REVIEWER FOR FINAL EXAMINATION OF SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, AND

SOCIETY

Communication- Has made communication cheaper, quicker, and more efficient; opened face-
to-face communication for people from different parts of the world
GMO- Any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering
techniques.
Topography- . Surface features of an object or how it looks its texture, direct relation between
these features and materials properties
Martin Cooper Motorola- Was the first who made a phone call on April 3, 1973.
Flavr Savr tomato- First commercialized genetically modified food.
Genetic Engineering- Any of a wide range of techniques.
Norio Taniguchi -. The person to first used the term nanotechnology on 1974.
Richard Feynman- Founder of Nanotechnology.
Gene therapy- Insertion of genes into an individual's cells and tissues to treat a disease,
such as a hereditary disease
Technology- Application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes
Humanities- Refers to the kind feelings humans often have for each other
Robots- Another great product of the innovative minds of people; actuated mechanism
programmable in two or more axes with degree of autonomy
Bill Joy- He argues that humans are becoming endangered because of the most powerful 21st
century technologies such as robotics, genetic engineering, nanotech, and many others.
Information Age- Also referred to as Computer Ages and New Media Age in the historic period
in the 21st century
Globalization- Has brought the world together; sharing of information became more quick and
efficient
Mouse- The first genetically modified animal that is created in 1974.
GloFish- . The first commercialized genetically modified animal in 2003.
AquAdvantage salmon- The first approved genetically modified animal for food use in 2015.
Nanotechnology- The understanding and control of matter at the nanometer scale.
1975- The development of a regulatory framework concerning genetic engineering began in
1975 at Asilomar, California.
2000- The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety was adopted on 29 January 2000
1974- Norio Taniguchi was the person to first used the term nanotechnology on 1974
Stem Cell Therapy-Potential to develop into many different cell types in the body during early
life and growth
Cost-effectiveness- Has led the computerization of business processes (i.e. using BOT
automation) that increased work productivity, gained more profit and better pay
Climate-The usual condition of the temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, rainfall
Global Warming- Slow increase in the average temperature of the earth’s atmosphere
Latitude- The measurement of distance north or south of the Equator
Elevation- The distance above sea level.
TALEN- Engineered Nucleases - have greater target specificity.
CRISPR- . Engineered Nucleases - easier to design and more efficient.
 The first genetically modified organism was a bacteria by Herbert Boyer and Stanley
Cohen in 1973. It is resistant to the antibiotic, kanamycin.
 The first genetically modified animal is a mouse created in 1974 by Rudolf Jaenisch.
 In 1983, the first genetically modified plant was produced.
 Flavr Savr tomato was the first commercialized genetically modified food.
 The first commercialized genetically modified animal was the GloFish in 2003.
 AquAdvantage salmon was the first approved genetically modified animal for food use in
2015.
 A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come
to harm.
 A robot must obey the orders given by human beings except where such orders would
conflict with the first law.
 A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with
the first and second law.
 The Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety was adopted on 29 January 2000 and entered into
force on 11 September 2003.
 There are four biosafety levels that a laboratory can fall into, ranging from level 1 (which
is suitable for working with agents not associated with disease) to level 4 (working with
life-threatening agents).
 The Asilomar meeting recommended a set of guidelines regarding the cautious use of
recombinant technology and any products resulting from that technology.
 Internet was developed in the 1970s.
 By the end of 1980, PC had become widespread. In the 1990s, the World Wide Web
(www) was developed mainly for commercial purposes.
 Because all systems in the global climate system are connected, adding heat energy
causes the global climate as a whole to change.
 Much of the world is covered with ocean, which heats up. When the ocean heats up, more
water evaporates into clouds.
 Where storms like hurricanes and typhoons are forming, the result is more energy-
intensive storms.
 Increasing carbon sequestration and conservation – through carbon sinks and by
improving vegetation management or sustainable land management (SLM) techniques.
 Under the Kyoto Protocol, reforestation and afforestation of degraded land were already
identified as project types that increase sequestration.
 The prefix "nano" comes from a Greek word meaning dwarf.
 There are one billion nanometers in one meter.
 .According to the Environmental Protection Agency, 1-100 nm is the size range of a
nanomaterial.
 Norio Taniguchi was the person to first use the term nanotechnology on 1974.
 The Founder of Nanotechnology is Richard Feynman.
 A normal gene may be inserted into a non-specific location within the genome to replace
a non-functional gene. This approach is most common.
 An abnormal gene could be swapped for a normal gene through homologous
recombination.
 The abnormal gene could be repaired through selective reverse mutation, which returns
the gene to its normal function.
  The regulation (the degree to which a gene is turned on or off) of a particular gene could
be altered.
 . Heat is energy and when you add energy to any system changes occur.

Roles of Electromechanical television:

1. platform for advertisements and information dissemination
2. recreational activity
3. good stress reliever
4. platform for different propagandas and advocacies
Roles of Mobile phones by Martin Cooper:
1. used for communication
2. surf Internet
3. picture taking
Major Effects of Climate Change:
1. Rising temperature
2. Shrinking ice sheets
3. Sea level rises
4. Biodiversity depletion
5. Ocean acidification
6. Extreme weather
Uses of gene therapy:
1. Replace missing or defective genes;
2. Deliver genes that speed the destruction of cancer cells;
3. Supply genes that cause cancer cells to revert back to normal cells;
4. Deliver bacterial or viral genes as a form of vaccination;
5. Provide genes that promote or impede the growth of new tissue; and
6. Deliver genes that stimulate the healing of damaged tissue.
Major Sectors Using Technologies:
1. Education Sector
2. Agricultural Sector
3. Transportation Sector
4. Communication Sector
Advantages of IT:
1. Globalization
2. Communication
3. Cost-effectiveness
4. Creation of new jobs