PRESENTATION ON

I. M. PEI
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE IV

PRESENTED BY:
21011AA048 Z.SIMN FATHIMA
20011AA008 SHAIK.SIDDIQ
20011AA022 K.KUNDANA SRI
20011AA027 K.JANANI
20011AA032 G.CARLO
 INTRODUCTION
CHILDHOOD
CONTENTS EDUCATION

CAREER
ACHIEVEMENT
FAMOUS WORKS
PUBLICATION

PHILOSOPHY
THEORIES
DESIGN PRINCIPLES
ARCHITECTURAL STYLE
INSPIRATION

SOURCE`
INTRODUCTION

NAME : IEOH MING PEI ( KNOWN AS I.M. PEI)

BORN ON : 26TH APRIL, 1917
DIED ON :16TH MAY, 2019
BIRTH PLACE :GUANGZHOU, CHINA, RAISED IN
SHANGAHAI, CHINA
MARRIED EILEEN LOO ON 20TH JUNE, 1942
 1935: MOVED TO UNITED STATES, ENROLLED IN THE UNIVERSITY OF
INTRODUCTION
PENNSYLVANIA'S ARCHITECTURE SCHOOL, THEN ENROLLED IN MIT

1940: GRADUATED FROM MIT (MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTION OF

TECHNOLOGY

1942: GOT MARRIED. JOINED THE HAVARD'S GRADUATE SCHOOL OF

DESIGN

1948: JOINED AFIRM NAMED "WEBB AND KNAPP"

1949: HIS FIRST BUILDING, THE CORPORATE BUILDING OF GULF OIL IN

ATLANTA, WAS CONSTRUCTED
INTRODUCTION

THE CORPORATE OF GULF OIL, ATLANTA

DESIGNED BY I.M. PEI, 1949
 1952: PEI AND HIS TEAM BEGAN WORK ON ASERIES OF WORK IN DENVER,
INTRODUCTION
COLORADO

1955: I.M. PEI AND ASSOCIATES WAS FORMED

1960: OFFICIALLY BROKE FROM WEBB AND KNAPP

1990 - 2019: DID ASERIES OF MUSEUM PROJECTS

ACHIEVEMENTS 1983: I.M. PEI WON PRITZKER ARCHITECTURE AWARD

1989: THE JAPAN ART ASSOCIATION'S PRAEMIUM IMPERIALE PRIZE FOR

ARCHITECTURE

1993: THE PRESIDENTIAL MEDAL OF FREEDOM

2003: ALIFETIME ACHIEVEMENTAWARD FROM COOPER-HEWITT

MUSEUM

2010: THE ROYAL GOLD MEDAL AWARDED BY INSTITUTE OF BRITISH

ARCHITECTS
 LUCE MEMORIAL
FAMOUS WORKS
CHAPEL
TAICHUNG CITY, TAIWAN, 1963

A TRIANGULAR-SHAPED CHAPEL IS LOCATED AT

TUNGHAI UNIVERSITY, TAIWAN. THE FORM OF
THIS CHAPEL CAN BE CONCEIVED AS A UNIQUE,
LIKE A PAIR OF PRAYING HANDS TOWARD SKY.
THERE IS NO COLUMN IN THE CHAPEL. PEI WAS
CAREFUL TO DESIGN SPECIFIC TO THE
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT OF TAIWAN, WITH
WALLS BUILT FROM REINFORCED CONCRETE TO
PROVIDE EARTHQUAKE STABILITY AND
DURABILITY IN THE HUMID AND TYPHOON-
PRONE ENVIRONMENT. CONSTRUCTION OF THE
INTRICATE AND ELABORATE FORMWORK WAS
DONE LOCALLY DONE BY CRAFTSMEN.
COVERED WITH GLAZED DIAMOND-
SHAPED TILES THAT STAND OUT
AGAINST THE SKY AND THE GREEN
BACKDROP OF THE UNIVERSITY

SET ON A IRREGULAR HEXAGONAL

BASE - CARPET AREA OF 477 SQM -
CAPACITY OF 500 SEATS

THE WALLS ARE CONNECTED BY

GLAZED SLOTS AND BY SMALL
STRUCTURAL BOW TIES THAT ARE
CAST INTO HIGH RIDGE BEAMS AT
THE TOP NEAR THE CEILING
 J OHN F. KENNEDY
FAMOUS WORKS
PRESIDENTIAL
LIBRARY AND
MUSEUM
BOSTON, USA, 1979
LOCATED ON A 10-ACRE PARK, OVERLOOKING
THE SEA THAT J.F.K. LOVED AND THE CITY THAT
LAUNCHED HIM TO GREATNESS, THE LIBRARY
STANDS AS A VIBRANT TRIBUTE TO THE LIFE
AND TIMES OF JOHN F. KENNEDY.
THE BUILDING IS A 9-STORY, WHITE PRECAST
CONCRETE TOWER JOINED TO A GLASS-
ENCLOSED PAVILION AND FLANKED BY THE
SMITH CENTER WITH AN ADJOINING STORAGE
AREA ON ONE SIDE AND THE LOBBY AND
MUSEUM THEATER AREA ON THE OTHER.
 A LARGE, AERATED, OPEN CUBE
VOLUME ALLOWS FOR A PERIOD OF
REFLECTANCE. THE CONNECTION
WITH THE OUTSIDE WORLD AND
THE HOME STATE WHICH
PRESIDENT J.F.K. DEDICATED HIS
POLITICAL LIFE TO IS TANGIBLE
THROUGH A SIMPLIFIED GLASS AND
STEEL CURTAIN

THE MAIN BODY OF THE STRUCTURE

CONSISTS OF TRIANGULAR
TOWERS PROTRUDING FROM AN
EXPANDING BASE OF GEOMETRIC
FORMS

FOR FLOOR PLANS , REFER:

HTTPS://WWW.ARCHIVES.GOV/FILES/FOIA/
PDF/KENNEDY.PDF
N
 LE GRAND LOUVRE
MUSEUM
FAMOUS WORKS
PARIS, FRANCE, 1989

• LOUVRE, IN FULL LOUVRE MUSEUM OR FRENCH

MUSÉE DU LOUVRE, OFFICIAL NAME GREAT
LOUVRE OR FRENCH GRAND LOUVRE, NATIONAL
MUSEUM AND ART GALLERY OF FRANCE, HOUSED
IN PART OF A LARGE PALACE IN PARIS THAT WAS
BUILT ON THE RIGHT-BANK SITE OF THE 12TH-
CENTURY FORTRESS OF PHILIP AUGUSTUS. IT IS
THE WORLD’S MOST-VISITED ART MUSEUM, WITH
A COLLECTION THAT
• SPANS WORK FROM ANCIENT CIVILIZATIONS TO
THE MID-19THCENTURY.
THE MONUMENTAL APPEARANCE
OF THE GLASS AND STEEL
PYRAMID FIXED IN THE MIDDLE
OF THE COURT PROVIDES A
CENTRAL FOCAL POINT THAT
COMPLIMENTS THE SCALE AND
DESIGN OF THE LOUVRE. IT
REACHES A HEIGHT OF 21.6
METRES (71 FT).

FOR STRUCTURAL INFORMATION, REFER:

HTTP://FACADESCONFIDENTIAL.BLOGSPOT.COM/2011/10/L
OUVRE-PYRAMIDS-REVISITED.HTML
WITH THE HISTORY OF THE
LOUVRE DATING BACK TO THE
12TH CENTURY, ONE COULD
IMAGINE THAT THE MODERN
DESIGN IMPLEMENTED BY PEI
WOULD NOT BE FULLY
ACCEPTED BY THE
HISTORICALLY ENAMORED
PARISIAN’S.
 SECTIONAL ELEVATION

PYRAMID
DIMENSIONS
ELEVATION AND PLAN
HTTPS://WWW.HEADOUT.COM/BLOG/LOUVRE-ENTRANCES/
FAMOUS WORKS SOME OF I.M. PEI'S FAMOUS WORKS INCLUDE

MIHO INSTITUTE OF NATIONAL GALLERY OF

AESTHETICS CHAPEL ART EAST BUILDING
MOUNTAINS OF SHIGARAKI, WASHINGTON DC, USA,
JAPAN, 2012 1978
 SOME OF I.M. PEI'S FAMOUS WORKS INCLUDE
FAMOUS WORKS

BANK OF CHINA ROCK AND ROLL HALL

TOWER OF FAME
HONG KONG, CHINA, CLEVELAND, USA, 1995
1990
 SOME OF I.M. PEI'S FAMOUS WORKS INCLUDE
FAMOUS WORKS

SUZHOU MUSEUM MUSEUM OF ISLAMIC

SUZHOU, CHINA, 2006 ART
DOHA, QATAR, 2008
 "FORM FOLLOWS INTENTION"
PEI DID NOT APPROVE OF THIS FANCIFUL ARCHITECTURAL
STYLE, THINKING IT WAS OLD- FASHIONED.PEI STATED: "THE
TWO DAYS WITH LE CORBUSIER, OR 'CORBU' AS WE USED TO
PHILOSOPHY
CALL HIM, WERE PROBABLY THE MOST IMPORTANT DAYS IN
MY ARCHITECTURAL EDUCATION." LE CORBUSIER GREATLY
INFLUENCED PEI'S DESIGNS FOR THE REST OF HIS LIFE.
CONSEQUENTLY, PEI WOULD SLIGHTLY MODIFY LE
CORBUSIER'S PHILOSOPHY BY BELIEVING THAT FORM
FOLLOWS INTENTION MEANING THAT STRUCTURES SHOULD
BE MEANINGFUL AND PRACTICAL IN THEIR DESIGN.
LE CORBUSIER
THE ONE ARCHITECT I.M.
PEI TOOK INSPIRATIONS
FROM.
STYLE AND INSPIRATION
PEI'S STYLE WAS DESCRIBED AS THOROUGHLY
MODERNIST, WITH SIGNIFICANT CUBIST THEMES. HE
WAS KNOWN FOR COMBINING TRADITIONAL
ARCHITECTURAL PRINCIPLES WITH PROGRESSIVE
DESIGNS BASED ON SIMPLE GEOMETRIC PATTERNS—
CIRCLES, SQUARES, AND TRIANGLES ARE COMMON
ELEMENTSOF HIS WORK IN BOTH PLANAND ELEVATION.
IN 2000, BIOGRAPHER CARTER WISEMAN CALLED PEI
"THE MOST DISTINGUISHED MEMBER OF HIS LATE-
MODERNIST GENERATIONSTILL IN PRACTICE".
PEI DREW MUCH INSPIRATION FROM HIS CHILDHOOD
SURROUNDINGS. AS A CHILD, PEI WOULD VISIT THE
GARDENS OF SUZHOU WITH HIS FAMILY DURING THE
SUMMER. INDEED A PLACE FILLED WITH BEAUTY AND
HISTORY THE SHIZILINGARDENWAS ESPECIALLY
INFLUENTIAL TO PEI AS A BOY.
CITATION

HTTPS://WWW.BRITANNICA.COM/BIOGRAPHY/I-M-PEI
HTTPS://WORLDARCHITECTURE.ORG/ARTICLE-LINKS/ECPVN/THE-12-MOST-
SIGNIFICANT-PROJECTS-OF-I-M-PEI.HTML
HTTPS://STUDY.COM/LEARN/LESSON/IM-PEI-ARCHITECTURE-PHILOSOPHY.HTML
HTTPS://EN.WIKIPEDIA.ORG/WIKI/I._M._PEI#STYLE_AND_METHOD
HTTPS://ARCHINECT.COM/NEWS/ARTICLE/150137086/SHAPING-AN-
ARCHITECTURAL-LEGEND-WHAT-INSPIRED-I-M-PEI
HASSAN FATHY
HISTORY OF ARCHITECTURE IV

PRESENTED BY:
21011AA048 Z.SIMN FATHIMA
20011AA008 SHAIK.SIDDIQ
20011AA022 K.KUNDANA SRI
20011AA027 K.JANANI
20011AA032 G.CARLO
INTRODUCTION:
• NAME: HASSAN FATHY
• BORN: 23 MARCH 1900, ALEXANDRIA, EGYPT
• DIED: 30 NOVEMBER 1989, CAIRO, EGYPT
• OCCUPATION: ARCHITECT
• AWARDS: UIA GOLD MEDAL
• MOVIES: IL NE SUFFIT PAS QUE DIEU SOIT
AVEC LES PAUVRES
• EDUCATION: CAIRO UNIVERSITY
• NATIONALITY: EGYPTIAN
 BIOGRAPHY:
Hassan Fathy was born in Egypt in 1899. He established a
private practice in Cairo where he also worked as professor
of Fine Arts and Head of the Architectural School, at the
University of Cairo.
An Egyptian architect who devoted himself to housing the
poor in developing nations.
Fathy worked to create an indigenous environment at a
minimal cost, to improve the economy and the standard
of living in rural areas.
During his long career Fathy designed more than 170
projects, but only the village of New Gourna (1945)
achieved real international attention, thanks to the
publication, 24 years later, of Fathy’s book Gourna, A Tale
of Two Villages, the first time his work became known to a
wider architectural community outside Egypt.
 DESIGN THEORY AND PHILOSOPHY:
Use of Aesthetics, Harmony and Proportion:
As an accomplished violinist, Fathy was receptive to the
compositional potential of musical harmonies in his work.
Music helped to develop this ability within him, which
carried over into his architecture - the sense of rhythm and
pattern that typifies the projects.

6 general principles as guidelines:

1. Belief in the primary of human values in architecture.
2. Importance of a universal rather than a limited
approach.
3. Use of appropriate technology.
4. Need forsocially oriented, cooperative construction
techniques.
5. Essential role of Tradition.
6. Re-establishment of national cultural pride through
the act of building.
 ‘For many years Fathy’s projects have been
described as Postmodern vernacular, and tradition,
carried out with the aim of expressing a lost arabité.
Fathy left a small number of disciples who are
continuing his struggle to avoid the use of Western
models in Arab architectural culture.
 MAJOR WORKS OF HASSAN FATHY:
•.

NEW GOURNA VILLAGE AKIL SAMI HOUSE CASARONI HOUSE

ABD AL-RAHMAN NASSIF HOUSE NEW BARIS VILLAGE

 NEW GOURNA VILLAGE:
New Gourna Project is one of his best known
housing projects. The construction of New
Gourna began in the late 1940s and
continued into the 1950s.
BUILDING TYPE: multifamily housing, village
CONSTRUCTION SYSTEM: mud brick and
adobe
CLIMATE: hot, arid Context: rural village
STYLE: Modern
His designs depended on natural ventilation,
orientation and local materials, traditional
construction methods and energy
conservation techniques. He went through
detailed studies of temperature and wind
patterns
•Hassan Fathy did not believe that the locals should
be housed in similar homes.Each had different needs,
tastes and comforts apart from the number living in
the house.
•Fathy included an open air theatre, a school, a "Suq"
(market) and a Mosque, famous for the unusual
shape of its minaret. He also built himself a house in
the same spirit of the village, using the same
materials.
•OPEN THEATRE The "Gourna Village experiment"
was not just an architectural experiment. To Hassan
Fathy it was more like the development of a town on a
cultural, social level following the regional traditions.
Relating to the people and knowing their needs while
asking them to participate in the construction of their
town was a major part of the project.
 .
1. The mosque
2. The khan
3. The theatre
4. Veterinary clinic
5. Tourist police station
6. Community hall
7. Secondary school
8. Gourna city council
9. Education administration and
preparatory school
10. Police station
11. Agricultural secondary school
12. Water plant
13. Fire station
14. Electricity station
15. Ambulance station
16. Traffic police station
17. Cattle breading station
18. Agricultural department
19. Storage of Upper Egypt Flour
Mills
20. nursery and garage.
.

SECTION PLAN
ABD AL-RAHMAN NASSIF HOUSE
Location: Saudi arabia
Construction: 1973
Building type: Residential
The house was built with stone block recovered
from the demolition of the traditional tower
houses in the old city, which the client
unsuccessfully tried to save. Rather than using the
familiar dome over the majlis here, he felt that an
octagonal shukshieka would be more regionally
appropriate, and the use of this particular
element carries over into a larger house designed
in tabuk.
. The importance of
the Nassif house
comes mainly from
its early idealistic
and innovative
attempt to revive
Jeddah's lost heritage
at the time when it
was invaded by the
modern office blocks
and shopping malls
which necessitated
the demolition of
many of its historic
buildings
.
•The house consists of two storey with a double -
height reception hall, ten different rooms, service
areas, internal courtyard with fountain and open
courtyard with garden pavilion on the first floor.
•The house featured Arabic Islamic elements
including domes, mashrabiyyahs (wooden lattice
work), thick walls and enclosed patios .
•Nassif house evoked the value of tradition at a
time when the influence of the International Style
was widespread because of the oil boom of that
period.
•It also drew the attention of the people to their
architectural heritage and stimulated the
realization that Jeddah was the only remaining
example of Red Sea architecture in Saudi Arabia.
CONCLUSION:
In conclusion, Fathy's contributions extend beyond the realm of
architecture; they touch upon social and economic aspects as
well. By advocating for affordable and accessible housing
solutions, he aimed to address societal issues and promote a more
inclusive built environment.
While Fathy faced criticism and challenges during his lifetime, his
ideas have gained recognition and appreciation in the realm of
sustainable architecture. His legacy inspires architects and
enthusiasts to explore alternative approaches that harmonize with
the environment and local communities.