UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES VISAYAS

TACLOBAN COLLEGE
DIVISION OF MANAGEMENT

MGT 115 (Management Accounting)

First Semester AY 2021 – 2022

ACTIVITY GUIDE 2.2: THE MEANING OF COST

(INDIVIDUAL WORK)

CHAPTER / TOPIC THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN

PLANNING AND ORGANIZING / THE MEANING OF COST
TARGET LEARNING ● Thoroughly understand, evaluate, and estimate costs for
OUTCOMES decisions such as pricing, profit, cost saving, allocation and/or
substitution.
● Properly allocate costs and adequately costs products and
services.
SCHEDULE Week 3
LEARNING ACTIVITY Exercise Sets

INSTRUCTIONS:

After going thru the readings indicated in the Study Guide 2.2, answer the exercises below independently
without using your notes and books. Write your answers in a yellow paper with solutions in good form.
Note: Answers should be hand-written. Take a picture or scan your output and submit the four (4) PDF
files (one file for each problem, with proper pagination) thru VLE on or before October 2, 2021, 11:59
PM. Keep your handwritten exercises and file in a white folder. At the end of the semester, those who have
complete exercises can avail of a big bonus for their finals score.

PROBLEM A. Cost Accounting Journal Entries

The following completed cost sheets were prepared for three jobs that were in production during April in
the Special Order Division of Byron Company:
Job 097 Job 781 Job 946
Direct materials ............................................................ P6,000 P2,700 P4,100
Direct labor .................................................................. 9,200 7,300 8,200
Applied factory overhead ............................................. 6,900 5,475 6,120
Allowance for commercial expenses and profit ........... 11,050 7,738 9,210
On April 1, Job 097 was 75% complete as to materials, labor, and overhead. It was finished during the
month. The other jobs were started and finished during the month. Jobs 097 and 946 were sold on
account at the end of the month.

Required: Prepare general journal entries to be recorded in April to accumulate these job costs for
Work in Process as well as for Finished Goods and for the sale of the two jobs.

PROBLEM B. Cost Accounting Journal Entries

Page 1 of 3 | MGT 115 Activity Guide 2.22.2. THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN PLANNING
AND ORGANIZING | THE MEANING OF COST
Voyager Inc. produces customized vans in a job order shop. On November 1, the following balances
appear in the inventory records:
Finished goods ................................................................................................................... $179,000
Work in process.................................................................................................................. 308,000
Materials............................................................................................................................. 83,000
The balance of FOH-Control as of November 1 amounts to $438,033. The amount in Finished Goods
represents $101,000 recorded for Van 175 and $78,000 recorded for Van 177. The work in process
account represents the three vans in process, as follows:
Van 179 Van 180 Van 181
Factory overhead....................................................................... $75,000 $50,000 $25,000
Direct labor ............................................................................... 60,000 40,000 20,000
Direct materials ......................................................................... 26,000 7,000 5,000
The following transactions occurred during November:
(a) Purchased materials on account, $80,000.
(b) Requisitioned $60,000 of materials from inventory: $15,000 applied to Van 180, $25,000 to Van
181, and $16,000 to Van 182, a new order; the balance was for indirect materials.
(c) Recorded the liability for the payroll and the labor cost distribution in a single entry: total payroll,
$208,750. Of the payroll cost, 10% applied to Van 179, 20% to Van 180, 35% to Van 181, 30% to
Van 182, and the remainder to indirect labor.
(d) Paid the payroll.
(e) Applied factory overhead for November at the rate of 150% of direct labor cost.
(f) Completed Vans 179 and 180.
(g) Sold Vans 175, 177, and 180 at 50% over manufacturing costs.

Required: Prepare general journal entries to record these transactions.

PROBLEM C. High and Low Points Method

A controller is interested in analyzing the fixed and variable costs of indirect labor as related to direct
labor hours. The following data have been accumulated:
Month Indirect Labor Cost Direct Labor
Hours
March .............................................................................................. P2,880 425
April ................................................................................................ 3,256 545
May ................................................................................................. 2,820 440
June ................................................................................................. 3,225 560
July .................................................................................................. 3,200 540
August ............................................................................................. 3,200 495

Required:
1. Present the cost function pertaining to the above information.
2. Determine the amount of the fixed portion of indirect labor expense, and
3. Determine variable rate for indirect labor expense, using the high and low points method. (Round
the variable rate to three decimal places and the fixed cost to the nearest whole peso.)

PROBLEM D. Fixed, Variable, and Semivariable Production Costs

Ibus Instruments Co. developed the following regression equations to indicate costs at various activity
levels:

Page 2 of 3 | MGT 115 Activity Guide 2.22.2. THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN PLANNING
AND ORGANIZING | THE MEANING OF COST
 Direct labor = $4 per unit
Materials = $3 per unit
Supervision = $5,000
Power = $300 + $.25 per unit + $.50 per machine hour
Factory supplies = $250 + $.75 per unit
DepreciationCequipment = $1 per machine hour
DepreciationCbuilding = $10,000
During the next period, the company anticipates production of 20,000 units and usage of 3,000 machine
hours.

Required: Prepare a schedule of the production costs (DM, DL, OH) to be incurred during the next
period.

Page 3 of 3 | MGT 115 Activity Guide 2.22.2. THE ROLE OF MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING IN PLANNING
AND ORGANIZING | THE MEANING OF COST