LEARNING

OBJECTIVES:
1. identify the basic gears
for outdoor activities;
2. determine the different
dressing and sleeping
system for outdoors;
3. create a checklist of
your survival kit plan.
• Pack your gear in reverse order: the things
you want to get to first should be the last thing
you pack.
• Stash items you may need.
• Use a dry bag inside your
backpack.
• Ensure that all pockets are
fully closed and zipped.
 Prioritizing your Kit
First line

Second line

Third line
 “Bomb-burst gear”
Basic survival equipment.
First-line gear should therefore
comprise crucial items of
First line outdoor clothing, along with
essential items for navigation
and safety.
It is everything you need to stay
safe on a daily basis under normal
conditions.
• A bivy sack, and cordage
• First aid kit
• Matchless fire set

Second line
 “Sustainment Load”
• A form of shelter – a tent or a
tarpaulin
Third line • Cooking utensils
• Water containers or hydration
packs
• Wash kit and sanitary items
 Sunglasses: protect your
eyes from the sun. Attach a
Hat: protects your
neck cord for security
face, neck, and head
from the sun

Compass, whistle, flashlight, lighter:

carry essential items around your neck for
quick and easy access

Water bottle: strap to outside of day pack

for easy access

Wristwatch: choose a hiking watch with a

built-in compass and barometer

Cellphone: keep in a secure pocket, or in

Map: keep at hand at all times and draw
a simple copy on waterproof paper to
keep in your survival tin
a waterproof bag on a cord around your
neck
Survival tin: keep in a secure pocket
Choosing a
Backpack
 Internal Frame
• Narrowed in profile
• Has one or two internal
compartments
• Very few pockets on the
outside
• Straps on the outside
allow you to compress the
pack
 External Frame
• Great for heavy loads
• Cooler to carry
• It usually has more
pockets on the outside
which allows you to
pack items by category
rather than packing
everything into one or
two compartments.
 Day pack
• Provides the means to
carry essential items
such as food, water,
maps, compasses and
protection from cold
and wet weather on a
day trip.
Dressing
for the
Outdoors
 Dressing for the Outdoors
• The rule of layering is simple: several
light layers are better than one heavy
layer.
• Wearing multiple layers gives you
flexibility
• Choose fabrics such as wool, fleece
and microfleece which are all good
insulators.
• Layering is effective because it traps
air between the layers of clothes and
helps you to stay warm in any
environment.
Base layer clothing - The job of a
base layer should be to keep you
warm enough by wicking moisture
away from your body. If you’re
exerting yourself, you can work up
a sweat even during cool
temperatures, and sweat
conducts heat away from your
body.
Mid layer clothing - The job of the
mid layer is to provide warmth
more than the base layer. Its
function is to insulate you from
the cold and continue to wick
moisture away.
Outer layer clothing - The outer
layer is there to protect you from
the elements. In wet or snowy
conditions, it should keep you dry,
while acting as a windbreaker to
prevent the chill from getting
through on windy days. It prevents
moisture from entering while
allowing sweat to escape.
Layering
Layering
Layering
Outdoor
Footwear
Sandals
Modern sandal designs offer great support, and are extremely
comfortable while offering additional ventilation.
 A flexible fabric
upper dries
Lightweight quickly when wet
and allows the
foot to breathe
boots
Shock absorbing
sole that gives
added comfort
on hard terrain
 good, all-round
leather boot
Hiking boots with a sole of
hard-wearing
rubber, such as
Vibram, water
resistant
uppers, and
valuable
support for the
ankles.
Jungle-Trekking
Boots
High boot made from rot-
proof leather and canvas

Breather holes in the

instep air ventilation
 Designed to be
worn with
crampons and
to keep the
feet warm in
very cold
environments

Climbing/Hiking
hybrid boots