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Cont and Diff
Cont and Diff
JEE
Continuity & Differentiability
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Nature of Chapter:
1. These two topics are purely definition based. No multiple concepts are
there.
2. You should be very good at G.I.F. , as its used in most of the questions in
these topics.
3. You should be knowing std formats of Limits, before starting this chapter.
Continuity at a Point
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Continuity at a Point
If
i.e.
is equal to
A 9/2
B 2/9
C 0
D -9/2
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is equal to
A 9/2
B 2/9
C 0
D -9/2
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is equal to
Solution:
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Continuity at a Point
Q
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Solution:
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Solution:
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Recall
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Solution:
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Q
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Solution:
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B continuous at x = 0, and x = 1
B continuous at x = 0, and x = 1
D
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D
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Solution:
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Q
is continuous function
Now let’s see an example, when given function is itself a limit of sth.
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Q If x = u is a point of discontinuity of
then the value of cos u is
A 0
B 1/2
C (-1)n
D 1
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Q If x = u is a point of discontinuity of
then the value of cos u is
A 0
B 1/2
C (-1)n
D 1
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Solution:
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Q The function is
discontinuous at
A x = 1 only
B x = 3 only
C x = 1 and 3
D x = 0, 1 and 2
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Q The function is
discontinuous at
A x = 1 only
B x = 3 only
C x = 1 and 3
D x = 0, 1 and 2
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Solution:
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Solution:
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Continuity at a Point
Q Check continuity of
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Q Check continuity of
Solution:
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Continuity at a Point
A a = 0, b = 1
B a = 3, b = 2
C a = 1, b = 2
D a = 2, b = 3
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A a = 0, b = 1
B a = 3, b = 2
C a = 1, b = 2
D a = 2, b = 3
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Solution:
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If the function
is equal to
A 11
B 8
C 2e4 + 8
D 10
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If the function
is equal to
A 11
B 8
C 2e4 + 8
D 10
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Solution:
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Q Let If f(x) is
Q Let If f(x) is
Solution:
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Q If is continuous at x = 0
A (±1, 3)
B (1, ±3)
C (-1, -3)
D (1, 3)
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Q If is continuous at x = 0
A (±1, 3)
B (1, ±3)
C (-1, -3)
D (1, 3)
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Solution:
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Observation
For
Try to observe
fog (2) =
fog (3) =
fog (1) =
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Continuity of composite functions
Observation
For
Try to observe
fog (1-) =
fog (1+) =
fog (2-) =
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Q
If
Ans: 62
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Solution:
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Continuity of composite functions
Remark
and
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Solution:
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Q Let , then y is
discontinuous only at x =
A 1, 2
B 1, -2
C 1, ½, 2
D None of these
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Q Let , then y is
discontinuous only at x =
A 1, 2
B 1, -2
C 1, ½, 2
D None of these
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Solution:
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Continuity in an Interval
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Continuity in an Interval
Types of Discontinuity
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DISCONTINUITY
Removable Irremovable
Discontinuity Discontinuity
of 1st Kind of 2nd Kind
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Types of Discontinuity
Removable discontinuity
exists but is not equal to f(a)
m
(Also called jump discontinuity)
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Types of Discontinuity
Discontinuity of 2nd Kind
Eg : is essential discontinuous at x = 0
Eg : is essential discontinuous at x = 0
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A f(x) is continuous at x = 2.
A f(x) is continuous at x = 2.
f(b)
f(a)
a b
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Intermediate Value Theorem
Special case:
If f(x) is continuous in [a, b] and f(a) × f(b) < 0 then f(x) has at least one root in (a, b).
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Differentiability
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LHD and RHD at x = a
For a function y = f(x) its Right Hand Derivative and Left Hand
Derivative are defined as:
Q If f ’(a+) = 4 then
A 6
B 7
C 8
D 4
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Q If f ’(a+) = 4 then
A 6
B 7
C 8
D 4
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Q If f ’(a+) = 4 then
Solution:
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LHD and RHD at x = a
Geometrically
Consider
B((a+h), f(a+h))
A(a,f(a))
a a+h
B((a+h), f(a+h))
A(a,f(a))
a a+h
B((a+h), f(a+h))
A(a,f(a))
a a+h
Consider, the following graph and observe that RHD and LHD at x = a
are different.
Y
X
a
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Differentiability at a Point
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Differentiability at a Point
Geometrically
(a) LHD = RHD = finite ⇒ there exists a unique tangent at x = a,
so the graph is smooth.
(b) f(x) has a sharp point, if LHD and RHD exist, but are not equal.
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Differentiability at a Point
Remark
Remark
NOTE
Solution:
LHD RHD
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A LHD = 1, RHD = 0
C LHD = RHD = 0
D None of these
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A LHD = 1, RHD = 0
C LHD = RHD = 0
D None of these
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Solution:
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Differentiability at a Point
Remark
(x − a)|x − a| is differentiable at x = a
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Differentiability at a Point
Q Check differentiability of
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Q Check differentiability of
Solution:
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A f(|x|) is discontinuous at x = 0
B f(|x|) is differentiable at x = 0
C |f(x)| is non-differentiable at x = 0, 2
D |f(x)| is continuous at x = 0
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A f(|x|) is discontinuous at x = 0
B f(|x|) is differentiable at x = 0
C |f(x)| is non-differentiable at x = 0, 2
D |f(x)| is continuous at x = 0
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Solution:
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Solution:
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Differentiability at a Point
Q If is differentiable
A a = 5, b = 3
B a = 7, b = 9
C a = -7, b = 9
D a = 9, b = 7
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Q If is differentiable
A a = 5, b = 3
B a = 7, b = 9
C a = -7, b = 9
D a = 9, b = 7
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Solution:
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Q If is differentiable at every
D
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Q If is differentiable at every
D
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Solution:
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A (1, 0)
C (1, 1)
D
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A (1, 0)
C (1, 1)
D
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Solution:
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Differentiability at a Point
Now, shortcut does not work always, there are few exceptions. There
are two cases where you should not use shortcut.
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(a)
(b)
NOTE
Check continuity before applying shortcut. Shortcut may
give wrong conclusion in case of discontinuous function.
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(a)
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Solution:
NOTE
Do not use shortcut to check differentiability at x = a if f(x)
is defined separately at x = a
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(b)
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Solution:
At x = 0
LHD RHD
Remark
Let
Q
Let . Then at x = 0
Q
Let . Then at x = 0
Remark
A cos(|x|) + |x|
B cos(|x|) - |x|
C sin(|x|) + |x|
D sin(|x|) - |x|
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A cos(|x|) + |x|
B cos(|x|) - |x|
C sin(|x|) + |x|
D sin(|x|) - |x|
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Solution:
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Solution:
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Which of the following functions is not differentiable
Q
at x = 1?
D None of these
Recall
(x − a)|x − a| is differentiable at x = a
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Which of the following functions is not differentiable
Q
at x = 1?
D None of these
Recall
(x − a)|x − a| is differentiable at x = a
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Solution:
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Solution:
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The function f(x) = (x2 - 1) |x2 - 3x + 2| + cos(|x|) is not
Q
differentiable at
A -1
B 0
C 1
D 2
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The function f(x) = (x2 - 1) |x2 - 3x + 2| + cos(|x|) is not
Q
differentiable at
A -1
B 0
C 1
D 2
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The function f(x) = (x2 - 1) |x2 - 3x + 2| + cos(|x|) is not
Q
differentiable at
Solution:
A {𝜋}
C {0}
D {0, 𝜋}
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Let K be the set of all real values of x where the function
Q
f(x) = sin |x| - |x| + 2(x - 𝜋) is not differentiable. Then the
set K is equal to
A {𝜋}
C {0}
D {0, 𝜋}
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Solution:
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Solution:
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The function given by y = ||x| - 1| is differentiable for all
Q
real numbers except the points
A ±1
B {0, 1, -1}
C 1
D -1
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The function given by y = ||x| - 1| is differentiable for all
Q
real numbers except the points
A ±1
B {0, 1, -1}
C 1
D -1
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Solution:
f(x) = ||x| - 1| is non differentiable when |x| = 0 and when |x| - 1 = 0
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Ans: 3
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Solution:
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f(t) = t3 - t2 + t + 1
∴ f’(t) = 3t2 - 2t + 1
Its discriminant = (-2)2 - 4.3.1 = -8 < 0 and coefficient of t2 = 3 > 0
Hence f’(t) > 0 for all real t.
⇒ f(t) is always increasing
Differentiability in an Interval
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Differentiability in an interval
It is differentiable ∀ x ∈ (a,b)