ll students have to right to write about following with academic references.

At
least five references post year 2000 must be there. (Write DOI, number of
citations of the work and impact factor of journal in bracket after reference)
1. Description of the trait: Meaning of High/ average/ low levels References
for the description
Ans: Punctuality as a facet can be considered to be a part of the
conscientiousness trait. Conscientiousness individuals tend organize their
time, work in a disciplined manner and strive for accuracy and perfection in
their tasks.
a. Thus individuals high on punctuality tend to be organized and disciplined
towards their appointments. They consider the impact of external
factors e.g delayed bus and may reach before time to avoid lateness.
High punctuality is also related to higher performance in workplace.
Further, these individuals may also be traditional or conventional in
their behavior. Tardiness, that is being low on punctuality, is associated
with low academic performance as well as low employee performance.
Low punctuality individuals may also be low In time urgency – the need
to finish tasks early.
Ref:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/
S0092656605001017
https://ijrsm.com/index.php/journal-ijrsm/article/view/342
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/
10.1080/09243453.2012.728135?src=recsys
https://www.proquest.com/openview/
2d1c78f4da680c253015cbb5b150641e/1?pq-
origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750
https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/00224540209603932
References
Miriam Dishon-berkovits, M. K. (2002). Determinants of Employee Punctuality. The Journal of Social
Psychology, 142(6), 723-739. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00224540209603932

Naman Sharma, V. K. (2014). Demographic Differences, Causes and Impact of Workplace Production
Deviance on Organizations: An Empirical Study on Non-Punctuality of Employees in Service
Cluster. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2380000

Perveen Shagufta, K. F. (2013). Punctuality in relation to job satisfaction among secondary school
teachers. Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(10), 221-233.
doi:https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?
target=ijor:ajrssh&volume=3&issue=10&article=016

Thierry, D. A. (2018). PUNCTUALITY, ATTENDANCE POLICY AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE.

nternational Journal of Research Science and Management, 5(8), 20-39. Retrieved from
https://ijrsm.com/index.php/journal-ijrsm/article/view/342

(citations, impact factor)

2. Applications for Career/ Education Achievement (for High/ average/ low

levels of trait) References for the application
In terms of education achievement, punctuality can act as a mediator. Being late
to class and late in turning in assignments can hamper a student’s performance,
while being punctual can help to ease academic load and lead to better
performance.
It is seen that Individuals high in punctuality tend to have higher academic
achievement, while those who are tardy perform worse. The latter may miss
taught material and have problems in understanding the missed content,
subsequently leading to poor performance in academics. Employed students who
are punctual at school are also punctual at their work, while tardy individuals
show the exact opposite trend

References
Miriam Dishon-berkovits, M. K. (2002). Determinants of Employee Punctuality. The Journal of Social
Psychology, 142(6), 723-739. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00224540209603932

Naman Sharma, V. K. (2014). Demographic Differences, Causes and Impact of Workplace Production
Deviance on Organizations: An Empirical Study on Non-Punctuality of Employees in Service
Cluster. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2380000

Perveen Shagufta, K. F. (2013). Punctuality in relation to job satisfaction among secondary school
teachers. Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(10), 221-233.
doi:https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?
target=ijor:ajrssh&volume=3&issue=10&article=016

Thierry, D. A. (2018). PUNCTUALITY, ATTENDANCE POLICY AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE.

nternational Journal of Research Science and Management, 5(8), 20-39. Retrieved from
https://ijrsm.com/index.php/journal-ijrsm/article/view/342

https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2017-03286-012
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09243453.2012.728135

https://www.saga.cornell.edu/saga/educconf/etsey.pdf

https://www.sfjesgs.com/index.php/SFJESGS/article/view/433

https://minds.wisconsin.edu/bitstream/handle/1793/41507/2004weadeb.pdf?sequence=1

3. Applications for Occupational functioning/ Job Adjustment / Job

satisfaction(for High/ average/ low levels of trait) References for the
application
Punctual individuals tend to have higher organizational commitment, better
organizational performance and experience higher job satisfaction levels. On the
other hand individuals low on punctuality tend to show low organizational
performance and experience lower job satisfaction. Tardiness is also related to
having lower interest in one’s job.

References
Miriam Dishon-berkovits, M. K. (2002). Determinants of Employee Punctuality. The Journal of Social
Psychology, 142(6), 723-739. doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/00224540209603932

Naman Sharma, V. K. (2014). Demographic Differences, Causes and Impact of Workplace Production
Deviance on Organizations: An Empirical Study on Non-Punctuality of Employees in Service
Cluster. doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2380000 (3 citations, impact factor

Perveen Shagufta, K. F. (2013). Punctuality in relation to job satisfaction among secondary school
teachers. Asian Journal of Research in Social Sciences and Humanities, 3(10), 221-233.
doi:https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?
target=ijor:ajrssh&volume=3&issue=10&article=016

Thierry, D. A. (2018). PUNCTUALITY, ATTENDANCE POLICY AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE.

nternational Journal of Research Science and Management, 5(8), 20-39. Retrieved from
https://ijrsm.com/index.php/journal-ijrsm/article/view/342

https://www.indianjournals.com/ijor.aspx?
target=ijor:ajrssh&volume=3&issue=10&article=016
https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2380000
https://sci-hub.se/10.1080/00224540209603932
https://ijrsm.com/index.php/journal-ijrsm/article/view/342

4. Applications for Mental and Physical Health (for High/ average/ low levels
of trait) References for the application

Being tardy can lead to often procrastinating in important tasks and this can
in-turn impact one’s mental health. Such tardy attitude has been related to
poorer physical and mental health, delay in seeking treatment, high stress
 as well as an indirect effect on poor sleep. Further, procrastination is also
related to poorly controlled internet usage as well as higher academic
stress, which can again have an indirect impact on both physical and mental
health.

References
Fuschia M Sirois, M. L.-G. (2003). “I'll look after my health, later”: an investigation of
procrastination and health. Personality and Individual differences, 35(5), 1167-1184.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(02)00326-4 (impact factor 4.3)

Fuschia M.Sirois, W. v. (2015). Is procrastination related to sleep quality? Testing an

application of the procrastination–health model. Cogent Psychology, 2(2015).
doi:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2015.1074776 (26 citations, impact factor 1.5)

Nayak, S. (2019). Impact of Procrastination and Time-Management on Academic Stress

among Undergraduate Nursing Students: A Cross Sectional Study. nternational Journal of Caring
Sciences, 12(3), 1480-1486. Retrieved from https://www.proquest.com/docview/2363845170?
sourcetype=Scholarly%20Journals

Rebecca Stead, M. J. (2010). “I’ll go to therapy, eventually”: Procrastination, stress and

mental health. Personality and Individual Differences, 49(3), 175-180.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.03.028 (impact factor 4.3)

Reinecke Leonard, M. A. (2018). The Relationship Between Trait Procrastination,

Internet Use, and Psychological Functioning: Results From a Community Sample of German
Adolescents. Frontiers in Psychology, 9. doi:https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00913 (32
citations, impact factor 3.8)

(citations, impact factor)

 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/
S0191886902003264
https://sci-hub.se/10.1016/j.paid.2010.03.028
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/23311908.2015.1074776
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00913/full
https://internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/docs/
18_nayak_original_12_3.pdf

5. Applications for Love and Relationships (for High/ average/ low levels of
trait)
High conscientiousness has been related to commitment, better intimacy levels
and satisfaction among dating couples. Conscientiousness is also related with
marital satisfaction among long-time couples. In terms of adolescents who are
high in conscientiousness, they tend to have better friendships and peer
acceptance.
Punctuality is seen as a facet under the conscientiousness trait and hence the
above findings should ideally be also applicable to individuals high in punctuality.
This is because punctual individuals by virtue of also being conscientious will also
be dependable, responsible and detail-oriented. They will be on-time for their
dates, or when meeting up with friends and family, and consistent in their efforts
towards their relationships.

References
Amy Claxton, N. O. (2012). Personality traits and marital satisfaction within enduring
relationships: An intra-couple discrepancy approach. Journal of social and personal
relationships, 29(3). doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0265407511431183 (54 citations, impact factor
2.8)

David Watson, B. H. (2001). General Traits of Personality and Affectivity as Predictors of

Satisfaction in Intimate Relationships: Evidence from Self- and Partner-Ratings. Journal of
personality, 68(3), 413-449. doi:https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-6494.00102 (185 citations, impact
factor 5)

Gorkan Ahmetoglu, V. S.-P. (2009). The Relationship Between Dimensions of Love,

Personality, and Relationship Length. Archives of sexual behavior, 39, 1181-1190.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-009-9515-5 (47 citations, impact factor 3.8)

Jason K. White, S. S. (2004). Big five personality variables and relationship constructs.
Personality and Individual differences, 37(7), 1519-1530.
doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2004.02.019 (162 citations, impact factor 4.3)

Kathrin Schaffhuser, M. A. (2014). Personality Traits and Relationship Satisfaction in

Intimate Couples: Three Perspectives on Personality. European journal of personality, 28(2).
doi:https://doi.org/10.1002/per.1948 (60 citations, impact factor 5.9)

Malcolm, L. A.-C. (2007). The Importance of Conscientiousness in Adolescent

Interpersonal Relationships. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 33(3).
doi:https://doi.org/10.1177/0146167206296104 (88 citations, impact factor 4.0)
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0191886904000601
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/1467-6494.00102
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1002/per.1948
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10508-009-9515-5
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0146167206296104
https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/full/10.1177/0265407511431183

References:
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0092656605001017