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Annawen n yiḍrisen : (types de textes)

Ahil n useggas wis kraḍ yebḍa ɣef ukkuẓ n yisenfaren:
Anaw n uḍris ullis: tukkist seg wungal.
Anaw n uḍris agelman: tarudemt.
Anaw n uḍris imsegzi: amazray.
Anaw n uḍris imesfukel: Asfukel deg wullis
I. Ullis : (récit, narration, texte narratif)
Ullis, yekka-d seg umyag : « ales », meḥsub ḥku, ɛiwed. Aḍris ullis, d aḍris i deg amaru yettales-d
(iḥekku-d, yettawi-d) ayen yeḍran neɣ ayen yellan d asugnan.
Ayen yerzan aseggas wis kraḍ n tesnawit tawsit n uḍris ullis i neẓra d (tukkist seg wungal) ; taɣessa
(structure) n uḍris ullis tebna ɣef kraḍ n tegnatin, n waddaden (situations) :

1- Addad n talwit (situation initiale, d tagnit n tazwara):

D tazwara n wullis, qqaren-as addad n talwit acku teqɛed (terked) deg-s tegnit. Yettili deg-s:
Asissen (presentation) n wakud d wadeg akked yiwudam (melmi, ayweq, teḍra. anida teḍra; imenhu
i wumi teḍra tedyant)
-Akud (temps): yiwen n wass deg wussan n tefsut, deg unebdu n 2020, deg yiḍ n wass n...

-Adeg (lieu): deg taddart n jebla, deg temdint n Bgayet, deg Lezzayer tamannaɣt...

-Iwudam (personnages): iqbayliyen (Ɣilas, Tiziri...), aɛraben (Ɛebdeslam, Huda...), irumyen (Jack,
Nilson...)

2- Addad n wugur (d tagnit tis snat):

Deg waddad-a ad tafeḍ: aferdis n urway d tigawin, akked tifrat n wugur.
-Aferdis n urway (éliment perturbateur): dayen ara d-ikecmen ad yerwi tagnit n tazwara.

-Tigawin (actions): iwudam ad kecmen deg uzrar n tigawin, mseḍfarent, qeɛɛdent ilmend n wakud
(ruḥen ɣer taddart…., wwin…, uɣalen-d…, qqimen kra n lweqt…..)
-Tifrat n wugur (solution) ad yefru wugur, ad d-yuɣal unerkud (la stabilité) n tazwara.
3- Addad n tifrat (d tagnit n taggara):
D taggara n wullis, tezmer tullis-nneɣ ad tfak akken yelha neɣ akkenn diri, akken daɣen i yezmer
unallas ad yeǧǧ taggara-s i yal imeɣri ad yessugen amek ara tfakk.

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 Anallas (narrateur): d win d-iḥekkun deg uḍris yezmer ad yili d amaru s timmad-is,
yezmer ad yili d awadem n uḍris. Anallas yezmer ad yili d agensay neɣ d azɣaray.
 Anallas d agensay: mi ara yettekki deg yineḍruyen n uḍris (ula d netta d awadem).
Skanayen-t-id:
-yimqimen ilelliyen: nekk, nekkni.
-Imataren udmawanen: .......ɣ; n.....
-Akked yimqimen iwsilen: ...iw; ...nneɣ; …nteɣ.

 Anallas d azɣaray: mi ara d-iḥekku seg berra, ur ittekka ara deg tedyanin n uḍris, iḥekku-d
ɣef wiyaḍ. Skanayen-t-id:
-yimqimen ilelliyen: (udem wis 03) netta, nettat, nutni, nutenti…
-Imataren udmawanen: y......., t….; ....n ; ...nt.
-Akked yimqimen iwsilen: --is; --nsen; --nsent.
CFU:
 S umata deg uḍris ullis (tukkist seg wungal) ad naf imyagen ftin ɣer yizri acku tidyanin
ɛeddant kfant.
 Deg uḍris ullis (tukkist seg wungal) ad naf tiseddarin qqnent s yisuraz n wakud (almi, yiwen n
wass, seg wass-nni, syin akin…)
 Deg uḍris ullis (tukkist seg wungal) ad naf aḍris-nneɣ d aḍris aseklan yecbeḥ, ayen t-
yettcebbiḥen d tugniwin n uɣanib (figures de style) (tinfaliyin n tesnukyist) am userwes d
tumnayt.

II. Aḍris agelman: (texte descriptif)

Aglam, yekka-d seg umyag « glem »: d askan n wamek yemmug kra. Tzemreḍ ad d-
tgelmeḍ amdan, adeg, aɣersiw, taɣawsa... Mi ara d-yeglem uneglam kra, ad d-yebder talɣa-ines,
tiɣmi-ines...,
Mi ara d-yeglem amdan neɣ awadem, ad as-d-yexdem asunaɣ (portrait) (tarudemt), ad
d-yebdu aglam seg uqerru alama d yiḍarren: leɛmer, tiddi, amek iga wudem-is, acebbub, anyir,
anzaren, timmi...
Yezmer daɣen ad d-yernu i usunaɣ-agi n tfekka, asunaɣ n ṭṭbiɛa: s ubdar n wamek
yettxemmim, amek yella netta d lɣaci, ma d amecḥaḥ, ma d imḍeggeɛ, ma d asusam, ma d
abelheddar, ma iḥemmel kan iman-is...

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Aḍris agelman (tarudemt) sumata ad t-naf ibedd ɣef kraḍ (03) n tseddarin:
-Taseddart 1: ad naf deg-s asenked (presentation) n umdan-nni: isem-is, acu ixeddem,
melmi ilul, anda, kra seg wayen yexdem. MD. Mulud Mɛamri d amaru ameqqran n tmurt n
Lezzayer ilul deg 28 Duǧamber 1917 deg At yenni, yettwassen aṭas s wayen yura d idlisen; d
leqdicat-is ɣef tutlayt n tmaziɣt, gar wayen yura : tajerrumt n tmazight, La colline oubliée I yuɣalen
d asaru, poémes kabyles anciens….
-Taseddart 2: ad naf deg-s aglam n tfekka: teɣzi, tehri, acebbub, udem, ayen yettlus...
-Taseddart 3: ad naf deg-s aglam n ṭṭbiɛa: ayen iḥemmel, ayen yekreh, assaɣ-is d
medden, amek yettxemmim, amek i t-ttwalin wiyaḍ...

Azenziɣ n uḍris n uglam (tarudemt)

Mulud Mɛamri

Asenked tafekka ṭṭbiɛa

Isem-is teɣzi ayen iḥemmel
acu ixeddem tehri ayen yekreh
melmi ilul taksumt-is assaɣ-is d medden
anda ilul udem(allen, anyir...) amek t-ttwalin wiyaḍ
kra seg wayen yexdem. ayen yettlus

Deg uḍris n uglam s umata nettaf s waṭas: -aseqdec n yimyagen n tɣara: mellul, meẓẓi, ɣezzif,
irbiben: d amaru ameqqran, d argaz aɣezzfan, Allen d tiberkanin,
Aserwes: zegzaw amzun d ilel, ɣezzif am usaru…
III. Aḍris imsegzi: (texte explicatif)
Aḍris imsegzi d aḍris i d-yessegzayen kra n tɣawsa (d armud, d ansay, d tumant tagamant, d aṭṭan, d
tadyant tamazrayt). Win ara d-yessegzin ilaq ad yili yessen ugar n win iwumi ara d-isegzi. D aḍris
yekkaten ad yesmed tamusni n umdan.
Aḍris imsegzi, yerza yal taɣult (domaine).Yettili d tiririt ɣef yisteqsiyen-a: Amek i yeḍra? Ayɣer?
Dacu yeḍran?
Deg wahil n useggas wis kraḍ n tesnawit, d asegzi n tedyant tamazrayt i nelmed, meḥsub amaru ad d-
yessegzi kra n tedyant i icudden ɣer umezruy (histoire), ama amezruy aqbur, neɣ amezruy amiran

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S umata aḍris imsegzi ibedd ɣef kraḍ (03) n yiḥricen:

Aḥric amezwaru: d aḥric n usteqsi; s umata aḥric-a yettili-d deg tazwara n uḍris, deg-s i d-yessissin
umyaru asentel n uḍris, syen akin ad d-yefk asteqsi iɣef ara d-yerr.Yezmer daɣen ad t-id-yefk srid deg
uzwel, maca llant tikwal yettili-d d uffir, s tɣuri n uḍris ara yegzu yimeɣri aya.
Aḥric wis sin: Deg uḥric-a i tettili tririt ɣef usteqsi n tazwara, deg-s i d-yessegzay umaru ayen yerzan
asentel-nni.
Aḥric wis kraḍ: d aḥric n tsemlilt, deg-s ara d-yesmekti umaru ayen i d-yessegza

Tulmisin n uḍris imsegzi : (caractéristiques d’un texte explicatif)

 Deg uḍris imsegzi, ttasen-d yisallen wa deffir wa, ilmend n wakken i myezwaren deg tilawt.
 Deg tazwara n uḍris imsegzi, ad tafeḍ tifyar tirumyigin; yis-sent ara d-tefkeḍ tabadut n usentel ara d-
tsegziḍ. Ma yella d taggrayt, tezmer ad tili d tasemlilt kan (synthése).
 Ameskar, ur d-yettban ara deg uḍris imsegzi, ur d-yettakk ara rray-is.
 Yettili-d useqdec n yisuras (connecteurs):
-wid n umsizwer: skanayen-d amyezwer yellan gar tektiwin n umaru (amezwaru,wis sin…, deg tazwara, tin
ɣur-s…, deg tama, deg tama-nniḍen….
-wid n tguri d usekcem n yimedyaten: d awalen i yettwaseqdacen akken amaru ad d-yessekcem amedya deg
uḍris-is (deg umedya…, akka am…)
-wid n usegzi: d awalen neɣ d tinfaliyin i nezmer ad d-nger asegzi (s wudem-nniḍen…, s wawal-nniḍen…, s
unamek-nniḍen…)
 Imyagen ftin ɣer wurmir d wurmir ussid deg tuget ɣer wudem wis3.
 Yella daɣen useqdec n: -yimedyaten (exemples),
-akked wuṭṭunen (chiffres)
-tugniwin (images),
-Izenziɣen d yiɣawasen (schemas et plans)
-aseqdec n yizemzen (dates)

I. Aḍris imesfukel (texte argumentatif)

Aḍris imesfukel: d aḍris ideg yekkat bab-is ad iqenneɛ win ara t-yeɣren akken ad yexdem neɣ ad
yamen s kra. Yezmer ad yebnu ɣef yiwet kan n turda ; neɣ ɣef snat n turdiwin. Yal turda tetteddu s
yifukal; ifukal-nni, laqen-asen yimedyaten.
taɣessa n uḍris-a tettili akka: Deg tazwara, ad aɣ-d-yemmeslay ɣef usentel-nni s umata; ad aɣ-d-
yefk tamukrist.
Ad yebdu s turda tamezwarut, ad aɣ-d-yefk ifukal + imedyaten. [Ad yeqqen gar yifukal-
nni s yisuraz n usezdi: tamezwarut, tis snat...].

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Ad d-yefk tameglurda (turda tis snat) ad yebdu s (maca/ meɛna/ ulamma...)

Ad d-yefk ifukal n tmeglurda+ imedyaten, [ad ten-yeqqen s yisuraz n usezdi yemxallafen
ɣef yimezwura-nni: si tama, si tama-niḍen...].
Ɣer taggara, ad d-yefk rray-is, anta turda ukkud yedda, neɣ ad yessemlil gar-asent, neɣ ad d-yefk
turda yemgaraden...

Amawal (lexique/vocabulaire)
1. Aknawen / inemgalen : (synonymes / antonymes)
 Aknawen (arwasen) : d awalen yesɛan yiwen n unamek, neɣ d sin n wawalen i zemren ad ilin
deg yiwen umkan, wa ad yuɣal deg umkan n wayeḍ deg tefyirt mebla ma ibeddel unamek-is.
Md: tuḍen = tehlek, temɣer = tewser, Aydi = aqjun.
 Inemgalen: d awalen yemgaraden deg unamek. Awalen inemgalen d awalen i yesɛan inumak
imnamaren (opposants)
Md: yeqqim≠ yekker, meqqer ≠ meẓẓi, d awezlan ≠ d aɣezfan (d aṭewlan)

 S umata deg ukayad n BAC aseqsi yettas-d akka:

-kkes-d seg uḍris: aknaw/anemgal n wawal: ………

-Af-d deg tseddart (…) sin n wawalen: d aknawen / d inemgalen

2. Aktawal: (champ lexical)

 Aktawal: d awalen i itezzin ɣef yiwet n tekti (idée) neɣ yiwen n usentel (mmalen-d yiwet n
tikti), (d awalen i nezmer ad ten-nessemres ticki ara d-nawi awal ɣef kra n tɣawsa neɣ n
temsalt).
Md: Aktawal n tegrest (ccetwa): ageffur, asemmiḍ, adfel, asigna, agris…
 S umata deg ukayad n BAC aseqsi yettas-d akka:
-A-d (kkes-d) deg uḍris aktawal n: ……. (Ma drus ilaq ad tekkseḍ 04 n wawalen)
3. Isuraz n usezdi: d awalen itteqqnen gar yifukal neɣ gar turdiwin. MD. Tamezwarut, tis snat, mačči
Kan d aya, rnu ɣer waya, si tama, si tama-nniḍen…
4. Tugniwin n uɣanib (tinfaliyin n tesnukyist): d tugniwin ( tunuɣin) s wacu nettcebbiḥ aḍris
aseklan, aṭas i yellan gar-asent: tumnayt (tanɣumnayt), aserwes (takanit),
-Aserwes (takanit): d aserwes n snat n tɣawsiwin. MD. Ccib yeṭṭef aqerruy-iw am udfel yessa fell-
as. (tisɣunin n userwes I yellan: amzun, zun, abḥal, am …)
Ccib: win nkenna.
Adfel: win uɣur t-nkenna.
Am: allal n ukenni.
Yessa damellal: udem n ukenni.
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Tumnayt (tanɣumnayt): d aserwes n snat n tɣawsiwin maca ulac win uɣur nkenna neɣ allal n ukenni.
MD. Zzher-iw yezheḍ tawwurt ur d-yebrin ara.
Zzher: win nkenna
(/): win uɣur t-nkenna (dagi ikenna zzher ɣer umdan mi ara yezḥel ad yewwet tawwurt s
ddfeq); win uɣur nkenna ulac-it maca yeǧǧa-d ayen t-id-yeskanayen [yezheḍ tawwurt] acku d
amdan kan i yekkaten tawwurt mi ara yeffeɣ.
Llant daɣen tunuɣin-nniḍen n uɣanib i nettaf deg uḍris ullis : takeszwert, takesdeffirt, tasergelt,
tamisemt, tayḍisemt, tameqlubt…

4. Tagetnamka: (polysémie)

 Tagetnamka: d awal yebḍan ɣef sin n wawalen “Taget”= tuget (aṭas) + “Namka” = anamek
(lmeɛna).
 Awal agetnamek: d wawal yesεan aṭas n yinumak, yettbeddil anamek seg tefyirt ɣer tayeḍ
(ilmend n usatal i deg yella).
Md: ‘’ečč, aɣ’’
- Yečča aɣrum= yesbelɛ-it. -yuɣ axxam = yefka idrimen akken ad t-yawi.

- yečča-t wul-is = yeqreḥ-it lḥal. -yuɣ awal i gma-s = yexdem ayen i as-d-yenna.

- Tečča-t s wawal= thedder-as aṭas -yuɣ yelli-s n ɛemmi-s = yezwej yid-s.

Deg yimedyaten-a, awal ečč, aɣ yemgarad unamek-nsen seg tefyirt ɣer tayeḍ; neqqar-asen awal
agetnamek.

 S umata deg ukayad n BAC aseqsi yettas-d akka:

-Dacu d anamek yesɛa wawal (…….) deg tefyirt yellan deg uḍris

-sseqdec awal-nni (……) deg snat tefyar sɣur-k ad yesɛu inumak-nniḍen.

5. Awalen yezdi uẓar:

 Aẓar: d targalt neɣ d tirgalin iɣef yebna wawal. Iwakken ad d-naf aẓar n wawal, yessefk ad
nuɣal ɣer ufeggag-ines (amyag deg talɣa-ines taḥerfit), am wakken i nezmer ad d-nesuddem
akk awalen i izemren ad d-kken seg-s, syin ɣer-s ad d-nekkes tirgalin i ten-yezdin (i ten-
icerken).

Md: iwakken ad d-naf aẓar n wawal tudert:

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- Nezmer ad nuɣal ɣer ufeggag n wawal (amyag deg talɣa taḥerfit): idir. Tirgalin iɣef yebna wawal-a:
D akked R ihi aẓar n wawal: DR.
- Nezmer ad d-nesuddem akk awalen i izemren ad d-kken seg wawal tudert: idir, sider, amuddir,
Tameddurt…: Tirgalin i yezdin awalen-a d D akked R, ihi aẓar n wawal tudert d DR.
 Awalen yezdi uẓar: d awalen i yezdi unamek akked ufeggag (d tirgalin iɣef bnan).
Md : krez, takerza, amekraz, sekrez, ttwakrez,… : Awalen-a, yezdi-ten unamek, yezdi-ten daɣen
ufeggag ( tirgalin iɣef bnanKRZ) ; ihi awalen-a yezdi-ten uẓar.
 S umata deg ukayad n BAC aseqsi yettas-d akka:
-Af-d deg uḍris (deg tseddart...) 03/ 04 n wawalen i yezdi yiwen n uẓar. (yezmer ad ak-d-yefk aẓar-nni
dacu-t)
6. Asuddem/ Asuddes: (dérivation / composition)

 Asudddem: Awal asuddem, yekka-d seg umyag ddem. Amyag, nezmer ad d-nesuddem seg-s (
ad d-neddem deg-s) :
 Isem n tigawt (nom d’action): d isem yemmalen tigawt i d-yessenfalay umyag.

Md: Aru: tira, agem: agam, qqim: tiɣimit, ddu: tikli, fru: ferru….

 Tamawt (Remarque): Mi ara yili yisem yekka-d seg umyag n tɣara ur as-nettsemmi ara isem n
tigawt, neqqar-as isem n tɣara. Md: imɣur: temɣer, imlul: temlel, iwzil: tewzel…
 Isem n umeskar (nom d’agent): d isem d-yemmalen win i ixeddmen tigawt (Md: xdem:
axeddam, aker: amakar, aru: amaru).

 Isem n wallal (nom d’instrument): d isem d-yemmalen taɣawsa s wacu nxeddem tigawt. Md
: aru : imru, qqen : aseɣwen, agem : asagem,
 Arbib (adjectif): d awal d-yemmalen taɣara (liḥala) n yisem. Izga am yisem, ɣur-s tawsit d
umḍan. Md: Ibrik: aberkan (imibrik), icbiḥ: acebḥan (ucbiḥ, tucbiḥt), aɣezfan, ameqqran.
-yezmer ad yili urbib s talɣa: Bu tidet, mm umzur…
 Asuddes (ismawen uddisen): Isem uddis, d isem i d-yekkan seg temlilit n sin wawalen neɣ
ugar (akter).
Md: Amagraman: d isem i d-yekkan seg umyag mmager + isem aman.
Ilmendis: d isem i d-yekkan seg temlilit n yisem ilem+ tanzeɣt n + isem idis.
Asɣersif: d isem i d-yekkan seg temlilit n yisem asɣar + isem asif.

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Tajerrumt (grammaire)
1. Isem (Nom): Isem, d awal i d-yemmalen amdan neɣ aɣersiw neɣ taɣawsa. Yesɛa tlata n tmitar
(leḥwayej), nɛeqqel-it yes-sent:
 Tawsit (genre): isem ɣur-s snat n tewsatin, yezmer ad yili d amalay (aqcic) neɣ d unti (taqcict).

 Amḍan (nombre): isem ɣur-s sin yimḍanen, yezmer ad yili d asuf (axxam) neɣ d asget (ixxamen)

 Addad (Etat): isem ɣur-s sin waddaden, yezmer ad yili deg waddad ilelli (aqcic) neɣ deg waddad
amaruz (uqcic). maca llan kra n yismawen ur ttbeddilen ara addad ttɣiman akken llan kan.MD:
lehwa, tala; tili… (war addad)
MD: timsirin: d isem asget unti deg waddad ilelli
2. Tinzaɣ (prépositions):

Tanzeɣt: d awal armeskil (ur yettbeddil ara talɣa). Tetteqqen isem ɣer umyag. Maca tinzaɣ d’, ‘s’,
‘n’, zemrent ad qqnent isem ɣer yisem (abrid n temẓi, ččiɣ aɣrum s zzit…).
Tanzeɣt, tettarra isem i tt-id-iḍefren d amaruz: iruḥ ɣer tmurt, yusa-d seg uxxam. Anagar tinzaɣ ‘ar’
d ‘s’ n tnila. Md: iruḥ s axxam/ ar ass-a mazal-it.
Ha-tent-i kra n tenzaɣ: n, deg, seg, ɣer, ar, fell-…, i, s, d, gar, akked, yid-…, yis-…
3. Arbib (adjectif):

Arbib: d awal itteddu d yisem, yemmal-d amek yemmug kra: ama d amdan, ama d aɣersiw, ama d
taɣawsa (ayen akk izmer ad t-id-imel yisem). Tawsit-ines d umḍan-ines tettili am tin n yisem i yellan
uqbel-is, ma d addad-ines d ilelli.
Tuget n yirbiben ttefɣen-d seg yimyagen n tɣara. Md: Imlul: amellal, iwzil: awezzlan, imliḥ:
amelḥan…
Maca llan yirbiben i d-itteffɣen seg wawalen-nniḍen. Md: Leqbayel: Aqbayli, Lezzayer: Azzayri,
adrar: amsedrar…
4. Amernu (adverbe):

Amernu, d awal, d armeskil. Yezmer ad yernu ɣer umyag (deg tuget), (Md: Yessen aṭas;

assa-a ad ruḥeɣ s axxam…)

 Llan yimerna n wakud (lweqt): zik, iḍelli, ass-a, aseggas-a, ilindi, tura, ass-nni…

 Llan yimerna n wadeg (amkan): da, dagi, dihin, ddaw, dinna, din, sya, s ufella, deffir, sdat…

 Llan yimerna n tɣara (liḥala): akken, akka, tiffudemt, tinnegnit, wakali, s tazzala…

 Llan yimerna n tesmekta (acḥal): cwiṭ, aṭas, drus, ugar, mennaw, ddeqs, geddac…

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BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight

5-Tizelɣiwin n tnila (particules de direction):

 Tizelɣiwin n tnila, d awal gar wawalen i iteqqnen s amyag. Daymi i nettarra gar-as d umyag
tizdit. Llant snat n tzelɣiwin n tnila
 ‘d/id’: tettarra tigawt ɣer win yettmeslayen. Md: iruḥ-d, ad d-iruḥ, isawel-as-id, ad as-
id-isiwel.
 ‘n/in’: tettarra tigawt ɣer win iwumi nettmeslay. Md: iruḥ-n, ad n-iruḥ, isawel-as-in, ad
as-in-isiwel.
Tamwat: llant tzelɣiwin-nniḍen: - tazelɣa n wurmir ‘’Ad ….’’
-tazelɣa n tibawt ‘’Ur …… ara’’
6- Imqimen ilelliyen (les pronoms):
Amqim, d awal i ssexdamen iwakken ad kksen allus. Mi ara yili umqim i yiman-is qqaren-as
amqim ilelli; mi ara yili yeqqen s tezdit ɣer wawal-nniḍen (d amyag, d isem neɣ d tanzeɣt) qqaren-as
amqim awsil.
Imqimen ilelliyen bḍan ɣef sin: wid n wasuf d wid n usget. Ha-ten-a wamek i myezwaren:

Udem Amqim ilelli

Asuf Asget
Udem 1 Amalay: Nekk Amalay: nekkni
Unti: Nekk Unti: nekkenti
Udem 2 Amalay: kečč Amalay: kunwi
Unti: kemm Unti: kunti
Udem 3 Amalay: netta Amalay: nutni
Unti: nettat Unti: nutenti

MD: udem wis 2 asget unti = kunti; udem wis 3 asuf amalay = netta
Imqimen iwsilen n umyag: d imqimen i itteqqnen ɣer umyag s tezdit, ama deg tazwara-s neɣ taggara-
s; bḍan ɣef sin: - Amqim awsil n umyag asemmad usrid (yettas-d deg wadeg n yisem asemmad usrid)
- Amqim awsil n umyag asemmad arusrid (yettas-d deg wadeg n yisem asemmad arusrid)
MD: yewwi-t (-t: d amqim awsil n umyag d asemmad usrid)
Yewwi-as (-as: d amqim awsil n umyag d asemmad arusrid)

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 BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight

7- Tasleḍt n wawalen deg tefyirt (l’analyse de la phrase):

Dacu i d tasleḍt? Mi ara nebɣu ad nesleḍ awalen yellan deg tefyirt, nettak-d dacu-t yal awal yellan deg
tefyirt, dacu i d azal-is deg tefyirt daɣen, anamek-is dakken ad d-nefk talɣa (forme) d twuri
(fonction) n yal awal.
 Deg wayen yerzan talɣa n yisem: ad d-naf Tawsit (genre), amḍan (nombre), addad (Etat) n
yal isem deg tefyirt.
Isem

Tawsit Amḍan addad

Amalay unti asuf asget ilelli amaruz

MD: argaz: d isem asuf amalay deg waddad ilelli

tnelmadin: d isem asget unti deg waddad amaruz

 Deg wayen yerzan tawuri n yisem, yezmer ad yili d aseɣru, neɣ d asemmad, wali tafelwit-a:
Tawuri n yisem Tabadut amedya

D anelmad.

-D: n tilawt; tawuri-ines

Yettili yisem d aseɣru mi ara d-yeḍfer ( ad yettbeɛ) ‘’ d ‘’ n d asilaw
D aseɣru tilawt deg tefyirt -anelmad: d isem asuf
amalay deg waddad ilelli,
tawuri-ines d aseɣru.

-Yura unelmad.
-yura:
y: d amatar udmawan,
-D isem, yettas-d seld amyag, iteqqen ɣer umyag (ulac tanzeɣt
tawuri-ines d asentel
gar-asen). Addad-ines d amaruz, tawsit-ines d umḍan-ines am -ura : d afeggag tawuri-
D asemmad
imsegzi tin n umatar udmawan n umyag i t-yezwaren. ɣef waya i as- ines d aseɣru
neqqar yessegzay-d amatar udmawan.(anwa i ixedmen tigawt)
-unelmad: d isem asuf
Ur yezmir ara ad d-yas deg umkan-is umqim awsil. amalay deg waddad
amaruz, tawuri-ines d
-neɣ deffir n yisem (aseɣru) deg tefyirt traumyigt.
asemmad imsegzi
MD: d ameqqran uqcic ( uqcic: d asemmad imsegzi)

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 BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight
-Anelmad yura.
D isem, yettili deg tazwara n tefyirt, uqbel amyag, addad-ines d -Anelmad: d isem asuf
ilelli, (meḥsub d asemmad mi ara d-yuɣal ɣer tazwara n amalay deg waddad ilelli,
D anammal n
usentel tefyirt) tawuri-ines d anammal n
usentel
-yura: (uɣal ɣer umedya
iɛeddan)
-Yura unelmad iḍrisen
D isem, Yettas-d deg waddad ilelli, yeqqen srid ɣer umyag -Yura (uɣal ɣer umedya
(ulac tanzeɣt gar-as d umyag). S umata Akken ad t-id-naf, ad d- iɛeddan)
nefk asteqsi: Dacu? -unelmad : d isem asuf
Yezmer ad d-yas deg umkan-is umqim awṣil, yettuɣal d amqim amalay deg waddad
awsil ɣer umyag (tasleḍt-is: d amqim awsil n umyag amaruz tawuri-ines d
D asemmad usrid asemmad usrid) asemmad imsegzi
-iḍrisen: d isem asget
Imqimen iwsilen n umyag isemmaden usriden d wiyi: amalay deg waddad ilelli
_t, _tt, _ten, _tent, _yi tawuri-ines d asemmad
usrid

D isem, Yettas-d deg waddad amaruz, yeqqen ɣer umyag s -Yura unelmad aḍris i
tenzeɣt (ama tanzeɣt ‘’ i ‘’ neɣ tinzaɣ-nniḍen : seg, ɣer, ɣef, uselmad.
deg, fell, s, i ‟.
-yura: …
Yezmer ad d-yas deg umkan-is umqim awṣil, yettuɣal d amqim
-unelmad: AS.imsegzi
awsil ɣer umyag (tasleḍt-is: d amqim awsil n umyag -aḍris: … AS.usrid
D asemmad
arusrid asemmad arusrid) -i: d tanzeɣt
-uselmad: d isem asuf
Imqimen iwsilen n umyag isemmaden arusriden d wiyi:
amalay deg waddad
_as, _asen, _asent, _ak, _am, _awen, _ awent, amaruz tawuri-ines d
_yi
asemmad arusrid

Asemmad n yisem d isem amaruz, yesttsemmid anamek n -n : d tanzeɣt

yisem-nniḍen uqbel, gar-asen tettili tenzeɣt “n” (anagar -yinelmaden: d isem asget
D asemmad n tanzeɣt ‘’n’’) Asemmad n yisem, yezmer ad yili: amalay deg waddad
yisem -D isem. Md: (D axxam n tmurt). amaruz, tawuri-ines d
-Damqim awsil ɣer yisem. Md: D axxam-is. asemmad n yisem

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BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight

Tamawt: yella daɣen ‘’Asemmad ilelli’’: s umata d imerna (n wakud, n wadeg, n tesmekta…) i
yettilin d asemmad ilelli, nettsemmi-as ilelli acku yezmer ad ibeddel adeg deg tefyirt war ma ibeddel
unamek-is.MD: -Iḍelli neɣra tamsirt. ‘’iḍelli’’ ama deg tefyirt 01 neɣ 02 d asemmad ilelli.
-Neɣra tamsirt iḍelli.
Tasleḍt n umyag:
 Deg wayen yerzan talɣa n umyag: deg tesleḍt n talɣa n umyag nettak-d timeẓri ɣer wacu yefti
umyag, akked wudem ɣer wacu yefti daɣen (Udem wis …. Asuf, asget…)
 ad d-nekkes amatar udmawen akked ufeggag-ines.
MD: -yewwi, d amyag yeftin ɣer yizri ilaw (udem wis 3 asuf amalay (netta),
Y---: d amatar udmawan, wwi: d afeggag
-Ad awint, d amyag yeftin ɣer urmir, ---nt: d amatar udmawan, awi: d afeggag
 Deg wayen yerzan tawuri n umyag; yal amur deg-s yesɛa tawuri:
MD: -yewwi: Y--- d amatar udmawan deg talɣa, tawuri-ines dima d asentel (d amigaw)
Wwi---- d afeggag deg talɣa, tawuri-ines dima d aseɣru

8- Tafyirt (la phrase): tafyirt d agraw n wawalen (ismawen, imyagen, tinzaɣ, imerna…) i aɣ-d-
yettaken anamek ɣer taggara, tafyirt tettak-aɣ-d daɣen isalli (information).
8-1 Tisekkiwin n tefyar (Types de phrases):
Tafyirt deg tmaziɣt tebḍa ɣef kraḍ (03) n tsekkiwin timeqqranin :
8-1-1 Tafyirt taddayt (phrase minimale): d tafyirt tameẓyant akk deg tmaziɣt. tin yettalɣen s sin
yiferdisen :
 Tezmer ad tili d tumyigt (verbale): d tafyirt yesan amyag (iman-is kan) yeftin.

MD: yečča: y------: (amatar udmawan) amigaw -Qqimen: -----n: d amigaw

----čča: (afeggag) d aseɣru qqim...: d aseɣru

 Tezmer ad tili d tarumyigt (non verbale/nominale): d tin ur nesi ara amyag, tesɛa :

- D: “d” n tilawt (deg twuri d asilaw)

- Isem: neɣ d arbib (d amellal), neɣ d amqim: ilelli (d kečč), Ameskan (d wa).

MD: D axxam, D: n tilawt / d asilaw;

axxam: d aseɣru.

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8-1-2 Tafyirt taḥerfit (phrase simple): d tafyirt taddayt (tumyigt / tarumyigt) + asemmad (yiwen
neɣ ugar)
Tafyirt taḥerfit tumyigt : Deg tefyirt taḥerfit tumyigt, yezmer ad yili umyag akked yisemmaden.
Maca (meɛna) d amyag i d ul n tefyirt acku tzemreḍ ad tekkseḍ isemmaden, tafyirt ur txeṛṛeb ara ɣas
ma tezmer ad txas deg unamek, maca ma tekkseḍ amyag tenger tefyirt-nni dayen.
MD: yura unelmad aḍris: d tafyirt taḥerfit tumyigt
-yura (d tafyirt taddayt tumyigt) + ‘unelmad aḍris’ (d isemmaden) = tafyirt taḥerfit tumyigt.

Tafyirt taḥerfit tarumyigt : mi ara tili tefyirt ur tesɛi ara amyag, qqaren-as tafyirt tarumyigt.
Aseɣru (ayen yellan d llsas) n tefyirt am ta, mačči d amyag maca d awal-nni i yellan deffir ‘’d’’ n
tilawt (d isem, d arbib, d amqim). Ihi tafyirt taddayt tarumyigt + asemmad = tafyirt taḥerfit
tarumyigt
MD : -D amaru : (d tafyirt taddayt tarumyigt) + ameqqran (d asemmad) = tafyirt taḥerfit tarumyigt
-D tiberkanin (d tafyirt taddayt tarumyigt) + wallen-is (d isemmaden) = tafyirt taḥerfit tarumyigt

8-1-3 Tafyirt tuddist (phrase composée)

Tafyirt mi tesɛa aseɣru (ama d umyig ama d arumyig) uɣur i d-rnan yisemmaden qqaren-as
tafyirt taḥerfit. Mi ara yili tesɛa sin yisumar (sin n yiseɣra) neɣ ugar qqaren-as tafyirt tuddist.
 Tafyirt tuddist : asagel (Tuggla) (subordination)

Mi ara yili usumer yugel ɣer wayeḍ (iɛelleq ɣur-s, ur yezmir ara ad yili i yiman-is), assaɣ-nni i
ten-yurzen qqaren-as tuggla/ asagel (subordination).
Asumer agejdan (principal) d win yellan d llsas n tefyirt (yezmer ad yili weḥd-s).
Asumer imsentel (amugil) (subordonée) d asumer-nni ur nezmir ara ad yili iman-is (ur yrsɛi
ara anamek iman-is), iteqqen ɣur-s s umata s tesɣunt.

Md : 1- skud mazal tarwa n leḥlal, ur as-nkennu i lqid

Tasɣunt n wakud Asumer imsentel (amugil) n wakud Asumer agejdan

2- Yettazzal amzun d aɛudiw

Asumer agejdan Tasɣunt n tuggla (aserwes) Asumer amugil (imsentel) n userwes
Tisɣunin n tuggla: tasɣunt i iteqqnen gar usumer agejdan (proposition principale) d usumer
imsentel (proposition subordonée) tezmer ad tessenfali (ad tesken):

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 BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight

1. Iswi; Tisɣunin n yiswi (but): akken, iwakken, bac, bac akken.

2. Tamentilt; Tisɣunin n tmentilt (cause): acku, axaṭer, imi. Daymi, seg wakken

3. Tawtilt ; Tisɣunin n tewtilt (condition): limer, lemmer, lukan, ma.

4. Akud ; Tisɣunin n wakud (temps): mi, asmi, segmi, armi, ar, skud, qbel, alama, ticki.

5. Tanmegla ; Tisɣunin n tenmegla (opposition) : ɣas (xas), ɣas ulama, ɣas akken.

6. Aserwes ; Tisɣunin n userwes (comparaison) : amzun, amwakken, am, zun, abḥal.

 Tafyirt tuddist : Taɣuni (coordination)

Isumar n tefyirt yesɛan assaɣ d taɣuni ttilin d ilelliyen ( yiwen ur yeqqin ɣer wayeḍ, Asumer 01,
Asumer 02) s unamek kan, neɣ s tesɣunin n tɣuni. Isumar-a zemren ad beddlen imeṭqan-nsen war
ma ibeddel unamek. Tisɣunin n tɣuni d ti:
Afran: neɣ, ama. (MD: ad iruḥ neɣ ad yeqqim)
Assumer ilelli 01 tasɣunt n ufran asumer ilelli 02
Tanmegla: maca, wannag, lamaɛna. (yuɛer maca yeḥrec)
Timerna: rnu, yerna..
Analkam : ihi, dɣa.
Asmiwer: yettili-d s ticert gar yisumar (…… , ………. , ……..)
 Tafyirt tuddist : asumer amassaɣ (relative)
Asumer amassaɣ, d asumer amugil; meḥsub weḥd-s ur yewwiḍ ara d tafyirt, ilaq-as usumer
agejdan iɣer ara yeqqen. D acu kan asumer amassaɣ d isem neɣ d amqim iɣer iteqqen mačči d amyag.
Yezmer ad yeqqen srid ɣer yisem neɣ s umassaɣ. Ha-ten-a yimassaɣen yellan: i/ay, s-way-s/s/i-s,
ideg/deg-way-deg, /iɣef/ɣef-way-deg, wukkud/ukkud, /iɣer/uɣur, /iseg, anda, ansi.
Md : 1- Ḥemmleɣ axxam anda luleɣ.
Asumer agejdan Asumer amassaɣ
2- Yuɣal-d uqcic i ijaḥen. .
Asumer agejdan Asumer amassaɣ
3- D netta i iruḥen
Asumer agejdan Asumer amassaɣ

 Asfari s usentel ( progression thématique): d amek yesnernay yiwen tiktiwin-is deg

umeslay mi ara d-yettmeslay neɣ ad d-yettaru. Nesɛa;

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1) Asfari s usentel imezgi: mi ara d-nettmeslay kan ɣef yiwen n usentel si tazwara alma d taggara,
imqimen iwṣilen d yimataren udmawanen ad ttuɣalen ɣef usentel-nni s tuget. Asfari-ya yettili aṭas deg
wullis MD. Yidir yesla i usgerweḥ n yemma-s…yusa-t-id yiḍes, yuɣal yerna tanafa…
2) Asfari s usentel asuddim: ad nesɛu asentel amatu , ad d-frurin seg-s yisental imeẓẓyanen,
ula d nutni ad bḍun d isental… asfari-ya, yettili deg uḍris agelman akked usegzay. MD. Matub
(asentel), tafekka-s…, udem-is… allen-is…, acebbub-is…, lecfar-is…
3) Asfari s usentel imzireg: mi ara yili yisalli n tefyirt 1ut d winna i d asentel n tefyirt i d-
yeṭṭafaren. Asfari-ya sumata yettili deg tmedyezt. MD.
Lekdeb, yurew-d lbaṭel.
Lbaṭel, d baba-s n lxuf.
Lxuf, yurew-d tirruggza.
Tirruggza, teɣleb-tent yakk. [L. A. Mangellat]
 Asezwer Asezwer aḥerfi, d tiririt n kra n usemmad deg yinaw ama ɣer tazwara, ama ɣer
taggara n tefyirt. Maca, war ma ibeddel useɣru n yinaw aḥerfi, Anamek n waya, d aseɣru n
tefyirt tamagnut i d aseɣru n tefyirt s usezwer.
 Asezwer aḥerfi n usemmad imsegzi.
 Asezwer aḥerfi n usemmad usrid.
 Asezwer aḥerfi n usemmad arusrid.
Kra n yimedyaten ɣef usezwer aḥerfi, acku asezwer uzmir ur aɣ-yerzi ara.
Tasleḍt :
1. Axsim, ad as-tizdig tesweɛt. (ad as-tizdig tesweɛt i uxsim).
- Axsim : d isem asuf amalay deg waddad ilelli, d anmel n usentel.(deg usezwer aḥerfi).
Ma yella deg tefyirt tamagnut, tawuri-s, d asemmad arusrid i d-teggar tenzeɣt tuzzigt “ i ”.
- Ad : d tazelɣa n wurmir.
- As : d amqim awsil n umyag, d asemmad arusrid.
- Tizdig : d amyag yeftin ɣer wurmir, udem wis kraḍ asuf unti.
- T— : d amatar udmawan, d amigaw.
- Zdig : d afeggag, d aseɣru umyig.
- Tesweɛt : d isem asuf unti deg waddad amaruz, d asemmad imsegzi.
2. Lekdeb, bnan-as axxam. (bnan axxam i lekdeb).

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BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight
-Lekdeb : d isem asuf amalay, war ticreḍt n waddad amaruz, d anmel n usentel (deg usezwer
aḥerfi). Ma yella deg tefyirt tamagnut, tawuri-s, d asemmad arusrid deg waddad amaruz
(uxsim) i d-teggar tenzeɣt tuzzigt “ i ”.
- Bnan : d amyag yeftin ɣer yizri, udem wis kraḍ asget amalay.
- Bna : d afeggag, d aseɣru umyig.
- —N : d amatar udmawan, d amigaw.
- As : d amqim awsil n umyag, d asemmad arusrid.
- Axxam : d isem asuf amalay deg waddad ilelli, d asemmad usrid.
3. Idurar, nedheɣ yis-sen (nedheɣ s yidurar).
- Idurar : d isem asget amalay deg waddad ilelli, d anmel n usentel (deg usezwer aḥerfi).
Ma yella deg tefyirt tamagnut, tawuri-s, d asemmad arusrid i d-teggar tenzeɣt taruzzigt “ s ” n
wallal deg waddad amaruz (yidurar).
- Nedheɣ : d amyag yeftin ɣer yizri, udem amezwaru asuf.
- —ɣ : d amatar udmawan, d amigaw.
- Nedh : d afeggag, d aseɣru umyig.
- Yis : d tanzeɣt.
- Sen : d amqim awsil n tenzeɣt, d asemmad arusrid.

 Taseftit (conjugaison):
1. Amyag
Amyag; d awal yemmal tigawt (action) (ffeɣ, ddu, aru…) neɣ taɣara (etat) (imɣur, ifsus, icbiḥ,
ibrik…)

 Amyag ifetti:
-Ilmend n wudmawen: ddiɣ (nekk), teddiḍ (kečč), yedda (netta), ddan (nutni)…;
-ilmend (ɛlaḥsab) n tmeẓra (temps): ddiɣ (izri), ad dduɣ (urmir), ttedduɣ (urmir ussid)…
 Talɣa taḥerfit (l’infinitif du verbe) d talɣa n umyag mi ara yili ulac d acu i yernan ɣur-s: awi,
sel, ddu, imlul, aru, xdem…
2-Timeẓra n umyag (les temps):

Timeẓri Tabadut Amedya

Izri ilaw Tigawt-is tɛedda, teḍra, Xedmeɣ, uriɣ

tfukk dayen.

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BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight
Tigawt-is tɛedda maca ur Ur xdimeɣ ara,
Izri ibaw teḍri ara. Tibawt tezmer urǧin xdimeɣ,
ad tili s: ur…ara,
ur…wara, ur, urǧin,
mačči…

Urmir aḥerfi Tigawt-is urɛad teḍri, ahat ad Ad xedmeɣ,

teḍru ɣer sdat ad ruḥeɣ

Tigawt-is ɣezzifet, Xeddmeɣ,

Urmir ussid (tettuɛawad), d tigawt n ttruḥuɣ
tnnumi yezmer ad yili s tussda n
tergalt, neɣ s tmerna n ‘’tt’’
ɣer tazwara

Amyag : Afeggag d umatar udmawan :

Mi ara yefti umyag, ttilin deg-s sin yimuren : afeggag akked umatar udmawan.
 Amatar udmawan : yemmal-d win i ixedmen tigawt neɣ win terza tigawt n umyag.
Yettbeddil ilmend n wudmawen.
 Afeggag : d ayen i d-yettɣimin mi ara tekkseḍ amatar. Yettbeddil ilmend n tmeẓra.

Nekk walaɣ ; ad waliɣ ; ttwaliɣ (wala, wali, ttwali: afeggag, ----ɣ: d amatar udmawan)
3-amaɣun (participe)
Amɣun, d amyag mi ara yili s talɣa-nni ur nettbeddil ara akken tebɣu tili tewsit d umḍan n
yisem neɣ n umqim uɣur yeqqen. Yal timeẓri n umyag tesɛa amaɣun-ines :
Amaɣun Amaɣun n yizri Amaɣun n yizri Amaɣun n Amaɣun n
ilaw ibaw wurmir aḥerfi wurmir ussid

i/y +afeggag n Tazelɣa n tibawt Ara+ i/y/ye i/ye + afeggag n

umyag deg yizri + n + afeggag n +afeggag n umyag deg
talɣa-ines ilaway + (e)n umyag deg yizri umyag deg wurmir ussid
ibaw wurmir aḥerfi + +(e)n
(e)n

amedya Iruḥen, Ur nruḥ, ara iruḥen, Yettruḥun,

yeččan ur nečči ara yeččen itetten

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BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight

4- Talɣa tasuddimt n umyag

Amur ameqqran n yimyagen sεan talɣa taherfit (tamezwarut) akked talɣa tasuddimt(tis snat).
Amyag asuddim d amyag yulɣen s tmerna n uzwir (préfixe) i talɣa taherfit.
Talɣiwin tisuddimin n umyag d tigi:
 Asswaɣ: D talɣa i d-yeskanayen belli amigaw (ameskar) yexdem tigawt ɣef wayeḍ; yettaleɣ s
tmerna n uzwir: ‘s’ neɣ ‘ss’ i umyag deg talɣa tamezwarut.
Md: Mmekti Smekti. Ers Sers. qdec seqdec

 Attwaɣ: D talɣa i d-yeskanayen belli tigawt teḍra ɣef umigaw; deg tuget, yettaleɣ s tmerna n
uzwir: ‘tt’ neɣ ‘ttw’ i umyag.
Md: Kkes→ Ttwakkes. Ciwer→Ttuciwer.
Am wakken llan yittwaɣen yettalɣen s: ‘mm’ neɣ ‘nn’
Md: Els→Mmels. Qleb→Nneqlab, ɛdem→Nneɛdam.
 Amyaɣ: D talɣa i d-yeskanayen belli tigawt-nni sin i tt-ixedmen; yettaleɣ s tmerna n uzwir:
«m» neɣ «my» i umyag yellan deg talɣa taherfit.
Md: Ciwer→Mcawar. Zwir→Myezwir.

 Talɣa tasuddimt tuddist : talɣiwin tisuddimin n umyag zemrent ad mlilent gar-asent akken ad
d-
Fkent yiwet n talɣa d tuddist. Talɣa tasuddimt tuddist tettaleɣ s tmerna n yizwiren i talɣa tamezwarut n
umyag. Talɣa-agi tettaleɣ s tmerna n ‘s’ akked ‘m’ neɣ n ‘m’ akked ‘s’.
Md : rwel (talɣa tamezwarut) → serwel (aswaɣ) → myerwel (amyaɣ) → mserwel (talɣa tuddist).
 Amyag amsukay: d amyag i iqebblen asemmad usrid akken ad yemmed (ad yekmel) unamek-is.
MD: yeswa aman.
Yeswa: d amyag amsukay
Aman: d asemmad usrid
Amedya n umyag amsuk: Ddem, sel, gzem, nqec, cnu, ffer, els, ečč, ldi, af...
 Amyag aramsukay: d amyag i iqebblen asemmad imsegzi, ur iqebbel ara asemmad usrid akken ad
yemmed unamek-is.
MD: yeɣli uqcic.
Yeɣli: d amyag aramsukay
Uqcic: d asemmad imsegzi (Kker, ini, nṭeq, bedd, fsi, ers, freḥ, gen...)

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BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight

 Azal n wurmir: Urmir d yiwet n tmeẓra I yellan deg tmaziɣt, tigawt deg-smazal ur tebdi ara,
tezmer ad teḍru ɣer sdat (dey yimal), urmir yezmerad yesɛu azal n:
 Imal: MD: azekka ad nawi arracn uɣerbaz ad merrḥen.
 Asfillet: MD: ad yeldi rebbi fell-awen tiwwura n lxir.
 Tarelkint: MD: argaz-a, ad yili d tizya n baba.
 Tannumi:MD: Deg yennayer, ad nezlu ayaẓiḍ.

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BAC 2023 Mass: BOUKHENNAf Karim Page facebook: BAC Tamazight

Kra n yiwellihen deg ufares s tira (production écrite) (08 points)

Aḍris ad yili wanaw-is ilmend n wayen i d-yessuter deg-nneɣ useqsi,
ma yenna-d: ales-d (d ullis), segzi-d (d imsegzi), glem-d (d aglam).
 Udem n ufaris :
- tira-inu ilaq ad tettwafhem.
- Ad ǧǧeɣ ilem qbel yal taseddart.
- ad ǧǧeɣ ajerriḍ gar tseddart d tayeḍ.
 Anaw n uḍris :
- Aqader n tecraḍ n wanaw n uḍris: ama d ullis, d agelman, neɣ d imsegzi.
- Tikta ddant d usentel.
- Taɣessa n uḍris tefrez. (yal anaw s tɣessa-ines, cfu fell-asent !)
 Tutlayt :
- ad sqedceɣ amawal ilaqen i usentel.
- ad smerseɣ inammalen iwatan (akud, adeg… ).
- ad sseftɣ imyagen ɣer tmeẓra iwatan.
- ad sqedceɣ isemmaden akken i d-yewwi ad ilin.
- ad sneqseɣ tuccḍiwin n tira (tussda, tamsertit, asekkil ameqqran, tira n yilem (e) …
- ad sxedmeɣ Asigez (ponctuation) n uḍris.
 Taseddast / tazḍawt :
- Tifyar d tummidin, kemlent.
- Tuqqna gar tefyar akked tuqqna gar tseddarin.
S wakka ad tiliḍ theyyaḍ iman-ik i ukayad n BAC deg tmaziɣt, rnu xdem kra seg
yisental n BAC n yiseggasen iɛeddan akken ad tesɛuḍ tikti amek i d-yettas ukayad
s umata.
TAMAWT: isental n BAC s useɣti-nsen tzemrem ad tent-afem deg:
Page Facebook: BAC tamazight

Afud igerrzen, tawenza yefsan deg BAC 2023

Aselmad-nwen: Mass Karim BOUKHENNAF

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