2. Phn loi Phc Cht C nhiu cch khc nhau phn loi phc cht.

. + Da vo loi hp cht ngi ta phn bit: Axit phc: H2[SiF6], H[AuCl4].. Baz phc: [Ag(NH3)2]OH, [Co En3](OH)3. Mui phc: K2[HgI4], [Cr(H2O)6]Cl3. + Da vo du in tch ca ion phc: Phc cht cation: [Co(NH3)6]Cl3, [Zn(NH3)4]Cl2. Phc chat anion: Li[AlH4] Phc cht trung ha: [Pt(NH3)2Cl2, [Co(NH3)3Cl3] Cc phc cht trung ha khng c cu ngoi. Phc tp hn cc trng hp phc cht gm cation phc v anion phc. + Da theo bn cht ca phi t ngi ta phn bit: Phc cht aqu ,phi t l H2O: [Co(H2O)6]SO4. Phc cht amoniacat hay amminat, phi t l NH3: [Ag(NH3)2]Cl, [Cu(NH3)4]SO4 Phc axit phi t l gc ca cc axit khc nhau: K4[Fe(CN)6], K2[HgI4]. Phc cht hidroxo phi t l cc nhm OH-: K3[Al(OH)6]. Phc cht hidrua, phi t l cc ion hidrua: Li[AlH4]. Phc cht c kim, phi t l cc gc hu c: Na[Zn(C3H5)3], Li3[Zn(C6H5)3]. Phc cht phi t l cc phn t cha bo ha nh etilen, propilen, cacbon oxit.V d nh K[PtCl3(C2H4)].H2O, [Fe(C5H5)2]Trong cc phc trn cc phi t lin kt vi cc nguyn t kim loi nh cc electron ca cc phn t cha bo ha. + Da theo cu trc ca cu ni phc Theo s nhn to thnh phc cht ngi ta phn bit phc cht n nhn v phc cht nhiu nhn. V d phc cht hai nhn [(NH3)5Cr-OH-Cr(NH3)5Cl5. Da theo s khng c hay c cc vng trong thnh phn ca phc cht ngi ta phn bit phc cht n gin v phc cht vng

Hp cht qu phc: trong cc hp cht ny s cc phi t vt qu spt ca cht to phc. Poliaxit ng th v d th: Polaxit l nhng phc cht oxo nhiu nhn cha cu ni oxi. Nu axit cha nhn ca cng mt nguyn t th l poliaxit ng th , v d: H2[-O-SiO2...SiO2-O]H2 . 2.4 Mt s phng php c bn trong tng hp phc cht + Tng hp phc cht da vo phn ng th: Phn ng th trong dung dch nc Phn ng th trong dung mi khng nc S ph ly nhit cc phc cht rn

+ Tng hp phc cht da vo phn ng oxi ha kh. + Phn ng ca cc phi t phi tr. + Tng hp cc cacbonyl kim loi v hp cht ciw kim. Tng hp cacbonyl kim loi Tng h cc phc cht cu olefin vi kmi loi Tng hp cc phc cht Sandwich Tng hp trng thi plasma Tng hp phc cht trng thi hi ca kim loai

+ Tng hp nhit cao: