EXAMINATION : INTERMEDIATE LEVEL

SUBJECT : MANAGEMENT, GOVERNANCE AND ETHICS

CODE : B6

EXAMINATION DATE : FRIDAY, 5TH MAY, 2023

TIME ALLOWED : THREE HOURS (2:00 P.M. – 5:00 P.M.)

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GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS

1. There are TWO Sections in this paper. Sections A and B which comprise a total of
SIX questions.

2. Answer question ONE in Section A.

3. Answer ANY FOUR questions in Section B.

4. In total answer FIVE questions.

5. Marks are shown at the end of each question.

6. This question paper comprises 6 printed pages.

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SECTION A
Compulsory Question
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QUESTION 1
(a) Risk registers vary depending on the organization and the project. However, most
risk register templates share these commonly used elements.

REQUIRED:
Discuss five (5) common elements of a risk register. (5 marks)

(b) Explain four (4) advantages and four (4) disadvantages of Span of Control in
management. (8 marks)

(c) Describe seven (7) ways that can be employed to create value of a product or service.
(7 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

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SECTION B
There are FIVE questions. Answer ANY FOUR questions
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QUESTION 2
(a) Strategic decisions are the decisions that are concerned with the whole environment
in which the firm operates, the entire resources and the people who form the
company and the interface between the two.

REQUIRED:
Analyse five (5) main characteristics of corporate strategic decisions.
(5 marks)

(b) Understanding the nature of strategic groups within an industry is important for any
business to meet the challenges posed by competitive market structures.

REQUIRED:

Discuss any five (5) uses of strategic groups in a business industry. (5 marks)

(c) Suppose you and your partner are running an industry which produce spare parts for
motor vehicles and other accessories. Due to competition in the industry from other
similar industries you have decided to come up with a new product which you believe
can make you win the market and face challenges of the competitive market.

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 REQUIRED:

Analyse factors to consider before launching a new product. (5 marks)

(d) Establishment of the Board of Directors lie on its core purpose of increasing the firms
value through advising, monitoring top management team and making correct
strategic decisions and directions that lead the firm to achieve good performance.
Following good performance realized by organizations with Boards of Directors
controlling the top management, today most of firms’ owners are rushing to
formulate Board of Directors to oversee their firms. Despite having the Boards of
Directors in control, the same owners who formed the boards complain on the costs
pain the board brings to them.

REQUIRED:

What do you think could be costs related pain the firm owners’ feel about engaging
Board of Directors in controlling top managers? (2.5 marks)

(e) Farrell, et al, (2002) Can code of ethics really produce consistent behaviours? Their
research concludes that employees’ behaviour of ethical codes at workplace is
influenced by the prevailing morality of society rather than the company efforts
organizations. In many organizations, employees are reluctant to adhere to the real
company ethical codes the company wants them to live due to the fact that, a number
of managers cannot even tell the reaps of practicing code of ethics in their
organizations.

REQUIRED:

What would you establish to be the reaps of the organization engaging in corporate
code of ethics? Give five (5) points. (2.5 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)
QUESTION 3
(a) Financial risk is one of the high-priority risk types for every business. Financial risk is
caused by market movements. That is characterized by several factors. Based on this
fact, financial risks can be classified into various types.
REQUIRED:
Elaborate five (5) types of financial risks. (10 marks)
(b) Some businesses keep information closed, which can cultivate speculation and
rumours, for both staffs and customers. Being open and honest about all aspects of
your business operation has numerous advantages for your company.

REQUIRED:
Explain five (5) advantages of transparency in a business organization. (5 marks)

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(c) Sales and marketing ethics are important to all business owners. In fact, these ethics
are known for their ability to promote good practices and prevent wrong doings for
sellers and marketers. However, customers are still experiencing unethical issues when
they buy services or products.

REQUIRED:
Identify and explain at least five (5) possible sales and marketing unethical issues that
a customer or consumer can experience. (5 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

QUESTION 4
(a) Plant M Ltd is a newly started organic fertilizers producing company in Babati,
Tanzania. However, there are several established organic fertilizers brands in the
market in Babati. But Plant M Ltd has decided to enter the market by offering its
products at prices lower than its competitors with the help of effective cost control
techniques. Moreover, the Plant M Ltd organic fertilizers are completely different
from any of the organic fertilizers by old established organic fertilizers producers.

REQUIRED:
From the strategy clock, discuss the kind of strategy being followed by Plant M Ltd.
(5 marks)
(b) In order to be effective, corporate governance must be managed from the top down in
an organization to ensure open, honest, and compliant corporate behaviour.

REQUIRED:
Explain five (5) key individuals or groups involved in complying with corporate
governance. (5 marks)
(c) Today, most of the marketers feel the need for internationalization because it has
been growing steadily in the past years. Many successful companies have leveraged
to differentiate their products and services in the market-place.

REQUIRED:
Discuss five (5) importance’s of internationalization in business (5 marks)
(d) Nowadays, it is important for organizations to adopt an approach to strategic
performance management to optimize business performance across the board. While
there are many management methodologies out there, many business organizations
prefer the Balanced Score card (BSC)

REQUIRED:
Explain five (5) benefits of a balanced score-Card as a business strategy.
(5 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

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QUESTION 5

(a) The forces and waves of globalization are inevitable in all spheres of business life.

REQUIRED:
Briefly explain the positive effects of globalization to the following (choose any
five).
(i) Business accountability
(ii) Entrepreneurship
(iii) Efficiency
(iv) Small and medium enterprises (SME’s)
(v) Code of Ethics
(vi) Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)
(vii) Innovation
(10 marks)
(b) Business industry does not operate independently and free. Every business is
subjected to different legal obligations that need to be observed for the business to
survive and operate in a particular country. Some of the legal requirements are
common in all countries.

REQUIRED:

Explain at least two (2) legal requirements in each of the following categories:
(i) Legal requirements connected to tax and customs
(ii) Legal requirements connected to economic policy
(iii) Legal requirements connected to employees
(iv) Legal requirements connected to consumers’ protection
(10 marks)
(Total: 20 marks)

QUESTION 6
(a) “Companies that operate and survive in a highly competitive local environment must
be prepared to compete in the global environment”.

REQUIRED:
(i) Based on Michael Porter’s analysis, explain the four (4) major factors based
on competitiveness of the industry. (8 marks)

(ii) Suppose you have been requested to advise the senior management team of
the manufacturing firm on factors to be considered before applying the
Porter’s model, which factors would you cite and why? (2 marks)

(b) Recent experience and observation show that the principle and practice of Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR) is simply a cover-up for investors to enjoy a harmonious
and peaceful environment for super profit making.
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 REQUIRED:

Identify and explain at least five (5) weaknesses of CSR. (5 marks)

(c) Some of the CEOs in organizations tend to be always rigid when executing their
roles. But it is not health to an organization to be rigid at all the time.

REQUIRED:

Explain various features of a rigid company. (5 marks)

(Total: 20 marks)

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