lOMoARcPSD|20658952

SAMPLE EXAMINATION of 26 MC questions

Introduction to safety science’ (WM0801TU), … , 18:30h – 21:30h,
Rooms: CT-IZ 3.99 / CT-IZ 4.98 / CT-IZ 4.99

This exam is a multiple choice exam with 40 questions.

This is a closed-book exam.
Only a pencil and simple calculator (with no internet connection) is allowed during this exam.
Please answer the questions on the last page of this exam.
Write on top of your sheet your name and study number.
Success with your exam!

1. The difference between a slip and mistake is...

1. Mistakes have a proper goal, slips don't.

2. Slips have a proper goal, mistakes don't.
3. There is no real di)erence.
4. Slips are caused by memory failures, mistakes by acBon failures.

2. What is the correct order of levels of safety culture?

1. Calculative, Reactive, Proactive, Pathological, Generative
2. Pathological, Reactive, Calculative, Proactive, Generative
3. Generative, Pathological, Reactive, Calculative, Proactive
4. Generative, Reactive, Pathological, Reactive, Calculative, Proactive

3. Consider the accident of the ship collision with the hydraulic gates in the river Meuse
in 2018. On which aspects did the Dutch Safety Board focus most?
1. On the organisational factors leading to this accident
2. On the technical factors leading to this accident
3. On the human factors leading to this accident
4. On all the above factors leading to this accident

4. What is the correct order in WTP-values (Willingness-to-Pay) of the following

safety measures, in ascending order:
1. Car safety belts – Flood defence reinforcement – Nuclear power plant
safety measures
2. Nuclear power plant safety measures - Car safety belts – Flood
defence reinforcement
3. Flood defence reinforcement – Nuclear power plant safety measures –
Car safety belts
4. There is no ordering possible

5. Given the following payoff matrix of safety decisions and safety states:

1
 lOMoARcPSD|20658952

SAMPLE EXAMINATION of 26 MC questions

Introduction to safety science’ (WM0801TU), … , 18:30h – 21:30h,
Rooms: CT-IZ 3.99 / CT-IZ 4.98 / CT-IZ 4.99

According to the Expected Value criterion, which safety decision would you take?
1. D1
2. D2
3. D3
4. This depends on the prior probabili9es of the safety states

6. What is the Expected Value with Perfect Information (EVPI)?

1. The maximum value that we are willing to pay for the information of an
Oracle who can predict the future without uncertainty
2. The expected value that we are willing to pay for the information of an
Oracle who can predict the future without uncertainty
3. The maximum value that we are willing to pay for the information of an
Oracle who can predict the future with uncertainty
4. The expected value that we are willing to pay for the information of an
Oracle who can predict the future with uncertainty

7. Consider the following probability-of-exceedance curve for water levels at the location
Hook-of-Holland:

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 lOMoARcPSD|20658952

SAMPLE EXAMINATION of 26 MC questions

Introduction to safety science’ (WM0801TU), … , 18:30h – 21:30h,
Rooms: CT-IZ 3.99 / CT-IZ 4.98 / CT-IZ 4.99

What is the frequency of the highest observed water levels according to the
fitted distribution function?
1. 10-4 per year
2. 2 x 10-3 per year
3. 7 x 10-3 per year
4. 2 x 10-2 per year

8. Which of the following options are considered in the crocodile metaphore?

1. Eliminate the hazard
2. Move away the target
3. Add passive and /or active barriers between hazard and target
4. All of the above

9. We have conducted a Monte Carlo simulation for a safety problem, involving two
stochastic variables for the stress S (in kN) and the resistance R (in kN), with the
following realisation based on a run of 200 simulations:

What is the estimated failure probability:

1. 0.5
2. 0.015
3. 0
4. None of the above

10. How can the frequency of occurrence of different types of human error be ordered
from small to large?
1. Skill-based, Rule-based, Knowledge-based
2. Rule-based, Skill-based, Knowledge-based
3. Knowledge-based, Skill-based, Rule-based
4. Knowledge-based, Rule-based, Skill-based
 lOMoARcPSD|20658952

SAMPLE EXAMINATION of 26 MC questions

Introduction to safety science’ (WM0801TU), … , 18:30h – 21:30h,
Rooms: CT-IZ 3.99 / CT-IZ 4.98 / CT-IZ 4.99

11. Predictive policing methods fall into which categories?

1. Methods for predicting crimes,
2. Methods for predicting offenders,
3. Methods for predicting perpetrators' identities and for predicting victims of crime
4. All of the above

12. What were the main conclusions of the bridge accident in Zaandam, investigated by
the Dutch Safety Board?
1. Safety is more than checking the components
2. An integral analysis is needed for man-machine interaction
3. Share knowledge on accidents and near misses
4. All of the above

13. What is the most accurate explanation of the top event (TE) of the fault tree?

1. TE=AUBUC TE
2. TE=AUC
3. TE=(AUC)⋂(AUBUC)
4. TE=AUB
E1 E2

A B C A C

14. Based on risk importance measure (e.g., Fussell-Vesely), which component(s) are
the most critical ones for the fault tree?

1. A TE
2. B
3. Both A and B
4. Both A and C
E1 E2

A B C A C

15. Which item is not included in inherently safer design methodology?

1. minimization, substitution, moderation

2. Simplification, moderation, limitation of effects
3. Safety distance between units, moderation, substitution
4. Substitution, inspection, maintenance

4
 lOMoARcPSD|20658952

SAMPLE EXAMINATION of 26 MC questions

Introduction to safety science’ (WM0801TU), … , 18:30h – 21:30h,
Rooms: CT-IZ 3.99 / CT-IZ 4.98 / CT-IZ 4.99

16. If the TE fails, a cost of $10 will be incurred. To reduce the risk, the failure
probabilities of A, B, and C can be reduced from P to P’ at a cost as listed in the table
below. Based on a cost-benefit analysis, which component should be considered?

1. A TE
2. B
3. C Component P P’ Cost ($)
4. None of them A 0.3 0.1 1
E1 E2
B 0.4 0.1 1
C 0.4 0.2 1

A B C A C

17. Which simplification is the main disadvantage of fault tree analysis?

1. P(A U B) = P(A) + P(B) – P(A ⋂ B)
2. P(A⋂B)=Ф
3. P(A ⋂ B) = P(A) P(B)
4. P(A ⋂ B) = P(A) P(B|A)

18. Having three minimal cut sets (MCS) of a fault tree, the fault tree can be modeled as:
1. TE = MCS1 U MCS2 U MCS3
2. TE = MCS1 ⋂ MCS2 ⋂ MCS3
3. TE = MCS1 + MCS2 + MCS3
4. TE = MCS1 . MCS2 . MCS3

19. In the case of fail-safe system, which statement is correct?

1. Low level redundancy is safer than high level redundancy.

2. High level redundancy is safer than Low level redundancy.
3. Active redundancy is safer than standby redundancy.
4. Standby redundancy is safer than active redundancy.

20. Which one CANNOT be considered as a fault-tolerant design?

1. Input correction option in Google search engine

2. Undo option in computerized systems
3. Color coding of wires
4. Systems with redundancy

5
 lOMoARcPSD|20658952

SAMPLE EXAMINATION of 26 MC questions

Introduction to safety science’ (WM0801TU), … , 18:30h – 21:30h,
Rooms: CT-IZ 3.99 / CT-IZ 4.98 / CT-IZ 4.99

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