Division

Singapore and Asian

P6 Schools Math Olympiad
2015

Full Name:
Index Number:
Class:
School:
SASMO 2015 Primary 6 Contest

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Please DO NOT OPEN the contest booklet until the Proctor has given permission to
start.

2. TIME: 1 hour 30 minutes.

3. Attempt all 25 questions.

Questions 1 to 15 score 2 points each, no points are deducted for unanswered
question and 1 point is deducted for wrong answer.
Questions 16 to 25 score 4 points each. No points are deducted for unanswered or
wrong answers.

4. Shade your answers neatly using a 2B pencil in the answer sheet.

5. PROCTORING: No one may help any student in any way during the contest.

6. No electronic devices capable of storing and displaying visual information is

allowed during the course of the exam.

7. Strictly No Calculators are allowed into the exam.

8. All students must fill in their Name, Index number, Class and School in the
answer sheet and contest booklet.

9. MINIMUM TIME: Students must stay in the exam hall at least 1h 15 min.

10. Students must show detailed working and transfer answers to the answer sheet.

11. No exam papers and written notes can be taken out by any contestant.

11
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

SASMO 2015 Primary 6 [15 MCQ + 10 NON-MCQ = 25 Q]

Starting Score = 15 marks (to avoid negative marks); Max Possible Score = 85
marks

Section A (Correct answer = 2 marks; no answer = 0; incorrect answer =

minus 1 mark)

1. Fill in the blank: 6 tens 9 ones greater than 7 is the same as 1 ten 6 ones less
than _________.

(a) 46
(b) 60
(c) 76
(d) 92
(e) None of the above

________________________________________________________________

2. The diagram shows how an equilateral triangle can be cut into four pieces
and rearranged to form a square. This solution of the Haberdasher’s Puzzle is
discovered by Henry Dudeney (1857 – 1930).

If the length of the square is 16 cm and the height of the triangle is 21 cm,
find the length of the triangle, correct to the nearest whole number.

(a) 23 cm
(b) 23 cm
(c) 24 cm
(d) 25 cm
(e) 26 cm

1
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

3. An operator  acts on two numbers to give the following outcomes:

3  2 = 65
5  3 = 158
6  1 = 67
9  4 = 3613

What is 7  5 equal to?

(a) 1235
(b) 1335
(c) 3512
(d) 3513
(e) None of the above

________________________________________________________________

4. 34 means 3 multiplied by itself 4 times, i.e. 34 = 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 81. Find the

last digit of 610.

(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 6
(d) 8
(e) None of the above

2
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

5. Find the missing term in the following sequence: 2, 5, 10, 17, _____, 37.

(a) 23
(b) 24
(c) 26
(d) 27
(e) 29

________________________________________________________________

6. A whole number multiplied by itself will give a special type of numbers called
perfect squares. Examples of perfect squares are 9 (= 3  3) and 16 (= 4  4).
A perfect square year is a year which is a perfect square. When was the
previous perfect square year?

(a) 1764
(b) 1849
(c) 1936
(d) 2012
(e) None of the above

3
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

7. If the five-digit number 2345N is divisible by 6, find N.

(a) 0
(b) 2
(c) 4
(d) 6
(e) 8

________________________________________________________________

8. How many rectangles are there in a 4  4 square grid?

Note: A square is also a rectangle.

(a) 70
(b) 90
(c) 100
(d) 110
(e) None of the above

4
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

9. The height of a man is 150 cm, correct to the nearest centimetre. What is the
lowest possible height of the man?

(a) 149 cm
(b) 149.4 cm
(c) 149.5 cm
(d) 149.9 cm
(e) None of the above

________________________________________________________________

1
10. Simplify the following fraction: 3 .
2+ 5
4+
6
2
(a) 33

29
(b) 76

1
(c) 212

18
(d) 229

(e) None of the above

5
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

11. A palindromic number is a whole number that reads the same forward and
backward. For example, 1221 is a palindromic number. How many 4-digit
palindromic numbers are there?

(a) 19
(b) 90
(c) 100
(d) 9000
(e) None of the above

________________________________________________________________

12. A bag contains some sweets that can be divided equally among 3, 4, 6 or 7
children with no remainder. What is the smallest possible number of sweets in
the bag?

(a) 42
(b) 84
(c) 168
(d) 504
(e) None of the above

6
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

13. Given that 𝑥 × 𝑦 × 𝑧 = 2015, and 𝑥, 𝑦 and 𝑧 are whole numbers such that
𝑥 < 𝑦 < 𝑧 how many possible triples (𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧) are there?

(a) 1
(b) 4
(c) 5
(d) 27
(e) None of the above

________________________________________________________________

14. Daniel wants to cut rectangular cards of length 3 cm by 2 cm from a

rectangular sheet 50 cm by 19 cm. Find the biggest number of cards that can
be cut from the sheet.

(a) 144
(b) 150
(c) 158
(d) 159
(e) None of the above

7
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

15. A train travels at a speed of 90 km/h. The length of the train is 300 m. Find
the time taken by the train to pass completely through a 4.5 km tunnel.

(a) 3 min
(b) 3 min 2 s
(c) 3 min 12 s
(d) 3 min 20 s
(e) None of the above

________________________________________________________________

Section B (Correct answer = 4 marks; incorrect or no answer = 0)

16. The product of two numbers is 1000. Neither of the two numbers has 10 as a
factor. Find the difference of these two numbers.

8
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

17. Given that 4! means 4 × 3 × 2 × 1= 24, find the number of consecutive zeros
at the end of 14!

________________________________________________________________

18. Jerry drives 2000 km during a trip. He rotates the tyres (four tyres on the car
and one spare tyre) so that each tyre has been used for the same distance at
the end of the trip. How many kilometres are covered by each tyre?

9
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

19. Jane is at a road junction with four possible roads to her friend’s house, but
she did not know which road to take. So she asks some passerby for direction.

First Passerby: Your friend’s house is not on Road 1.

Second Passerby: I did not want to live near your friend, so I moved from
Road 2 to Road 4.
Third Passerby: I have taken Road 2 to the beach before, but I have not
passed by any house.
Fourth Passerby: Your friend stays on Road 3.

If only one of the passerby is telling the truth, on which road does Jane’s
friend live?

________________________________________________________________

20. The diagram shows a rectangle being divided into 3 smaller rectangles and a
square. If the perimeter of the unshaded rectangle is 48 cm and the area of
the square is 36 cm2, find the total area of the shaded rectangles.

10
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

21. What are the dimensions of a cuboid that is made from 2015 one-centimetre
cubes if all the sides of the cuboid are longer than 1 cm?

________________________________________________________________

22. A number gives a remainder of 3 when divided by 10. Another number gives
a remainder of 4 when divided by 10. The sum of these two numbers is
multiplied by 6 to give the third number. What is the remainder when this
third number is divided by 10?

11
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

23. Find the 2015th term of the following sequence: 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, …

________________________________________________________________

8 5
24. In a school hall, of the chairs are arranged in rows of 7, and of the
13 13
chairs are arranged in rows of 11. The rest of the chairs are stacked up. If
there are less than 2000 chairs in the hall, find the total number of chairs in
the hall.

12
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

25. Find the remainder when 32015 is divided by 4.

END OF PAPER

13
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

Solution for SASMO 2015 Primary 6

Section A

1. Fill in the blank: 6 tens 9 ones greater than 7 is the same as 1 ten 6 ones less
than _________.

(a) 46
(b) 60
(c) 76
(d) 92 [Ans]
(e) None of the above

Solution

69 + 7 = _____ 16
76 = _____ 16
 the missing number is 76 + 16 = 92

2. The diagram shows how an equilateral triangle can be cut into four pieces
and rearranged to form a square. This solution of the Haberdasher’s Puzzle is
discovered by Henry Dudeney (1857 – 1930).

If the length of the square is 16 cm and the height of the triangle is 21 cm,
find the length of the triangle, correct to the nearest whole number.

(a) 22 cm
(b) 23 cm
(c) 24 cm [Ans]
(d) 25 cm
(e) 26 cm

Solution

Area of square = 16  16 = 256 cm2

1 1
Area of triangle = 2  base  height =  length of triangle  21 cm
2
Since both areas are equal, then length of triangle = 256  2  21
= 24 cm (to nearest whole
number)

14
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

3. An operator  acts on two numbers to give the following outcomes:

3  2 = 65
5  3 = 158
6  1 = 67
9  4 = 3613

What is 7  5 equal to?

(a) 1235
(b) 1335
(c) 3512 [Ans]
(d) 3513
(e) None of the above

Solution

a  b = (𝑎 × 𝑏)(𝑎 + 𝑏)
 7  5 = 3512

4. 34 means 3 multiplied by itself 4 times, i.e. 34 = 3  3  3  3 = 81. Find the

last digit of 610.

(a) 0
(b) 1
(c) 6 [Ans]
(d) 8
(e) None of the above

Solution

6=6
6  6 = 36
36  6 = 216

Since the last digit of a product ab depends only on the last digit of a and of b,
then the last digit of 610 is 6.

5. Find the missing term in the following sequence: 2, 5, 10, 17, _____, 37.

(a) 23
(b) 24
(c) 26 [Ans]
(d) 27
(e) 29

15
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

Solution

Subtract 1 from each term in the given sequence to get: 1, 4, 9, 16, _____,
36.
Observe in the new sequence that 1 = 12, 4 = 22, 9 = 32, 16 = 42 and 36 =
62.
So the missing term in the new sequence is 52 = 25.
 the missing term in the given sequence is 25 + 1 = 26.

6. A whole number multiplied by itself will give a special type of numbers called
perfect squares. Examples of perfect squares are 9 (= 3  3) and 16 (= 4  4).
A perfect square year is a year which is a perfect square. When was the
previous perfect square year?

(a) 1764
(b) 1849
(c) 1936 [Ans]
(d) 2012
(e) None of the above

Solution

Since 40  40 = 1600 and 50  50 = 2500, we will have to try the square of a

whole number between 40 and 50.
Since 44  44 = 1936 and 45  45 = 2025, then the previous perfect square
year was 1936.

7. If the five-digit number 2345N is divisible by 6, find N.

(a) 0
(b) 2
(c) 4 [Ans]
(d) 6
(e) 8

Solution

Since the number is divisible by 6, then it is divisible by 2 and by 3.

Using the divisibility test for 3, 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 + N = N + 14 is also divisible
by 3.
Since N is a single digit, N = 1, 4 and 7.
But N must be even since the number is divisible by 2.
N=4

16
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

8. How many rectangles are there in a 4  4 square grid?

Note: A square is also a rectangle.

(a) 70
(b) 90
(c) 100 [Ans]
(d) 110
(e) None of the above

Solution

Method 1

A square is also a rectangle.

Type of Rectangles Number of Rectangles

1 × 1 square 16
2 × 2 square 9
3 × 3 square 4
4 × 4 square 1
1 × 2 rectangle 12
2 × 1 rectangle 12
1 ×3 rectangle 8
3 × 1 rectangle 8
1 × 4 rectangle 4
4 × 1 rectangle 4
2 × 3 rectangle 6
3 × 2 rectangle 6
2 × 4 rectangle 3
4 × 2 rectangle 3
3 × 4 rectangle 2
4 × 3 rectangle 2
Total No. 100

Method 2

There is exactly one rectangle for every pair of distinct horizontal lines and
every pair of distinct vertical lines.
 total no. of rectangles in a 4  4 square grid
= no. of pairs of distinct horizontal lines  no. of pairs of distinct vertical
lines
5×4 5×4
= 2  2
= 10  10
= 100

17
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

9. The height of a man is 150 cm, correct to the nearest centimetre. What is the
lowest possible height of the man?

(a) 149 cm
(b) 149.4 cm
(c) 149.5 cm [Ans]
(d) 149.9 cm
(e) None of the above

Solution

Let the man’s height be h cm.

Since 150 cm is correct to the nearest centimetre, then 149.5  h < 150.5.
 the lowest possible height of the man is 149.5 cm.

1
10. Simplify the following fraction: 3 .
2+ 5
4+
6
2
(a) 33

𝟐𝟗
(b) [Ans]
𝟕𝟔

1
(c) 212

18
(d) 229

(e) None of the above

Solution

1 1 1 1 1 1
= = = = =
𝟐𝟗
3 3 3 18 58 18 76 =
2+ 2+24 5 2+ 29 2+ + 𝟕𝟔
5 29 29 29 29
4+ + 6
6 6 6

11. A palindromic number is a whole number that reads the same forward and
backward. For example, 1221 is a palindromic number. How many 4-digit
palindromic numbers are there?

(a) 19
(b) 90 [Ans]
(c) 100
(d) 9000
(e) None of the above

18
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

Solution

Method 1

The thousands digit of a 4-digit number cannot be 0.

If the thousands digit of a 4-digit palindromic number is 1, there are 10 such
numbers: 1001, 1111, 1221, …, 1991.
Similarly, if the thousands digit of a 4-digit palindromic number is 2, there are
also 10 such numbers: 2002, 2112, 2222, …, 2992.
Since the thousands digit of a 4-digit palindromic number can be 1, 2, 3, … or
9, then there are 9 × 10 = 90 four-digit palindromic numbers.

Method 2

There are only 9 possibilities for the thousands digit because the thousands
digit of a 4-digit number cannot be 0.
Since the ones digit is the same as the thousands digit in a 4-digit palindromic
number, there are no other possibilities for the ones digit once the
thousands digit is fixed.
However, there are 10 possibilities for the hundreds digit.
Since the tens digit is the same as the hundreds digit in a 4-digit palindromic
number, there are no other possibilities for the tens digit once the
hundreds digit is fixed.
 there are 9 × 10 = 90 four-digit palindromic numbers.

12. A bag contains some sweets that can be divided equally among 3, 4, 6 or 7
children with no remainder. What is the smallest possible number of sweets in
the bag?

(a) 42
(b) 84 [Ans]
(c) 168
(d) 504
(e) None of the above

Solution

Method 1

The no. of sweets must be a multiple of 3, a multiple of 4, a multiple of 6 and

a multiple of 7.
So the possible no. of sweets are 84, 168, 252, …
 smallest possible number of sweets = 84

Method 2

Smallest possible number of sweets = LCM (3, 4, 6, 7) = 84

19
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

13. Given that x × y × z = 2015, and x, y and z are whole numbers such that x <
y < z, how many possible triples (x, y, z) are there?

(a) 1
(b) 4 [Ans]
(c) 5
(d) 27
(e) None of the above

Solution

2015 = 5  13  31, where 5, 13 and 31 are prime numbers.

 2015 = 1  5  403
= 1  13  155
= 1  31  65
= 5  13  31
 there are 4 possible triples (x, y, z).

20
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

14. Daniel wants to cut rectangular cards of length 3 cm by 2 cm from a

rectangular sheet 50 cm by 19 cm. Find the biggest number of cards that can
be cut from the sheet.

(a) 144
(b) 150
(c) 158 [Ans]
(d) 159
(e) None of the above

Solution

There are 3 ways to cut.

First way to cut:

2
50 cm  3 cm = 163, i.e. 16 cards along the length of the rectangular sheet.
1
19 cm  2 cm = 92, i.e. 9 cards along the breadth of the rectangular sheet.
Total number of cards from the first way to cut = 16 × 9 = 144

Second way to cut:

50 cm  2 cm = 25 cards along the length of the rectangular sheet.
1
19 cm  3 cm = 63, i.e. 6 cards along the breadth of the rectangular sheet.
Total number of cards from the second way to cut = 25 × 6 = 150

Third way to cut:

Cut the rectangular sheet 50 cm by 19 cm into two smaller rectangular sheets

50 cm by 15 cm and 50 cm by 4 cm.
50 15
The first rectangular sheet 50 cm by 15 cm can be cut into 2 × 3 = 25 × 5 =
125 cards.
Cut the second rectangular sheet 50 cm by 4 cm into two even smaller
rectangular sheets 48 cm by 4 cm and 2 cm by 4 cm.
48 4
The rectangular sheet 48 cm by 4 cm can be cut into 3 × 2 = 16 × 2 = 32
cards.
The rectangular sheet 2 cm by 4 cm can be cut into one more card.
Total number of cards from the third way to cut = 125 + 32 + 1 = 158

 biggest number of cards that can be cut from the sheet = 158

21
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

15. A train travels at a speed of 90 km/h. The length of the train is 300 m. Find
the time taken by the train to pass completely through a 4.5-km tunnel.

(a) 3 min
(b) 3 min 2 s
(c) 3 min 12 s [Ans]
(d) 3 min 20 s
(e) None of the above

Solution
Total distance travelled by the train when it passes completely through the
tunnel
= 4.5 km + 300 m = 4.8 km
Speed of train = 90 km/h = 1.5 km/min
Distance 4.8
Total time taken = Speed = 1.5 = 3.2 min or 3 min 12 s

Section B

16. The product of two numbers is 1000. Neither of the two numbers has 10 as a
factor. Find the difference of these two numbers.

Solution

1000 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 5 × 5 × 5
Since 2 × 5 = 10, each of the two numbers must not contain both a 2 and a 5
as its factors, or else it will contain 10 as its factor.
Thus 100 = (2 × 2 × 2) × (5 × 5 × 5) = 8 × 125.
 the two numbers are 8 and 125, and their difference is 125  8 = 117.

17. Given that 4! means 4 × 3 × 2 × 1 = 24, find the number of consecutive

zeros at the end of 14!

Solution

Notice that 2 × 5 = 10, 22 × 52 = 100, etc., i.e. a zero at the end is produced
by the product of a factor of 2 and a factor of 5.
14!, when written as a product of prime factors, will contain two 5s and more
than two 2s among its factors.
 there are at most 2 pairs of factor 2 and factor 5, i.e. there are 2
consecutive zeros at the end of 14!

22
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

18. Jerry drives 2000 km during a trip. He rotates the tyres (four tyres on the car
and one spare tyre) so that each tyre has been used for the same distance at
the end of the trip. How many kilometres are covered by each tyre?

Solution

Since there are 4 tyres on the road at any one time, total distance covered by
4 tyres = 2000 km × 4 = 8000 km
Since 5 tyres share the total distance equally, then distance covered by each
tyre = 8000 km  5 = 1600 km

19. Jane is at a road junction with four possible roads to her friend’s house, but
she did not know which road to take. So she asks some passerby for direction.

First
Passerby: Your friend’s house is not on Road 1.
Second I did not want to live near your friend, so I moved from Road 2
Passerby: to Road 4.
Third I have taken Road 2 to the beach before, but I have not passed
Passerby: by any house.
Fourth
Passerby: Your friend stays on Road 3.

If only one of the passerby is telling the truth, on which road does Jane’s
friend live?

Solution

The Second passerby says that Jane’s friend lives on Road 2, but the Third
Passerby says that there is no house on Road 2.
If the Second Passerby is telling the truth that Jane’s friend lives on Road 2,
then the First Passerby is also telling the truth that Jane’s friend does not
live on Road 1, contradicting that only one of the passerby is telling the
truth.
Thus the Second Passerby is lying and the Third Passerby is telling the truth
that there is no house on Road 2.
This means that the First and the Fourth Passerby are also lying.
Since the First Passerby says that Jane’s friend is not living on Road 1 and he
is lying, then Jane’s friend lives on Road 1.

[Since the Fourth Passerby says that Jane’s friend lives on Road 3 and he is
lying, then Jane’s friend does not live on Road 3, which is correct.
Although the Second Passerby is lying, it does not mean that both parts of his
statement must be false, i.e. he says that he moves to Road 4, implying
that Jane’s friend is not living in Road 4, which is actually true.]

23
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

20. The diagram shows a rectangle being divided into 3 smaller rectangles and a
square. If the perimeter of the unshaded rectangle is 48 cm and the area of
the square is 36 cm2, find the total area of the shaded rectangles.

Solution

Put the two shaded rectangles to form a long rectangle as shown:

1
Length of long rectangle = × perimeter of unshaded rectangle
2
1
= 2 × 48 cm
= 24 cm
Breadth of long rectangle = length of square = 6 cm
 total area of shaded rectangles = 24 cm × 6 cm = 144 cm2

21. What are the dimensions of a cuboid that is made from 2015 one-centimetre
cubes if all the sides of the cuboid are longer than 1 cm?

Solution

Since 2015 = 5 × 13 × 31, and 5, 13 and 31 cannot be divided by any whole

number greater than 1, then the dimensions of the cuboid are 5 cm by 13
cm by 31 cm.

22. A number gives a remainder of 3 when divided by 10. Another number gives
a remainder of 4 when divided by 10. The sum of these two numbers is
multiplied by 6 to give the third number. What is the remainder when this
third number is divided by 10?

24
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

Solution

Method 1

1st number = 10 + 10 + 10 + … + 10 + 3 (it does not matter how many 10s

are there)
2nd number = 10 + 10 + 10 + … + 10 + 4 (it does not matter how many 10s
are there)
Sum of first two numbers = 10 + 10 + 10 + … + 10 + 7
3rd number = 6 × sum of first two numbers
= 10 + 10 + 10 + … + 10 + 42 (it does not matter how many 10s
are there)
= 10 + 10 + 10 + … + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 10 + 2
 when the 3rd number is divided by 10, the remainder is 2.

Method 2

Let the first number be 10x + 3 and the second number be 10y + 4, where x
and y are whole numbers.
Then the sum of the first two numbers is (10x + 3) + (10y + 4) = 10(x + y)
+7
= 10z + 7 for some whole number z.
Thus the third number is 6(10z + 7) = 60z + 42 = 60z + 40 + 2 = 10(6z + 4)
+2
= 10w + 2 for some whole number w.
 when the third number is divided by 10, the remainder is 2.

23. Find the 2015th term of the following sequence: 1, 2, 2, 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, …

Solution

Notice that there are n terms with values equal to n each.

So find the largest value of n such that 1 + 2 + 3 + … + n  2015 first.
𝑛(𝑛+1)
 2  2015, i.e. n(n + 1)  4030.
Since 62  63 = 3906 and 63  64 = 4032, then the largest value of n is 62.
Since 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 62 < 2015 and 1 + 2 + 3 + … + 63 > 2015, then the
2015th term must be 63.

8 5
24. In a school hall, of the chairs are arranged in rows of 7, and of the
13 13
chairs are arranged in rows of 11. The rest of the chairs are stacked up. If
there are less than 2000 chairs in the hall, find the total number of chairs in
the hall.

25
SASMO 2015, Primary 6 Contest

Solution

Let the total number of chairs in the hall be n.

8
Since 13 × n chairs are arranged in rows of 7, and the numerator 8 is not
divisible by 7, then n must be divisible by 7.
5
Since 13 × n chairs are arranged in rows of 11, and the numerator 5 is not
divisible by 11, then n must also be divisible by 11.
8 5
Since 13 × n and 13 × n are whole numbers, then n must also be divisible by
13.
Since 7, 11 and 13 have no common factors other than 1, then n must be a
multiple of 7 × 11 × 13 = 1001.
Since 2 × 1001 = 2002 is already more than 2000, then n = 1001.
 total no. of chairs in the hall = 1001

25. Find the remainder when 32015 is divided by 4.

Solution

Observe the following pattern: when divided by 4,

31 leaves a remainder of 3,
32 = 9 leaves a remainder of 1,
33 = 27 leaves a remainder of 3,
34 = 81 leaves a remainder of 1, …
This means that the remainder will repeat with a period of 2.
Since 2015 is odd, then 32015, when divided by 4, will leave a remainder of 3.

Note: You need to ensure there is a good reason why the above pattern will
continue:

32 = 9 = 2 × 4 + 1 = 2 groups of 4 + 1
33 = 3 × 32 = 3 × (2 × 4 + 1) = 6 groups of 4 + 3
34 = 3 × 33 = 3 × (6 groups of 4 + 3) = 18 groups of 4 + 9
= 18 groups of 4 + 2 × 4 + 1
= 20 groups of 4 + 1

In other words, whenever you multiply by 3, all the groups of 4 will still
be divisible by 4.
If the remainder is 1, the next remainder will just be 3 × 1 = 3; if the
remainder is 3, the next remainder will be 1 since 3 × 3 = 9 = 2 × 4
+ 1.

26