SAN ANTONIO INFOTECH SCHOOL INC.

143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon

(043) 703-2273
Science 7
Quarter 1

Week 3
Lesson 3. Diversity and Materials in the Environment: Substances and Mixture; Elements and Compounds

Learning Objectives:
The students will be able to:
 State that matter can be classified into substances and mixtures;
 Explain that a substance has unique properties that distinguish it from a mixture;
 Investigate the properties of mixtures.

Classification of Matter
Matter can be classified into:
 A substance is a matter with definite or fixed composition and distinct properties.
 A mixture is a combination of two or more substances that do not react chemically with each other
and retain their distinct identities despite their being combined.

Substances
 Substances are classified into elements and compounds.
 All materials found in the environment are composed of the simplest form of matter called element,
a substance that is composed of only one kind of atom. It cannot be decomposed into simpler
substances through ordinary chemical means.
 Elements are also referred to as the building blocks of matter because when they react with each
other, they form compounds.
 A compound is a substance that is made up of two or more elements chemically combined in fixed
proportions by mass.

Mixtures
 Mixtures play an important role in the daily activities of people. Both seawater and freshwater are
complex mixtures of many substances.
 Mixtures are grouped in to two: homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures.

Homogeneous Mixtures

 A homogeneous mixture is made up of only one phase.

 A phase is a region in a chemical system with properties distinctly different from other regions.
 The composition of this kind of mixture is the same throughout the mixture and the substances that
compose it can be separated only by physical methods such as evaporation or filtration.
 A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances dissolved in another substance.
Solutions appear uniform to the naked eye.
1
 SAN ANTONIO INFOTECH SCHOOL INC.
143 ME C. Harina Street, Poblacion, San Antonio, Quezon
(043) 703-2273
Science 7
Quarter 1

 A colloid is another type of homogeneous mixture that is made up of particles whose size is
between that of the particles of a suspension and the particles of a solution. When these particles
are mixed, they are evenly distributed in the mixture but eventually they will settle.
Heterogeneous Mixtures

 A heterogeneous mixture is made up of more than one phase.

 The composition of this kind of mixture is not uniform throughout the mixture and the substances
that compose it can be separated only by physical methods.
 A suspension is a type of heterogeneous mixture that is made up of suspended solid particles that
settle only to the bottom of the suspension’s container when the suspension is left to stand for
some time.
 It does not appear heterogeneous to the naked eye.