MODULE 3

Sampling Techniques
Module Definition of sampling

Objectives Determine the appropriate sample size

Differentiate various sampling techniques

“How many participants
should be chosen for a
survey”?
Representativeness,
not size, is the more
important
consideration.
Sampling

the process of selecting samples from the

given population

sample size from the population can be

determined by using the Slovin’s Formula
Reason for Sampling
Important that the individuals included in
a sample represent a cross section of
individuals in the population.

If sample is not representative then it is

biased. You cannot generalize to the
population from statistical data.
Sampling Bias

This involves problems in your sampling,

which reveals that your sample is not
representative of your population.
Sampling Bias
Slovin’s Formula
N
n=
1 + Ne²
n = Sample Size
N = Population Size
e = Margin of Error
Margin of Error

A margin of error is a statistical measurement that

accounts for the difference between actual and
projected results in a random survey sample.

The acceptable margin of error usually falls between 4% and 8%.

Example No. 1
Example No. 1
Example No. 2
Example No. 2
Types of Sampling Method
1 2

Probability Non-Probability
https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Probability Sampling

utilizes some form of random selection

all the eligible individuals have a chance of selecting the sample
from the whole sample space
more time consuming and expensive than the non-probability
sampling method
it guarantees the sample that should be the representative of the
population
https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Simple Random Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Systematic Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Stratified Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Stratified Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Stratified Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Stratified Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Clustered Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Non - Probability Sampling

a technique in which the researcher selects the sample based on

subjective judgment rather than the random selection

not all the members of the population have a chance to

participate in the study

should not be used for statistical inference (generalization of

population)
https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Non - Probability Sampling

Cases wherein Non – Probability Sampling is Useful

Only few are willing to be interviewed

Extreme difficulties in locating or identifying subjects
Probability sampling is more expensive to implement
Cannot enumerate the population elements

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Convenience Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Consecutive Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Quota Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Purposive or Judgmental
Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Snowball Sampling

https://byjus.com/maths/sampling-methods/
Statistical Error

The errors which occur while collecting

data are known as Statistical Errors.
 Statistical Error

https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/what-are-statistical-errors/
 THANK YOU FOR YOUR
ATTENTION.

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