Plan Training Sessions

`
Sector : AGRI-FISHERY SECTOR
Qualification Title: AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC II
Unit of Competency: Perform nursery operations

Module Title: Performing Nursery Operations
MMS Development Training Center Corporation

2nd & 3rd Floor Villahermosa Building , G. Lavina Avenue
Sayre Highway, Valencia City, Bukidnon
Email Add: tvimmsvalencia.mmsdtcc@gmail.com
Contact No. +63 9063060546; +63 9089426410
Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Agricultural Crops February 27, 2024 Issued by:
Production NC 1I Date Revised:
MMS
Developed by: Page 1 of 30
Perform Nursery Analiza T. Development
Operations Labores-Bowes Training Center
Revision # 0
Plan
Training
Session

Agricultural Crops February 27, 2024 Issued by:
Production NC 1I Date Revised:
MMS
Developed by: Page 1 of 30
Perform Nursery Analiza T. Development
Operations Labores-Bowes Training Center
Revision # 0
Data Gathering Instrument for Trainee’s Characteristics
Please answer the following instrument according to the
characteristics described below. Encircle the letter of your choice that best
describes you as a learner. Blank spaces are provided for some data that
need your response.
Characteristics of learners
Language, Average grade in: Average grade in:

literacy and English Math
numeracy (LL&N)
a. 95 and above a. 95 and above
b. 90 to 94 b. 90 to 94
c. 85 to 89 c. 85 to 89
d. 80 to 84 d. 80 to 84
a. 75 to 79 e. 75 to 79
Cultural and Ethnicity/culture:

language a. Cebuano
background
b. Ilocano
c. Ilonggo
d. Muslim
e. Tagalog
f. Indigenous People (Specify) _____________
g. Others (Specify)_____________
Education & Highest Educational Attainment:

general a. High School
knowledge
b. High School Graduate
c. College Level
d. College Graduate
e. with units in Master’s degree
f. Masteral Graduate
g. With units in Doctoral Level
h. Doctoral Graduate
i. Others (Please Specify): ____________
Sex a. Male
Agricultural Crops February 27, Issued by:
2024
Production NC 1I
Date Revised:
MMS
Perform Nursery Developed by: Development Page 2 of 85
Operations Analiza T. Training
Labores-Bowes Center
Revision # 01
b. Female
Age Your age: _____
Physical ability 1. Disabilities(if any)_____________________
2. Existing Health Conditions (Existing illness
if any)
a. None
b. Asthma
c. Heart disease
d. Anemia
e. Hypertension
f. Diabetes
g. Others(please specify) ___________________
a. Farmer/Grower
Previous
experience with b. Nursery Operator
the topic c. Farm Laborer
d. Farm Aide
e. Farm Caretaker
f. Others (Specify)__________________
a. Internship/ Immersion in various farm
Previous
learning schools
experience b. Seminar on Agro-entrepreneurship
c. Seminar on Grains Production
d. Seminar on Horticulture
e. Vegetables production management
seminar
f. Webinar on Pest Management
g. No. of hours _______
a. Agriculture Crops Production NC1
Training Level
completed b. ______________________
a. BS Agriculture
Special courses
b. BS Agricultural Education
c. BS Agriculture Extension
d. BS Agriculture Engineering
e. Organic Agriculture Production NC11
f. Others(Specify) ____________________
Learning styles a. Visual - The visual learner takes mental

pictures of information given, so in order
for this kind of learner to retain
2024
Production NC 1I
Date Revised:
MMS
Revision # 01
information, oral or written, presentations

of new information must contain diagrams
and drawings, preferably in color. The
visual learner can't concentrate with a lot
of activity around him and will focus better
and learn faster in a quiet study
environment.
b. Kinesthetic - described as the students in
the classroom, who have problems sitting
still and who often bounce their legs while
tapping their fingers on the desks. They are
often referred to as hyperactive students
with concentration issues.
c. Auditory- a learner who has the ability to
remember speeches and lectures in detail
but has a hard time with written text.
Having to read long texts is pointless and
will not be retained by the auditory learner
unless it is read aloud.
d. Activist - Learns by having a go
e. Reflector - Learns most from activities
where they can watch, listen and then
review what has happened.
f. Theorist - Learns most when ideas are
linked to existing theories and concepts.
g. Pragmatist - Learns most from learning
activities that are directly relevant to their
situation.
Other needs a. Financially challenged
b. Working student
c. Solo parent
d. Others(Specify) _____________________
FORM 1.1 SELF-ASSESSMENT CHECK
INSTRUCTIONS: This Self-Check Instrument will give the trainer necessary

data or information which is essential in planning training
sessions. Please check the appropriate box of your answer
to the questions below.
2024
Production NC 1I
Date Revised:
MMS
Revision # 01
CORE COMPETENCIES
CAN I…? YE NO
S
1. PERFORM NURSERY OPERATIONS
1.1 Prepare nursery tools, farm implements and √
simple equipment
1.2 Maintain nursery facilities √
1.3 Handle seeds/planting material √
1.4 Prepare growing media √
1.5 Conduct propagation activities √
2. PLANT CROPS
2.1 Prepare land for planting √
2.2 Conduct field lay-out √
2.3 Dig holes √
2.4 Perform direct seeding √
2.5 Transplant seedlings √
3. CARE AND MAINTAIN CROPS
3.1 Apply pest control measure √
3.2 Apply fertilizer √
3.4 Water crops √
3.5 Perform physical growth-enhancing practices √
4. CARRY-OUT HARVEST AND POSTHARVEST OPERATIONS
4.1 Perform pre – harvest operations √
4.2 Perform harvesting activity √
4.3 Perform postharvest operation √
4.4 Monitor storage pest and diseases √
Note: In making the Self-Check for your Qualification, all required competencies
should be specified. It is therefore required of a Trainer to be well- versed
of the CBC or TR of the program qualification he is teaching.
Evidences/Proof of Current Competencies

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Production NC 1I
Date Revised:
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Revision # 01
Form 1.2: Evidence of Current Competencies acquired related to
Job/Occupation
Current
Proof/Evidence Means of validating
competencies
PLANT CROPS Certificate of Training Submitted authenticated
from any Farmer’s copy of Certificate of
Cooperative Training from any
farmer’s cooperative
CARE AND Actual demonstration on Evaluation of

MAINTAIN applying pest control demonstration from
CROPS measure, applying applying pest control
fertilizer, and perform measure, applying
pruning. fertilizer, and perform
pruning
CARRY-OUT Certificate of Participation Submitted authenticated
HARVEST AND on carry-out harvest and copy of Participation
POSTHARVEST postharvest operations certificate on carry-out
OPERATIONS harvest and postharvest
operations

2024
Production NC 1I
Date Revised:
MMS
Revision # 01
Identifying Training Gaps
From the accomplished Self-Assessment Check (Form 1.1) and the

evidences of current competencies (Form 1.2), the Trainer will be able to
identify what the training needs of the prospective trainee are.
Form 1.3 Summary of Current Competencies Versus Required

Competencies
Required Units of Current Training

Competency/Learning Competencies Gaps/Requireme
Outcomes based on CBC nts
1. PERFORM NURSERY OPERATIONS
Prepare nursery
Prepare nursery tools,
tools, farm
farm implements and
implements and
simple equipment
simple equipment
Maintain nursery
Maintain nursery facilities
facilities
Handle
Handle seeds/planting
seeds/planting
material
material
Prepare growing
Prepare growing media
media
Conduct
Conduct propagation
propagation
activities
activities
Required Units of Current Training

Competency/Learning Competencies Gaps/Requireme
Outcomes based on CBC nts
2. PLANT CROPS
Prepare land for
Prepare land for planting
planting
Conduct field
Conduct field lay-out
lay-out
Dig holes Dig holes

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Production NC 1I
Date Revised:
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Revision # 01
Perform direct
Perform direct seeding
seeding
Transplant seedlings Transplant
seedlings
3. CARE AND MAINTAIN CROPS
Apply pest control Apply pest

measure control measure
Apply fertilizer Apply fertilizer

Water crops Water crops
Perform pruning Perform pruning
Perform physical
Perform physical growth- growth-
enhancing practices enhancing
practices
4. CARRY-OUT HARVEST AND POSTHARVEST OPERATIONS

Perform pre – harvest Perform pre –
operations harvest
operations
Perform harvesting Perform
harvesting
Operations
operations
Perform postharvest Perform
operation postharvest
operation
Monitor storage pest and Monitor storage
diseases pest and
diseases

2024
Production NC 1I
Date Revised:
MMS
Revision # 01
Using Form No.1.4, convert the Training Gaps into a Training Needs/
Requirements. Refer to the CBC in identifying the Module Title or Unit of
Competency of the training needs identified.
Form No. 1.4: Training Needs
Training Needs Module Title/Module of

Instruction
(Learning Outcomes)
1. Prepare nursery tools, farm
implements and simple equipment
2. Maintain nursery facilities
3. Handle seeds/planting material Performing Nursery
Operations
4. Prepare growing media
5. Conduct propagation activities

2024
Production NC 1I
Date Revised:
MMS
Revision # 01
SESSION PLAN
Sector : AGRI-FISHERY SECTOR
Qualification Title : AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC11
Unit of Competency : PERFORM NURSERY OPERATIONS
Module Title : PERFORMING NURSERY OPERATIONS
Learning Outcomes:
1. Prepare nursery tools, farm implements and simple equipment
3. Handle seeds/planting material
A. INTRODUCTION
This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to perform nursery operations for agricultural crops including
establishing nursery shed, preparation and handling of planting materials, preparation of growing media, transplanting
germinated seedlings and handling of nursery tools and equipment.
B. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
LO 1: Prepare nursery tools, farm implements and simple equipment
Learning Content Methods Presentation Practice Feedback Resources Time
Tools, Farm  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 15

implements, and  Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.1-1 on 1.1-1 on tools, farm answer key min
simple Equipment Discuss ion tools, Farm implements, and to 1.1-1 Digging tools:
 Multimedia implements, and simple Equipment Shovel
Agricultural Crops Production February 27, 2024 Issued by:
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Perform Nursery Operations
Analiza T. Labores-Bowes Training Center
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presentation/Ppt simple Spade
Equipment Rake
Digging bar
Rake
 Demonstration Perform Task Sheet Bolo 30
Evaluate
1.1-1 min
Performance Hole digger
Prepare different using
Tools, Farm performance Propagation
implements, and Criteria tools:
simple Equipment Checklist Sharp Budding
according to the 1.1-1 grafting Knife
work requirement Pruning shear
Cellophane/
Plastic wrap
Grafting wax
Dipple
Hand Fork
Hand cultivator
Hand Trowel
Harvesting
tools:
Sickle
Knife
Pruning Shear
Garden Scissor
Measuring
tools:
Measuring
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Tape
Ruler
Weighing Scale
Farm
implements:
Water pumps
Hand tractor
Plow
Harrow
Sprayer
LCD/ laptop
and projector
Basic pre-operative  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10
checking of tools,  Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.1-2 on 1.1-2 on Basic pre- answer key Min
farm implements Discussion Basic pre- operative checking to 1.1-2 Simple
and equipment operative checking of tools, farm Equipment
of tools, farm implements, and Wheel Barrow
implements and equipment Manual seeder
equipment Knapsack
Sprayer
 Demonstration Perform Task Sheet Evaluate Hand Spray 15
1.1-2 Performance Atomizer min
using
Perform basic pre- performance Spray gun
operative checking Criteria Hand Sprayer
of tools, farm Checklist
implements, and 1.1-2 Nursery
equipment in equipment:
Lawn mower
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accordance with Brush cutter
manufacturer’s Hand tractor
manual and GAP Mechanical
standard seeder
Water pump
Power sprayer
Chainsaw
Manufacturer’s
Manual
Tools procedure,  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10
and maintenance  Lectures/ 9rSheet No. 1.1-3 1.1-3 on Tools answer key Min
plan. Discussion on Tools procedure, and to 1.1-3 Simple
procedure, and maintenance plan Equipment
maintenance plan Wheel Barrow
Manual seeder
Knapsack
 Film Viewing Watch a video clip Sprayer 5 min
on Tools Hand Spray
procedure, and Atomizer
maintenance plan. spray gun
Evaluate
Perform Task Sheet Hand Sprayer
Performance
 Demonstration 1.1-3 on
using 15
Nursery
Segregating and performance min
equipment:
treatment of wear Criteria
Lawnmower
and corrosive tools Checklist
Brush cutter
according to 1.1-3
Hand tractor
maintenance plan
Mechanical
and procedures.
seeder
NC 1I Date Revised:
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Water pump
Power sprayer
Chainsaw
User’s Manual
GAP Standard
guidelines
LCD/ laptop
and projector
LO 2: Maintain nursery facilities
Nursery Facilities  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

management  Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.2-1 on 1.2.1 nursery answer key Nursery min
Discussion Nursery facilities facilities to 1.2-1 Materials:
Management Labels
Soil and Plant
 Demonstration Perform Task Sheet Evaluate
1.2-1 Performance container 30
Seedling tray min
using
Perform nursery
performance Plastic net
sanitation, repair Grafting wax
Criteria
and maintenance Tying and
Checklist
according to GAP wrapping
1.2-1
standard. material
Record book
NC 1I Date Revised:
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Irrigation
system and
parts
Sanitation and
Maintenance
plan/manual
according to
GAP standard
Preventive and  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 15
Safety measure  Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.2-2 on 1.2-2 on Safety and answer key Personal Min
practices Discussion Preventive and Preventive measure to 1.2-2 protective
Safety measure practices equipment
practices (PPE:
Perform Task Sheet Mask 15
 Demonstration Evaluate
1.2-2 Gloves min
Performance
Apply preventive using Goggles
measures for performance Hair
inclement weather Criteria Net/cap/bonne
and safety measure Checklist t
practices according 1.2-2 Face
to OSHS mask/shield
Ear muffs
Apron/Gown/
coverall/jump
suit
Anti-static
NC 1I Date Revised:
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suits
Philippine
Occupational
Safety and
Health
Standards
DOLE
regulations on
safety legal
requirements
ECC regulation
3: Handle seeds/ planting material

Planting Materials  Lectures/ Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 20
Discussion Sheet No. 1.3-1 on 1.3-1 on Planting answer key min
 Illustration Learning Materials to 1.3-1 Seeds
Materials Suckers
Tissue cultured
Perform Task Sheet Evaluate plantlets
Watch video clip 1.3-1 Performance Cuttings 10
 Film Viewing
on planting using Rhizome min
Prepare different
materials performance Corm
kinds of planting
Criteria Grafted
materials according
Checklist material
to kinds and
NC 1I Date Revised:
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varieties 1.3-1 Tuber
Runner/Stolon
Bulb
Characteristics of  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

Quality Seeds  Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.3-2 on 1.3-2 on answer key LCD/Overhead min
Discussion Characteristics Characteristic of to 1.3-2 projector and
 Multi-media Quality seeds Quality seeds laptop
Presentation/ppt
Evaluate Different kinds 20

 Demonstration Perform Task Sheet Performance of Seeds that min
1.3-2 using are damaged
performance free, viable,
Select quality seeds
Criteria and free from
according to
Checklist mixture.
prescribed
1.3-2
characteristic
Seed Testing  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

 Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.3-3 on 1.3-3 on Seed answer key Rag doll Min
Discussion Seed Testing Testing to 1.3-3 method:
Hand towel
Tissue paper
Hand spray 20
 Demonstration Perform Task Sheet Evaluate Clean water min
1.3-3 Performance Seeds
using Petri dish:
Conduct seed
NC 1I Date Revised:
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testing to performance Tissue paper
determine the Criteria Seeds
percentage Checklist Hand spray
germination 1.3-3
according with the Seed bed
standard Seedling tray
procedures
Growing media
Seed Treatment  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10
 Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.3-4 on 1.3-4 on Seed answer key Laboratory Min
Discussion Seed Treatment treatment to 1.3-4 equipment:
 Multi-media
presentation Test tube
Thermometer
 Film viewing Watch a video clip PH Meter
on Seed treatment 5
Beaker Min
Graduated
 Demonstration Perform Task Sheet Evaluate cylinder
1.3-4 Performance 15
Soil sampler
Perform seed using min
treatment following performance Petri Dish
the standard Criteria Magnifying
protocol Checklist glass
1.3-4
Test Tube Rack
Compare
answer key PPE
to 1.3-4 Mask
NC 1I Date Revised:
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Gloves
Goggles
Evaluate Hair
Performance Net/cap/bonne
using t
performance Face
Criteria mask/shield
Checklist
1.3-4 Apron/Gown/
coverall/jump
suit
Fungicide
NaCl(1%)
KH2PO4(1%)
Formaldehyde
LCD/Overhead
projector and
laptop
Seed scarification  Lectures/ Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10
Discussion Sheet No. 1.3.5 on 1.3-5 on Seeds answer key Chemical Min
 Self-paced Seed scarification treatment, testing, to 1.3-5 scarification:
and scarification Strong sulfuric
acid
Perform Task Sheet Organic 20

 Demonstration Evaluate
1.3-5 Performance solvents min
NC 1I Date Revised:
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Perform seed using (acetone or
scarification, for performance alcohol)
germination Criteria Physical
purposes based on Checklist Scarification:
types of crop 1.3-5 Sharp knife
Cutter
Sandpaper
Metal Nail file
Boiling water
LCD/Overhead
projector and
laptop
LO 4: Prepare growing media
Growing media  Lectures/ Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10
Sheet No. 1.4-1 on 1.4-1 on Growing answer key Organic
Discussion soil min
growing media media to 1.4-1 amendments:
mixture
Animal manure
Bark 40
 Demonstration Perform Task sheet Evaluate min
Peat moss
1.4-1 Performance
using
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Prepare growing performance Saw dust
media mixture Criteria Coco coir
according to Checklist
prescribed mixture 1.4-1 Rice
and crop hull/carbonize
requirements. d rice hull
Compost
Inorganic soil
amendments:
Garden soil
River sand
Perlite
Vermiculite
Growing media  Lecture/ Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

containers Discussion Sheet No. 1.4-2 on 1.4-2 on Growing answer key Labels Min
 Interaction Growing media media containers to 1.4-2
containers Marker
according to Polyethylene 10
 Demonstrate varieties/species. Perform Task sheet Evaluate bags
1.4-2 Performance min
using Clay pots
Prepare growing
performance Plastic
media containers,
Criteria containers
and place, arrange,
Checklist
and label according
NC 1I Date Revised:
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to varieties/ 1.4-2 Seed tray
species. Seed box
Wired basket
Biodegradable
Pots
Cell tray
Root
Trainers/Air
pruning pots
Grow bags
Seedbed  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10
 Lecture/ Sheet No. 1.4-3 on 1.4-3seedbed answer key Rake min
Discussion Types of Seedbed to 1.4-3
 Interaction Shovel
Spade
1
Grab Hoe
Evaluate
Perform Job Sheet hour
 Demonstration Performance Pick mattock
1.4-3
using Hand trowel
Set-up a seedbed performance
based on crop Criteria Hand cultivator
species Checklist
1.4-3
LO 5: Conduct propagation activities

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Nursery shed  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBL 10
 Discussion Sheet No. 1.5.1 on 1.5.1 on nursery answer key Farm nursery min
nursery shed shed to 1.5.1
Nursery
materials:
 Demonstration Perform Job Sheet Evaluate Garden net 2
1.5-1 Performance
using Bamboo pole hours
Set-up nursery
performance Seedling tray
shed according to
Criteria and growing
plant requirements
Checklist container
1.5.1
Growing media
Planting
material
Plastic twine
Characteristic of  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 15
good quality  Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.5-2 on 1.5-2 on the answer key Min
Seedlings Discussion the characteristics characteristics of to 1.5.2
of good-quality good Quality Different fruits
seedlings seedlings seedling
Evaluate
 Film Viewing Watch video clip Perform Task Sheet Performance LCD/Overhead 5
on the selection of 1.5-2 projector and
using min
good quality laptop
Select a good performance
seedling based on quality seedlings Criteria
NC 1I Date Revised:
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the prescribed based on Checklist
characteristic prescribed 1.5.2
characteristic
Propagation  Lectures/ Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10
Materials Discussion Sheet No. 1.5-3 on 1.5-3 on answer key Min
 Multimedia propagation propagation to 1.5.3
presentation/ PPT materials materials
Plant Propagation  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 30

Techniques  Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.5-4 on 1.5-4 on Quality answer key Sharp knife min
Discussion Plant Propagation seeds to 1.5.4
 Multimedia Techniques Pruning shear
presentation Rooting
hormones
Evaluate Growing media 2
 Demonstration Performance
Perform Task Sheet hours
using Plastic wrap
1.5-4
Performance Cellophane
Perform plant Criteria
propagation based Checklist Any vegetative
on recommended 1.5.4 or reproductive
practices parts of the
plants
Seedling  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

Germination  Lectures/ Sheet No. 1.5-5 on 1.5-5 on seedling answer key Seedling tray Min
Discussion Seedling germination to 1.5.5
Germination Seeds

NC 1I Date Revised:
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Evaluate Growing media
Performance Growing
Perform Task Sheet 15
 Demonstration 1.5-5 using container min
performance
Perform seedlings Criteria
germination and Checklist
Maintain until fully 1.5.5
established
Methods of  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10
Pricking and  Lectures Sheet No. 1.5-6 on 1.5-6 on Quality answer key Nursery Min
thinning of /Discussion Methods of seeds to 1.5.6 seedlings
seedlings Pricking and
thinning of Dibber
seedlings Evaluate Garden snips
Performance 20
 Demonstration Perform Task Sheet
using Scissor
1.5-6 min
performance
Perform pricking Criteria
and thinning of Checklist
seedlings based on 1.5.6
recommended
practices
ASSESSMENT PLAN
 Demonstration
 Oral interview
 written test

NC 1I Date Revised:
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D. TEACHER’S SELF-REFLECTION OF THE SESSION (documentation during the conduct of training)
1. With an established positive classroom atmosphere, the trainees enjoyed our discussions, interactions and activities
including the actual demonstration.
2. Utilizing tangible objects and technology in my teaching instruction, enriches and deepens my trainees' understanding of
the subject.

NC 1I Date Revised:
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PARTS OF A COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
References/Further Reading
Performance Criteria Checklist

Operation/Task/Job Sheet
Self Check Answer Key
Self Check
Information Sheet
Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome Summary
Module
Module Content
Content
Module
List of Competencies
Content
Module Content
Module Content
Front Page
In our efforts to standardize CBLM,
the above parts are recommended for
use in Competency Based Training
(CBT) in Technical Education and
Skills Development Authority (TESDA)
Technology Institutions. The next
sections will show you the
components and features of each part.
Date Developed: Document No. NTTA-TM1-07

Trainers July 2010 Issued by:
Methodology Level I Date Revised:
February 2012 Page 27 of 28
Developed by: NTTA
Templates NTTA
Revision # 01
Competency-Based Learning Materials
Performing Nursery Operations
Competency-based Date Developed: Document No.

Learning Material for April 2020
Agricultural Crops Page 28 of
Production NC II Developed by: Issued by: 111
Module Title: Jinky T. Umali Revision No.

SSVTC Performing Nursery
Operations
HOW TO USE THIS COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIAL
Welcome to the module in Performing Nursery Operations. This

module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “Perform Nursery Operations” covers the

knowledge, skills, and attitudes required to complete so as to qualify you in
the National Certification in AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC II.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order

to complete each learning outcome of the module. Each of the learning
outcomes is provided with Information Sheets. Follow these activities on
your own and answer the self-check at the end of each learning outcome.
You may remove a blank answer sheet at the end of each module (or get
the answer sheets from the facilitator) to write the answers for each self-
check. If you have questions, don’t hesitate to ask your facilitator for
assistance.
RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING (RPL)
You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills
covered in this learner’s guide because you have:
 Been working for some time.
 Already completed training in this area.
If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a

particular skill or skills, talk to the facilitator about having them formally
recognized so you do not have to do the same training again. If you have
qualification or Certificate of Competency from the previous trainings, show
it to the facilitator. If the skills you acquired are still current and relevant to
the unit/s of competency they may become part of the evidence you can
present for RPL. If you are not sure about the currency of your skills,
discuss this with your facilitator.
At the end of this module is a Learner’s Diary. Use the diary to

record important dates, jobs undertaken and other workplace events that
will assist you in providing further details to your facilitator/ assessor. A
Record of Achievement is also provided by your facilitator to complete once
you complete the module.


Operations
This module was prepared to help you achieve the required
competency in Performing Nursery Operations. This will be the source of
information for you to acquire knowledge and skills in this particular trade
independently and at your own pace, with minimum supervision or help
from your instructor.
 Talk to your facilitator and agree on how you will both organize
the Training of this unit. Read through the module carefully. It
is divided into sections, which cover all the skills and knowledge
you need to complete this module.
 Work through all the information and complete the activities in
each section. Read information sheets and complete self-check.
Suggested references are included to supplement the materials
provided in this module.
 Most probably your facilitator will be your supervisor or
manager. Your facilitator will support and correct you.
 Your facilitator will tell you about the important things you need
to consider when you are completing activities and it is
important that you listen and take notes.
 You will be given plenty of opportunities to ask questions and
practice on the job. Make sure you practice new skills during
regular work shifts. This way you will improve both your speed
and memory and also your confidence.
 Talk to more experienced workmates and ask for their guidance.
 Use the self-check questions at the end of each section to test
your own progress.
 When you are ready, ask your facilitator to watch you perform
the activities outlined in this module.
 Ask you to work through the activities; ask for written feedback
on your progress. Your facilitator keeps feedback/ pre-
assessment reports for this reason. When you have completed
each element, ask the facilitator to mark on the reports that you
are ready for assessment.
 When you have completed this module, and feel confident that
you have had sufficient practice, your facilitator will arrange an
appointment with registered assessor to assess you. The results
of your assessment will be recorded in your competency
Achievement Record.


Operations
AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC II
COMPETENCY-BASED LEARNING MATERIALS
List of Competencies
No. Unit of Competency Module Title Code

Perform nursery Performing Nursery AFF 610301
1. Operations Operations
2. Plant Crops Planting Crops AFF 610302
Care and Maintain Crops Caring and Maintaining Crops AFF 610303
3.
Carry-out Harvest and Carrying-out Harvest and
4. AFF 610304
Post-Harvest Operations Post-Harvest Operations


Operations
MODULE CONTENT
UNIT OF COMPETENCY: Perform Nursery Operations
MODULE TITLE: Performing Nursery Operations
MODULE DESCRIPTOR:
This unit covers the knowledge, skills and attitudes required to

perform nursery operations for agricultural crops including establishing
nursery shed, preparation and handling of planting materials, preparation of
growing media, transplanting germinated seedlings and handling of
nursery tools and equipment.
NOMINAL DURATION: 260 Hours
LEARNING OUTCOMES:
At the end of this module you MUST be able to:
1. Prepare nursery tools, farm implements and simple equipment

3. Handle seeds/planting materials
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
1. Tools, farm implements and simple equipment are prepared
according to work requirements.
2. Basic pre-operative checking of tools, farm implements and
equipment is performed in accordance with manufacturer’s manual
and GAP standard.


Operations
3. Tools with wear and corrosions are segregated and treated according
to maintenance plan and procedures
4. Maintained nursery sanitation according to GAP standard.
5. Repair and maintenance of nursery facilities are performed to
maximize their efficiency and effectiveness.
6. Preventive measures are applied for inclement weather.
7. Safety measures are observed and practiced according to OHS.
8. Planting materials are determined according to kinds and varieties.
9. Selected quality seeds according to prescribed characteristics.
10. Performed seed testing to determine percentage germination of the
seed stock in accordance with the standard procedures.
11. Growing media are prepared according to prescribed mixture.
12. Growing media are placed in prescribed containers according to crop
requirements.
13. Containers are arranged and labelled according to varieties/species.
14. Seedbed is prepared based on crop species.
15. Nursery shed is set-up according to plant requirement.
16. Quality seedlings are selected based on prescribed characteristics.
17. Propagation materials are selected according to propagation activity.
18. Plant propagation techniques are performed based on recommended
practices.
19. Germinated seedlings are maintained until fully established.
20. Pricking and thinning of seedlings are performed based on
recommended practices.
21. Proper use of PPE and observation of OHS is performed.


Operations
LEARNING OUTCOME NO. 4: PREPARE GROWING MEDIA
Contents:
1. Growing media
2. Growing media containers
3. Seedbed
Assessment Criteria
1. Growing media are prepared according to prescribed mixture.

2. Growing media are placed in prescribed containers according to crop
requirements.
3. Containers are arranged and labeled according to varieties/species.
4. Seedbed is prepared based on crop species.
Conditions
The participants will have access to:
1. Shed/greenhouse
2. Growing media: garden soil, peat moss, saw dust, coco coir, rice hull,
CRH, compost, river sand, animal manure, etc.
3. Containers: polyethylene bags, clay pots, plastic containers, seed trays,
seed box, coconut husk, wired basket
4. Nursery tools: shovel, hand trowel, bolo, knife, spade, wheel barrow, etc.
5. Nursery supplies/materials: growth promoters, poly bags, crates, etc.

References (GAP, OSHS, HACCP Manuals, etc.)
Assessment Method:
 Demonstration
 Oral interview
 written test


Operations
Learning Experiences
Learning Outcome 4
Prepare Growing Media
Learning Activities Special Instructions
Read Information Sheet No. 1.4-1 In this Learning Outcome, you
on mixture of growing media should be able to prepare and
mixture present information about growing
media according to prescribe
Answer Self-Check 1.4-1 on
mixtures, growing media containers,
mixture of Growing media
and seedbed. In order to do this, you
need to:
Compare answer key to 1.4-1  Go through the Information
Perform Task Sheet 1.4-1 Sheets on CBLM
Prepare growing media mixture  Other material such as videos

and PowerPoint Presentation are
available for viewing to ensure an
Evaluate Performance using additional knowledge. Ask the
performance Criteria Checklist 1.4- assistance of the trainer in order to
1 watch the videos and PowerPoint
Presentation.
Read Information Sheet No. 1.4-2
on Growing media containers  Answer the Self-Checks to
ensure that knowledge of the
Answer Self-Check 1.4-2 on
standards in Competency-Based
Growing media containers
Training is acquired. Compare
your answers with the Answer
Compare answer key to 1.4-2 Keys. If you have a wrong answers,
read again the part in the
Perform Task Sheet 1.4-2 information sheet where you can
Transfer growing media mixture find the correct answer. You must
and place, arrange and label answer all the questions correctly
prescribed containers before proceeding to the next
activity.
Evaluate Performance using  Perform the Task Sheet and the
performance Criteria Checklist 1.4- Job Sheet to practice your skills.
2 Evaluate your performance using
the Performance Checklists.
Read Information Sheet No. 1.4-3
on Types of Seedbed  When you are ready, present
your output to your trainer. Don’t
Answer Self-Check 1.4-3 seedbed forget to document your output
because this will be a part of your
portfolio for the institutional
Compare answer key to 1.4-3
Competency-based
CompetencyDocument
Date Developed:
Evaluation.
No.
Perform Job Sheet 1.4-3 Prepare
 If you have questions, do Page not
seedbed based on crop speciesCrops
Agricultural 35 of
Production NC II hesitate
Developed by: to ask your trainer.
Issued by: 111

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After doing all activities of this
Evaluate Performance using
LO, you are ready to proceed to
performance Criteria Checklist 1.4-
the next LO.
3


Operations
Information Sheet 1.4-1
GROWING MEDIA
Learning Objectives:
After reading this INFORMATION SHEET, YOU MUST be able to:
1. Understand specific terms and concepts related to growing media
2. Enumerate the function of growing media.
3. Determine key components of organic and inorganic growing media
amendments and explain the purpose of each component.
4. Understand the importance of soil Sterilization
5. Enumerate the characteristic of a quality growing media.
6. Evaluate the different environmental factors affecting growing media
INTRODUCTION
Growing media, also known as substrate, refers to the material used to

support plant growth. Unlike traditional soil, growing media are designed to
provide plants with essential nutrients, aeration, moisture retention, and
support without being overly compact. They can be composed of various
materials such as peat, coir, perlite, vermiculite, compost, and sand, tailored
to meet specific plant requirements. Growing media play a crucial role in
modern agriculture, horticulture, and urban gardening, offering flexibility,
control, and optimized growing conditions for plants in diverse settings.
SPECIFIC TERMS AND CONCEPT RELATED TO GROWING MEDIA
1. Substrate: The material or medium in which plants are grown, such as

soil, soilless mix, or hydroponic medium.
2. Growing Medium: The collective term for any material used to support
plant growth, including soil, peat moss, coco coir, perlite, vermiculite,
etc.
3. Soilless Mix: A growing medium that doesn't contain natural soil but
consists of a blend of organic and inorganic materials like peat moss,
perlite, and vermiculite.
4. Potting Mix: Specifically formulated
Competency-based
growing Document
Date Developed:
medium No. for container
gardening, often consisting offora mix
Learning Material Aprilof soil, organic matter, and additives
2020
like perlite or vermiculite.
5. Aeration: The process
ModuleofTitle:
increasing
Jinky T.air circulation
Umali within the growing
Revision No.
medium Performing Nursery
to ensure adequate oxygen supply to plant roots, commonly
SSVTC
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achieved by using aerating additives like perlite or vermiculite.
6. Nutrient Solution: A liquid mixture containing essential nutrients for
plants, used in hydroponic systems to provide nutrients directly to the
roots.
7. pH Level: A measure of the acidity or alkalinity of the growing medium,
critical for nutrient availability and plant health.
8. Moisture Retention: The ability of the growing

medium to retain water for plant uptake, often
influenced by components like peat moss, coir, or
moisture-retaining additives.
9. Amendment: Any substance added to the growing

medium to improve its physical or chemical
properties, such as compost, lime, gypsum, or
organic fertilizers.
10. Moisture content: the conventional index used to determine the ratio
of the mass of water contained in the pore spaces of the soil mass of
particles in that material, expressed as a percentage.
11. Cation exchange capacity (CEC) is a useful indicator of soil fertility

because it shows the soil’s ability to supply three important plant
nutrient: calcium, magnesium and potassium.
FUNCTIONS OF GROWING MEDIA
1. Physical Support
The growing medium must be porous yet provide physical support.
Young plants are fragile and must remain upright so that they can
photosynthesize and grow. With larger nursery stock in individual
containers, a growing medium must be heavy enough to hold the
plant upright against the wind. Bulk density is the responsible factor and
will be discussed in the next section.
2. Aeration
Plant roots need a steady supply of oxygen to convert the
photosynthetic from the leaves into energy so that the roots can grow
and take up waterCompetency-based
mineral nutrients. The byproduct
Date Developed:
of this respiration is
Document No.
carbon dioxide which
Learningmust
Materialbe
for dispersed
April 2020 into the atmosphere to prevent
the buildup of toxic concentrations
Production NC II Developedwithin
by: the root
Issued by: zone. This111 gas
exchange occurs inModule
the Title:
large poresJinky T.(macropores)
Umali or air spaces in the
Revision No.
growing Performing
medium. Because
SSVTC Nursery
nursery plants grow rapidly, they need a
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medium with good porosity.
3. Water Supply
Nursery plants use a tremendous amount of water for growth and
development, and this water supply must be provided by the growing
medium. Growing media are formulated so that they can hold water in
the small pores (micropores) between their particles. Many growing
media contain a high percentage of organic matter such as peat moss
and compost because these materials have internal spaces that can hold
water like a sponge. Therefore, growing media must have adequate
porosity to absorb and store the large amounts of water needed by the
growing plant.
4. Supply of Mineral Nutrients

Most of the essential mineral nutrients that nursery plants need
for rapid growth must be obtained through the roots from the growing
medium. Most mineral nutrients are electrically charged ions. Positively
charged ions (cations) include ammonium nitrogen (NH4+), potassium
(K+), calcium (Ca+2), and magnesium (Mg+2). These cations are attracted
to negatively charged sites on growing medium particles up to the point
when the roots extract the cations. The capacity of a growing medium to
adsorb these cations is referred to as cation exchange capacity (CEC).
Different media components vary considerably in their CEC, but peat
moss, vermiculite, and compost have a high CEC value, which explains
their popularity in growing media.
COMPONENTS
Growing media components are either organic or inorganic. Organic

components include peat moss, bark, coconut coir, rice hulls, compost, and
animal manure. Inorganic components include perlite, vermiculite, sand,
river sand, and garden soil. Some of these components hold water within
their structures, while others hold little compared to other components.


Organic Soil Amendments
SSVTC Performingand Purpose
Nursery
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1. Bark
a byproduct of sawmills, bark is usually pine bark, must be aged and
composted before being used so that phytotoxic compounds are eliminated.
During composting, the pH of bark increases, thus it is recommended to
monitor the pH and nutrient changes in the media.
Purpose: Bark serves multiple purposes in

growing media, and enhances aeration,
drainage, pH regulator, and organic content. It
is particularly suitable for plants that require
well-draining, slightly acidic soil conditions
such as many ornamental plants, shrubs, and
trees.
2. Peat moss
is derived from sphagnum bogs and is a good source of humus for your
garden. Peat moss consists of fibrous organic material that retaines a
significant amount of water. It is usually sold in compressed bales ot bags.
Purpose: peat moss serves multiple purposes in

growing media, including water retention, aeration,
pH regulation, organic matter addition, and
supporting plant growth, particularly for moisture-
loving and acid-loving plant species.
3. Coir
Coconut coir, often referred to simply as coir, is a natural fiber derived from
the husk of coconuts. It is widely used as a growing medium or component
in growing media for various plants. Here's an overview of coconut
Fun Fact: It takes about a year from the minute coconut coir is extracted
from a coconut until it is ready to be used as a growing media.
Purposes: coconut coir serves multiple purposes

in growing media, including moisture retention,
aeration, pH neutrality, sustainability, organic
matter addition, and supporting plant growth
across a wide range of plant species. It is an eco-
friendly alternative to Competency-based
peat moss andDate is Developed:
favored by Document No.
many gardeners and horticulturists for its
beneficial properties. Production NC II Developed by: Issued by: 111

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4. Compost
Compost is a nutrient-rich organic material that results from the
decomposition of organic waste such as kitchen scraps, yard trimmings, and
plant matter. It is commonly used as a component in growing media or as a
soil amendment in gardening and agriculture. Decayed plant and animal
and provide lots of nutrient.
Purposes: Compost serves as a valuable addition to

growing media by providing nutrients, improving soil
structure, enhancing microbial activity, regulating
pH, reducing erosion, and promoting sustainability.
It is a natural and effective way to support healthy
plant growth while improving the overall health of
the soil or growing medium.
5. Rice hulls
Rice hulls (or husks) are a by-product produced during the milling of rice
(Oryza sativa) and are commonly considered a ‘waste product’ in many rice,
use as a soil amendment, typically in the form of compost production and
improve aeration of soil mixture.
Purposes: Rice hulls serve as a valuable

component in growing media by improving
aeration, drainage, and maintaining a lightweight
structure. They are particularly beneficial in
potting mixes, container gardening, and
hydroponic systems where aeration and water
management are crucial for plant health and
growth.

6. Manure (Animal-Based Amendment)
- Use livestock manure Module

mainlyTitle:as a slow-release
Jinky T. Umali fertilizer. That’s because it
Revision No.
contains most of the elements
Operations required for plant growth including nitrogen
and many other nutrients. It can also condition the soil, increasing
beneficial soil organisms and moisture retention
Organic waste produced by animals, such as cattle, horses, poultry, and
pigs. It is a valuable source of nutrients and organic matter that can be used
as a component in growing media or as a soil amendment in gardening and
agriculture.
Purposes: It's important to note that while animal
manure is beneficial for plant growth, proper
composting or aging is crucial to reduce the risk of
weed seeds, pathogens, and excess salts. Composted
or well-aged manure is safer and more effective for
use in growing media and gardening applications.
Inorganic Soil Amendments and Purpose
1. Vermiculite
Vermiculite is a micaceous mineral expanded by heating to 14000F. Sterile

and light in weight (6 to 8 lbs/cuft), this material is a hydrated magnesium-
aluminum-iron silicate, with high CEC and can be available commercially in
four grades where #2 and #3 are considered as best.
2. Perlite
Perlite is a gray-white siliceous volcanic rock, crushed and heated at 1400F

(~760 C). Sterile and light in weight (6 to 9lbs/cuft), this material is
absorbent, increases aeration and drainage but possesses no pH buffering
capacity. Perlite is available in three grades.
3. Sand
Very heavy in weight, sand is constituted of soil

particle between 0.05 and 2.0 mm in diameter
from the weathering of rocks. Therefore, it may
contain weed seeds and diseases, resulting in
the necessity to sterilize - steam-pasteurized
this media. It also contains very little nutrients,
decreases water holding capacity of soil media,
and has no buffering capacity, or CEC. When
combined with organicCompetency-based
media, it provides good
Date Developed: Document No.
drainage and aeration. Learning Material for April 2020

4. Garden Soil- Operations
This is topsoil, it has a heavier texture and holds water longer than potting
mixes. It’s more affordable than potting soil because it doesn’t have pricier
ingredients like perlite, vermiculite or moss. It’s mostly soil, and soil is dirt
cheap.
SOIL STERILIZATION
Soil Sterilization- the process of subjecting the soil to heat or chemicals to

protect your propagating material from the infection caused by soil borne
disease and to kill microorganism and other bacteria. It provides secure and
quick relief of soils from substances and organisms harmful to plants such
as: bacteria, viruses, fungi
Importance of Soil Sterilization

1. The depth of this microorganism due to sterilization helps to release
certain nutrient to the plant such as nitrate increases plant growth.
2. Soil sterilization reduces the population of micro-organisms that is
harmful to crop plant. It helps to control disease outbreak in the soil.
Methods of Soil Sterilization

1. Burning rice straw on soil surface
2. Application of fungicides, nematicides etc. Methyl bromide obtainable
in cans is a commonly used chemical for sterilizing soil. It is released
in gaseous form; thus, the soil should be covered with plastic sheet to
prevent the escape of chemical into the air. Forty percent (40%)
formaldehyde can be used to sterilize small amounts of soil at a rate of
one-half tbsp. in one cup of water.
3. Pouring of boiling water on bed/seedling trays
4. Sun drying
5. Drenching
CHARACTERISTIC OF GOOD A QUALITY GROWING MEDIA

Several factors play a crucial role in determining the quality of growing
media for plants. These factors are
Competency-based essential for
Date Developed: providing
Document No. the right
environment for plant growth, ensuring
Agricultural Crops proper nutrition, water retention,
Page 43 of
aeration, and overall health. Here are some key factors affecting the quality
of growing media: Module Title: Jinky T. Umali Revision No.
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1. Composition
The ingredients used in the growing media, such as peat, coco coir, perlite,
vermiculite, compost, and various amendments, greatly impact its quality.
The right balance of these components ensures proper water retention,
aeration, and nutrient availability.
2. pH Level
The pH level of the growing media is critical for nutrient availability to
plants. Different plants have different pH preferences, so maintaining an
appropriate pH range (usually slightly acidic to neutral) is important for
optimal growth.
3. Nutrient Content
Growing media should contain essential nutrients like nitrogen (N),
phosphorus (P), potassium (K), as well as micronutrients like iron,
magnesium, and calcium. Balanced nutrient content supports healthy plant
growth and development.
4. Water Retention and Drainage

The ability of the growing media to retain moisture while allowing excess
water to drain is crucial. It prevents waterlogging, which can lead to root rot,
and ensures plants have access to water when needed.
5. Aeration
Good quality growing media provides adequate oxygen to plant roots. This is
typically achieved through the use of materials like perlite, vermiculite, or
coarse sand that create air pockets within the media.
6. Texture and Structure

The texture and structure of the growing media influence root penetration,
nutrient uptake, and overall plant health. A well-structured media allows for
good root development and nutrient absorption.
7. Sterility and Disease Prevention

Growing media should be free from pathogens, weed seeds, and harmful
organisms that can affect plant health. Sterilization or pasteurization
processes are often used to ensure the media is clean and disease-free.

8. Consistency and Uniformity
Consistency in particle size, NC
Production moisture
II content,
Developed by: and nutrient
Issued by: distribution
111
throughout the growingModulemedia Title:promotes
Jinky T.uniform
Umali plant growth and reduces
Revision No.
variability SSVTC Performing
in plant performance. Nursery
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9. Environmental Sustainability
Using sustainable and renewable materials in growing media production is
becoming increasingly important. Practices that minimize environmental
impact, such as using recycled materials or peat alternatives, contribute to
overall quality.
10. Cost and Availability

While not directly related to quality, the cost and availability of growing
media can impact its practicality for large-scale or commercial use.
Balancing quality with cost-effectiveness is important for growers.
By considering these factors and choosing growing media that meets the
specific needs of plants, growers can create an optimal environment for
healthy growth and maximum yield.
PREPARATION OF A SUITABLE GROWING MEDIUM FOR SPECIFIC

PLANT TYPE
Preparing of a suitable growing medium, also known as potting mix or soil, is

crucial for the healthy growth of plants. Different plant types have varying
requirements, but here's a general guide on how to prepare a suitable
growing medium for common plant types like vegetables, herbs, and
flowering plants:
1. Ingredients
- Peat moss or coconut coir (for water retention)
- Perlite or vermiculite (for aeration)
- Compost or aged manure (for nutrients)
- Sand (optional, for drainage)
- pH adjusters if needed (like lime for acidic soil or sulfur for alkaline soil)
2. Mixing
- Start by mixing equal parts peat moss or coconut coir, perlite or
vermiculite, and compost or aged manure. For example, if you're using 1
gallon of peat moss, use 1 gallon each of perlite and compost.
- If you're using sand for improved drainage, you can add it at this stage.
Use about 1 part sand to 3 parts of the other ingredients.
- Mix the ingredients thoroughly in a large container or wheelbarrow until
well combined.
3. Adjusting pH
- Test the pH of your mixture using a soil pH testing kit. Different plants
thrive in different pH levels, so adjustDate
Competency-based accordingly.
Developed: Document No.
- If the pH is too acidic, add lime
Agricultural Cropsin small increments and mix well. If Page it's 45
too
of
alkaline, add sulfur following the same process.
- Re-test the pH until it Module

reachesTitle: the desired level for your
Jinky T. Umali specific
Revision No. plants.
Operations
4. Additional Amendments (Optional)
- Depending on the plant type, you may need to add specific amendments.
For example:
- For acid-loving plants like blueberries, add extra peat moss and sulfur to
lower the pH.
- For heavy feeders like tomatoes, add additional compost or a balanced
organic fertilizer.
- For herbs, you may add a bit more sand for improved drainage.
5. Moisture Level
- Before planting, ensure the moisture level of the mix is appropriate. It
should be moist but not soggy.
- Water the mix lightly and allow it to settle for a day or two before planting.
6. Maintenance
- Depending on the plant type, you may need to provide additional nutrients
during the growing season. This can be done through organic fertilizers or
compost tea.
- Regularly check for pests and diseases, and take appropriate measures if
needed to ensure plant health.
By following these steps and customizing the growing medium based on the
specific needs of your plants, you can create an ideal environment for them
to thrive and produce healthy yields or blooms.
Good Media Mixtures for Container Plants

 100% compost
 100% soil less mix
 25% garden soil + 75% compost
 25% soil less mix + 25% garden soil + 50% compost
 25% garden soil + 75% soil-less mix
 50% soil-less mix + 50% compost
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON THE EFFECTIVENES OF

GROWING MEDIA
Environmental factors play a significant role in determining the effectiveness

of different growing media for plant growth. Here's how various
environmental factors can impact the performance of growing media:
1. Temperature
Growing media temperature influences microbial activity, nutrient
availability, and plant metabolism. Warmer temperatures can accelerate
nutrient release from media
Learning but
Material for may also increase water evaporation,
April 2020
requiring more frequent irrigation.
Agricultural Crops Cold temperatures can slow microbial
Page 46 of
processes and nutrient uptake, affecting plant growth.
2. Humidity
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High humidity can lead to waterlogging and reduced oxygen availability in
growing media, which can impede root growth and cause root diseases. Low
humidity levels may increase water loss through evaporation, affecting plant
hydration and nutrient uptake.
3. Light Intensity and Duration
Growing media exposed to different light intensities and durations can affect
plant growth rates and nutrient requirements. Media in high-light
environments may dry out faster and require more frequent watering, while
low-light conditions can reduce photosynthesis and overall plant vigor.
4. Water Quality
The quality of water used for irrigation can impact the pH and nutrient levels
in growing media. High salt content in water can lead to soil salinity over
time, affecting nutrient uptake and plant health.
4. Air Quality
Poor air quality, such as high pollution levels or indoor environments with
limited air circulation, can affect plant growth in growing media. Plants may
struggle to access carbon dioxide for photosynthesis or may be exposed to
harmful pollutants that hinder their development.
5. Wind Exposure
Windy conditions can increase water evaporation from growing media,
leading to faster drying and potential water stress for plants. Strong winds
can also physically damage plants or dislodge growing media particles.
6. Seasonal Change
Growing media effectiveness can vary seasonally due to factors like
temperature fluctuations, day length, and precipitation patterns. Media that
perform well in one season may require adjustments or different
management practices in another season.
7. Pest and Disease Pressure
Environmental conditions can influence pest and disease activity in growing
media. Warm and humid environments may promote fungal diseases, while
drought stress can make plants more susceptible to pests.
By considering and adapting to these environmental factors, growers can

optimize the effectiveness of different growing media for plant growth and
health throughout changing environmental conditions


Operations
Self- Check 1.4-1
I. Multiple Choice
Direction: Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. What is the primary purpose of growing media in Agriculture?

a) To provide physical support to plants
b) To add aesthetic value to gardens
c) To deter pests and diseases
d) To improve air quality
2. Which of the following is a common component of soilless growing

media?
a) Garden soil
b) Peat moss
c) Sand
d) Clay
3. Which growing media has excellent water retention properties and is

often used for moisture-loving plants?
a) Perlite
b) Vermiculite
c) Coco coir
d) Sand
4. What is a benefit of using perlite in growing media?

a) It retains moisture well
b) It provides nutrients to plants
c) It improves drainage and aeration
d) It prevents weed growth
5. Which type of growing media is derived from decomposed plant

material and is rich in organic matter?
a) Sand
b) Clay
c) Peat moss
d) Vermiculite

6. What is an advantage of using
Learning Material for vermiculite
April 2020 in growing media?
Agricultural Crops
a) It adds acidity to the soil Page 48 of
b) It improves soil structure
Module
c) It increases water Title:
retention Jinky T. Umali Revision No.
d) It promotes rapid drainage
Operations
7. Which growing media is suitable for hydroponic systems where
plants grow without soil?
a) Perlite
b) Sand
c) Water gel beads
d) Potting soil
8. What is a potential drawback of using clay-based soils as growing

media?
a) Poor drainage
b) High acidity
c) Excessive nutrient content
d) Low water retention
9. Which of the following is a characteristic of a good growing media?

a) Low porosity
b) High compaction
c) Adequate aeration
d) Minimal water-holding capacity
10. Which growing media is often used in seed starting mixes due to its
fine texture and ability to hold moisture?
a) Sand
b) Perlite
c) Peat moss
d) Coco coir
11. What is an essential factor to consider when selecting growing

media for container gardening?
a) Color of the media
b) Weight of the media
c) pH level of the media
d) Brand name of the media
12. Which growing media is commonly used for air-layering

propagation techniques?
a) Perlite
b) Sand
c) Sphagnum moss
d) Vermiculite Competency-based Date Developed: Document No.
13. What is a common

Modulepurpose
Title: of adding
Jinky T. Umali compost to growing
Revision No. media?
a) To increasePerforming
SSVTC acidity Nursery
Operations
b) To improve drainage
c) To enhance nutrient content
d) To reduce soil compaction
14. Which growing media is suitable for succulent plants that require
excellent drainage?
a) Vermiculite
b) Peat moss
c) Perlite
d) Clay
15. What is a benefit of using coco coir as a growing media?

a) It has a low water-holding capacity
b) It decomposes rapidly
c) It is renewable and environmentally friendly
d) It has high compaction


Operations
ANSWER KEY 1.4-1
1. A
2. B
3. C
4. C
5. C
6. C
7. C
8. A
9. C
10. C
11. C
12. C
13. C
14. C
15. C


Operations
TASK SHEET 1.4-1
Title: Prepare growing media mixture
Performance Objective: Given the tools and materials, you should

be able to prepare growing media according to prescribed mixture
and crop requirements.
Supplies/Materials :
Organic components
 Compost
 Rice hull
Inorganic components
 River sand
 Garden soil
Tool :
 Hand trowel
 Spade
 Rake
 Wheelbarrow
 Container for mixing materials
 Mixing tub
Measuring and Testing tools

 Measuring cups or scales for accurate measurements
 pH meter or Moisture meter
Watering Equipment
 Water hose or watering can
 Hand spray
PPE’s
 Garden Gloves
 Dusk mask
 Long sleeves shirt
 Garden hat
Steps/Procedure:
1. Wear PPE’s: PPE like garden gloves, dust mask, long sleeves shirt and
garden hat should be worn before taking any steps in preparing
growing media
2. Competency-based
Gather Ingredients: Collect all the Datenecessary
ingredients for your
growing media mix.
3. Calculate Ratios: Determine the ratios or proportions of each
Module Title: Jinky T. Umali
component
SSVTC
basedPerforming
on your specific
Nursery
plant's needs,Revision
growing No. conditions,
and the desired characteristics

Operations of the growing media.
4. Prepare Mixing Area: Choose a clean and spacious area for mixing the
growing media. Use a sturdy mixing container, such as a
wheelbarrow, tub, or specialized mixing equipment, depending on the
quantity of media you are preparing.
5. Add Components: Begin by adding the components to the mixing
container according to the calculated ratios.
6. Mix Thoroughly: Use a shovel, rake, or mixing tool to thoroughly
blend the components together. Mix in a circular or back-and-forth
motion, ensuring that all components are evenly distributed
throughout the mixture. Continue mixing until you achieve a uniform
consistency.
7. Moisture Check: Check the moisture content of the growing media by
squeezing a handful. It should be moist but not dripping wet. Adjust
the moisture level by adding water gradually while mixing until you
reach the desired consistency.
8. Sterilization: Depending on your preference and the source of
components, you may choose to sterilize or solarize the growing media
to eliminate pathogens, weed seeds, and pests.
9. Implement housekeeping after the activity
Assessment Method:
 Demonstration


Operations
Performance Criteria Checklist 1.4-1
Growing Media
CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Wear PPE’s before taking any steps in preparing growing
media
2. Collect all the necessary ingredients for growing media
mix.
3. Determine the ratios or proportions of each component
based on the specific plant’s needs, growing conditions, and the
desired characteristics of the growing media.
4. Choose a clean and spacious area for mixing the growing
media.
5. Add the components to the mixing container according to
the calculated ratios.
6. Mix the mixture thoroughly until achieving a uniform
consistency.
7. Check the moisture content of the growing media by
squeezing a handful.
8. Sterilize or solarize the growing media.
9. Implement 5’s after the activity


Operations
GROWING MEDIA CONTAINERS
Learning Objectives:
1. Identify different types of containers

2. Importance of growing media containers in nursery operation.
3. Understand the importance of labeling containers.
INTRODUCTION
Growing media containers also known as plant containers or pots, play a
crucial role in Agriculture. These containers are used to hold the growing
medium and provide a suitable environment for plant growth. Whether
you’re gardening on a small balcony, in a backyard, or a large-scale
agriculture setting. Choosing the right growing media containers is essential
for the health and success of nursery operations.
DIFFERENT TYPES OF GROWING MEDIA CONTAINER
In a nursery, you can find a variety of seedling containers designed to cater

to different plant types, growth stages, and environmental needs. Here are
some common types of seedling containers you might encounter:
1. Plastic Pots
These are widely used due to their durability, reusability,
and ability to provide good drainage. They come in
various sizes to accommodate different plant sizes and
root systems.
2. Biodegradable Pots
Made from materials like peat, coconut coir, or paper,
these pots are environmentally friendly and decompose
over time. They are especially useful for reducing
transplant shock sinceCompetency-based
they can beDate Document
Developed:directly
planted into No.
the ground along withAgricultural
the seedling.
Crops Page 55 of
3. Clay Pots Module Title: Jinky T. Umali Revision No.

ContainersSSVTC
made fromPerforming
clay,Nursery
specifically terracotta clay.
Operations
These containers are commonly used in gardening and
horticulture for planting various types of plants, including
flowers, herbs, vegetables, and succulents. Clay pots containers are typically
porous, allowing for good airflow and drainage, which is beneficial for plant
root health. The porous nature of clay pots also helps regulate soil moisture
levels by allowing excess water to evaporate, reducing the risk of
overwatering and root rot.
4. Cell Trays/Seedling Trays

These trays have multiple individual cells or
compartments, each holding one seedling. They are
efficient for starting many seedlings in a limited space
and make transplanting easier.
5. Root Trainers/Air Pruning Pots

These containers have special designs, such as ridges or
perforations that promote air pruning of roots. This
encourages a healthier root system with more fibrous roots
and reduces the risk of root circling.
6. Grow Bags
These are fabric or plastic bags with good drainage
properties. They are often used for growing vegetables,
herbs, and small plants, offering excellent aeration and
root development.
7. Polyethylene bags
These are typically larger, sturdy plastic bags or pots used for
growing plants over a longer period before transplanting. They
provide ample space for root growth and are commonly used
in commercial nurseries.
8. Seed Starting Trays

These shallow trays are designed for germinating seeds and
starting seedlings indoors. They often come with clear plastic
covers to create a mini greenhouse effect, promoting seedling
growth. Competency-based Date Developed: Document No.
9. Peat Pellets Module Title: Jinky T. Umali Revision No.

Compressed SSVTC Performing
peat moss pellets Nursery
are convenient for starting seeds
Operations
as they expand when watered and can be planted directly into
the soil along with the seedling.
10. Wire basket
Using a wire basket as a growing media container offers
several advantages. It promotes healthy root growth due to
improved aeration and drainage, minimizes the risk of
overwatering, and allows for easy mobility if needed.
Additionally, wire baskets can be reused for multiple growing
seasons with proper care.
Each type of container has its advantages and is chosen based on factors
like the plant species, growth duration in the container, transplanting
requirements, and sustainability considerations.
IMPORTANCE OF GROWING MEDIA IN NURSERY

OPERATIONS
Growing media containers play a crucial role in nursery operations for

several reasons:
1. Optimal Growing Conditions

Containers allow for precise control over growing conditions such as soil
composition, moisture levels, and nutrient content, which are essential for
healthy plant growth.
2. Space Efficiency
Containers maximize space utilization, especially in limited areas or urban
settings where land may be scarce. This enables nurseries to grow a larger
quantity and variety of plants in a smaller area.
3. Ease of Handling
Containers facilitate easier handling of plants during various stages of
growth, from propagation to transplanting. They make it simpler to move
plants around, rearrange them for optimal sunlight exposure, and transport
them to different locations
4. Reduced Disease Spread
Growing plants in containers can help minimize the spread of diseases and
pests compared to growing them directly in the ground. Containers provide
a barrier that can prevent soil-borne pathogens from affecting the plants.
5. Improved Root Development
Containers promote healthier root
Learning Material for systems
April 2020 by preventing root circling and
Agricultural Crops
allowing for better aeration and drainage. This results in stronger,Page 57 of
more
resilient plants with improved nutrient uptake.
6. Flexibility
SSVTC andPerforming
Versatility
Nursery
Operations
Containers offer flexibility in terms of plant selection and arrangement.
Nurseries can easily adjust the layout and organization of plants based on
seasonal demands, customer preferences, or specific growing requirements.
7. Water Management
Containers enable more efficient water management, as they allow for
targeted irrigation directly to the root zone. This reduces water wastage and
helps prevent overwatering or under watering issues.
Growing media containers are integral to modern nursery operations,
offering numerous advantages that contribute to healthier plants, efficient
space utilization, and improved management practices.
IMPORTANCE OF LABELING CONTAINERS
Labeling growing media containers is crucial for several reasons:
1. Identification
Labels help identify the contents of each container, including the plant
variety, species, or seed type. This is especially important when growing
multiple varieties or species near each other.
2. Organization
Proper labeling allows for organized management of plants, facilitating tasks
such as watering, fertilizing, and pest control. It helps avoid confusion and
ensures each plant receives the appropriate care based on its specific
requirements.
3. Tracking Progress
Labels provide a means to track the progress of each plant, including
planting dates, growth stages, and any observations or notes regarding
development, health, or performance.
4. Prevention of Mix-Ups
Clear labeling reduces the risk of mixing up different plant varieties or
species, which can lead to incorrect care practices or misidentification
during harvesting or transplanting.
5. Reference and Documentation

Labels serve as a reference for future gardening seasons, allowing gardeners
to track which plants were grown, their performance, and any lessons
learned for improvement in subsequent
Competency-based Date cycles.
6. CommunicationProduction NC II Developed by: Issued by: 111
Labels can communicate important
Module Title:
information to other caregivers or family
Jinky T. Umali Revision No.
members SSVTC
involved inPerforming
plant Nursery
care, ensuring consistency in maintenance
Operations
routines and avoiding misunderstandings.
7. Research and Analysis
For scientific or research purposes, labeling growing media containers
accurately is essential for conducting experiments, collecting data, and
analyzing results with precision.
Labeling growing media containers is an essential practice that contributes

to efficient plant management, accurate record-keeping, and successful
gardening outcomes.
1. What is the primary function of a growing media container?

a) To provide nutrients to the plant
b) To anchor the plant in place
c) To contain the growing medium and plant roots
d) To regulate the plant's temperature
2. Which of the following materials is commonly used to make

traditional growing media containers?
a) Glass
b) Concrete
c) Plastic
d) Fabric
3. What is the key advantage of using fabric grow bags compared to

traditional plastic pots?
a) Better temperature regulation
b) Improved root aeration and drainage

c) Lower cost
d) Greater durability
4. Self-watering containers are designed to:

a) Retain excess water around the roots
b) Automatically water the plants
c) Prevent root growth
d) Promote air circulation
5. Which type of container is most suitable for plants that require

excellent drainage?
a) Plastic pots Competency-based Date Developed: Document No.
b) Ceramic potsLearning Material for April 2020
c) Raised beds Agricultural Crops
Production NC II Developed by: Issued by:
Page 59 of
111
d) Fabric grow bags
Operations
6. What is a characteristic of air pots that distinguishes them from
traditional containers?
a) They promote root circling
b) They restrict air flow to roots
c) They allow for air pruning of roots
d) They retain excess water
7. Which factor is important to consider when choosing a growing

media container for indoor plants?
a) UV resistance
b) Weight and mobility
c) Cost-effectiveness
d) Biodegradability
8. What type of container is ideal for creating a vertical garden in

limited space?
a) Plastic pots
b) Hanging baskets
c) Raised beds
d) Ceramic pots
9. Which container is commonly used for hydroponic gardening

systems?
a) Plastic pots
b) Fabric grow bags
c) NFT channels
d) Clay pots
10. What advantage do raised beds offer over traditional containers?

a) Better root aeration
b) Improved water retention
c) Greater soil depth for root growth
d) Enhanced portability
11. Which container type is most suitable for starting seeds indoors?
a) Plastic pots
b) Seed trays
c) Ceramic pots
d) Fabric grow bags
12. What is a disadvantage of using clay pots for container gardening?

a) They are prone to breaking easily
b) They restrictCompetency-based
root growth Date Developed: Document No.
c) They are heavy and difficult
Agricultural Crops to move Page 60 of
Production
d) They retain excess water NC II Developed by: Issued by: 111

Operations
13. Which type of container is best suited for heat-loving plants in hot
climates?
a) Plastic pots
b) Ceramic pots
c) Fabric grow bags
d) Metal containers
14. What is a benefit of using biodegradable containers for gardening?

a) They are long-lasting and reusable
b) They promote root circling
c) They reduce environmental impact
d) They require frequent replacement
15. Which container type is recommended for creating a portable herb

garden on a balcony?
a) Fabric grow bags
b) Wooden crates
c) Concrete planters
d) Glass containers
ANSWER KEY 1.4-2
1. C
2. C
3. B
4. B
5. D
6. C
7. B
8. B
9. C
10. C Learning Material for April 2020
11. B Agricultural Crops Page 61 of
12. A
13. D Module Title: Jinky T. Umali Revision No.
14. C Operations
15. A
TASK SHEET 1.4-2
Title: Prepare growing media containers, and place, arrange,
and label according to varieties/ species.
Performance Objective: Given the tools and materials, you should

be able to demonstrate how to place, arrange, and label growing
media containers according to varieties and species.
Supplies/Materials
Potting Mix/Growing Media
Growing container
Marker
Labels
Tools
Hand Trowel
Spade
Watering can/ Hose
PPE’s
Hand gloves
Long sleeves shirts
Garden hat
Steps/Procedure:
Step-by-step guide on how to place, arrange, and label growing media
containers according to varieties and species information:
1. Wear necessary PPE’s for protection
2. Gather Your Containers and Growing Media
- Prepare appropriate growing media such as potting mix, seed starting
mix, or specialized soil blends based on plant needs
3. Labeling
- Use durable and waterproof labels or tags to clearly mark each
container with the plant variety or species information.
- Include additional details like sowing/planting dates or any specific
care instructions if needed.
4. Arranging Containers
- Arrange the containers in aNCdesignated
Production II Developed growing
by: area based
Issued by: on factors111
like sunlight requirements, moisture
Module Title: levels,
Jinky and space
T. Umali availability.
Revision No.
- Group similar plantsOperations
together to facilitate watering, monitoring, and
care routines.
5. Placing Containers
- Ensure each container is placed on a stable surface that can support
its weight once filled with growing media and plants. - Optimize spacing
between containers to allow adequate airflow and prevent overcrowding
as the plants grow.
6. Filling Containers with Growing Media
- Fill each container with the appropriate growing media, leaving some
space at the top for watering and plant growth.
- Press down gently to firm the media without compacting it too tightly.
7. Watering
- Water the containers to maintain moisture
8. Implement housekeeping after the activity
Assessment Method:
 Demonstration


Operations
TASK SHEET 1.4-2
Growing Media Containers
CRITERIA
YES NO
Did you….
1. Wear necessary PPE’s for protection
2. Gather Your Containers and Growing Media

3. Labeling the containers using durable and waterproof labels.
4. Arrange the containers in a designated growing area based on
factors like sunlight, moisture level, and space availability.
5. Placed container on a surface that can support its weight.
6. Fill containers with appropriate growing media.
7. Water the container to maintain moisture.


Operations
SEEDBED
Learning Objective:
1. Describe what is a Seedbed and its importance in performing nursery
operations.
2. Differentiate the types of seedbed.
3. Understand the importance of seedbed in nursery operation
INTRODUCTION
A seedbed in the context of performing nursery operations refers to a
prepared area of soil or substrate where seeds are sown or germinated for
growing plants. It is designed to provide an optimal environment for seed
germination and early seedling growth, typically incorporating features like
proper soil preparation, moisture control, and protection from pests and
extreme weather conditions. The seedbed is a critical stage in nursery
operations as it sets the foundation for successful plant propagation and
development.
WHAT IS SEEDBED AND ITS IMPORTANCE IN PERFORMING NURSERY

OPERATION
A seedbed is a specific area or medium where seeds are sown or planted for
germination and initial growth. In the context of nursery operations,
seedbeds play a crucial role in the propagation of plants and are essential
for several reasons:
1. Optimal Germination Conditions

Seedbeds provide controlled and favorable conditions for seed germination.
This includes factors like proper moisture levels, adequate aeration, and
suitable temperature, which are essential for the successful emergence of
seedlings.
2. Uniform Seedling Development

A well-prepared seedbed helps ensure
Learning Material for
uniformity
April 2020
in seedling growth. This is
important for nurseries producing
Agricultural Crops plants for sale or transplantation, Page 65as
of
Production
uniform seedlings are easier toNCmanage,
II Developed by:
package, andIssued by:
distribute. 111

Operations
3. Space Efficiency
Seedbeds allow nurseries to maximize space utilization by concentrating
seeds in designated areas. This enables efficient management of large
quantities of seeds and seedlings within a limited nursery space.
4. Protection and Monitoring

Seedbeds provide a controlled environment that protects seeds and
seedlings from adverse weather conditions, pests, diseases, and competition
from weeds. Nursery staff can closely monitor seedbeds for any signs of
issues and take necessary actions to ensure plant health.
5. Customized Growing Medium

Depending on the plant species and requirements, nursery operators can
customize the growing medium within the seedbed to provide the optimal
substrate for seed germination and early growth. This may include using
specific soil blends, soilless mixes, or growing media tailored to the needs of
different plant varieties.
6. Seedling Transplantation
Seedbeds serve as a starting point for seedling development before they are
transplanted into larger containers, pots, or field locations. Well-established
seedlings from seedbeds have a higher chance of survival after
transplantation, leading to successful plant establishment.
7. Propagation Efficiency
By using seedbeds, nurseries can efficiently propagate a wide range of plant
species from seeds. This allows for the production of diverse plant varieties
for commercial sale, landscaping projects, reforestation efforts, and other
purposes.
In summary, seedbeds are integral to nursery operations as they provide an

optimized environment for seed germination, uniform seedling development,
space-efficient propagation, protection, and monitoring of young plants,
ultimately contributing to the overall success of plant propagation and
cultivation in nurseries.


Operations
TYPE OF SEEDBED
There are several types of seedbeds used in gardening, farming, and
horticulture, each designed to meet specific needs and requirements. Here
are some common types of seedbeds:
1. Raised Seedbeds
- Raised seedbeds are elevated from the ground
level and are often constructed using wooden
frames, bricks, or other materials.
- They provide better drainage, warmer soil
temperatures, and improved aeration compared to
traditional ground-level seedbeds.
- Raised seedbeds are suitable for areas with
poor soil drainage or where soil compaction is a concern.
2. Sunken Seedbeds
- Sunken seedbeds are constructed by digging a
depression or pit in the ground and filling it with
suitable growing medium.
- They are useful for conserving moisture and
providing a more protected environment for seeds
and seedlings, especially in arid or windy regions.
3. Traditional Ground-Level Seedbeds

- These are seedbeds prepared directly on the
ground surface without any elevation or
excavation.
- Ground-level seedbeds are simple to create and
are commonly used for sowing seeds directly into
garden soil or prepared beds.


Operations
4. Container Seedbeds
- Container seedbeds involve using pots, trays, or
containers filled with growing medium for seed
germination and early growth.
- They offer portability, easy management, and
are suitable for indoor gardening, greenhouse
production, or areas with limited outdoor space.
5. Nursery Seedbeds
- Nursery seedbeds are specifically designed for
commercial nurseries and large-scale propagation
operations.
- They may incorporate specialized equipment,
irrigation systems, and controlled environments to
optimize seedling development and production
efficiency.
6. Seedling Trays or Plug Trays

- Seedling trays, also known as plug trays,
consist of individual cells or compartments where
seeds are sown for germination.
- These trays facilitate efficient seedling
production, transplantation, and root system
development, commonly used in commercial
nurseries and plant propagation facilities.
7. Seedling Beds
- Seedling beds are larger-scale seedbeds used for
growing seedlings before transplanting them into
larger containers, garden beds, or field locations.
- They provide space for seedling growth, root
development, and acclimatization to outdoor
conditions.

Operations
The choice of seedbed type depends on factors such as the plant species
being cultivated, available space, soil characteristics, climate conditions,
and specific goals of seed propagation and plant production.
IMPORTANCE OF SEEDBED IN NURSERY OPERATIONS

Seedbeds play a crucial role in nursery operations due to their importance
in the successful propagation and early growth of plants. Here are key
reasons why seedbeds are essential in nursery operations:
1. Optimal Germination Environment

Seedbeds provide a controlled and favorable environment for seed
germination. Factors such as proper moisture levels, suitable temperature,
and adequate aeration contribute to higher germination rates and healthier
seedlings.
2. Uniform Seedling Development

A well-prepared seedbed helps ensure uniformity in seedling growth. This
uniformity is vital for nurseries producing plants for sale or transplantation,
as it facilitates consistent plant quality, size, and appearance.
3. Space Efficiency
Seedbeds allow nurseries to efficiently utilize space by concentrating seeds
and seedlings in designated areas. This enables the management of large
quantities of plants within a limited nursery space, optimizing production
capacity.
4. Protection from External Factors

Seedbeds provide a protected environment that shields seeds and seedlings
from adverse weather conditions, pests, diseases, and weed competition.
This protection is critical during the vulnerable early stages of plant growth.
5. Monitoring and Management

Seedbeds enable nursery staff to closely monitor seedlings for signs of
growth, health, and potential issues. This monitoring includes watering,
fertilization, pest control, and disease management, ensuring optimal plant
development.

6. Customized Growing Conditions
Seedbeds allow nurseries to NC
Production customize
II growing
Developed by: conditions
Issued by: based on111the
specific requirements of different
Module Title: plant
Jinky T. species.
Umali This customization may
Revision No.
include using Performing Nursery
SSVTC specialized growing media, adjusting irrigation levels, or
Operations
providing supplemental lighting.
7. Early Transplantation
Seedbeds serve as a starting point for seedling development before they are
transplanted into larger containers, pots, or field locations. Well-established
seedlings from seedbeds have a higher chance of survival after
transplantation, leading to successful plant establishment.
8. Propagation Efficiency
By using seedbeds, nurseries can efficiently propagate a wide range of plant
species from seeds. This allows for the production of diverse plant varieties
for commercial sale, landscaping projects, reforestation efforts, and other
purposes.
Overall, seedbeds are indispensable in nursery operations as they provide

the foundation for successful plant propagation, uniform growth, protection,
monitoring, and efficient space utilization, contributing to the overall
productivity and quality of nursery-grown plants.
Self- Check 1.4-3
II. Multiple Choice

Direction: Encircle the letter of the best answer.
1. What is the purpose of setting up a seedbed in nursery operations?

A) To protect seeds from pests
B) To provide optimal conditions for seed germination
C) To minimize water usage
D) To reduce labor costs
Answer: 😎 To provide optimal conditions for seed germination
2. Which of the following factors is crucial for a successful seedbed

preparation?
A) Heavy shading
B) Compacted soil
C) Adequate moisture
D) Lack of aeration
Answer: C) Adequate moisture
3. What is the recommended depth for sowing seeds in a seedbed?

A) 1 inch
B) 3 inches Competency-based Date Developed: Document No.
C) 6 inches Learning Material for April 2020
D) 10 inches Agricultural Crops Page 70 of
Answer: A) 1 inch
4. Which of the following is NOT a method
Operations of seedbed preparation?
A) Broadcasting
B) Dibbling
C) Mulching
D) Flooding
Answer: D) Flooding
5. What is the purpose of mulching in a seedbed?

A) To increase soil compaction
B) To reduce evaporation and conserve moisture
C) To promote weed growth
D) To decrease soil temperature
Answer: 😎 To reduce evaporation and conserve moisture
6. Which type of soil is ideal for seedbed preparation?

A) Sandy soil
B) Clay soil
C) Loamy soil
D) Saline soil
Answer: C) Loamy soil
7. What is the role of a seedbed roller in nursery operations?

A) To crush seeds for better germination
B) To compact the soil after sowing
C) To aerate the soil
D) To remove weeds
Answer: 😎 To compact the soil after sowing
8. When should fertilizers be applied to a seedbed?

A) Immediately after sowing
B) One week after sowing
C) Two weeks after sowing
D) When the seeds germinate
Answer: D) When the seeds germinate
9. Which of the following is a benefit of using raised seedbeds?

A) Poor drainage
B) Increased soil erosion
C) Better root development
D) Reduced water retention
Answer: C) Better root development
10. What is the purpose of providing proper aeration in a seedbed?
A) To prevent water infiltration
B) To promote microbial activity
C) To increase soil compaction
D) To delay seed germination
Answer: 😎 To Learning
promote microbial
Material for April activity
2020
11. How often should a seedbed be watered?
A) SSVTC
Once a weekPerforming Nursery
B) Twice a day Operations
C) As needed to maintain soil moisture
D) Every other day
Answer: C) As needed to maintain soil moisture
12. Which of the following is a common pest that affects seedbeds?

A) Earthworms
B) Ladybugs
C) Aphids
D) Lady beetles
Answer: C) Aphids
13. What is the purpose of covering a seedbed with a transparent

material?
A) To reduce sunlight exposure
B) To trap heat and moisture
C) To prevent seed germination
D) To increase soil compaction
Answer: 😎 To trap heat and moisture
14. How can weeds be controlled in a seedbed?

A) By applying excessive fertilizer
B) By watering infrequently
C) By using mulch or herbicides
D) By increasing soil compaction
Answer: C) By using mulch or herbicides
15. What should be done before transplanting seedlings from a seedbed

to a permanent location?
A) Apply excessive water
B) Harden off the seedlings
C) Use weak fertilizer
D) Transplant immediately after germination
Answer: 😎 Harden off the seedlings
ANSWER KEY 1.4-3
JOB SHEET 1.4-3

Title: Set-up Seedbed Based on Crop Species
Performance Objective: Given tools and materials, you should be

able to set up a seedbed based on crop species.
Supplies/Materials Competency-based
: Date Developed: Document No.
Seed trays Agricultural Crops Page 72 of
Seedling pots
Growing
SSVTC Medium
Performing Nursery
Operations
Seeds
Light Source
Labels and Markers
Fertilizer or Seedling Starter Solution
Mulch
Protective Netting or Covers
Propagation Heat Mat
Tools and Equipment:

Spade or shovel
Seedling Dibble or Pencil
Waterproof Tray or Saucer
Rake
Hoe
Trowel
Soil testing kit
Watering can or hose
Mulch
Row cover or shade cloth
Seed spreader or seeder
Plastic or fabric covering
Heating Mat or Germination Chamber
Pruning Shears or Scissors
Irrigation System/ Watering Equipment
pH Meter
PPE’s:
Garden gloves
Garden boots
Garden hat
Long sleeves shirt
Steps/Procedure:
Setting up a seedbed Competency-based
is an essentialDate
Learning Material for
step
April 2020
in startingDocument
Developed:
plantsNo.from seeds.
Here's a step-by-step guide on
Agricultural how to set up a seedbed:
Crops Page 73 of
1. Choose a location
- Select a location forModule
yourTitle:
seedbed that
Jinky receives adequate
T. Umali Revision No. sunlight
based on the light requirements
Operations of the seeds you are planting.
- Ensure the area is well-drained to prevent waterlogging, which can be
detrimental to seedlings.
2. Prepare the Soil
- Loosen the soil in the seedbed area to a depth of about 6 to 8 inches
using a garden fork or tiller. This helps improve soil aeration and root
penetration.
- Remove any weeds, rocks, or debris from the soil to create a clean
planting surface.
3. Add Organic Matter
- Incorporate organic matter such as compost or aged manure into the
soil to improve soil structure, fertility, and water retention.
- Mix the organic matter evenly throughout the soil to ensure uniform
nutrient distribution.
4. Level the Surface
- Use a rake to level the surface of the seedbed, creating a smooth and
even planting area. This helps ensure consistent seed germination and
seedling growth.
5. Create rows/beds
- Depending on the type of seeds you are planting and your gardening
preferences, you can create rows, raised beds, or flat beds in the
seedbed.
- Use a hoe or gardening tool to create shallow furrows or depressions for
planting seeds. Ensure proper spacing between rows or beds based on
the seed packet instructions.
6. Planting Seeds
- Refer to the seed packet for specific instructions on planting depth,
spacing, and timing for each type of seed.
- Sow the seeds evenly in the prepared rows or beds, following the
recommended spacing and depth guidelines.
- Lightly press down on the soil after planting to ensure good seed-to-soil
contact.
7. Watering
- Water the seedbed gently and evenly immediately after planting to
ensure the soil is adequately moist but not waterlogged.
- Use a watering can or a gentle spray nozzle on a hose to avoid
disturbing the seeds or seedlings.
8. Mulching (Optional)
- Consider adding a thin layer of organic mulch, such as straw or
shredded leaves, over the seedbed to help retain soil moisture, suppress
weeds, and regulate soil temperature.
- Avoid using thick layers of mulch that can hinder seed germination or
seedling emergence.
9. Monitoring and Care
- Keep the seedbed consistently moist but not waterlogged during the
germination and seedling stages.
- Monitor the seedbed regularly for signs of pests, diseases, or weed
Competency-based
growth, and take appropriate Date Developed:
measures Document
to address any No.
issues.
- Provide adequate sunlight
Agriculturaland
Cropsprotection from extreme weather Page 74 of
conditions as neededProduction NC II seedling
for optimal Developedgrowth.
by: Issued by: 111
10. Implement housekeeping

Module Title: after the
Jinky activity. Revision No.
T. Umali
Performing Nursery
AssessmentSSVTC Method:
Operations
Demonstration

Operations
CRITERIA Y N
Did you…. ES O
1. Wear PPE’s for protection.
2. Select a location for your seedbed that receives
adequate sunlight based on the light requirements
of the seeds you are planting.
3. Prepare the Soil and remove any weeds, rocks, or
debris from the soil to create a clean planting
surface.
4. Incorporate organic matter such as compost or
aged manure into the soil to improve soil
structure, fertility, and water retention
5. Level the Surface and Use a rake to level the
surface of the seedbed, creating a smooth and
even planting area. This helps ensure consistent
seed germination and seedling growth
6. Create Rows or Beds, use a hoe or gardening tool
to create shallow furrows or depressions for
planting seeds. Ensure proper spacing between
rows or beds based on the seed packet
instructions
7. Water the seedbed gently and evenly immediately
after planting to ensure the soil is adequately
moist but not waterlogged
8. Consider adding a thin layer of organic mulch,
such as straw or shredded leaves, over the
seedbed to help retain soil moisture, suppress
weeds, and regulate soil temperature.
9. Monitor the seedbed regularly for signs of pests,

diseases, or weed growth, and take appropriate
measures to address any issues


Operations
Evidence Plan
Competen
cy
standard:
Unit of
competency
:
Ways in which evidence will be
Demonstration &
collected:
Observation &
[tick the column]
Third party
Portfolio
Written
The evidence must show that the
trainee…













NOTE: *Critical aspects of competency


Operations
TABLE OF SPECIFICATION
# of
Objectives/ items
Knowl Comprehens Applica
Content /
edge ion tion
area/Topics % of
test
TOTAL


Operations
Performance Test
Specific Instruction for the Candidate
Qualification
Unit of Competency
General Instruction:
Specific Instruction:


Operations
QUESTIONING TOOL
Satisfa
Questions to probe the candidate’s underpinning
ctory
knowledge
response
Extension/Reflection Questions Y N
e o
s
1.  
2.  
3.  
4.  
Safety Questions
5.  
6.  
7.  
8.  
Contingency Questions
9.  
10.  
11.  
12.  
Job Role/Environment Questions  
13.  
14. Agricultural Crops 80 of
Page 

15. SSVTC Performing Nursery  
Operations
16.  
Rules and Regulations  
17.  
18.  
19.  
20.  
The candidate’s underpinning  Sati  Not

knowledge was: sfactory Satisfactory


Operations
Templates for Inventory of Training Resources
Resources for presenting instruction
Print Resources As per As Re
TR per mark
Invento s
ry
Non Print Resources As per As Re

TR per mark
Invento s
ry
Resources for Skills practice of Competency #1

______________________________
Supplies and Materials As per As Rema
TR per rks
Invento
ry
Tools As per As Rema

TR per rks
Invento
ry
Equipment Competency-based
As per
Date Developed: Document No.
As Rema
Learning Material for April 2020TR per rks
Production NC II Developed by:
Invento
Issued by: 111
ry
Operations
Note: In the remarks section, remarks may include for repair, for
replenishment, for reproduction, for maintenance etc.


Operations

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`

Sector : AGRI-FISHERY SECTOR

Qualification Title: AGRICULTURAL CROPS PRODUCTION NC II

Unit of Competency: Perform nursery operations

MMS Development Training Center Corporation

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Language, Average grade in: Average grade in:

Cultural and Ethnicity/culture:

Education & Highest Educational Attainment:

Learning styles a. Visual - The visual learner takes mental

information, oral or written, presentations

FORM 1.1 SELF-ASSESSMENT CHECK

INSTRUCTIONS: This Self-Check Instrument will give the trainer necessary

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

CARE AND Actual demonstration on Evaluation of

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

From the accomplished Self-Assessment Check (Form 1.1) and the

Form 1.3 Summary of Current Competencies Versus Required

Required Units of Current Training

Required Units of Current Training

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Apply pest control Apply pest

Apply fertilizer Apply fertilizer

4. CARRY-OUT HARVEST AND POSTHARVEST OPERATIONS

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Form No. 1.4: Training Needs

Training Needs Module Title/Module of

5. Conduct propagation activities

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Learning Content Methods Presentation Practice Feedback Resources Time

Tools, Farm  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 15

Learning Content Methods Presentation Practice Feedback Resources Time

Nursery Facilities  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

3: Handle seeds/ planting material

Learning Content Methods Presentation Practice Feedback Resources Time

Characteristics of  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

Evaluate Different kinds 20

Seed Testing  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

Perform Task Sheet Organic 20

Metal Nail file

Growing media  Lecture/ Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

LO 5: Conduct propagation activities

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Plant Propagation  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 30

Seedling  Self-paced Read Information Answer Self-Check Compare CBLM 10

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Date Developed: Document No. MMS-ACP 001

Performance Criteria Checklist

Self Check Answer Key

Learning Outcome Summary

Date Developed: Document No. NTTA-TM1-07

Competency-based Date Developed: Document No.

Module Title: Jinky T. Umali Revision No.

Welcome to the module in Performing Nursery Operations. This

The unit of competency “Perform Nursery Operations” covers the

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order

RECOGNITION OF PRIOR LEARNING (RPL)

If you can demonstrate to your trainer that you are competent in a

At the end of this module is a Learner’s Diary. Use the diary to

Competency-based Date Developed: Document No.

Module Title: Jinky T. Umali Revision No.

Competency-based Date Developed: Document No.