INTRODUCTION

India has long been known as a land of rich culture and

history, drawing travellers from around the world to its many
attractions. In recent years, Indian tourism has grown
significantly, with more and more people coming to explore
the country’s diverse landscape, culture and heritage.

This project will discuss the development of Indian tourism

over the past decade.

The Indian tourism industry has seen a significant increase in

both domestic and international tourists over the past years.
This growth has been largely driven by the government’s
focus on promoting tourism and improving infrastructure.
Additionally, the country has become increasingly accessible
due to improved air connectivity and the development of
new tourist destination.

The World Travel and Tourism Council calculated that

tourism generated ₹13.2 lakh crore (US$170 billion) or 5.8% of
India's GDP and supported 32.1 million jobs in 2021. Even
though, these numbers were lower than the pre-pandemic
figures; the country's economy witnessed a significant growth
 Index
-

S no. Contents Pg

1. Introduction 1

2. Brief history of tourism 3

3. Importance of Indian tourism 5

4. Role of the tourism industry in heritage management in India 8

5. Growth of tourism in India 10

6. Types of tourism in India 12

7. Government initiatives 19

8. Survey 22

9. Conclusion 26

10. Contribution 27
 SRIMATHI SUNDARAVALLI MEMORIAL SCHOOL
NEW PERUNGALATHUR, CHENNAI - 600 063

CERTIFICATE OF COMPLETION

This is to certify that_______________________________________________________,

students of class XI, session 2022-23, from Srimathi Sundaravalli Memorial

School, Perungalathur, have successfully completed the project

titled________________________________________________________________________ as a part

of the ASL Project, English Core (301) under the CBSE guidelines and

guidance of the undersigned.

It has been observed that the students have shown keen interest in the

assigned work and have completed it within the mentioned time period.

Subject Teacher Principal External Examiner

 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The success and final outcome of this project required a lot of guidance and

assistance from many people and we are extremely fortunate to receive such

help throughout the project work.

We take this wonderful opportunity for thanking all those who have extended

helping hand to carry out this investigatory project. We would like to express

our special gratitude to our English teacher MR L NARAYANA SWAMY for his

able guidance and valuable suggestions.

We would also like to extend our acknowledgement for his stimulating

suggestions and encouragement to help us in all-time fabrication process and

in writing the report.

We owe our profound gratitude to the Principal for her motivation to

successfully complete the project.

We extend our heartfelt thanks to our parents and friends for providing their

support in this experimental endeavor of ours.

 INTRODUCTION

India has long been known as a land of rich culture and

history, drawing travellers from around the world to its many
attractions. In recent years, Indian tourism has grown
significantly, with more and more people coming to explore
the country’s diverse landscape, culture and heritage.

This project will discuss the development of Indian tourism

over the past decade.

The Indian tourism industry has seen a significant increase in

both domestic and international tourists over the past years.
This growth has been largely driven by the government’s
focus on promoting tourism and improving infrastructure.
Additionally, the country has become increasingly accessible
due to improved air connectivity and the development of
new tourist destination.

The World Travel and Tourism Council calculated that

tourism generated ₹13.2 lakh crore (US$170 billion) or 5.8% of
India's GDP and supported 32.1 million jobs in 2021. Even
though, these numbers were lower than the pre-pandemic
figures; the country's economy witnessed a significant growth
1 of 27
in 2021 after the massive downturn during 2020. The sector
is predicted to grow at an annual rate of 7.8% to ₹33.8 lakh
crore (US$420 billion) by 2031 (7.2% of GDP).

2 of 27
 Brief history on Indian
Tourism

People have always had a need to travel, be it to explore and

discover new lands or for our own enjoyment. Tourism
covers precisely the latter.

We can trace the origin of the modern concept of tourism

back to the 17th century, when young nobles from western
and northern European countries made what was called the
Grand Tour: a trip around Europe (usually covering France,
Germany, Italy and Greece) with the main purpose of soaking
up history, art and cultural heritage. It was considered a
perfect way to be educated.

By the 18th century, this custom was widespread among

wealthier classes and it spread to other parts of the world,
such as America. Similarly, religious pilgrimages that were
already popular during the Middle Ages continued during
this period.

The 19th century saw the creation of the first travel

agencies. One of the pioneers was Thomas Cook & Son,
3 of 27
which was the first to offer excursions and holidays for
groups, which included transport, accommodation and food
tickets, thus making costs cheaper. This would be the origin of
what we now know as package holidays.

Today, the tourism sector has become one of the great

economic engines in many countries, forming part of the
international political agenda. In recent years, with low-cost
flights and the existence of alternative accommodations,
managed by online companies, it is much easier for tourists
to afford to travel and they can design their itinerary and
experiences to their liking.

4 of 27
IMPORTANCE OF INDIAN
TOURISM
1. Economic progress:

The tourism industry aids and supports foreign exchange

reserves. It helps our country in generating foreign
exchange. Every year a large number of tourists visit India
and other places. Places they go to; Stay and shop in our
country.

All this contributes to a significant amount of foreign

exchange. Despite the global recession, Indian tourism grew
by 9% in 2015 to $42 billion.

2. Source of Income:

Tourism is a continuous source of income for public and

private income. The government has levied various types of
tax which are called government revenue. The income
generated through these taxes is general.

To tourists, profit earned by a seller, local

Commodities like artefacts, handicraft items, etc., are
called personal income. Tourism also helps in
employment generation.

It led to employment, especially in the hotel industry,

5 of 27
 hospitality industry, service sector, entertainment, and
transportation industry.

3. Development of Infrastructure:

tourism aids and encourages infrastructure development by making

way for dams, roads, connectivity, airport improvements, and any
other activity that helps a tourist visit a place in a bette

4. Social Progress:

Tourism is an excellent way for cultural exchange. It also

encourages social progress as tourists learn to show
respect, tolerance, and love for each other when visiting
new places.

5. Cultural Heritage:

Tourism helps to articulate the beauty, art, history, and

culture of our country. Different people who come to any
country take beautiful cultural concepts with them and
spread those concepts to other people by going to other
places.

Similarly, local skills, languages, and arts get broad

exposure through tourism.
r way!

6 of 27
6. Social Progress:

Tourism is an excellent way for cultural exchange. It also

encourages social progress as tourists learn to show
respect, tolerance, and love for each other when visiting
new places.

7. Cultural Heritage:

Tourism helps to articulate the beauty, art, history, and

culture of our country. Different people who come to any
country take beautiful cultural concepts with them and
spread those concepts to other people by going to other
places.

Similarly, local skills, languages, and arts get broad

exposure through tourism.

7 of 27
Role of the tourism industry in
Heritage management in India

Tourism is known to be one of the fastest and largest growing

industries all over the world. It is one of the powerful tools
of the source of income and employment. Significant
revenue generation is possible through the tourism industry.

Tourism has a vast impact on people and helping them

understand the variety of cultures and civilizations and their
religious importance. Major countries like India are
somewhat dependent on the tourism industry for revenue
generation.

The primary revenue through tourism is the export business

which is not majorly highlighted but has a significant
impact on the revenue generation in India.

The foreign exchange has a considerable effect on the

country’s growth without the substantial loss of the inner
resources.

The tourism industry is known as a highly labour-

intensive industry in India. It is successful in providing
different services that are essential and expected by the
incoming and visiting tourist.

8 of 27
The tourism industry in India has successfully provided a
broad scope for employment to the people and has provided a
variety of upliftment, alleviating poverty, and sustained
human resources.

Tourism has also promoted and has a beneficial hand in the

small and local handicraft culture of India. It plays a
significant role in promoting the major nation’s integrity in
the international market and platforms.

Specialized international media campaigns like “Incredible

India” and the various social media platforms for the
advertisement have led to a major upliftment

9 Of 27
Growth Of Tourism in India

For a country that is surrounded by the Himalayas to the north, the

Indian Ocean to the south, The Bay of Bengal to the east, and the
Arabian Sea to the west, India quite hasn’t tapped into the full
potential of tourism. Even the tourism industry is the largest service
sector in India, the tourism growth in India is something that is still a
work in progress

.With 37 UNESCO heritage sites and a land blessed with rich heritage
and cultural diversity, each region in India has a unique story to tell.
People have different expectations for tourism. Some prefer beaches,
while others may like forests, some other people may be into deserts,
etc. No matter what the preference, India has different regions to cater
to everyone’s expectations.

As per the WTTC (World Travel and Tourism Council), about 9.2
percentage of India’s GDP in the year 2018 came from Tourism. From
just over 2 million tourists in 2000 to over 42 million jobs in the Indian
travel and tourism industry in 2018, and 10 million foreign tourists
visiting the country in the same year, the growth of tourism in India has
been steady. Despite these good tourism growth statistics, India has a
long way to go to fully exploit this domain

10 of 27
11 of 27
Types of Tourism in India

The future of tourism in India is golden. From earning 27 billion USD

from tourism in 2017, the earnings are expected to be around 50 billion
USD by the year 2028. With a large scale development being initiated,
India aims to be at the top of the tourism economies only behind China,
US, and Germany. As per the expectations, the travel and tourism
industry’s contribution to the Indian GDP will jump from around 200
billion in 2017 to a massive 424 billion by 2027. A large number of
countries have tourism as their main source of income. This has
instigated the Indian government to give a larger focus on tourism.
India’s route to be becoming the largest world economy can only be
accomplished by fully realizing the potential of tourism.

For full tourism growth in India, we need to address the different types
of tourism that exists in India to its full possibility. Tourism is a sector
that has its branches in almost every other industry. There are numerous
types of tourism that exist in India. For the main types, the scope of
tourism in India is broadly classified into the following-

12 of 27
Medical Tourism

Medical tourism in India is a billion dollar industry that is at its peak.

India is a major destination for people around the world seeking
medical treatment. Due to the medical sector being backed and
promoted by the government, this has flourished significantly in the
last few years. By 2020, the income from medical tourism is expected
to be around 9 billion USD. Even in the US, most of the people
working in healthcare are Indians. As a result, there is no shortage of
skilled Indian medical workers in the world. Couple this with the low-
cost, high-quality healthcare in India and English speaking
professionals, you get the perfect recipe for excellent medical facilities

13 of 27
Eco-Tourim:

In layman term, Eco-tourism is simply the form of tourism in which a

tourist visits a place without disturbing the environment and respecting
the local culture and people. Eco-tourism in India is a new approach
taken to preserve the ecosystem and heritage. This type of tourism is
largely beneficial to the local people. By directly involving in this, they
ensure that the environment and natural resources are protected.

In India, the hotspots for this are common in the western and eastern
ghats, Himalayan areas, Kerala, Northeastern states, Andaman and
Nicobar islands, and Lakshadweep. The importance of eco-tourism is
significantly high. To maintain the balance of the ecosystem, it is
necessary to preserve the flora and fauna, especially those of
endangered species. With an increase in tourists, these are threatened.
As a result, the government has initiated eco- tourism to counter this
issue.

14 of 27
Religious Tourism

The birthplace of 4 major religions, namely Buddhism, Hinduism,

Jainism, and Sikhism, pilgrimages have been a part of the country since
early ages. Along with these, due to the invasion by the Mughals, and
Portuguese and French colonisations, imprints of other religions like
Islam and Christianity have been established in India. Tourism to
monasteries, temples, mosques, churches, as well as other religiously
significant places includes religious tourism. Until recently, this form
was mainly domestic. However, due to recent developments, these sites
have started attracting foreigners. Most of the tourism in this domain
has been to the state of Tamil Nadu, known for its ancient temples,
statues, and caves, etc.

15 of 27
Cruise Tourism:

With a large capacity for development, cruise tourism in India is an

upcoming industry. Being the most luxurious of the world’s tourism
industry, its effect in India has been limited due to several reasons.
However, recent initiatives and developments have opened up a
pathway to improve this sector. Cruises are basically ships or boats that
provide special amenities like pools, hotels, restaurants, etc along with
the journey from one destination to another. As of now, cruise tourism
is limited to river tourism, and other forms of domestic tourism with
cruises mainly operating between Mumbai-Goa, as well as to Maldives,
Lakshadweep, and a few other places. River tourism in India can be
seen in the river Ganges, and in the backwaters of Alleppey in Kerala.

Adventure Tourism

Being a modern form of tourism targeting adventure enthusiasts,

adventure tourism involves exploring and travelling to remote areas
and exotic locations. These activities can include trekking, white water
rafting, skiing, surfing, rock climbing, skydiving, and so on. India,
being very diverse in terms of even terrains and climates makes several
types of adventure tourism possible. The adrenaline pumping nature of
this attracts a large number of tourists from all over India as well as the
world. The most notable mentions are Uttrakhand, Himachal Pradesh,
The Himalayas, Ladakh, etc.

16 of 27
Wellness Tourism

Similar to healthcare, India is a well-known hotspot for spirituality and

wellness. With an environment that enhances tranquillity, India attracts
quite a number of people for various activities that are focused on
improving one’s health and wellness. Body massages, yoga, meditation
training, nutrition programs, etc are a few of the services under this
category.

Cultural Tourism

One major thing that separates India from other countries is its rich
culture and heritage. And this is also one of the main reasons why
tourists visit the country. With several fairs, festivals, architectural
sites, and so on, the cultural tourism in India is booming and is always
going to be a crowd puller. Being ruled by several rulers in the past,
they all left behind a piece of their history and heritage leaving an
impact on the country. As a result, every region in India has a different

17 of 27
array of culture, food, music, and tradition.
Some of the major states for these are Tamil Nadu, Uttaranchal,
Uttar Pradesh, etc.

Leisure Tourism

Known for the coastal lines, hill stations, and lakes, people visiting
India to enjoy these come under the category of leisure tourism. Even
though a significant amount of this is domestic, it certainly does
attract several foreigners too. The French colony of Pondicherry and
the Portuguese influenced Goa are two of the most visited places for
its beaches, attracting several foreigners. Mount Abu, Kullu-Manali,
Ooty, Mahabaleshwar, etc are famous hill stations that attract a lot of
domestic tourists.

Apart from these, there are a few other types of tourism that exist in
India. However, since these are the most important ones, future
tourism growth in India in these sectors can increase the statistics
significantly.

18 of 27
 Government Initiatives

In recent years, the Indian Government has recognised

tourism's importance in creating jobs and earning foreign
exchange. Accordingly, it has taken various measures to
boost domestic and international tourism, which has
significantly helped the tourism sector. Some of these
measures are described below

 Swadesh Darshan Scheme :

The Swadesh Darshan scheme, a flagship

programme, was launched by the Ministry of Tourism
in 2014–15. The scheme aims to encourage theme-
based tourism to promote, develop, and capitalise on
India's tourist potential. As of March 2022, under this
scheme, the Ministry of Tourism had invested Rs. 5,500
crore (US$ 687.84 million) and sanctioned over 76
projects in 31 states/union territories. Furthermore, the
ministry developed tourism-related infrastructure at
more than 500 tourist destinations. In April 2022, the
ministry sanctioned 10 new projects under the heritage
circuit theme.

 National Integrated Database of Hospitality Industry

(NIDHI)

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 NIDHI is an initiative towards Aatmanirbhar
Bharat to use technology to empower businesses. This
programme aims to understand the hospitality sector’s
geographical spread, size, structure and capacity. As of
27 August 2022, a total of 45,152 accommodations
were registered under this portal.

 E-tourist Visa

The Indian Government launched this initiative in

October 2014. This programme aims to simplify the
process of obtaining a tourist visa for foreign nationals.
This initiative has helped promote tourism in the
country. In 2019, the government granted 2.36 million
e-tourist visas.

 Advertising Campaigns

The Indian Government has promoted tourism and

showcased the country's rich cultural heritage to the
world through its ‘Incredible India’ campaign. The
campaign aims to promote tourism in India on an
international scale. In recent months, the government
has taken various initiatives to promote tourism. For
instance, it launched the Italy edition of Incredible India
Reconnect 2022, a virtual roadshow, to encourage
international tourists to visit India. In

20 of 27
May 2022, the Ministry of Tourism showcased India’s
different tourism products in the Arabian travel market.

21 of 27
SURVEY
A survey was conducted on the topic tourism. and we were
positively able to collect 105 responses. Based on the
responses we have created the inference

We set 10 discrete questions for this survey

QUESTION 1 :

Do you like travelling?

INFERENCE:

From the above pie chart we can clearly observe that almost
everyone like travelling!

QUESTION 2:

Whom do you like to travel with?

22 of 27
INFRENCE:
From the above question we can conclude that most of them
like to travel with their friends. And even some of them like
travelling with their parents

QUESTION 3:

What kind of places does you like travelling?

INFERENCE:

On the above question we can infer that many people like

travelling to hill stations

QUESTION 4:
How often do you travel outstation?

INFERENCE:

From above we can note that most of the people do not travel
regularly. Most of them travel once in a year or once in every 6
months

23 of 27
QUESTION 4:
What is most common purpose of your travel?

INFERENCE:

The above chart gives us information that most of them travel

for family vacation

QUESTION 5:

What mode of transportation do you opt for travelling?

INFERENCE:

From above we can note that most of them opt for travelling in
car from this we can also infer that most of them give
importance to comfort and privacy

24 of 27
QUESTION 6:
How much do you spend on a trip on an average?

INFERENCE:

Most of the people make their trip in the cost around 15,000-
50,000

QUESTION 6:

Do you wish to go for a world tour?

INFERENCE:

From above we can infer that most of the people wish to go for
a world tour this also shows their interest towards other culture
and surrounding

25 of 27
 CONCLUSION
In conclusion, The education that can come about when
traveling and interacting can be greater than that gained
from any textbook. Travelling does have its' downfalls
which need to be made known so a solution can be found.

Tourism commodifies cultures and their associated

businesses and goods. It affects the environment in
many harmful ways, including the
habitats of many endangered animals.Tourism can also
overshadow or in the opposite direction drastically change
the indigenous cultures of a place.

Tourists need to make sure they do everything in their

power to prevent these negative effects of tourism .They
should get vaccines, stay in designated areas, and respect
and preserve the culture put before them .With these
simple measures, travellers of all ages can help reduce
the footprints left behind by tourism.

we can say that tourism is a very productive activity both

for the tourist and the government. As they support each
other simultaneously. Also, the government should
consider improving the conditions of the country as more
and more number of tourist visit their country.

26 of 27
 SELF REFLECTION
Dharshana Sathiyan
My reflections of Indian tourism is that I feel that the development
of tourism has major effects on societies which also involve a big
tradeoff. The positive aspect is that touristic development can create
new income opportunities for the locals. They can cater for the
tourists, offer tours or guiding services and accommodation. By
means of this paper, I wanted to focus on some of the central ideas
and starting points of the Indian tourism policy. The argument is
that there is something fundamentally wrong with the public ideas
concerning the economic potential of tourism and the role of
tourism as a development tool. I have also contended that, even
after all these years of tourism development, very little is known on
who the tourists in India actually are and what they want.

In conclusion, I really did enjoy this group project. We had great

group chemistry, an interesting topic, an effective and consistent
preparation period. That sounds like a formula to a successful
group project to me. This is probably the most enjoyable group work
experience for me.

& 1
Architha
My opinion what I have learnt from this project is that Tourism
development also leads to several undesired impacts over the host
population and destination settings. Therefore, close tab on the
tourism development efforts needed to be there by the
policymakers, planners, residents and other stakeholders. If India is
to appreciate the enormous tourism potential, it must position its
exclusive world-class tourism products and destinations to compete
for a larger share of the global tourism market. Therefore, an effort
to provide new insights into the existing body of knowledge of
tourism in India on emerging consumer behaviour trends, tourism
education, local food experiences cape, marketing and destination
marketing/branding strategies are the vital need of the day and this
project really helped me understand our cuture about our india
which the foreigners want to learn as a person who loves adventure
this was quite an experience to see the how many adventures spots
are in India

I can conclude by saying that this project really made me

understand more about my own country and its tourist spots which
I might even be visiting

& 2
Rheshmi
I did learn a lot about Indian tourism .To elaborate, by mentioning
intercultural understanding, I meant that each cultural group has
different ways to communicate. For example, Western culture
encourages people to be up-front and straight-forward with their
communication In contrast, people who are influenced by Eastern
culture might be less outspoken about their ideas and pay a lot of
attention to nonverbal language of the people around them. Culture
is something that if one have never encountered or exposed to it, he
or she would never know. I hope that after this project, besides of
the knowledge we gained from the research itself , all four of us
would improve even more on our intercultural and interpersonal
communication skills. Because at the end of the day, the knowledge
that one have learnt might be forgotten, but all of the skills that one
have gained will stay for a very long time.

In conclusion, I really did enjoy this group project moreover I learnt

about these different languages and the communication that we
which the foreigners are really interested.

⑲ 3
Prithivikaa
My experience in working with my teammates on my English project
on ‘INDIAN TOURISM’ was really exhilarating. Initially when we
started it was bit difficult but it gradually took off very well. Our
project being dealt with topic that was even new to me made me
learn man new aspects on accepting and supporting our country
and I even developed different perspective on my country.

While working on this project, I learnt about traditions, culture,

and vibrant geographies, India speaks for itself as a soul-stirring
journey. The snow-covered peaks of the Himalayas, natural
greenery to depths of spirituality, and clusters of cultural
shades. I felt that all of these aspects join together to define the
raw beauty through which India captures the heart of every
tourist.

On whole I had a new and good experience as it was my first ever

project that I practically dwelled into and worked on. I hope all
all the knowledge I gained from this project will help me in
future.

#4
Nandhini
My experience from this project is that I analysed more about our
Country’s cultural richness in the first place. As I started to involve
myself more into this research , I came to know about many things.
The most interesting part of this project was getting response from
people about their travelling experiences.

I learnt about the immense potential of tourism in India through

this project. I felt that India tourism with its foggy hill stations,
captivating beaches, historical monuments, golden deserts, serene
backwaters, pilgrimage sites, rich wildlife, and colourful fairs
capture the heart of everyone.

Finally I feel this project was a great success doing it with my

teammates. It was a helpful research journey to travel and I’m sure
that this knowledge would be of great use in my future.

⑲ 5
Yamini
First of all when we decide to take this project I was not that
interested and aware of tourism in our country and I didn’t have
much travelling experience to. Later when we started our discussion
in group regarding our country’s contribution on tourism I came to
know about many interesting and startling facts about tourism and
how it plays a major role in our country’s economy.

My family and friends supported me in our survey and helped me to

know more and change my perspective about travelling. I don’t
really enjoy travelling but from now I feel that travelling would bring
make relieve our daily stress and make us it spent time with own
self.

I know wish to travel to experience the places, artifacts and

activities that authentically represent the stories and people of the
past and present, including cultural historic and natural resources
and I thoroughly enjoyed doing this project as a team. I hope my
views had changed after doing this project and I consider it as a big
opportunity as I got to know more about my country and its diverse
culture and tradition.

· 6
Bibiliography
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfjZZbNtXxJssSZJ2Q7T5N4pzJ5
HkpaXMk4BsylmojdEpRv6Q/viewform?usp=sf_link

https://informaticnishant.in/importance-of-tourism-in-india-the-
complete-package/

https://www.longdom.org/open-access/role-of-tourism-industry-
in-indias-development-
9772.html#:~:text=It%20contributes%206.23%25%20to%20the,fore
ign%20exchange%20earnings%20in%20India

http://ericzuelow.com/ModernTourism/TeachingWeekly.html

https://www.slideshare.net/ashishkumar008/tourism-in-india-ppt

⑲7