Tiempo gramaTical en ingles

Present simple 1.Estado actual de las cosas. Do/don’t= I, you, we, they *S, sh, ch, o, x or z, add (es) (+) Subject + Infinitive verb / verb 3persona + • I eat fruits
2.Hechos generales Does/doesn’t= he, she, it *consonant+y, add (ies), exc: vowel+y, add Complement • You study English
3.Acciones habituales (s) • He plays soccer
(-) Subject + Don’t/Doesn’t + Infinitive verb +
4.horarios futuros. *consonant+o, add (es) • She washes her car It rains
complement
*have (has) enough
(?) Do/Does + Subject + Infinitive verb+ Complement
* base form, add (s)
+?
Present 1.Acción específica que ocurre en el momento. Am/am not= I •
continuous * ends in an e, add(ing) (+) Subject + to be + verb(ing) + complement We are singing well
2.Actividad general que ocurre a lo largo de un Is/isn’t= he, she, it (-) Subject + to be + not + verb(ing) + complement • You are seeing the sea
período de tiempo. * end in ie, add (y+ing) • They are having dinner
Are/aren’t= we, you, they (?) To be + Subject + verb(ing) + complemet +?
3.Planes a futuro cercano. * cons, vowel, cons, double letter and add • I am writing a letter
(ing)exc: r, w, y • You are painting a picture

* base form, add (ing)

Present perfect 1.Acción que pasó en un tiempo in Have/haven’t= I, you, we, •
* Consonant+y, add (ied), exc: ay, ey, oy, add (+) Subject + have/has + verb(ed) + complement He has cooked a fish
especificado. they (ed) (-) Subject + have/has(not) + verb (ed)+ complement • She has traveled enough
2.Acción que ha ocurrido recientemente. • It has rained for two hours
3.Acción que comenzó en el pasado y continúa
Has/hasn’t= he, she, it * regulars verbs, add (ed) (?) Have/Has + Subject + verb(ed) + complement
• We have won the race
en el presente. * ends cons, vowel, cons, or l, double letter and • You have failed the exam
4.Acción que ocurrió repetidamente antes de add (ed)exc: r, w, y
ahora * end in e, add (d)
* past. participle.
Present perfect 1. Acciones que iniciaron en el pasado y Have/haven’t= I, you, we, (+) Sujeto + Auxiliar + been+Verb(-ing) +Complement •
* ends in an e, add(ing)
I have been swimming all day
continúan en el presente they (-) Sujeto + Auxiliar + not + been+Verb(-ing) • I have been working hard
continuous
2. Acciones que empezaron y terminaron en * end in ie, add (y+ing) +Complement
Has/hasn’t= he, she, it
el pasado, pero cuyos resultados * cons, vowel, cons, double letter and add (?) Auxiliar + Sujetc + been+Verb(-ing) +Complement?
continúan en el presente (ing)exc: r, w, y

* base form, add (ing)

Conditional Expresa situaciones hipotéticas en el presente Would Infinitive (+) Sujetc + auxiliar would + verbo en infinitivo + • I would have a hamburger if I
complemento wasn't vegetarian
que sucederían de no ser por una situación que (-) Sujetc + auxiliar would + not + verbo en infinitivo + • I would go to London.
complemento
lo impide. Su estructura es esta:
(?) Auxiliar would + Sujetc + verbo en infinitivo +
complemento

Conditional Expresa una acción o situación inacabada o Would + be * ends in an e, add(ing) (+) Subject + Would +be + verb(ing) + complement • I would be living
* end in ie, add (y+ing) • You wouldn't be living
continuos continua, que es el resultado probable de una * cons, vowel, cons, double letter and (-) Subject + Would+ not +be + verb(ing) + complement
add (ing)exc: r, w, y
condición irreal. (?) Would + Subject +be + verb(ing) + complement?
* base form, add (ing)

Simple past 1.Una acción que comenzó y terminó en el pasado, Did * Consonant+y, add (ied), exc: ay, ey, oy, add (+) pronoun + verb in past + complement • They lost the keys
en un tiempo determinado. (ed) • I practiced yesterday
(-) pronoun + Did + not + infinitive verb +
2.Una acción que ocurrió a lo largo de un período de * regulars verbs, add (ed) • You did exercise
tiempo, pero se completó en el pasado. * ends cons, vowel, cons, or l, double letter and add complement • He became an actor
3.Una actividad que ocurrió regularmente en el (ed)exc: r, w, y (?) Did + Subject + infinitive verb + complement +? • She watched TV last night
pasado. * end in e, add (d)
past simple

Past 1.Acción específica que ocurre en el momento. Was/wasn`t= I, he, she, it (+) Subject + Was/Were + verb(ing) + complement
* ends in an e, add(ing) • It was doing too wind
continuous 2.Actividad general que ocurre a lo largo de un Were/weren’t= you, we, they
período de tiempo. * end in ie, add (y+ing) (-) Subject + Was/Were + not + verb(ing) + complement • We were meeting at the club
3.Planes a futuro cercano * cons, vowel, cons, double letter and add • You were dancing the last weekend
(ing)exc: r, w, y (?) Was/Were+ Subject + verb(ing) + complement +?
• They were counting the stars
* base form, add (ing)
• I was going to the park
Past perfect 1.Una acción pasada que ocurrió antes de otra Had (+) Subject + Had + Verb(ed) + •
* Consonant+y, add (ied), exc: ay, ey, oy,
You had studied other topic
acción. add (ed) Complement • He had talked with me
2.Una acción que se suponía ocurriría en el •
pasado * regulars verbs, add (ed) (-) Subject + Had + not + Verb(ed) +
She had arrived late
• It had stayed here
* ends cons, vowel, cons, or l, double letter and Complement
• We had played basketball
add (ed)exc: r, w, y

* end in e, add (d)

(?) To have + Subject + Verb(ed) + Complement + ?

* past. participle.
 Past perfect 1.Expresar una acción que inició en el pasado y Has been
* ends in an e, add(ing) (+) Sujetc + verbo auxiliar (had been) + verbo –ing + • She had been waiting for us
continuous se desarrolló durante algún tiempo hasta que complement • I had been working here since I
otra acción la interrumpió. * end in ie, add (y+ing)
(-) Sujetc + had not been + verbo –ing + complement graduated.
2. Indicar una acción del pasado que provocó * cons, vowel, cons, double letter and add (?)Had + Sujetc + been + verbo –ing + complement
otra, también en el pasado. (ing)exc: r, w, y +?
* base form, add (ing)
Conditional Sirve para expresar acciones que pudieron haber Would + Have/haven’t= I, you, * past. participle. (+) Sujetc + auxiliar would + have/has + verbo en • I would have gone to the doctor
perfect ocurrido, pero no sucedieron por alguna razón. we, they participio + complement if I was feeling sick.
Has/hasn’t= he, she, it (-) Sujeto + auxiliar would + not + have/has + verbo • I would not have gone to the
en participio + complemento doctor if I felt well.

(?)Auxiliar would + sujeto + have/has + verbo en

participio + complement
Conditional Al igual que el condicional perfecto, expresa Would + Have/haven’t = I, (+) Sujeto + auxiliar would + have/has been + • Her high school love would have
perfect situaciones que hubieran ocurrido, pero tienen you, we, they complement been waiting for her all his life.
continuos un tiempo de duración mayor. /Has/hasn’t= he, she, it + been • Her high school love would not
(-) Sujeto + auxiliar would + not + have/has been +
complemento have been waiting for her all
his life.
(?)Auxiliar would + sujeto + have/has been +
complemento
Simple future utilizamos generalmente para expresar Will Infinitive (+) Subject + Will + Verb + complement • You will show this homework
acciones o hechos que sucederán en un tiempo • They will pay attention to the
posterior al momento presente (-) Subject + Will + not + verb + complement teacher
• I will study laws
(?) Will + Subject + verb + complement +?
• You will tell the truth
• He will sing in a concert
Future presnt 1. Visualizar acciones que continuarán por Have been * ends in an e, add(ing) (+) Sujetc+ will + have been + verbo con terminación en – • This weekend will have been
continuos un periodo determinado, o hasta un * end in ie, add (y+ing) ing + complemento studying Arts. for five years.
momento específico en el futuro. * cons, vowel, cons, double letter and add (--) Sujetc + will not (won’t) + have been + verbo con
2. Inferir las consecuencias de una acción en (ing)exc: r, w, y terminación en –ing + complemento
el futuro. * base form, add (ing) (?)Will + sujeto + have been + verbo con terminación en –
ing + complemento +?
Simple Future Se quiere hacer referencia al futuro Going to Infinitive (+) Subject + To be + Going to + Verb + complement • She is going to travel to
“Going to” inmediato, es decir, a algo que está por London
(-) Subject + To be + not + Going to + verb + complement
ocurrir • It is going to rain all night
(?) To be + Subject + Going to + verb + complement +?
• We are going to walk away
• You are going to win the race
• They are going to dance salsa
 Future Narra acciones temporales y eventos que Wiil be * ends in an e, add(ing)
Continuos continuaran desarrollándose en un momento
* end in ie, add (y+ing)
en particular en el futuro
* cons, vowel, cons, double letter and
add (ing)exc: r, w, y
* base form, add (ing)
Future Perfect expresar acciones concluidas, ya sea en un Will Have *Consonant+y, add (ied), exc: ay, ey, oy,
punto específico del tiempo o antes de que otras add (ed)
acciones comiencen *regulars verbs, add (ed)
*ends cons, vowel, cons, or l, double letter
and add (ed)exc: r, w, y
*end in e, add (d)
*past. participle.
(+) Subject + Will be + verb(ing) + complement • I will be doing exercise all night
•
You will be practicing
(-) Subject + Will not + be + verb(ing) + complement swimming
• He will be studying English
(?) Will be + Subject + verb(ing) + complement +?
• She will be looking it
• It will be there all months
(+) Subject + Will + have + Verb(ed) + Complement • We will have won the
(-) Subject + Will + not + Have + Verb(ed) + Complement competition
(?) Will + Subject + Have + Verb(ed) + Complement • You will have got the prize
• They will be run all the park
• I will have finished this
homework
• You will have got the best mark