement (of the piston) are in the same direction. Therefore θ = 0∘

∴ Work done = Fscosθ = Fs = Positive

Thus during expansion work done by gas is positive.

14.
(b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.

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15.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
GM
Explanation: Gravitational field intensity at a point distance r from centre of earth is E = 2
. When r = ∞ , E = 0
r

When point is inside the earth, then

4πGpr
E= G

2
×
4

3
3
πr ρ =
3
r

when r = 0, E = 0
16. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Section B
17. Mass of trolley, m = 2.0 kg
Frequency of rotation of turn table,
v= = 5 rps
300

60

Extension produced in the string,

y = 40 - 35 = 5 cm = 5 × 10-2 m

TE
When the turn-table is set into rotation, the tension (restoring force) in the spring is equal to the centripetal force. Thus
Restoring force = Centripetal force
F = ky = mrω = mr(2πv) 2 2

2 2

k= 4π v mr

TU
y

[r = length of stretched spring = 40 cm]

2 −2
4×9.87× 5 ×2.0×40× 10
= −2
5×10

= 15795 Nm-1
3
[L ]
TI
18. Dimension of volume per second, V = V

T
= = [L T
3 −1
]
[T ]

−2
[ML T ]

Dimension of pressure P = F

A
=
2
= [M L
−1
T
−2
]
[L ]
S
Dimension of radius , r = [L]
Dimension of coefficient of viscosity, η = [ML-1T-1]
IN

Dimension of length of the pipe , l = [L]

−1 −2 4
4 [ML T ][L ]
πP r
∴ Dimension of R.H.S = 8ηl
= −1 −1
= [M
0 3
L T
−1
] , π and 8 are dimensionless entities.
[ML T ][L]

And dimension of L.H.S., V = [MoL3T-1]

KI

Clearly, dimensions R.H.S = dimensions L.H.S, therefore the given equation is dimensionally accurate as it is perfectly in
accordance with the principle of Homogeniety.
19. We know that
K

Force = mass × acceleration

Acceleration = Change in Velocity/Time Taken
DI

⇒ Acceleration = M0L1T-2
Substituting this in Force formula we get
Force = Mass × Acceleration
Force = M × M0L1T-2
So Dimensional Formula of Force = M1L1T-2
SI unit of Force is kg ms-2 popularly known as Newton (N)
20. Given, mass of the object m1 = 1kg, a1 = 8 m/s2, ai =12 m/s2
To find: Force F = ?
Applying Newton's second law of motion;
F1 = m1a1
and F2 = m2a2
f1 = f2 = f
or m1a2 = m2a2
m2 a1 8
⇒ = =
m1 a2 12

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 8
m2 = = 0.67kg
12

F = m1a1 = 1× 8 = 8N
2 3

21. T 2
=
4π

GMs
a

2 1/3
GMs T
⇒ a= [ ]
2
4π

Substituting values, we get a = 4.15 × 10 11

m.

OR
i. The strong nuclear forces operate only over a range of distance of the order of 10-14 to 10-15m. The forces involved in weak
interactions operate only during radioactive decay. Electrical forces are stronger than gravitational forces for a given distance,
but they can be attractive as well as repulsive unlike gravitational force, which is always attractive. As a result, the forces
between massive neutral bodies are predominantly gravitational.
ii. No, the forces of friction and other contact forces have electromagnetic origin.
Section C
22. Radius of mercury drop r = 3.00 mm = 3 × 10-3m

E
surface tension of mercury S = 4.65 × 10-1 Nm-1
atmospheric pressure Patm = 1.01 × 105 pa

UT
Total pressure (Ptotal) inside the mercury drop = excess pressure inside mercury + atmospheric pressure
equation for excess pressure inside mercury P = pi - p0 = 2S

2S
thus Ptotal = P + Patm = r
+ Patm

Ptotal = 2×4.65×10

3×10

Ptotal = 1.0131 × 105 Pa

−3
−1

+ (1.01 × 105)
IT
ST
−1
2S 2×4.65×10
excess pressure P = r
=
−3
3×10

P = 310 Pa
23. According to Newton's law of cooling rate of fall of temperature is given as
dT
IN

− = K (T − T0 )
dt

where K is a constant
dT
∴ = −K dt
T −T0

On integrating, log e
(T − T0 ) = -Kt + c, where c is constant of integration.
I

⇒ T − T0 = e
(−Kt+c)
= e-Kt. ec = C 0
−Kt
⋅ e
KK

or T = T0 + C0 e
−Kt
where C0 = ec = a constant.
According to this equation, the temperature of hot liquid falls exponentially with time. The temperature versus time plot is shown
in Figure.
DI

24. Let particle is at P at any instant t and its position vector is r.

∧ ∧

Then, r = x i +y j
where x = u sin θ.t
and y = u sin θ.t - 1

2
gt
2

and if v = velocity vector of particle at that instant.

∧ ∧

Then, r = x i +y j
where, x = u cos θ.t

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 and y = u sin θ.t - 1

2
gt
2

and if v = velocity vector of particle at that instant.

∧ ∧

Then,v = v i +v j x y

where,v = u cos θ
x

and v = u sin θ- gt
y

So r = (u cos θ)t i + ((u sin θ) ⋅ t − 1

2
2 ^
gt ) j

∧ ∧

and v = u cos θ i +(u sin θ −gt ) j

TE
So, L = angular momentum of a particle
= m(r × v)
∣ ^ ^ ^ ∣
i j k
∣ ∣
= ∣ u cos θt u sin θ −
1
gt)t 0 ∣

TU
2
∣ ∣
∣ u cos θ (u sin θ − gt) 0 ∣

=- 1

2
m(u cos θ ) gt .k 2

So, angular momentum is along the z-axis.

25. u = 20 m/s. θ = 60o
TI
Let position be (x, y) after t = 0.5 s
There is no acceleration along horizontal direction and there is acceleration due to gravity along vertical direction.
NS

We know that,
X = Vx t = u cos θt
= 20(cos 60)0.5
= 5 m/s
II

The equation of projectile gives the vertical distance travelled.

2
gx
y = x tan θ − 2 2
2u cos θ
–
KK

9.8×25×4
= (5 × √3) −
2×400

= 8.66 - 1.225
= 7.44m
Thus, the position of body after 0.5s is (x, y) = (5m, 7.44m)
The x component of velocity is
DI

Vx = u cos θ = 20 × 0.5 = 10 m/s

The y component of velocity is
vy = u sin θ - gt
√3
= 20 × − 9.8 × 0.5
2

= 12.42 m/s
Thus, the velocity of the body after 0.5 s is
−−−−−−
2 2
v = √vx + vy

−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
= √10 + 12.42

= 15.95 m/s
26. Given, 1H2 = 2.014 u, 2He3 = 3.0160 u, Mn = 1.0087 u

1 u = 1.66 × 10-27 kg
Energy released = ?
mass of reactant, massr = 2 × 2.0141 = 4.0282 u
mass of products, massp = 3.0160 + 1.0087 = 4.0247 u

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 Loss of mass = massp - massr
△ M = (4.0282 - 4.0247) u
= 0.0035 u
= 0.0035 × 1.66 × 10-27 kg
Energy released E = (△m)c2
E = 0.0035 × 1.66 × 10-27 × (3 × 108)2
= 52.2 × 10-14 J
As we know 1 MeV = 1.602 × 10-13 J
−14
52.2×10
Energy released = −13
= 3.26 MeV
1.602×10

27. Yes, for the longest jump the player should throw himself at an angle of 45° with respect to horizontal. The vertical height for this
angle is
2 2 o 2
u sin 45 u
H= 2g
=
4g

2
u
where u is the velocity of projection. If the vertical height is different from 4g
, then the angle will be different from 45° and the

E
horizontal distance covered will also be less.
Clearly, the span of jump depends upon

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i. the initial velocity of the jump,
ii. the angle of projection
28. Acc. to Bernoulli ’s theorem, for the streamline flow of an ideal liquid, the total energy that is sum of pressure energy, potential
energy and kinetic energy per unit mass remains constant at every cross-section throughout the flow. Consider a tube A B of
varying cross-section.
IT
ST
IN

p1 = Pressure applied on liquid at A

p2 = Pressure applied on liquid at B
a1, a2 = Area of cross - section at A & B
h1 h2 = height of section A and B from the ground.
I

v1, v2 = Normal velocity of liquid at A and B

KK

s = Density of ideal liquid

Let P1 > P2
m = Mass of liquid crossing per second through any section of tube.
a1 v1 s = a2 v2 s = m
DI

m
or a1 v1 = a2 v2 = s
=v
As a1 > a2 ∴ v2 >v1
Force of on liquid at A = p1 a1
Force on liquid at B = p2 a2
Work done/second on liquid at A = p1 a1` × v1 = p1V
Work done/second on liquid at B = p2 V
Net work done | second by pressure energy in moving the liquid from A to B = p1 v - p2 v → (1)
If ‘m’ mass of liquid flows in one second from A to B then Increases in potential energy per second from A to B = mgh2 - mgh1
→ (2)
Increase in kinetic energy/second of liquid from A to B = 1

2
2
mv
2
−
1

2
2
mv
1
→ (3)

From, work energy principle:-

Work done by pressure energy = Increase in P. E. /sec + Increase in K. E/sec
From equation 1, 2, & 3

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 P1 v - p2 v = (mgh2 - mgh1) + 1

2
mv
2
2
−
1

2
2
mv
1

P1 v + mgh1 + 1

2
mv
2
1
= p2 v +
1

2
mv
2
2
+ mg h2

Dividing throughout by m →
p1 v 1 p2 v 1
2 2
+ g h1 + v ± + v + g h2
m 2v 1 m 2 2
p1 1 p2 1
2 2
+ g h1 + v = + v + g h2
s 2 1 s 2 2

s1 =
m

v
Density
Hence, → 4)
p

ρ
+ gh +
1

2
v
2
= Constant
p

ρ
= Pressure energy per unit mass
gh = potential energy per unit mass
v = kinetic energy per unit mass
1 2

2
p

ρ
+ gh +
1

2
v
2
= constant
OR
given that,

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​Here r = 0.8

2
= 0.4 mm = 0.4 × 10-3 m, η = 0.15 Ns/m2, g = 9.8 m/s2
Specific gravity of the liquid = 0.9
Density of liquid (given medium),
= 0.9 × 103 kg m-3 = 900 kg m-3

TU
′
ρ

Density of air bubble (spherical object),

ρ = 1 kg m-3
Terminal velocity of air bubble,
2
2r g(ρ− ρ )
′
2× (0.4× 10
−3 2
) ×9.8×(1−900)
TI
v= 9η
=
9×0.15

= -0.0021 ms-1
The negative sign shows that the air bubble will rise up.
NS

Terminal velocity of air bubble in water :

Here ρ = 1000 kg m-3, η = 10-3 Nsm-2
′

2
−3
2× (0.4× 10 ) ×9.8×(1−1000)

∴ v =
II

−3
9×10

= -0.348 ms-1
Section D
KK

29. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

Newton's Cradle: The device consists of a row of five metal balls positioned to just barely touch one another suspended from a
frame by thin wires.
a small cradles, the balls are hung from the crossbars by light wire, with the balls at the point of an inverted triangle. This ensures
that the balls can only swing in one plane, parallel to the crossbars. If the ball could move on any other plane, it would impart less
DI

energy to the other balls in the impact or miss them altogether, and device wouldn't work as well, if at all.
All the balls are, ideally, exactly of the same size, weight, mass and density. As long as the balls are all the same size and density,
they can be as big or as small as you like. The balls must be perfectly aligned at the centre to make the cradle to make the cradle
work the best.

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 When a ball on one end of the cradle is pulled away from the others and then released, it strikes the next ball in the cradle, which
remains motionless. But the last ball on the opposite end of the row is thrown into the air, then swings back to strike the other
balls, starting the chain reaction again in reverse.
This device illustrates the three main principles of Physics - conservation of energy, conservation of momentum and friction.
Everything that moves has momentum equal to its mass multiplied by its velocity. Like energy, momentum is also conserved.
Momentum is a vector quantity, when 1st ball hits 2nd ball, it's travelling in a specific direction, let's say east to west. This means
that its momentum is also moving east to west. Any change in direction of the motion brings a change in the momentum, which
cannot happen without the influence of an outside force.
That is why 1st ball doesn't simply bounce off 2nd ball, the momentum carries the energy through all the balls in a westward
direction.
It is to remember that the law of conservation only works in a closed system, which is free from any external force. The Newton's
cradle is not a closed system. When5th ball swings out away from the rest of the balls, it is affected by the force of gravity, which
brings the ball down.
But, the horizontal line of balls at rest, functions as a closed system, free from any influence of any force other than gravity. It's
here, during the small time between the first ball's impact and the 5th ball swinging out, that momentum is conserved.

TE
(i) (a) Both Law of conservation of energy and Law of conservation of momentum and friction
Explanation: This device illustrates the three main principles of Physics-conservation of energy, conservation of
momentum and friction.
(ii) (a) that the balls can only swing in one plane, parallel to the crossbars

TU
Explanation: that the balls can only swing in one plane, parallel to the crossbars
(iii) (c) the 1st ball strikes the 2nd ball in the cradle, which remains motionless. But the last ball on the opposite end of the
row is thrown into the air, then swings back to strike the other balls, starting the chain reaction again in reverse
Explanation: When a ball on one end of the cradle is pulled away from the others and then released, it strikes the
TI
next ball in the cradle, which remains motionless. But the last ball on the opposite end of the row is thrown into the
air, then swings back to strike the other balls, starting the chain reaction again in reverse.
NS
OR
(a) During the small time between the first ball's impact and the 5th ball swinging out, that momentum is conserved.
Explanation: Law of conservation only works in a closed system. But the Newton's cradle is not a closed system
throughout its operation. When 5th ball swings out away from the rest of the balls, it is affected by the force of
II

gravity, which brings the ball down.

But, the horizontal line of balls at rest, functions as a closed system, free from any influence of any force other than
gravity. It's here, during the small time between the first ball's impact and the 5th ball swinging out, that momentum is
KK

conserved.
(iv) (b) System which is free from any external force
Explanation: The law of conservation only works in a system, which is free from any external force.
Such a system is called closed system. The Newton's cradle is not a closed system throughout its operation.
DI

30. Read the text carefully and answer the questions:

A refrigerator works isothermally. A set of changes take place in the mechanism of a refrigerator but the temperature inside
remains constant. Here, the heat energy is removed and transmitted to the surrounding environment.
while An adiabatic process is a process in which the system does not exchange heat with its surroundings.

(i) (a) infinite

Explanation: infinite

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 (ii) (b) 5/3
Explanation: 5/3
(iii) (d) change in temperature
Explanation: change in temperature
(iv) (b) no
Explanation: no
OR
(a) temperature
Explanation: temperature
Section E
31. i. Harmonic oscillator: A particle executing simple harmonic motion is called harmonic oscillator.
ii. Displacement: The distance of the oscillating particle from its mean position at any instant is called its displacement. It is
denoted by x.
There can be other kind of displacement variables. These can be voltage variations in time across a capacitor in an a.c. circuit,

TE
pressure variations in time in the propagation of a sound wave, the changing electric and magnetic fields in the propagation of
a light wave, etc.
iii. Amplitude: The maximum displacement of the oscillating particle on either side of its mean position is called its amplitude. It
is denoted by A. Thus x = ±A
max

TU
iv. Oscillation or cycle: One complete back-and-forth motion of a particle starting and ending at the same point is called a cycle
or oscillation or vibration.
v. Time period: The time taken by a particle to complete one oscillation is called its time period. Or, it is the smallest time
interval after which the oscillatory motion repeats. It is denoted by T.
TI
vi. Frequency: It is defined as the number of oscillations completed per unit time by a particle. It is denoted by ν (nu). Frequency
is equal to the reciprocal of the time period. That is,
1
v =
NS
T

Clearly, the unit of frequency is (second)-1 or s-1. It is also expressed as cycles per second (cps) or hertz (Hz). SI unit of
frequency = s-1 = cps = Hz
vii. Angular frequency: It is the quantity obtained by multiplying frequency v by a factor of 2 π . It is denoted by ω .
II

2π
Thus, ω = 2πv = T

SI unit of angular frequency = rad s-1.

viii. Phase: The phase of a vibrating particle at any instant gives the state of the particle as regards its position and the direction of
KK

motion at that instant. It is equal to the argument of sine or cosine function occurring in the displacement equation of the
S.H.M. Suppose a simple harmonic equation is represented by
x = A cos(ωt + ϕ0 )

Then phase of the particle is: ϕ = ωt + ϕ 0

DI

Clearly, the phase ϕ is a function of time t. It is usually expressed either as the fraction of the time period T or fraction of
angle 2 π that has elapsed since the vibrating particle last passed its mean position in the positive direction.
π 3π
ϕ = ωt + ϕ0 0 2
π
2
2π

x = A cos(ωt + ϕ0 ) +A 0 -A 0 +A
Thus the phase ϕ gives an idea about the position and the direction of motion of the oscillating particle.
ix. Initial phase or epoch: The phase of a vibrating particle corresponding to time t = 0 is called the initial phase or epoch.
At t = 0, ϕ = ϕ 0

The constant ϕ is called the initial phase or epoch. It tells about the initial state of motion of the vibrating particle.
0

OR
Mass of the automobile is given by, m = 3000 kg
Displacement in the suspension system is given by, x = 15 cm = 0.15 m
There are 4 springs in parallel to the support of the mass of the automobile.
The equation for the restoring force for the system is given by:
F = -4kx = mg
Where, k is the spring constant of the suspension system

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 −−
m
Time period, T = 2π√
4k

mg
And k = 4x
=
3000×10

4×0.15
= 5000 = 5 × 10 N /m
4

Spring constant, k = 5 × 10 4
N /m

3000
a. Each wheel supports a mass is given by , M = 7
= 750 kg
For damping factor b, the equation for displacement is written as:
−bt/2M
x = xo e

The amplitude of oscillation decreases by 50%.

x0
∴ x =
2
x0
−bt/2M
= x0 e
2
bt
loge 2 =
2M
2M loge 2
∴ b =
t

Where,
−− −−−−−−
m 3000
Time period is given by , t = 2π√ 4k
= 2π√
4
= 0.7691 s
4×5×10

2×750×0.693
∴ b =

TE
0.7691

= 1351.58 kg/s
Therefore, the damping constant of the spring is given by 1351.58 kg/s.
32. Let us divide the question into three parts:

TU
1. The car starts from rest and accelerates to attain a velocity of 20 ms–1 in time 10 s.
2. The car moves at a constant velocity.
3. Car decelerates and comes to rest after covering 40 m.
Assume that x1, x2 and x3 are the distances covered in three parts of the motion.
TI
For First part of the motion, it is given that
u = 0, t = 10 s, v = 20 m/s
From the equation of motion we have, v = u + at
NS

∴ 20 = 0 + a × 10

a = 2 m/s2
Hence, acceleration = 2 m/s2
II

Also we know that, distance, x1 = ut + 1

2
at2
1 2
= 0 × 10 + × 2 × (10)
2

= 100 m
KK

For second part, we have

x1 = 100 m, x3 = 40 m
Since x1 + x2 + x3 = 640
100 + x2 + x3 = 640
DI

or x2 = 500 m
This distance is covered with a uniform speed of 20 m/s.
Therefore, time taken = = 25 s 500

20

For third part of the motion, we have

u = 20 m/s, v = 0, x = x3 = 40 m

As we know that, v2 - u2 = 2ax

2 2
∴ (0) − (20) = 2 × a × 40

or, a = − 400

80
= −5m/s
2

Hence, Retardation = 5 m/s2

v−u 0−20
Time taken, t = a
=
−5
=4s
Total time taken = 10 + 25 + 4 = 39 s
OR
Let us divide the time interval of motion of an object under free fall into many equal intervals x and find out the distances
traversed during successive intervals of time. Since u = 0, then y = − g t 1

2
2

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 To calculate the position of the object after different time intervals 0, τ , 2τ , 3τ , . . . which are given in the second column of the
table shown below.
y in Terms of Distance Traversed Ratio of
t y
y0 = (-1/2)g τ 2
in Successive Intervals Distance Traversed

0 0 0

τ (− ) g τ
1 2
y0 y0 1
2

2τ -4( ) g τ
1 2
4 y0 3 y0 3
2

3τ -9( ) g τ
1 2
9 y0 5 y0 5
2

4τ -16( ) g τ
1 2
16 y0 7 y0 7
2

5τ -25( ) g τ
1 2
25 y0 9 y0 9
2

6τ -36( ) g τ
1 2
36 y0 11 y0 11

TE
2

The third column gives the position in the unit of y0.

The fourth column shows the distances traversed in successive τ s At last, the fifth column find the distances are in simple ratio 1 :
3 : 5 : 7. Hence proved

TU
2
33. a. The moment of inertia (M.I.) of a sphere about its diameter is given by = 5
2
MR

TI
Given,
NS

Moment of inertia of the sphere about its diameter is given by = ( )mR²

2

Use, parallel axis theorem ,

Moment of inertia of the sphere about tangent is given by = I + mR²
= ( )mR² + mR²
II

= (7/5)mR²
b. Moment of inertia of disc of mass m and radius R about any of its diameter is = mR²/4
KK

Moment of inertia about diameter is given by = Ix = Iy= ( )mR²

1

Using , perpendicular axis theorem,

Iz = Ix + Iy
Where Iz is moment of inertia about perpendicular axis of plane of disc. Hence,
DI

Iz = ( )mR² + ( )mR²
1

4
1

= ( )mR²
1

Moment of inertia of disc about passing through a point of its edge is given by;
Use , parallel axis theorem, we get
I = Iz + mR²
1
= ( ) mR² + mR²
2

= ( )mR²
3

OR

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Consider a small element of the liquid of length dx at a distance x from one end.

Mass of the small element = M

L
dx

Centripetal force associated with the element

M 2 2
dF = ( dx) xω [∵ F = mrω ]
L

Force exerted by the liquid = Total centripetal force at the other end
2 L
L
F=∫ dF = ∫
0
M

L
2
ω xdx =
M

L
2
ω [
x

2
]
0
2
M 2 L 1 2
= ω = Mω L
L 2 2

TE
TU
TI
NS
II
KK
DI

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