LINEAR

PROGRAMMING
MODULE 8
Linear Programming

• Graphing Linear Inequalities

• Linear Programming
Objectives

a) identify problems that linear programming can

handle;
b) write linear programming models and solve
using the graphical method.
GRAPHING
LINEAR
INEQUALITIES
LINEAR INEQUALITY
A linear inequality is an inequality in one of the
forms

𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 < 𝐶 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 > 𝐶

𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 ≤ 𝐶 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 ≥ 𝐶

where A and B are not both zero.

EXAMPLES OF LINEAR
INEQUALITIES IN TWO VARIABLES

𝑥 + 5𝑦 < 8 2𝑥 − 𝑦 > 6

3𝑥 + 𝑦 ≤ 6 𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
GRAPHING A LINEAR INEQUALITY
An inequality in two variables 𝑥 and 𝑦 is satisfied
by an ordered pair (𝑎, 𝑏) if, when 𝑥 is replaced by
𝑎 and 𝑦 by 𝑏, a true statement results.

The graph of an inequality in two variables 𝑥 and 𝑦

consists of all points (𝑥, 𝑦) whose coordinates
satisfy the inequality.
EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
a. 𝑥 + 5𝑦 < 5
b. 𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
a. 𝑥 + 5𝑦 < 5
x-intercept (y=0):

y-intercept (x=0):
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
a. 𝑥 + 5𝑦 < 5
Test point:
GRAPHING A LINEAR INEQUALITY
Steps for Graphing a Linear Inequality
1. Replace the inequality symbol by an equal sign,
and graph the resulting equation.
If the inequality is strict, use dashes; if it is non-
strict, use a solid mark. This graph separates the
𝑥𝑦-plane into two or more regions.
GRAPHING A LINEAR INEQUALITY
Steps for Graphing a Linear Inequality
2. In each region, select a test point P.
a. If the coordinates of P satisfy the inequality, so do
all the points in that region. Indicate this by
shading the region containing P.
b. If the coordinates of P do not satisfy the inequality,
none of the points in that region does. Shade the
region not containing P.
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
b. 𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
x-intercept (y=0):

y-intercept (x=0):
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
b. 𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
Test point:
SYSTEMS OF LINEAR INEQUALITIES
A system of linear inequalities in two variables
consists of at least two linear inequalities in the
same variables.

𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
ቊ
2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 4
GRAPHING SYSTEMS OF
LINEAR INEQUALITIES
The graph of a system of inequalities in two
variables 𝑥 and 𝑦 is the set of all points (𝑥, 𝑦) that
simultaneously satisfy each inequality in the
system.
The graph of a system of inequalities can be
obtained by graphing the inequalities on the same
set of axes and then determining where, if at all,
they intersect.
GRAPHING SYSTEMS OF
LINEAR INEQUALITIES
The solution set of the system of inequalities is the
region of the plane represented by the intersection
of the shaded regions.
EXAMPLE OF GRAPHING SYSTEMS OF
LINEAR INEQUALITIES
Graph the system:
𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
ቊ
2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 4
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
x-intercept (y=0):

y-intercept (x=0):
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
Test point:
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 4
x-intercept (y=0):

y-intercept (x=0):
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 4
Test point:
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥+𝑦 ≥2 2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 4
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
ቊ
2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 4
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
ቊ
2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 4
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥+𝑦 ≥2
ቊ
2𝑥 − 𝑦 ≤ 4
 EXAMPLE OF GRAPHING SYSTEMS OF
LINEAR INEQUALITIES
In most cases, if the inequality symbol is

≤ ≥
corresponding/shaded area below the line area above the line
region is
EXAMPLE OF GRAPHING SYSTEMS OF
LINEAR INEQUALITIES
Graph the solution of the system:
𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≤ 6
ቊ
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 ≥ 0
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≤ 6
x-intercept (y=0):

y-intercept (x=0):
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≤ 6
Test point:
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 ≥ 0
x-intercept (y=0):

y-intercept (x=0):
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 ≥ 0
Test point:
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≤ 6 2𝑥 − 4𝑦 ≥ 0
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≤ 6
ቊ
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 ≥ 0
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≤ 6
ቊ
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 ≥ 0
 EXAMPLES OF GRAPHING A
LINEAR INEQUALITY
Graph the following inequalities:
𝑥 − 2𝑦 ≤ 6
ቊ
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 ≥ 0