PHYSIOLOGY OF THE URINARY

SYSTEM
Prof dr Ketut Tirtayasa,MS,AIF
Dept Fisiologi Fakultas Kedokteran
Universitas Udayana
URINE FORMATION and
URINE MICTURITION
 Some Functions of kidneys
1. Excretion of metabolic waste products and
foreign chemicals
2. Regulation of water and electrolyte balances
3. Regulation of acid-base balance
Kidneys and Urinary system
Autoregulation of GFR and
Renal Blood Flow

• Tubuloglomerular feedback
• Myogenic Autoregulation
Proximal Tubule
Loop Henle
Early Distal Tubule
Late Distal Tubule
Medullary Collecting Duct
Urine
Micturition
 THE MICTURITION REFLEX

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 Voiding Urine - Micturition
• Micturition reflex
1) 200 ml urine in bladder, stretch receptors send
signal to spinal cord (S2, S3)
2) parasympathetic reflex arc from spinal cord,
stimulates contraction of detrusor muscle
3) relaxation of internal urethral sphincter
4) this reflex predominates in infants
 Voluntary Control of Micturition
5) micturition center in pons receives stretch signals
and integrates cortical input (voluntary control)
6) sends signal for stimulation of detrussor and
relaxes internal urethral sphincter
7) to delay urination impulses sent through
pudendal nerve to external urethral sphincter
keep it contracted until you wish to urinate
8) valsalva maneuver
– aids in expulsion of urine by  pressure on bladder
– can also activate micturition reflex voluntarily
The kidneys as Water Electrolytes
and acid-base balance controller
Formation of dilute urine
FORMATION OF CONCENTRATED
URINE
REGULATION OF
ACID-BASE BALANCE
 HOMEOSTASIS DEPEND ON BUFFER SYSTEM,
LUNG AND KIDNEYS

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 Reaksi Kimia dalam Tubuh

H2CO3

H+ + HCO3- H2O + CO2

ginjal ginjal
paru
Suksma