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WO - NAST3008 - E01 - 0 UMTS Cell Selection and Reselection P29
WO - NAST3008 - E01 - 0 UMTS Cell Selection and Reselection P29
Contents
4.1 Measurement rules for cell re-selection when HCS is not used........................................................9
4.4 Measurement rules for inter-frequency and inter-RAT cell reselection when absolute priorities are
used.......................................................................................................................................................14
4.5 Highest ranked cells with cell reservations, access restrictions or unsuitable.................................15
4.8 Absolute priority based criteria for inter-frequency and inter-RAT cell reselection........................22
i
1 Strategy of Cell Selection and
Reselection
Different types of measurements are used in different RATs and modes for the cell
selection and reselection.
The NAS can control the RAT(s) in which the cell selection should be performed, for
instance by indicating RAT(s) associated with the selected PLMN, and by maintaining
a list of forbidden registration area(s) and a list of NAS-specified service area in
priority order. The UE will select a suitable cell and the radio access mode based on
measurements and cell selection criteria.
In order to speed up the cell selection process, stored information for several RATs may
be available in the UE.
When camped on a cell, the UE will regularly search for a better cell according to the
cell reselection criteria. If a better cell is found, that cell is selected. The change of cell
may imply a change of RAT (that is, cell reselection between different systems).
For normal service, the UE has to camp on a suitable cell, tune to that cell's control
channel(s) so that the UE can:
Receive registration area information from the PLMN, e.g., location area and
routing area; and
Identify to which service area as specified by NAS that the serving cell belongs.
Initiate call setup for outgoing calls or other actions from the UE.
1
2 States and State Transitions in Idle Mode
Figure 1 shows the states and procedures of cell selection and reselection in Idle Mode.
3
In any state, a new PLMN selection causes an exit to number 1
One or several RATs may be associated with the selected PLMN. It depends on the UE
capability and PLMN plan.
If a suitable cell is found, the UE will select this cell to camp on, and report this event
to NAS so that the necessary NAS registration procedures can be performed. When the
registration is successful, the UE enters in state Camped normally in order to obtain
normal service.
When UE leaves idle mode in order to enter the state Connected mode, the UE shall
attempt to access the current serving cell. If the access attempt to the serving cell fails,
the UE will use the Cell reselection evaluation procedure.
If no suitable cell is found in cell reselection evaluation process, the UE enters the state
Any cell selection.
4
Chapter 4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
If an acceptable cell is found, the UE will inform the NAS and camp on this cell and
obtain limited service, state Camped on any cell.
NOTE: The 'PLMN selection and reselection' process may select a new PLMN at any
time in idle mode, which in Figure 3 causes an exit to number 1.
5
3 Cell Selection Process
Where,
Qqualmeas: Measured cell quality value. Applicable only for FDD cells. The quality of
the received signal expressed in CPICH Ec/N0 (dB).
7
Qrxlevmeas: Measured cell RX level value. This is received signal, CPICH RSCP for
FDD cells (dBm), P-CCPCH RSCP for TDD cells (dBm) and RXLEV for GSM cells
(dBm).
Qqualmin: Minimum required quality level in the cell (dB). Applicable only for FDD
cells. (For serving cell: the parameter is indicated by Qqualmin; for neighbour cell with
absolute priority configuration, the parameter is indicated by QqualminFDD.)
Qrxlevmin: Minimum required RX level in the cell (dBm). (For serving cell: If
DltaQRxLevMin is broadcast, Qrxlevmin =QrxLevMin+DltaQRxLevMin. If
DltaQRxLevMin is not broadcast, Qrxlevmin +QRxLevMin. Whether to broadcast
DltaQRxLevMin or not is controlled by DltaQRxLevMinPr. For neighbor cell: In Idle
mode or SIB12 is not broadcast, if DtQrxLvMnSib11 is not broadcast, Qrxlevmin
=QrxLevMin. In Idle mode or SIB12 is not broadcast, if DtQrxLvMnSib11 is broadcast,
Qrxlevmin =QrxLevMin+DtQrxLvMnSib11. In connected mode and SIB12 is
broadcast, if DtQrxLvMnSib12 is not broadcast, Qrxlevmin =QRxLevMin. If
DtQrxLvMnSib12 is broadcast, Qrxlevmin =QrxLevMin+DtQrxLvMnSib12. Whether
to broadcast DtQrxLvMnSib11 or not is controlled by DtQrxLvMnSib11Pr. Whether to
broadcast DtQrxLvMnSib12 or not is controlled by DtQrxLvMnSib12Pr. For neighbor
cell with absolute priority configuration, the parameters for UTRAN/GSM/EUTRAN
are independently indicated by QrxlevminFDD/QrxlevminGSM/QrxlevminEUTRA)
8
Chapter 4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
9
4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
Different rules apply for cell reselection measurement when HCS is used and when
HCS is not used.
4.1 Measurement rules for cell re-selection when HCS is not used
When the serving cell does not use HCS (UseOfHCS(utranCell)), the measurement
rules for cell reselection are:
In the following rules, the UE uses Squal for FDD cells and Srxlev for TDD cells for
Sx:
Sx> Sintersearch
MBMS preferred frequency layer is configured and the current serving cell does
not belong to the MBMS preferred frequency layer.
Sx > Sintersearch
The UE needs to perform inter-frequency measurements when any one of the following
11
conditions is satisfied:
Sx <= Sintersearch
3. If Sx > SSearchRat, UE does not need to measure quality of inter-RAT neighbor cells.
If HCS is not used and the UE receives SLimitRat, the UE will ignore the
parameter.
When the number of cell reselections during time period NoHcsTCRMax no longer
exceeds NoHcsNCr, the UE will:
If the number of cell reselections during time period NoHcsTCRHyst does not
exceed NoHcsNCr and also the network does not order the UE to stay in high-
mobility state, then the UE exits high-mobility state.
12
Chapter 4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
If the UE is in HCS low mobility state, for serving cell and neighbour cells
belonging to the MBMS PL set the HCS priority = HcsPrio + HcsOffMbms.
If the UE is in HCS high mobility state, for serving cell and neighbour cells
belonging to the MBMS PL set the HCS priority = HcsPrio.
For serving cell and neighbour cells not belonging to the MBMS PL, set the HCS
priority = HcsPrio
Where: HcsPrio is the parameters configured by cells. The HcsPrio of the current RNC
cell takes the value of HcsPrio (utranCell). The HcsPrio of the neighbor RNC cell takes
the value of HcsPrio (externalUtranCell). The HcsPrio of the GSM cell takes the value
of (externalGsmCell).
In the following rules, the UE uses Squal for FDD cells and Srxlev for TDD cells for
Sx:
1. For intra-frequency and inter-frequency measurement rules for UEs not in high-
mobility
ELSE
ELSE
<UE measure on all intra-frequency and inter-frequency cells, which have equal
or higher HCS priority level than the serving cell >
ENDIF
13
UMTS Cell Selection and Reselection
<UE measure on all intra-frequency cells. Fast-moving UEs may also use this
rule. UE measure on all inter-frequency cells, which have higher HCS priority level
than the serving cell unless measurement rules for fast-moving UEs are triggered.>
ENDIF
ENDIF
If HCS(UseOfHCS (utranCell)) is used and if SsearchHCS or Sintersearch (FDD) is not sent for
the serving cell, UE will measure on all intra-frequency and inter-frequency cells.
Whether to broadcast SsearchHCS or not is controlled by SSearchHCSPre. Whether to
broadcast SinterSearch or not is controlled by SInterSearchPre.
This measurement rule applies when the HCS is used and the UE is in fast-moving
state and also the UE receives the broadcast message of NoHcsTCrMax, NoHcsNCr
and NoHcsTCrMaxHyst.
If the number of cell reselections during time period TCrMax exceeds NCr, or if the
network (via signaling of RRC release, RB re-configuration) has ordered the UE to
consider itself in high mobility state, the UE is triggered to enter fast-moving state.
IF(Srxlevs <= SsearchHCS) or (if FDD and Sx <= Sintersearch) or SsearchHCS or Sintersearch (FDD)
are not sent, THEN
ELSE
<UE measure intra-frequency and inter-frequency neighbour cells, which have equal or
lower HCS priority than serving cell. >
ENDIF
When the number of cell reselections during time period TCRmax no longer exceeds
NCr, the UE will:
14
Chapter 4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
If the number of cell reselections during time period TCrmaxHyst does not exceed
NCr and also the network does not order the UE to stay in high-mobility state,
then the UE exits high-mobility state.
When serving cell belongs to a hierarchical cell structure, the UE will follow these
rules for Inter-RAT measurements:
The UE uses Squal for FDD cells and Srxlev for TDD cells for Sx in the following
rules.
IF (Srxlevs <= SHCSRat) or (if FDD and Squal <= SSearchRat) THEN
ELSE
ELSE
< UE measure on all neighbour cells between systems, which have equal or higher
HCS priority level than the serving cell. >
ENDIF
ENDIF
If HCS is used and if SHCSRat is not sent for the serving cell, the UE will measure on
all inter-RAT cells. Whether to broadcast SHCSRat or not is controlled by
SHCSRatPre.
If the number of cell reselection during time period TCrMax exceeds NCr, or if the
network (via signaling of RRC release, RB re-configuration) has ordered the UE to
consider itself in high mobility state, the UE is triggered to enter fast-moving state.
IF (Srxlev <= SHCSRat) or (if FDD and Squal <= SSearchRat), or SHCSRat or SsearchRat are not
sent, THEN
15
UMTS Cell Selection and Reselection
ELSE
< UE measure inter-RAT neighbour cells, which have equal or lower HCS priority than
serving cell. >
ENDIF
When the number of cell reselections during time period TCRmax no longer exceeds
NCr, the UE will
If the number of cell reselections during time period TCrmaxHyst does not exceed
NCr and also the network does not order the UE to stay in high-mobility state,
then the UE exits high-mobility state.
For inter-frequency layers with a priority equal or lower than the priority of
the current serving layer:
16
Chapter 4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
For inter-RAT layers with a priority lower than the priority of the current
serving cell:
If the highest ranked cell is an inter-RAT cell which is not suitable due to being part of
the "list of forbidden LAs " or belonging to a PLMN which is not indicated as being
equivalent to the registered PLMN, the UE will not consider this cell as a candidate for
17
UMTS Cell Selection and Reselection
reselection within 300s. If the UE has to perform an any cell selection procedure any
limitation will be removed.
If the serving cell uses the HCS (UseOfHCS (utranCell)) structure, the following cell
reselection rule H is used for quality ranking in cell reselection.
18
Chapter 4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
If the cell does not use the HCS structure, the following cell reselection rule R is used
for quality ranking in cell reselection.
Where,
Connected mode: When SIB4 is not broadcast, the parameter values are taken as in the
case of Idle mode; when SIB4 is broadcast, the value of QHcsEcNo (SIB4) is taken if
Ec/No is used as the quality measure, and the value of QHcsRSCP (SIB4) is taken if
RSCP is used as the quality measure.} Whether to broadcast SIB4 is controlled by
SIB4Ind. Whether Ec/No or RSCP is used as the quality measure is controlled by
QualMeas.
Qhcs,n: This specifies the quality threshold levels of neighbor cells for applying
prioritised hierarchical HCS cell re-selection (Idle mode: If Ec/No is used as the quality
measure, the value of QhcsEcN0Sib11 is taken; if RSCP is used as the quality measure,
the value of QhcsRscpSib11 is taken. Connected mode: When SIB12 is not broadcast,
the parameter values are taken as in the case of Idle mode; when SIB12 is broadcast,
the value of QhcsEcN0Sib12 is taken if Ec/No is used as the quality measure, and the
19
UMTS Cell Selection and Reselection
Connected mode: When SIB4 is not broadcast, the parameter values are taken as in the
case of Idle mode; when SIB4 is broadcast, the value of QHyst1SPch is taken if RSCP
is used as the URA_PCH state reselection quality measure, and the value of
QHyst2SFach is taken if Ec/No is used as the CELL_FACH state reselection quality
measure. Whether to broadcast SIB4 is controlled by SIB4Ind.
Qoffmbms: This specifies the offset added to cells belonging to the MBMS PL when a
decision of HCS cell R reselection rule is being made.
Connected mode: When SIB12 is not broadcast, the parameter values are taken as in
the case of Idle mode; when SIB12 is broadcast, the value of Qoffset1SNSib12 is taken
if RSCP is used as the reselection quality measure, and the value of Qoffset2SNSib12 is
taken if Ec/No is used as the reselection quality measure. Whether SIB12 is broadcast
controlled by SIB12Ind
Tn: The timer used after cell reselection. The rules to start Tn are as follows:
Tn is implemented for each neighbour cell. Tn will be started from zero when one
of the following conditions becomes true:
or
- for serving FDD and neighbour FDD cells if the quality measure for cell selection
and reselection is set to CPICH RSCP in the serving cell, and Qmeas,n > Qmeas,s +
Qoffset1s,n
or
- for serving FDD and neighbour FDD cells if the quality measure for cell selection
and reselection is set to CPICH Ec/No in the serving cell, and Qmeas,n > Qmeas,s +
Qoffset2s,n
or
20
Chapter 4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
Tn for the associated cell will be stopped as soon as any of the above conditions
are no longer fulfilled.. Any value calculated for TOn is valid only if the associated
timer Tn is still running otherwise TOn will be set to zero.
Connected mode: When SIB12 is not broadcast, the parameter values are taken as in
the case of Idle mode; when SIB12 is broadcast, the value of TempOffset1Sib12 is
taken if RSCP is used as the reselection quality measure and the value of
TempOffset2Sib12 is taken if Ec/No is used as the reselection quality measure. Whether
to broadcast SIB12 is controlled by SIB12Ind)}. If HCS (UseOfHCS (utranCell) ) is
used, TEMP_OFFSETn is used to calculate TOn. If HCS (UseOfHCS (utranCell) ) is
not used, TEMP_OFFSETn is not applied when calculating Rn.
HCS_PRIOn: This specifies the HCS priority level for neighbour cells (non-HCS cell:
The HcsPrio of the current RNC cell takes the value of HcsPrio(utranCell). The
HcsPrio of the neighbor RNC cell takes the value of HcsPrio (externalUtranCell). The
HcsPrio of the GSM cell takes the value of HcsPrio (externalGsmCell). If not
configured, it is 0 default. For value of HCS cells, refer to Value of “HCS Priority” in
“Cell reselection measurement rule when the hierarchical cell structure (HCS) is used.
HCS_PRIOs: This specifies the HCS priority level for serving cell. (non-HCS cell: The
HcsPrio of the current RNC cell takes the value of HcsPrio(utranCell). The HcsPrio of
the neighbor RNC cell takes the value of HcsPrio (externalUtranCell). The HcsPrio of
the GSM cell takes the value of HcsPrio (externalGsmCell). For value of HCS cells,
refer to Value of “HCS Priority” in “Cell reselection measurement rule when the
hierarchical cell structure (HCS) is used.
The cell are ranked by quality according to the above defined R or H criteria using
CPICH RSCP (for FDD), P-CCPCH RSCP (for TDD) and the measurement result of
averaged received signal level (for GSM) as the calculation quantity of Qmeasn,
Qmeass, R or H. The best ranked cell is the cell with the highest R or H value.
21
UMTS Cell Selection and Reselection
For the cell selection and reselection parameters: Whether Qhcs, TCrmax, NCR and
TCrmaxHyst are configured is controlled by HcsSrvCelInfoPre. Whether the HCS-related
parameters in neighbor cell such as HCS_PRIO, Qhcs, Penalty_time,
Temporary_offset1 and Temporary_offset2 are configured is controlled by UseOfHCS
(utranRelation) and UseOfHCS (gsmRelation).
If a TDD or GSM cell is ranked as the best cell, then the UE will perform cell re-
selection to that TDD or GSM cell and camps on the chosen cell.
If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measurement for cell selection
and re-selection is set to CPICH RSCP, the UE will perform cell re-selection to that
FDD cell and and camps on the chosen cell (If this cell is found to be not suitable, the
UE will behave according to “Highest ranked cells with cell reservations, access
restrictions or unsuitable for normal camping”).
If an FDD cell is ranked as the best cell and the quality measure for cell selection and
re-selection is set to CPICH Ec/No, the UE shall perform a second ranking of the FDD
cells according to the R criteria specified above, but using the quality measure CPICH
Ec/No for deriving the Q meas,n and Qmeas,s and calculating the R values of the FDD cells
(If this cell is found to be not suitable, the UE will behave according to “Highest
ranked cells with cell reservations, access restrictions or unsuitable for normal
camping”).
In all cases, the UE will reselect the new cell, only if the following conditions are met:
The new cell is better ranked than the serving cell during a time interval
Treselection according to the R or H criteria. If Treselection s,PCH is provided in
SIB4, the URA_PCH state timer takes the value of TreselectionPch; if
Treselections,FACH is provided in SIB4, the CELL_FCH state timer takes the value
of TreselectionFach. For hierarchical cell structures when high mobility state has
not been detected, if according to the HCS rules the serving cell is not ranked then
all the ranked cells are considered to be better ranked than the serving cell. In case
the UE reselects a cell on an MBMS preferred frequency to receive an MBMS
service not available on the current frequency, the UE may reduce interval
TreselectionS, TreselectionS, PCH and TreselectionS, FACH. (Whether to configure SIB4
is controlled by SIB4Ind).
More than 1 second has elapsed since the UE camped on the current serving cell.
22
Chapter 4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
The high mobility state of cell is detected and "Speed dependent ScalingFactor
for_Treselection" (SpSf) is broadcast on system information (whether broadcast is
controlled by SpSfPre), then TreselectionS, TReselectionPch and
TReselectionFach will be multiplied by the scaling factor SpSf in intra-frequency
measurement and the result is the actually used TreselectionS, TReselectionPch
and TReselectionFach.
The high mobility state of cell is not detected and " Inter-Frequency ScalingFactor
for Treselection" (InterFreqSf) is broadcast on system information (whether
broadcast is controlled by InterFreqSfPre), then Treselection, TReselectionPch
and TReselectionFach will be multiplied by the scaling factor InterFreqSf in inter-
frequency measurement and the result is the actually used TreselectionS,
TReselectionPch and TReselectionFach.
The high mobility state of cell is detected and "Speed dependent ScalingFactor
for_Treselection" (SpSf) and "Inter-Frequency ScalingFactor for Treselection
" (InterFreqSf) are broadcast on system information, then Treselection,
TReselectionPch and TReselectionFach will be multiplied by the scaling factors
SpSf and InterFreqSf in inter-frequency measurement and the result is the actually
used TreselectionS, TReselectionPch and TReselectionFach.
The high mobility state of cell is not detected and "Inter-RAT ScalingFactor for
Treselection" (InterRatSf) is broadcast on system information (whether broadcast
is controlled by InterRatSfPre), then Treselection, TReselectionPch and
TReselectionFach will be multiplied by the scaling factor InterRatSf in inter-RAT
measurement and the result is the actually used Treselection, TreselectionPch and
TReselectionFach.
The high mobility state of cell is detected and "Speed dependent ScalingFactor
for_Treselection" (SpSf) and "Inter-RAT ScalingFactor for Treselection "
(InterRatSf) are broadcast on system information, then TreselectionS,
TReselectionPch and TReselectionFach will be multiplied by the scaling factors
SpSf and InterRatSf in inter-RAT measurement and the result is the actually used
Treselection, TReselectionPch and TReselectionFach.
23
UMTS Cell Selection and Reselection
The following criteria are used for inter-frequency cells if absolute priority information
for inter-frequency is available to the UE, and inter-RAT cells if absolute priority
information for inter-RAT is available to the UE.
If priority information is provided for any inter-RAT layers in a RAT, cells belonging to
layers in that RAT for which no priority or no threshold is assigned shall not be
considered for reselection.
If the UE has received absolute priority information for inter-frequency layers, the UE
shall follow these rules:
For inter-frequency layers with a priority equal or lower than the priority of
the current serving layer:
- If SrxlevServingCell > Sprioritysearch1 and SqualServingCell > Sprioritysearch2 the UE may choose
not to perform measurements of inter-frequency layers of equal or lower priority.
If the UE has received absolute priority information for inter-RAT layers, the UE shall
follow these rules:
For inter-RAT layers with a priority lower than the priority of the current serving
cell:
- If SrxlevServingCell > Sprioritysearch1 and SqualServingCell > Sprioritysearch2 the UE may choose not
to perform measurements of inter-RAT layers of lower priority.
25
UMTS Cell Selection and Reselection
Where,
where,
Threshx,high, an Srxlev based threshold used by the UE for cell reslection towards a
higher absolute priority layer. For UTRAN, it is
UtranHighThresh[MAX_NUM_UTRAN_FREQ]; for EUTRAN, it is
EutranHighThresh[MAX_NUM_EUTRAN_FREQ]; for GERAN, it is
GeranHighThresh[MAX_NUM_GERAN_CELL_GROUP].
Threshx,low, an Srxlev based threshold used by the UE for cell reselection towards an
equal or lower absolute priority layer. For UTRAN, it is
UtranLowThresh[MAX_NUM_UTRAN_FREQ]; for EUTRAN, it is
EutranLowThresh[MAX_NUM_EUTRAN_FREQ]; for GERAN, it is
GeranLowThresh[MAX_NUM_GERAN_CELL_GROUP];
Threshserving,low, the limit for Srxlev in the serving cell below which the UE may perform
cell reselection to a cell on a lower absolute priority layer. ThreshServingLow
Cell reselection to a cell on a higher absolute priority layer than the camped frequency
shall be performed if criterion 1 is fulfilled.
26
Chapter 4 Rules of Cell Reselection Measurement
Cell reselection to a cell on a lower absolute priority layer than the camped frequency
shall be performed if criterion 3 is fulfilled.
If more than one cell meets the above criteria, the UE shall reselect the cell with the
highest SrxlevnonServingCell,x among the cells meeting the criteria on the highest absolute
priority layer.
The UE shall not perform cell reselection to cells for which the cell selection criterion
S is not fulfilled.
The UE shall not perform cell reselection until more than 1 second has elapsed since
the UE camped on the current serving cell.
27