INTRODUCTION TO SOLIDIFICATION SOLIDIFICATION: EXPERIMENTS, NUMERICAL

METHODS, INDUSTRIAL SYSTEMS

Božidar Šarler April 9: Introduction to Solidification

Laboratory for Multiphase Processes
Nova Gorica Polytechnic, Nova Gorica, Slovenia
Institut Podstawowych Problemov Techniki
Polska Akademia Nauk
Centrum Doskonalosci
“Nowoczesne Materialy i Konstrukcje”
Warszawa, Polska, kwiecien 9, 2003
April 14: Mesh-free Methods for Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow
April 23: Numerical Modelling, Experiments, and Optimisation
of the Continuous Casting of Steel
April 28: Numerical Modelling, Experiments, and Optimisation
of the D.C. Casting of Aluminium Alloys
Institut Podstawowych Problemov Techniki
Polska Akademia Nauk
Centrum Doskonalosci
“Nowoczesne Materialy i Konstrukcje”
Warszawa, kwiecien, 2003

SCOPE

Introduction to Nova Gorica Polytechnic

Introduction to Laboratory for Multiphase Processes

Introduction to Solidification

Nova Gorica Polytechnic

ITALY Governing Board

SLOVENIA FOUNDERS
Int. Advisory Predsednik
President
Council J. Stefan Institute
Ljubljana
CHARTER Senate
MEMBERS
Nova Gorica
ELETTRA Student’s Council Provost Municipality
Trieste

Roskilde
University

University of
Torino
EDUCATION RESEARCH SUPPORT
EPFL

University of Schools Laboratories Library

Salzburg
Head, Senate Head
University of
Iowa Students
Rutgers office
University Centres
Head
Dartmouth
College Administration

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 Nova Gorica Polytechnic
EDUCATION RESEARCH ELEMENTARY PARTICLE AND
R&D
School of
Environmental Sciences
Laboratory for
Environmental Research
ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS
Technology

School of Engineering Laboratory for

Park Pierre Auger Collaboration
and Management Astroparticle Physics We build the world largest observatory (3000 km2)
School of Laboratory for
in Malargue, Province of Mendoza, Argentina,
Applied Sciences Epitaxy and Nanostructures to study the Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays
School for Slovenian Laboratory for
with energies above 1019 eV.
Studies Multiphase Processes FINANCING

School for Karst “Edvard Rusjan”

Centre for Cryptography
Studies Foundation

Centre for Atmospheric

School of Restauration
research

ATMOSPHERIC RESEARCH
Transmiter: Nd:YAG laser, 355nm,
LABORATORY FOR MULTIPHASE PROCESSES
95mJ, 15Hz
Receiver: 3 x parabolic mirror (φ=80cm, Prof. Božidar Šarler, Ph.D.
f=41cm) with Hamamatsu R7400
photomultiplyer Jure Mencinger, Ph.D.
DAQ: Licel TR40-160 digitizer
(40MHz, 12bit),
Janez Perko, B.Sc.

Miha Založnik, B.Sc.

Robert Vertnik, B.Sc.

Igor Kovačević, B.Sc.

Time developement of a haze layer (RC, Slo 29.10.2002)

MAIN COLLABORATORS

Prof. Bogdan Filipič, JSI, SI

Prof. Gunther Kuhn, Erlangen-Nuremberg, FRG
Prof. Dominique Gobin, PMC, F
Prof. Ching-Syang Chen, UNLV, USA
Prof. Erkki Laitinen, Oulu, FI
Prof. Miroslav Raudensky, Brno, CZ
Prof. Andrew Nowak, Gliwice, PL

Rajko Šafhalter, B.Sc. IMPOL, SI

Aleš Lagoja, B.Sc. ACRONI, SI
Gojko Manojlovič, B.Sc. INEXA, SI
Ladislav Valek, Ph.D. NOVA HUT, CZ Castle -Yellowstone

2
 Puu Kamoamoa - Hawaii
Antarctics - Wilkes Land

LABORATORY FOR MULTIPHASE PROCESSES

Basic research for a long time in nature

Applied research never before in nature
New technologies we have to have it

From nature towards technology for nature...

Kubanit

Janez Vajkard Valvasor Jožef Stefan

(1641-1693) (1835-1893)

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 OUR BASIC RESEARCH
solidification simulations - basic concept
process parameters
interphase structures microstructure

temperature field phase fractions

velocity field solidified structure
concentration field heat treatment

OUR BASIC RESEARCH OUR BASIC RESEARCH

melting of system with high Prandtl number melting of system with low Prandtl number

D.Gobin & P.Le Quere Benchmark

OUR BASIC RESEARCH

meshless methods for transport phenomena

OUR BASIC RESEARCH

meshless methods for transport phenomena

natural convection of a single phase system natural convection of a solid-liquid system

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 AN EXAMPLE OF OUR APPLIED RESEARCH
flow simulation in D.C. casting of aluminum alloys

real system

numerical model experiment

OUR APPLIED RESEARCH OUR APPLIED RESEARCH

simulation of the radionuclide repository simulation and design of the radionuclide repository

•biosphere
human exposure

•far-field
transport of radionuclides from near field to
rivers, wells, etc.

•near-field
transport of radionuclides from canisters
over the repository walls

use of IAEA approved design codes

Groundwater Flow Results (DRBEM) MODULAR BRICK TB39

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 TB39 TB39 T10

Grid Type III for numerical computation of ice thickness. Grid Type III includes 580 gridpoints,
The equipment for experiment, Prof.Poredoš, Laboratory for Refrigeration, University of Ljubljana 92 on the boundaries and 488 in the domain.

measured thichnesses of ice computed by grid Type I computed by grid Type III
18

16
Approx. 30 mil.tons Approx.1000 mil.tons
14

12
Thickness of ice (mm)

10

0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80
Time (min)
A comparison of measured and computed results of ice thickness using the RBFCM
Product: quality Process: safety, economy, ecology

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 LONGITUDINAL CRACKS SHAPE DEFECTS

TRANSVERSAL CRACKS SHAPE DEFECTS

no cracks correct shape

POROSITY MACROSEGREGATION

MICROSTRUCTURE
INCLUSIONS

no inclusions desired composition and micostructure

HEAT TRANSFER MECHANISMS

HEAT TRANSFER MECHANISMS

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 Temperature and phase fields - billet crossection

Temperature
Temperature Temperature + velocity
Temperature + velocity + velocity + macrosegregation
field field + macrosegragation field +
field microstructure
scheme of modelling complexity

constructed in 1987 (Mannesmann-Demag)

capacity 350.000 ton/year
slabs [80-160 cm]x[16, 20, 25 cm]

constructed in 1986 (Concast)

capacity 150.000 ton/year
billets [14, 18, 22 cm]2

IMPOL d.d., 4. april 2003

REGULATION SYSTEM ACRONI-JESENICE

Regulation algorithm: maximum change of surface temperature as a function of

coolant flow of the first coolant system

60

40

20
∆T [°C]

zgornja stran
0
spodnja stran

-20

-40

-60
-150 -100 -50 0 50 100 150

∆Q [l/min]

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NEW D.C. CASTING DEVICE AUTOMATIC PROCESS OPTIMISATION IN
MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY

PROCESS

SIMULATOR APOMAT
2001-2004
COST FUNCTION
P3
OPTIMISATOR 1998-2001

512
2002 1994-1998

OVERALL FUNDING PATTERN RESEARCH FUNDING PATTERN

basic
state
research

E.U.
applied teaching NATO industry
research SI-FR-D-CZ