Monochromatic color schemes use variations of one hue to create

a unified design, adjusting factors like lightness and saturation. This

approach is widely used in design for its harmonious effect and
ability to evoke specific emotions.
PAİNTİNG STEPS

1.Cleaning: Walls are cleaned of

dust and dirt. It is important that
the surface is dry and clean.

2. Primer Application: Primer

application is important, especially
for newly plastered walls. Primer
ensures that the paint adheres
better to the wall and helps less
paint is wasted.

3. Application of Coats: For a good

result, two coats of paint are
usually applied. After the first layer
dries, the second layer is applied.
Allow sufficient drying time
between each coat.

4.Cleaning and tidying up: After

the painting process is completed,
the materials used are cleaned and
the protective tapes are removed. If
there are paint splashes, they are
cleaned.
FORM & STYLE
Form in interior design refers to the
shape, structure, and visual appearance
of objects and spaces, influencing both
aesthetics and functionality. There are
three primary types of forms: geometric
(defined by crisp lines and angles),
organic (fluid (sense of movement) and
rounded), and abstract (open to
interpretation).

Interior architecture styles reflect all these

parameters; From layout to furniture,
ergonomics to comfort, materials and
finishes.
Types of Form in Interior Design
Geometric Form
Geometric forms have a strong and structured
presence that can create a sense of order and
balance in a space.
Examples of geometric form include squares,
rectangles, triangles, and circles.
These forms can be incorporated into furniture,
lighting, and accessories.
For example, a geometric-shaped coffee table can add
a modern touch to a living room, while a geometric-
patterned rug can add visual interest to a bedroom.
Organic Form
Organic forms are flowing and natural and
can add a sense of softness and ease to a
space.
Examples of organic forms include curved lines,
irregular shapes, and other natural shapes and
patterns like flowers and leaves. These forms
can be incorporated into upholstery, rugs, and
artwork.

Abstract Form
Abstract forms are less defined and more open to interpretation.
They can add a sense of creativity and imagination to a space and can be incorporated into
various design elements.
Examples of abstract shapes include unique sculptures, artwork, and other decorative
accessories.
For example, a colorful abstract painting can be a focal point in a dining room, while a unique
sculpture can add a touch of whimsy to a hallway.
 The Role of Form
1. The choice of form ; impact the
perception of space, with vertical forms
making rooms appear taller and
horizontal forms making them seem
wider.
2. Balancing positive forms with negative
space is essential for achieving harmony
and avoiding a chaotic appearance.
3. Incorporating various forms, from
geometric to organic, can enhance
different design styles which are creates
visual interest (focal point) by contrast.

a sense of balance, visual interest, and functionality.

 Types of Style in Interior Design
• Industrial Style
• Minimalistic Style
• Modern Style
• Eclectic Style
• Bohemian Style
• Rustic Style
• Art deco Style Coastal Style Minimalistic Style
• Mediterranean Style
.
.
.
.
.
.
.
. Mıd Century Modern Style
.
.
.
Bohemian Style
.
.
Industrial Style
The apparent use of bricks, concrete,
burnt cement, pipes, metal parts, and
industrial lighting characterizes a style
that emerged in New York in the 1950s.
However, in a cold and raw style, warm
colors, lighting, and sofas and armchairs
break this feeling.
Minimalistic Style
‘Less is more’
The style emphasizes minimalism in all
aspects of interior design, from simple
furnishing to neutral color palettes, to
functional but not flamboyant accessories.
Everything is streamlined, simple, and
necessary. No excesses.
Modern Style
A modern interior design style is defined
by clean and simple color schemes,
welcoming feel, clean individual elements
Eclectic Style
The Eclectic Interior Design style creates
homes that are rich and layered with
ideas picked from design eras and styles
spanning centuries. This style brings
contrasting style elements, colors,
and textures together for a unique feel.
Bohemian Style
The Boho interior design style is a mark
of free-spirited aesthetics that are a
combination of culture and cultural
expressions to form a miscellaneous
style. Its laid aft atmosphere is grounded
on nature with some marks of bold
patterns and bright colors for its
cabinetwork and accentuations.
Rustic Style
The rustic design style was originally born
from inspirations of the Romantic
movement.It focuses on the simplicity and
effortless beauty of nature.
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ACOUSTICS
T y p e s of soundproofing
Acoustic panels

Mass loaded vinyl

Acoustic plaster board

Soundproof drywall

Fibreglass

Acoustic Plasterboard

Mineral Wool
What Is Acoustics?
The branch of physics that is concerned with
the study of sound is known as acoustics. We
can define acoustics as, The science that deals
with the study of sound and its production,
transmission, and effects.

What is Acoustic in Interior Design?

Acoustic Design is the deliberate and
thoughtful consideration of sound in
architectural and interior spaces. It
involves the integration of various
elements such as room layout, materials,
surfaces, and sound-absorbing or sound-
reflecting components.
How to absorb and reflect sound?
Porous materials, such as foam, fabric, or cork, absorb sound by
allowing air to pass through them and dissipating the sound energy as
heat. Curtains, rugs and carpets are also being used for preventing
sound.

On the other hand, materials such as concrete, metal, or glass do not

absorb sound but they reflect the sound.
Soundproofing Insulations
Soundproof walls are simply walls that can stop the Sound Transfer from one side of the wall to
the other.
Ceiling soundproofing is designed to cut down on two types of noise: impact noise and airborne
noise.
Acoustic furniture successfully absorbs excess and unwanted noise in large and open spaces.
Acoustic furniture for offices is notably helpful, especially with open plan offices.

Acoustic lighting fixtures use sound-absorbing materials, such as foam or fiber, to reduce noise
reflections and reverberations in a space; acoustic lighting fixtures are designed to provide
illumination and sound reduction.
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FURNITURE
Types of furniture
Chair Chest
Bed Nightstand
Dresser Recliner
Desks Antique
Ottoman Benches
Sofa Clocks
Stool Credenza
Bookcases Dining Chair
Table Dining furniture
Armoire Entryway furniture
Cabinets Loveseats
What is furniture?

Furniture refers to movable objects

intended to support various human
activities such as sitting (e.g., chairs, sofas),
sleeping (e.g., beds), working (e.g., desks,
tables), or storing items (e.g., cabinets,
shelves). It includes items like chairs,
tables, beds, sofas, and cabinets, among
others, used to make a space suitable for
living or working.
Furniture materials
Furniture can be made from a variety of materials,
including wood, metal, glass, plastic, leather, fabric,
and composite materials like plywood or
particleboard. Each material offers different
aesthetics, durability, and maintenance requirements.
Wood: Wood is a classic choice for furniture due
to its natural beauty and durability. Common
types include hardwoods like oak, maple, cherry,
and mahogany, as well as softwoods like pine
and cedar.
Metal: Metal furniture is known for its sleek and
modern appearance. Common metals used in
furniture include steel, aluminum, and iron.
Metal furniture is often lightweight, durable, and
resistant to rust.
Glass: Glass is often used for tabletops and
shelves, providing a transparent and
contemporary look. Tempered glass is commonly
used in furniture for its strength and safety
features.
Plastic: Plastic furniture is lightweight, affordable,
and easy to clean, making it a popular choice for
outdoor and casual indoor settings. Common types of
plastic used in furniture include polypropylene,
polyethylene, and acrylic.
Leather: Leather furniture adds a touch of luxury and
sophistication to any space. It's durable, comfortable,
and develops a rich patina over time. However, it
requires regular maintenance to keep it looking its
best.
Fabric: Upholstered furniture is covered in fabric,
which can range from natural fibers like cotton and
linen to synthetic materials like polyester and
microfiber. Fabric upholstery offers endless options
for colors, patterns, and textures.
Composite Materials: Composite materials like
plywood, particleboard, and medium-density
fiberboard (MDF) are made by binding together wood
fibers or particles with adhesives. These materials are
often used as a more affordable alternative to solid
wood and can be finished with veneers for a polished
look
Types of furniture styles
Traditional: Characterized by ornate details, rich woods, and
elegant fabrics, traditional furniture often draws inspiration
from 18th and 19th-century European design. Features
include intricate carvings, curved lines, and luxurious
upholstery.
Modern: Modern furniture design emerged in the early to
mid-20th century and is known for its clean lines, simplicity,
and functionality. Materials such as steel, glass, and molded
plywood are common, and designs prioritize form following
function.
Contemporary: Contemporary furniture design refers to
styles that are current and reflect the trends of the present
day. It often incorporates elements of modern design but
may include a wider range of materials, colors, and forms.
Mid-Century Modern: This style emerged in the mid-20th century and is
characterized by its minimalist forms, organic shapes, and emphasis on
functionality. Mid-century modern furniture often features sleek lines,
tapered legs, and natural materials like wood and leather.
Art Deco: Originating in the 1920s and 1930s, Art Deco furniture
design is known for its bold geometric shapes, luxurious materials,
and decorative embellishments. It often features polished metals,
exotic woods, and elaborate patterns.
Scandinavian: Scandinavian furniture design emphasizes
simplicity, functionality, and natural materials. Clean lines,
light woods, and a minimalist aesthetic characterize this style,
which emerged in the mid-20th century and continues to be
popular today.
Rustic: Rustic furniture design celebrates natural materials
and a rugged, handmade aesthetic. Rough-hewn wood,
distressed finishes, and simple, sturdy construction are
hallmarks of this style, which evokes a sense of warmth and
authenticity.
Industrial: Industrial furniture design draws inspiration from
factories and warehouses, featuring raw materials such as
steel, iron, and reclaimed wood. Utilitarian forms, exposed
hardware, and distressed finishes are common elements of
industrial style.
Farmhouse: Inspired by traditional farmhouses and country
homes, farmhouse furniture design combines rustic elements
with a touch of elegance. It often features distressed finishes,
reclaimed wood, and vintage-inspired accents.
Art Nouveau: Originating in the late 19th century, Art Nouveau
furniture design is characterized by flowing lines, organic
forms, and ornate motifs inspired by nature. It often
incorporates curved shapes, floral patterns, and decorative
detailing.
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LIGHTING
 LIGHTING
● The aim of a lighting designer is always to
create comfortable, healthy, and beautiful spaces for its
users. In the design process, the designer takes advantage
of the direct and indirect lighting systems and creates
various ambiances by considering
the functional and psychological needs.

● DESIRED LIGHTING QUALITY

• Programmatic
• Technical
• Aesthetic
The Appearance of Color

● - Warm: 2700K to 3500K. This range would include the color of a sunset.
● - Neutral: Around 4000K.
● -Cool: Above 4700K. This color resembles a bright, sunny day
Types of lighting distribution
0

LUMENS
LUMEN is a measure of the total amount of visible light in some defined beam or angle or emitted from some
source. That is how we do know if we have enough light in the room

To calculate the amount of lumen we need,

this is the formula : if we want to calculate for
kitchen ambient let say we have a kitchen of
30sqm, then we need to do 30 x 108 = 3240
lumen

Each light bulbs has information of their

lumens.

In order to calculate the number of lighting

bulbs we need; we must divide the needed
lumens which is 3240 in this case by the
lumen of the light bulb we would like to use.
For instance, Philips 318148716 ceiling light
has 1200 lumens. In this case 3240 / 1200 =
2,7 which means we must use at least 3
lighting sources in this particular area.
1
• Wall Washing:
Intent: To achieve even illumination on a vertical surface, side to side and
top to bottom. The luminaire is placed at one-quarter of the distance away
from the surface. Spacing between luminaires varies from one-quarter to
one-half of the wall height depending on the luminaire.
Quality: Even illumination on a vertical surface.
Use: To highlight a vertical surface, hiding the surface imperfections, and
flattening the texture.
• Wall Grazing:
Intent: To reveal the texture of a surface. The luminaire is placed
intentionally close to the surface.
Quality: Even wall lighting highlighting its texture.
Use: Used to illuminate surfaces with interesting textures such as
stone, brick, etc.
• Slot Lighting:
Intent: To light a wall accentuating the junction of
the wall and the ceiling, indirectly lighting the
space.
Quality: Brighter illumination at the top of the wall;
indirect illumination in the rest of the space.
Use: To accentuate the ceiling plane.
• Cove lighting:
Intent: To directly illuminate the ceiling,
and indirectly illuminate a space,
accentuating the ceiling plane.
Quality: Brighter ceiling close to the light
source.
Use: To accentuate the ceiling plane.
RECESSED LINEAR LIGHTING
SPOTLIGHT
SLOT LIGHT
REFERENCES
1. https://www.architecture.org/learn/resources/architecture-dictionary/entry/acoustic-design/
2. https://www.acoustiblok.co.uk/soundproofing-
materials/ https://lumato.com/what-is-acoustic-
3. lighting/#:~:text=Acoustic%20lighting%20fixtures%20use%20sound,provide%20illumination%20and%20sound%20red
uction.
4. https://abstracta.se/products/product-category/acoustic-
furniture/#:~:text=Acoustic%20furniture%20absorbs%20low%2Dfrequency,which%20of%20course%20is%2
0good.
5. https://acousticalsolutions.com/what-are-soundproof-
walls/#:~:text=Soundproof%20walls%20are%20simply%20walls,noise%20floor%20of%20the%2
0room.
6. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/mamad
7. https://www.homestratosphere.com/furniture/
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_furniture_t
ypes
8. https://www.invisionapp.com/inside-design/understanding-color-theory-the-color-wheel-and-finding-complementary-
colors/
9. https://foyr.com/learn/types-of-interior-design-styles/
10. https://www.housebeautiful.com/design-inspiration/g41613197/types-of-interior-design-styles/
11. https://www.decorilla.com/online-decorating/interior-design-styles-101/#bohemian-interior-design-style
12. https://www.almadeluce.com/blog/interior-architecture-styles-discover-the-main-ones/