PAS206 Exercises: Unit 2A

PAS206B Exercises for Unit 2A

Question 1

The bag contains similar cards, 12 are green, 13 are red and 15 are blue.

1.1 the probability of drawing a green card. [Ans: 0.3000]

12
------------- =0,3
12+13+15
1.2 the probability of drawing a red card. [Ans: 0.3250]

13
------------ =0,325
12+13+15

1.3 the probability of drawing a blue ball. [Ans: 0.3750]

15
------------ =0,375
12+13+15
Question 2

A school has a raffle and the winning prize is a sheep. A total of 560 tickets were sold. Tom, Maki and Joyce
purchased 10 tickets, 12 tickets and 6 tickets, respectively.

2.1 between the three, Tom, Maki and Joyce, who has a high chance of winning the sheep?

Maki

2.2. what is the probability that Maki will win the sheep? [Ans: 0.0214]

12
------- = 0,0215
560

2.3 what is the probability that Tom will not win the sheep? [Ans: 0.9821]

10
1- ------- = 0,981
560
2.4 what is the probability that Tom or Joyce will win the sheep? [Ans: 0.0286]

= P(Tom)+P(Joyce)

= 10/560 + 6/560= 0,0286

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PAS206 Exercises: Unit 2A

2.5 what is the probability that Tom or Maki or Joyce will win the sheep? [Ans: 0.0500 ]

= P(Tom)+P(Maki)+P(Joyce)

= 10/560 + 12/560+6/560= 0,05

Question 3

Source: John Bird, 649.

(a) P(p1) x P(p2) xP(p3) [Ans: 0.0071]

=1/8 x 1/5 x 2/7 = 0,0071

(b) P(A and B) [Ans: 0.0179]

=1/8 x1/5 x (1- 2/7) = 0,0179

(c) p2 = 1/5 = 0,125 [Ans: 0.1250]

(d) P(A union B) [Ans: 0.3250]

=1/8 +1/5 = 0,325

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PAS206 Exercises: Unit 2A
Question 4

A box contains 60 identical transistors. Of these 60 transistors, 25 are satisfactory, 12 give too high gain under
normal operating conditions and the remaining once give too low a gain. Assume two resistors are drawn at two
consecutive draws without replacement.
Let A represent satisfactory; Let H represent high gain under normal operating conditions; let F represent too low
gain under normal operation conditions.

4.1 what is the probability of drawing two satisfactory resistors? [Ans: 0.1695]

P(A) = 25/60 x 24/59 = 0,1695

4.2 what is the probability of drawing a satisfactory resistor on the first draw and a resistor that gives too low gain
on the second draw? [Ans: 0.1624]

25/60 x 23/59 = 0,1624

4.3. what is the probability of drawing a resistor that gives a high gain and a resistor that gives a low gain?
[Ans: 0.0780]
12/60 x 37/59 = 0,0780

Question 5

Match Column A with Column B. Write the symbol that matches with Column A in Symbol column.

Column A Symbol Column B

1 Sample space C A: Probability
2 A subset of a sample space. E B: Experiment
3 Process followed to obtain an C: Collection of all possible outcomes of
experimental unit B an experiment
4 A value between 0 and 1 A D: 1
5 Probability of a sample space D E: Event
6 6 H F. An arrangement of all or part of a set
of objects, with regard to the order of
arrangement
7 Permutation G. The number of ways 3 letters (ABC)
F can be arranged
8. Combination G H. Recipe

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PAS206 Exercises: Unit 2A
Question 6

6.1 A fair die is rolled and resulted in the following sample space: S = {1; 2; 3; 4; 5; 6}. What is:

6.1.1 the probability you will get a 4? [Ans: 0.1667]

1/6

6.1.2 the probability that you will get an odd number? [Ans: 0.5000]
3/6

6.1.3 the probability that you will get a number greater 6? [Ans: 0.0000]

6.2 Events K and M are not mutually exclusive and the following information is provided:
P(K) = 0.4; P(M) = 0.7 and P(K|M) = 0.38. Determine:

6.2.1 P(K and M) [Ans: 0.2660]

= P(K and M) = 0,4 x 0,7 = 0,28

6.2.2 Are the events K and M independent? Substantiate your answer.

Dependent ---- P(K/M) given

6.3 If P(C) = 0.4; P(D) = 0.5 and P(C and D) = 0.1. Find

6.3.1 the probability of the complement of C. [Ans: 0.6000 ]

1 - P(c)
1 - 0,4 = 0,6

6.3.2 the probability of event D given event C. [Ans: 0.2500]

P(D/C) = P(D intersection C) / P(C)

= 0,1 / 0,4 =0,25

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PAS206 Exercises: Unit 2A
6.4 The owner of a restaurant conducted research to establish the eating habits of his clientele. A total of 200 adult
clients were classified according to their gender and their food preferences. The information is summarised in
the table below:

Food preference
Vegetarian Total
Gender Beef (B) Sea Food (SF)
(V)
Male (M) 72 28 2 102

Female (F) 44 40 14 98

Total 116 68 16 200

Use the appropriate notation of probabilities and determine the probability that a randomly chosen client:

6.4.1 prefers beef. [Ans: 0.5800]

116 / 200 = 0,58

6.4.2 is a female and a vegetarian food. [Ans: 0.0700]

14 / 200 = 0,07

6.4.3 is male or prefers beef. [Ans: 0.7300]

P(M or B) = P(M) + P(B) - P(M and B)

=102 /200 + 16 / 200 - 72 /200 = 0,73

6.4.4 prefers sea food given that he is a male. [Ans: 0.2745]

P(SF/M) = P(SF intersection M) / P(M)

= 28 /200 divided by 102 / 200
= 0,2745

6.4.5 Are female and vegetarian mutually exclusive?

No, there is intersection at 14

6.4.6 are male and female mutually exclusive?

Yes, there is no intersection

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PAS206 Exercises: Unit 2A

6.4.7 are male and beef independent?

No, there is intersection at 72

6.5 Consider independently rolling two fair dice, one red and the other green. Let R be the event that the red die
shows 3 dots, G be the event that the green die shows 4 dots, and T be the event that the total number of dots
showing on the two dice is 7. Are these events pairwise independent (i.e.,are R and G independent events)?

Yes

6.6 From a box containing 7 black balls and 4 green balls, 2 balls are selected in succession without replacement.
What is the probability :

6.6.1 of selecting 2 green balls. [Ans: 0.1091]

4 /11 x 3 / 10 = 0,1091

6.6.2 of selecting the green ball first. [Ans: 0.3636]

4 / 11 = 0,3636