LIAN INSTITUTE

Lian, Batangas
SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT
CONTEMPORARY ART FORMS AND PRACTICES FROM THE REGIONS

Quarter 3 -Week 5 and 6

Lesson 3: Visual Arts, Literature and Music

Module Overview

This lesson provides information about contemporary art forms and famous artists and their
artworks. It aims to provide students with an appreciation of a broad range of styles in the various
disciplines with consideration on their elements and principles, and engage them to an integrative
approach in studying arts. Through this subject, students will broaden and acquire the necessary
creative tools that open opportunities in pursuing their individual career goals and aspirations.

Take time to Read!

Arts in the Philippines refer to the various forms of the arts that have developed and accumulated
in
the Philippines from the beginning of civilization in the country up to the present era. They reflect the range of
artistic influences on the country's culture, including indigenous forms of the arts, and how these influences
have honed the country's arts. These arts are divided into two distinct branches, namely, traditional arts and
non- traditional arts. Each branch is further divided into various categories with subcategories.
The National Commission for Culture and the Arts, the official cultural agency of the government of the
Philippines, has categorized Filipino arts into traditional and non-traditional. Each category is split into various
arts, which in turn have sub-categories of their own.

(A) Traditional arts

o Folk architecture – including, but not limited to, stilt houses, land houses, and aerial houses
o Maritime transport – boat houses, boat-making, and maritime traditions
o Weaving – including, but not limited to, basket weaving, back-strap loom weaving,
headgear weaving, fishnet weaving, and other forms of weaving
o Carving – including, but not limited to, woodcarving and folk non-clay sculpture
o Folk performing arts – including, but not limited to, dances, plays, and dramas
o Folk (oral) literature – including, but not limited to, epics, songs, and myths
o Folk graphic and plastic arts – including, but not limited to, calligraphy, tattooing, folk
writing, folk drawing, and folk painting
o Ornament, textile, or fiber art – hat-making, mask-making, accessory-making,
ornamental metal crafts
o Pottery – including, but not limited to, ceramic making, clay pot-making, and folk clay
sculpture
o Other artistic expressions of traditional culture – including, but not limited to,
non-ornamental metal crafts, martial arts, supernatural healing arts, medicinal arts, and
constellation traditions.

(B) Non-traditional arts

o Dance – including, but not limited to, dance choreography, dance direction, and
dance performance
 o Music – including, but not limited to, musical composition, musical direction, and
musical performance
o Theater – including, but not limited to, theatrical direction, theatrical performance,
theatrical production design, theatrical light and sound design, and theatrical playwriting
o Visual arts – including, but not limited to painting, non-folk sculpture, printmaking,
photography, installation art, mixed media works, illustration, graphic arts,
performance art, and imaging
o Literature – including, but not limited to, poetry, fiction, essay, and literary/art criticism
o Film and broadcast arts – including, but not limited to, film and broadcast direction,
film and broadcast writing, film and broadcast production design, film and broadcast
cinematography, film and broadcast editing, film and broadcast animation, film and
broadcast performance, and film and broadcast new media
o Architecture and allied arts – including, but not limited to, non-folk architecture,
interior design, landscape architecture, and urban design
o Design – including, but not limited to, industrial design, and fashion design

1. VISUAL ARTS The visual arts are art forms such as ceramics, drawing, painting, sculpture,
printmaking, design, crafts, photography, video, filmmaking, and architecture.

 HERNANDO OCAMPO V One of the thirteen Moderns, who paved way to art modernism in the Philippines. His
works were more radical and more poetic showing the kind of society there was after World War II. He
developed a new style of abstraction through his use of fierce and striking colors. He proved that abstract and
non- traditional style of painting can also result to nationalistic art.
Major artworks: Genesis, Calvary, Slum Dwell, Nude with Cradle, The Resurrection.

 VICENTE MANANSALA V He was a cubist painter who painted with a wide range of subject matters from the
happy and bountiful rural to poverty-stricken urban set ups. He contributed in modernism of Philippine visual
arts by his style of transparent cubism. Unlike the usual Paris Cubism, his style of cubism does not fragmentize
human figures. He reorganized human forms in transparent planes instead. Mother and Child
Major artworks: A Cluster Nipa Hut, Nude, Via Crucis, Market Vendor

 FERNANDO AMORSOLO Amorsolo’s painting. His trademark was the backlighting technique which
makes the subjects of his painting seems to glow. Also, his work of art was also notable for reflecting
the artistic and cultural heritage of the Philippines.
FERNANDO AMORSOLO V Significant works: Planting Rice, Dalagang Bukid, The Mestiza, Maiden in a
Stream
2. Music
Musical composition, musical direction, and musical performance are the core of the art of music under the
non-traditional category. The basis of Filipino music is the vast musical tangible and intangible heritage of the
many ethnic groups in the archipelago, where some of which have been influenced by other Asian and
Western cultures, notably Hispanic and American music. Philippine folk music includes the chanting of epic
poetry, such as the Darangen and Hudhud ni Aliguyon, and singing of folk music traditions through various
means such as the Harana. Some Filipino music genre include Manila sound which brought hopeful themes
amidst the decaying status of the country during the martial law years, Pinoy reggae which focuses on
dancehall music faithful to the expressions of Jamaican reggae, Pinoy rock which encompasses rock music
with Filipino cultural sensibilities, Pinoy pop which is one of the most popular genre in the country, Tagonggo
which is music traditionally played by finely-dressed male musicians, Kapanirong which is a serenade genre
Kulintang which is a genre of an entire ensemble of musicians utilizing a diverse array of traditional
musical instruments, Kundiman which is a traditional genre of Filipino love music, Bisrock which is a genre of
Sebwano rock music, and Pinoy hip hop which is genre of hip hop adopted from American hip hop music.

Rock band Choir music Depiction of harana

music
3.Literature
Poetry, fiction, essay, and literary/art criticism are the focal arts of literature under the non-traditional
arts, which are usually based on or influenced by the traditional art of folk (oral) literature of the natives,
which focuses greatly on works of art from epics, ethnic mythologies, and related stories and traditions. In
some
cultures, calligraphy on various mediums was utilized to create literary works. An example is the ambahan of
the Hanunoo Mangyan. Literature under the colonial regime focused greatly on Spanish-language works under
Spanish occupation, then adjusting to the English-language under American occupation. From 1593-1800,
majority of literary arts made in the Philippines were Spanish-language religious works, with a noble book
being Doctrina Christiana (1593) and a Tagalog rendition of the Pasyon (1704). There are also works in the
colonial eras that are written in native languages, mostly religious and government scripts for the propagation
of colonialism. Nevertheless, Filipino literary works without colonial propaganda were made by local authors as
well. At the same time, certain folk (oral) literature were inputted into manuscripts by Filipino writers such as
the 17th century manuscript of the ancient Ilocano epic Biag ni Lam-ang. In 1869, the epic Florante at
Laura was published, inputting fiction writing with Asian and European themes. In 1878or 1894, the first
modern play in any Philippine language, Ang Babai nga Huaran, was written in Hiligaynon. By the 19th
century, the formative years of Spanish literature in the country moved forward into what became the
nationalist stage of 1883-1903. During this era, the first novel written by a Filipino, Nínay, was published.
Works of literary art critical of colonial rulers became known as well, such as the 1887 Noli Me Tángere and
the 1891 El filibusterismo. The first novel in Sebwano, Maming, was published in 1900. The so-called golden
age of Spanish-language literature in the Philippines began in 1903 to 1966, despite American occupation.
During this era, works in native languages and in English started to boom as well. The go-to book of the
working class, Banaag at Sikat, was published in 1906, where the literary work dives into the concepts of
socialism, capitalism, and the united laborers. The first Filipino book written in English, The Child of Sorrow,
was published in 1921. The early writing in English are characterized by melodrama, unreal language, and
unsubtle emphasis on local color. The literary content later imbibed themes that express the search for Filipino
identity, reconciling the centuries-old Spanish and American influence to the Philippines' archipelagic Asian
heritage. From 1966-1967, fragments of Sa mga Kuko ng Liwanag were published, and later in 1986, the
fragments were inputted into a novel. During the martial law era, prominent literary works tackling the evident
human rights violations of those in power were published, such as Dekada '70 (1983) and Luha ng Buwaya
(1983). Filipino literature in the 21st century dives into historical narratives in modernity, global outlooks, and
concepts of equality and nationalism. Major works include Smaller and Smaller Circles (2002), Ladlad
(2007), Ilustrado (2008), and Insurrecto (2018).
ACTIVITY 1
1. What are the Philippine Contemporary Art Forms? Define each.

1. Who are the artists who became popular and known for their field of art (e.g. Visual Arts,
Literature, and Music) in the Philippines?

2. What are example of Visual Arts, Literature and Music?

3. How can you explain the practices and initiatives of each region in preserving and
promoting contemporary arts? Give examples.

SELF CHECK
Direction: Write the correct answer in the space provided before the number.
1. He is the one who introduced modern visual art in the country through his exhibition.
2. It is the kind of art which depicts the life after the war, and economic problems.
3. Another term for Filipino Pop Music.
__________4. It is a kind of poetry which uses colloquial language and built on concrete images which
tend to describe experiences.
__________5. It refers to the style in a painting showing minute details of subjects highlighting their
texture and color.