2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)

PV Based Design of Improved Positive Output

Super-Lift Luo Converter
Archana Nath. S,
PG Student,
St.Joseph’s College of Engineering,
Chennai-119,India.
archananath926@gmail.com

Jayarama Pradeep,
Associate Professor, Dept of EEE,
St.Joseph’s College of Engineering,
Chennai-119,India.
jaya_7pradeep@yahoo.co.in

Abstract: The growing demand has lead to increased
use of renewable energy resources. Among all renewable
energy resources ,the photovoltaic(PV)power generation
acts as a green source. This paper proposes the
implementation of Improved Positive Output Super-Lift
Luo converter (IPOSLC) with the solar panel. IPOSLC
is a type of DC-DC converter in which the positive
output voltage increases in geometric progression.In
Positive Output Super-lift Luo Converter, the output is
increased three times the input. But in Improved
Positive Output Super-Lift Luo converter, the output is
increased six times of the input which is specified by
adding an inductor and diode. To track the maximum
power from the PV cell, P&O method is employed. In
this method, the duty cycle is calculated with the sensing
of the panel voltage and current and the corresponding
power values of it. This system is modelled and
simulated using MATLAB/Simulink and validated with
the theoretical calculations.
KEY WORDS: POSLC,IPOSLC,MPPT,VL,PV
1 INTRODUCTION
Due to growing population and
increasing modernization, global energy demand is
projected to more than double. However, incremental
improvements in existing energy networks will be
inadequate to meet this growing energy demand.The
exploitation of fossil fuel is reduced greatly due to
ever growing concerns over the impact of burning
carbon fuels.
The fossil fuel emission has serious and
growing negative environmental impacts such as
emissions, global warming, deforestation.
Additionally, the fossil fuel reserves are not infinite or
renewable and the supply is limited. Thus the future
293
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.00©2016 IEEE
will be depending on technologies with renewable
sources. Thus recent research and technologies are
more motivated towards the naturally occurring
Renewable Energy(RES) which offer practical, clean
and viable solution to meet our global energy
challenges. Renewable energy is the energy which
comes from natural resources such as sunlight, wind.
These resources can be replenished naturally and they
are abundant in nature. The major factor working
against the fossil fuel is the pollution. Contrastingly,
renewable energy resources are known to produce
energy without harmful effects of pollution unlike
their conventional counterparts.
The output characteristics of PV module
depends on insolation,the cell temperature and output
voltage of PV module.Due to nonlinear
characteristics of PV module,it is necessary to model
it for the design and simulation of maximum power
point tracking(MPPT)for PV system applications
For implementing the MPPT, there is a need
to include the dc-dc converter[1] into the
system.There are different converter topologies are
available;among this luo converter is selected in this
project.The Improved Positive Output Super-Lift Luo
converter is used as an interface between the panel
and the load. From the elementary Positive Output
Super-Lift Luo converter[2]-[3], the improved circuit
is developed which increases the output value six
times of input value.
2 PHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM
Photovoltaic system is a system which uses
one or more solar panels to convert solar energy into

Authorized licensed use limited to: College of Engineering - THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. Downloaded on February 01,2024 at 11:51:26 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)

electrical energy. Solar cells are the main components
of photovoltaic panels. A number of solar cells or PV
cells connected in series and parallel forms the PV
module. Similarly a number of PV modules connected
together forms a PV array. The solar cells are
connected in series and parallel depending on the
requirement of the voltage and the current
respectively. Connecting the solar cells in series
improves the voltage whereas connecting the cells in
parallel improves the current rating of the panel.[4]
Its current voltage characteristic is expressed
by the following equation
= (1)
• Incremental Conductance method
• Fractional short circuit current method
• Fractional open circuit voltage method
• Neural Networks
• Fuzzy Logic
• Particle Swarm Optimization
Among these techniques,the P&O and the
Incremental Conductance algorithms are the most
common.These techniques have the advantage of an
easy implementation.P&O method is used in this
project.[5]-[8]

= – {exp [ q ] – 1} (2)

Voc = ln [ + 1] (3)

= (4)

2.1 OPERATING PRINCIPLE

The ability of some semiconductors to

convert electromagnetic radiation directly into
electrical current.The photoelectric effect is the
observation that metals emit electrons when light
shines upon them.The emitted electrons can thus be
Fi
called as photoelectrons.
figure. 1. Flowchart of P&O algorithm
3 MAXIMUM POWER POINT TRACKING
4 IMPROVED POSITIVE OUTPUT SUPER-
MPPT algorithms are necessary in PV LIFT LUO CONVERTER
applications to improve the efficiency of the system.
Luo converters were developed from the
MPPT is a technique that grid connected
prototype using Voltage Lift(VL) technique.These
inverters,solar battery chargers and similar devices
converters perform DC-DC voltage increasing
use to get the maximum possible power from one or
conversion with high power density,high
more photovoltaic devices,typically solar panels.It is
efficiency,and cheap topology in simple
the purpose of the MPPT system to sample the output
structure.They are different from any other DC-DC
of the cells and apply the proper resistance(load) to
step-up converters and possess many advantages
obtain maximum power for any given environmental
including a high output voltage with small
conditions.MPPT devices are typically integrated into
ripples.Therefore these converters are widely used in
an electric power converter system that provides
computer peripheral equipment and industrial
voltage or current conversion,filtering,and regulation
applications,especially for high output voltage
for driving various loads,including power
projects.This project introduces Improved Positive
grids,batteries,or motors.
Output Super-Lift Luo Converter that implements the
When there is change in the load and output voltage increasing in stage by stage along the
environmental conditions such as temperature and geometric progression.With theVoltage Lift(VL)
insolation,the internal impedance of the panel varies technique, the converter overcomes the effect of
thus leading to variation in the output power. parasitic components that are present in the circuit
that limits the output voltage.In this paper,the
3.1 TYPES OF MPPT TECHNIQUES Improved Positive Output Super-Lift Luo
converter(IPOSLC) incorporating the Super-Lift
There are various MPPT techniques to track the technique is introduced.
maximum power such as follows.
Although the Voltage Lift technique has
• Perturb and Observe(P&O) method been implemented successfully, they are able to

294
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.00©2016 IEEE

Authorized licensed use limited to: College of Engineering - THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. Downloaded on February 01,2024 at 11:51:26 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)

increase the output voltage only in arithmetic . Thus the energy stored in the capacitor during
progression.Inorder to increase the efficiency further the previous cycle is transferred to the load.
Super-Lift technique is implemented which increases
the output voltage in geometric progression.In this
converter the main difference between the
conventional circuit and IPOSLC is the presence of
additional inductor and diode.The circuit diagram of
Positive Output Super-Lift Luo converter is given
below.[9]-[10]

Fi
gure. 4. Equivalent circuit of IPOSLC in mode 1

Vin = L1 =
= Vin
For Inductor current = = (5)
Fi = Vo
gure. 2. Circiut diagram of POSLC
= Io = (6)
The circuit consists of a Mosfet switch S, Inductor
4.1.2 MODE 2- Switch S OFF
,Diodes D1, D2, Capacitors , and load
resistance R.The circuit diagram of IPOSLC is In this mode, the switch ‘S’ is turned off
givenbelow. during the period ΔT to T. In this mode when the
switch is open the energy that is stored in the inductor
and the capacitor discharges across inductor
and the nodal points of the capacitor thus boosting
the output voltage. The load current is supplied by the
inductor.

Fi
gure. 3. Circiut diagram of Proposed IPOSLC

The circuit consists of a Mosfet switch S, Inductor

, Diodes D1, D2, D3, Capacitors , and load
resistance R.
Figure. 5. Equivalent circuit of IPOSLC in mode 2
4.1 MODES OF OPERATION
=[ ](1-k)T (7)
4.1.1 MODE 1-Switch S ON
=[ ](1-k)T
In this mode, the switch ‘S’ is turned ON
during the period 0 to ΔT. When the switch is closed, Equating (5) &(7)
the source voltage causes the current to flow through V o= (8)
the inductor and capacitor . Since capacitor
has zero impedance to current, the capacitor
Where n=1(elementary circuit)
charges faster than inductor thus forward biasing the
diode D1. Voltage transfer gain G1 = (9)
Thus charge gets stored in inductor and
Capacitor . Also during this period the load current During steady state, the current through C2on time
is maintained constant by the discharging capacitor capacitor current equals C2off time capacitor current.
kT = (1-k) T (10)

295
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.00©2016 IEEE

Authorized licensed use limited to: College of Engineering - THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. Downloaded on February 01,2024 at 11:51:26 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)

For Ic1,
=[ ]
=[ ] Io (11)
From Mode II, By nodal equation,
= + Io

= (12)
Variation ratio of inductor current , is (6) Variation ratio of Inductor current

ε= [ (13)

The ripple Voltage of the Output Voltage is ΔVo

Figure. 6. Implementation of IPOSLC with MPPT and
ΔVo = (14) PV Panel

Variation ratio of Output voltage Vo is ε = (15)

The specifications of the parameters used in
the circuit are as follows

TABLE I

CIRCUIT PARAMETERS

Parameter’s name Symbol Value

Input voltage Vin 12 V
Output voltage Vo 68.57V
Inductors L1,L2 0.02mH,0.02mH
Capacitors C1,C2 30µF,10µF
Nominal Switching Fs 50KHz Figure. 7. Simulation block of solar panel
Frequency
Load Resistance R 100Ω
Duty Cycle K 0.65
4.2 ADVANTAGES OF IPOSLC

• High output voltage with small ripples

• Cheap topology in Simple Structure
5.SIMULATION RESULTS
Figure. 8. Solar Module Subsystem
5.1MATLAB DIAGRAM OF MPPT BASED PV
SYSTEM WITH IPOSLC CONVERTER

Fi
gure. 9. P-V Characteristics of PV panel for 1000
W/sqm

The input voltage of converter is 12V,w

296
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.00©2016 IEEE

Authorized licensed use limited to: College of Engineering - THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. Downloaded on February 01,2024 at 11:51:26 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.
 2016 Second International Conference On Science Technology Engineering and Management(ICONSTEM)

20
Voltage(V)
10 REFERENCES

0 [1] Fang Lin Luo, Hong Ye, “Advanced DC-DC

0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Time(s) converters”, CRC Press.
Figure. 10. Input voltage of Converter
[2] Fang Lin Luo,Senior Member,IEEE,and Hong
20 Yo,Member,IEEE,”Positive Output Super-Lift Luo
Converters”, IEEE Transactions on Power
Voltage(V)

10 Electronics,vol.18,No.1,January 2003.

0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Time(s)
Figure. 11. Voltage across Capacitor C1

80 [3] Dr. Fang Lin Luo,Senior Member,IEEE,”Analysis

of Super-Lift Luo-Converters with Capacitor Voltage
Voltae(V)

60
40 drop.
20
0
[4] S. Sheik Mohammed, “Modeling and Simulation
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 of Photovoltaic Module using MATLAB/Simulink,”
Time(s)
International Journal of Chemical and Environmental
Figure. 12. Voltage across Capacitor C2
Engineering, Volume 2, No.5, October 2011.
80
[5] Bidyadhar Subudhi, and Raseswari Pradhan, “A
Voltage(V)

60
40 Comparative Study on Maximum Power Point
20 Tracking Techniques for Photovoltaic Power
0 Systems,” IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,
0 0.1 0.2
Time(s)
0.3 0.4 0.5 vol. 4, no. 1, January 2013.

Figure. 13. Output Voltage of Converter [6] Indu V. R, V. Chamundeeswari, “Design and
Implementation of Maximum Power Point Tracking
80 for Super Lift Converter”, International Journal for
Research and Development in Engineering (IJRDE),
Voltage(V)

60
40 ISSN: 2279-0500 Special Issue: pp- 012-016.
20
0 [7] M.S.Sivagamasundari, Dr.P.Melba Mary,
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
Time(s) V.K.Velvizhi, “Maximum Power Point Tracking for
Figure. 14. Output Voltage of IPOSLC with PV PV System by Perturb and Observe Method Using
Buck Boost Converter,” International Journal of
Advanced Research in Electrical, Electronics and
80
Instrumentation Engineering,Vol.2,Issue 6,June 2013.
Voltage(V)

60
40
20 [8] Ajay Patel,Vikas Kumar,Yogendra Kumar,
0
0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5
”Perturb and Observe Maximum Power Point
Time(s) Tracking for Photovoltaic Cell”,Innovative Systems
Figure. 15. Output of IPOSLC with PV and MPPT Design and Engineering,vol.4,No.6,2013.

[9] Yefim Berkovich,Boris Axelrod,Rotem Madar,

Avraham Twina,”Improved Luo converter
CONCLUSION modifications with increasing voltage ratio”,published
in IET Power Electronics 2014.
To track maximum power from PV panel, a technique
named Perturb and Observe MPPT was chosen and [10] Y.Jiao, F.L.Luo, M.Zhu, “Voltage-lift-type
implemented for PV based Positive Output Super-Lift switched-inductor cells for enhancing DC-DC boost
Luo converter in this paper. The model using
ability:principles and integrations in Luo
MATLAB was developed for P&O based MPPT with converter”,Published in IET Power Electronics,2010.
Improved Positive Output Super-lift Luo Converter
(IPOSLC) which gives the output voltage as six times
of input and are verified with the theoretical results.
297
978-1-5090-1706-5/16/$31.00©2016 IEEE

Authorized licensed use limited to: College of Engineering - THIRUVANANTHAPURAM. Downloaded on February 01,2024 at 11:51:26 UTC from IEEE Xplore. Restrictions apply.