REVIEWER FOR PRACTICAL RESEARCH 1

ETHICAL CODES AND POLICIES

Care –the researcher should never neglect even the smallest detail of the study.
Competence-the researcher should possess necessary knowledge and skills in conducting a
study.
Non-discrimination -the researcher should not discriminate based on sex, race, and
ethnicity.
Legality-the researcher should follow or abide by relevant laws.
Confidentiality- the researcher should take steps to protect all confidential communication
or document.
Integrity-the researcher should establish credibility throughout his/her action.
Objectivity- The researcher should avoid being biased.
Openness-the researcher should be willing to accept criticism and new ideas.
Plagiarism- refers to the act of illegally using another person’s ideas, works, and results.
Honesty-the researcher should strive truthfully report data in whatever form.

SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY-Promote social good by working for the best interest and
benefits of the environment and society as a whole.
HYPOTHESIS-Theoretical statement in solving a logical relationship between variables.

RESEARCH PROCESS- Systematic manner in which the researcher approaches his/ her area
of study to produce knowledge that the community consider to be worthwhile.

RISK OF HARM-The research participants must be protected from any of type of harm
whether it may be physical, social, or economic.
CONFIDENTIALITY- The researcher must be assured of their privacy particularly on
personal information.

ANINOMITY-The research participants must remain anonymous or unidentified.

INFORMED CONSENT-The research participants must be provided with sufficient
information about procedures and which involved in the research.

VOLUNTARY PARTICIPATION-Research participants must be given the privilege to

exercise their free will whether to participate or not.
RESPONSIBLE PUBLICATION- Researcher should avoid wasteful and duplicate
publication.

PROBLEM STATEMENT-The core issue that a study will try to solve or (at least)
examine.
RESPONSIBLE MENTORING-The researcher should teach the responsible conduct of
research and share personal knowledge and skills.

ETHICAL CODE NON-ETHICAL

Securing the safety of research participants. Rejecting criticisms from others.

Treating all pears equally. Exposing personal identity of respondents

Obeying relevant laws. Carrying out inconsistent actions.

Keeping agreements. Duplicating other publications.

Searching from credible online sources of Falsifying reported data and results.
information.

RESEARCH PHASES

STEPS:
1. DEFINE THE RESEARCH PROBLEM
2. REVIEW THE LITERATURE
3. FORMULATE HYPOTHESIS
4. PREPARE THE RESEARCH DESIGN
5. COLLECT DATA
6. ANALYZE DATA
7. INTERPRET AND REPORT THE FINDINGS
8. UTILIZED THE FINDINGS (IMPLEMENTATION)