Circular Motion

LECTURE 6
Relative Angular Velocity
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Circular Motion
LECTURE 6
Relative Angular Velocity
Relative Angular Velocity

VB
A θ1
VA

θ2
r

B
Circular Motion
Just as velocities are always relative, similarly B
angular velocity is also always relative. v

Consider a particle B moving along a circular path

β α
Here angular velocity of the particle B w.r.t A O
‘O’ and ‘A’ will be different
 B ωB/O =
θ

O
v
Vertical circular motion
Angular velocity of a particle B w.r.t O. B

dα
ωBO =
dt
β α
Angular velocity of a particle P w.r.t A.
A O
dβ
ωBA =
dt
Relative Angular Velocity
Definition:
Angular velocity of a particle ‘A’ with respect to the other moving particles ‘B’ is the
rate at which position vector of ‘A’ with respect to ‘B’ rotates at that instant. Angular
velocity of A w.r.t. B, ωAB is mathematically define as :

Component of relative velocity of A w.r.t. B B

perpendicular to line
ωAB =
Separation between A and B
β α
A
(VAB) ⊥
ωAB = O
rAB
Example Find the angular velocity of A w.r.t. B in the figure given below :

VB
VA sinθ2 + VB sinθ1
A. A θ1
r

VA cosθ1 + VB cosθ2
B. r
r θ2

C. VA sinθ1 + VB sinθ2
B
r
D. None of these
Solution:
(VAB) rAB = r
ωAB = ⊥
rAB
(VAB)⊥ = VA sinθ1 + VB sinθ2 VB
θ1
A VA

ωAB = VA sinθ1 + VB sinθ2 θ2

r
r
B
Example A particle A is moving with constant speed in a circle as shown, find the
angular velocity of the particle A with respect to fixed points B and C, if
angular velocity w.r.t. O is ω.
A. ω/2, ω/3
B. ω/3, ω/2
C. ω, ω
D. None of these v

C B O A

r r r
Solution: v

Angular velocity of A with respect to O is ;

2r
(VAO)⊥ v 3r
r
ωAO = r = = ω
AO r O A
B
C
Angular velocity of A with respect to B is ;

(VAB)⊥ v ω
∴ ωAB = = =
rAB 2r 2
v

Angular velocity of A with respect to C is ;

(VAC)⊥ v ω
∴ ωAC = = = C B A
rAC 3r 3 O
3r
Example Find the angular velocity of A w.r.t. B at the instant as shown in
the figure.

A. v/d d
B. v/3d V
C. v/2d 450 A
D. 2v/d

d V
450

B
Solution:

Angular velocity of A with respect to B is ;

(VAB)⊥
ωA = rAB
B d
V
(VAB)⊥= V/√2 – – V/√2 = √2 V
450
A
rAB = √2 d
d V
(VAB)⊥
√2 V
∴ ωAB = = 450
rAB √2 d
V B
∴ ωAB =
d
Example A small sphere is given vertical velocity of magnitude v0=5 ms-1 and it swings in
a vertical plane about the end of massless string.The angle θ with the vertical at
which string will break, knowing that it can withstand a maximum tension equal
to twice the weight of the sphere, is?
A. cos-1 2/3
B. cos-1 (1/4) R=2m
C. 600
D. 300
5 m/s
 R=2m

5 m/s θ
Example 2 bodies of mass m and 4m are attached to a light string as shown. A body of
mass m hanging from string is executing oscillations with angular amplitude
600 while other body is at rest on a horizontal surface.The minimum
coefficient of friction between mass 4m and the horizontal surface is ? (here
pulley is light and smooth)

A. 1/4
B. 3/4 4m
C. 1/2
μ=?
D. 1/8
600
l

m
Example Find the angle θ VCM along point O? θ=?

A.

θ
B.

C. 2l/3

D.
O
rest
 θ

2l/3 2l/3

O O
rest rest
Example Minimum compression to reach the top point ?

A.
√ 5 mg R
K
top

B.
√ 2K
5 mg R

C.
√ K
4 mg R R

D.
√ K
6 mg R
k
x

m
smooth
Example Minimum compression to reach the top point ? g = 10 m/sec2

A. 1m
B. 2m
C. 3m
D. 4m top

x
K = 100 N/m
10 kg
Rough
L=4m
μ = 1/2
 Finish
Example

R=2m
Find the minimum velocity u for the ball
to reach the Finish!
A. 12 m/s
B. 14 m/s
C. 16 m/s
D. 18 m/s

R=2m

l = 1m
u
rough
μ = 0.8
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