SPM Model Paper

PAPER 1

One hour fifteen minutes

Answer all questions in this paper.

1. Figure 1 shows the arrangement of particles in three chemical

First Second
substances at room temperature.
pair pair
A P and Q R and S
B P and R S and T

I II III C Q and R S and T
Figure 1 D Q and S R and T
Which of the following matches the arrangement of particles above? 4. Figure 3 shows the standard
I II III notation for atoms of element
A aluminium argon mercury X and M.
B argon aluminium mercury

X M
C argon mercury aluminium 16 39
D mercury argon aluminium
8 19
2. When 50 cm3 of liquid P is mixed with 50 cm3 of water, the total Figure 3
volume of the mixture is 98 cm3 as shown in Figure 2.
Volume of
What is the formula of the
50 cm3
50 cm3 mixture compound formed from the
liquid
water 98 cm3 combination of elements X
P
and M?
+ A MX
B M2 X
Figure 2 C MX2
D M2X2
Which of the following explains the above observation?
A Liquid P reacts with water to form a solid substance. 5. Which of the following
B Liquid P reacts with water to produce a volatile gas. represents the properties of
C Some particles of liquid P escape as a gas into the atmosphere. sodium chloride?
D Particles of liquid P fill the spaces between water particles.
Melting Electrical
3. Table 1 shows the subatomic particles of five different atoms. Substance point conductivity
Table 1 (oC) Molten Aqueous
Number of Number of Number of
Atom A –100 Weak Weak
electrons neutron proton
P 6 6 6 B –80 Weak Good
Q 7 7 7 C 110 Weak Insoluble
R 6 8 6 D 800 Good Good
S 8 8 8
T 8 10 8
Which of the following two pairs are isotopes?

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

6. Talcum (talc) is a type of
mineral found in Earth’s
crust. This mineral has the
formula Mg3Si4O10(OH)2.
What is the charge on the
Si4O10 ion?
Which balloon has the largest 12. Graph in Figure 6 shows
volume of gas? the trend of a property of
[Relative atomic mass: H = 1, elements of Group 17 moving
C = 12, O = 16] down the group.
A W
B X

Property
A –2 C +2 C Y
B –4 D +3 D Z
7. Phosphorus combines with 10. Metal chlorides are formed
chlorine to form phosphorus from reactions between hot F CI Br I
pentachloride, PCl5. metals and chlorine gas. Group 17 element
Phosphorus pentachloride In an experiment, 4.14 g
Figure 6
dissolves in water to produce of lead metal reacts with
hydrochloric acid, HCl, and 2.84 g of chlorine. Which Which of the following
phosphoric acid, H3PO4. The of the following shows the properties are shown by the
equation for the reaction of calculation of the empirical graph above?
phosphorus pentachloride formula of the product? I Atomic radius
with water is represented by [Relative atomic mass: Pb = II Boiling point
the following equation. 207, Cl = 35.5] III Reactivity
wPCl5(s) + xH2O(l) → Pb Cl IV Oxidising power
yH3PO4(aq) + zHCl(aq) A I and II
A 4.14 2.84
What are the values of w, x, B I and III
207 35.3
y and z? C II and IV
B 4.14 2.84 D III and IV
w x y z 207 71
13. Information about element R
A 1 2 1 4 C 207 35.5 is given below.
B 1 4 1 5 4.14 2.84
C 2 4 2 4 • Forms coloured
D 207 71
D 2 4 2 5 4.14 2.84 compounds
8. The following equation • Forms compounds with
represents the thermal 11. Figure 5 shows the electron oxidation numbers +2,
decomposition which occurs arrangement of an atom of +3, +4, +6 and +7
when sodium hydrogen element X.
Which of the following shows
carbonate strongly heated.
the position of element R
2NaHCO3(s) → Na2CO3(s) + in the Periodic Table of
H2O(g) + CO2(g) Elements?
What is the loss in mass when X
A
16.8 g of sodium hydrogen B
carbonate is heated? C
D
[Relative atomic mass: H = 1,
C = 12, O = 16, Na = 23]
A 1.8 g C 6.2 g Figure 5
B 4.4 g D 12.4 g 14. Figure 7 shows the electron
Element Y is located in the arrangement of atoms in
9. Figure 4 shows four balloons same group as element a compound formed from
filled with gas at room X in the Periodic Table of element X and element Y.
temperature. Each balloon is Elements. If element Y is
filled with 1.0 g of gas. placed in Period 3, what is – 2+ –
the electron arrangement of
1.0 g atom Y? Y X Y
1.0 g 1.0 g 1.0 g
carbon A 2
methane hydrogen oxygen
dioxide
B 2.2
Figure 7
C 2.8.2
W X Y Z D 2.8.8.2
Figure 4

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

Which of the following is Figure 9

pH value 1 3 x 12
correct about elements X and What could be observed?
Y? What is the value of x?
A Atom of element X has I II A 5
six valence electrons. B 7
A pH value No change
B Nucleon number of atom C 9
=1
Y is 9. 18. Ammonia solution is prepared
B pH value Effervescence
C Proton number of atom X by passing ammonia gas into
=3 occurs
is 20. distilled water. Which of the
C pH value Solution following is correct about the
15. Figure 8 shows information =3 becomes
about element P and element solution formed?
milky I Solution contains a high
Q.
D pH value Solution turns concentration of OH– ions
=1 blue II pH value of solution = 14
Nucleon III pOH value of solution = 3
number
= 24 17. 25 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm–3 IV A lot of ammonia
P molecules remain
hydrochloric acid is pipetted
into a beaker. A 0.10 mol dm–3 unionised
sodium hydroxide solution is A I and II
added to the acid solution. B I and III
Atom P The change in pH value of C II and IV
the solution in the beaker is D III and IV
measured using a pH meter. 19. Alkali shows alkaline
The results are recorded in properties when dissolved
Nucleon Table 2.
Q number in water. Water is required
= 19 Table 2 because
Volume of A water dissolves the alkali
NaOH added 0 12.5 25.0 50.0 B water ionises the alkali
Atom Q C water decomposes the
(cm3)
Figure 8 alkali
What is the relative formula D water reduces the alkali
mass of the compound
formed by combining element 20. A salt solution contains a cation. Figure 10 shows the results
P and element Q? of chemical tests carried out to confirm the cation in the salt
A 43 solution.
B 62
C 86 Excess
Sodium sodium
16. Figure 9 shows two test hydroxide, hydroxide,
NaOH NaOH
tubes filled with 0.10 mol solution
dm–3 hydrochloric acid.
White Colourless
A piece of pH paper is Salt
precipitate solution
dropped into test tube I and solution
one spatula of copper(II) Figure 10
oxide powder is added to test
Which test and observation confirms the identity of the cation in the
tube II.
salt solution?

Test Observation
0.10 mol dm–3 A Add ammonia solution until White precipitate insoluble in
hydrochloric excess excess alkali
pH acid CuO
paper I II powder B Add sodium hydroxide solution White precipitate soluble in
until excess excess alkali
C Add potassium iodide solution Yellow precipitate
D Add acidified barium chloride White precipitate
solution

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

21. A soluble salt can be
prepared by reacting an
acid with a reactive metal,
base or metal carbonate.
The following is a reaction to
prepare a soluble sulphate
salt with sulphuric acid.
Dilute sulphuric acid
+ substance X
   → sulphate salt + water
Which of the following could
be substance X?
A Iron
B Barium hydroxide
C Lead(II) carbonate
D Zinc oxide
22. Figure 11 shows diffraction of
white light by a prism.
Figure 11
What type of glass is used to
make the prism?
24. Transition metal compounds such as manganese(IV) oxide is used
to speed up the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide. Oxygen gas
is liberated according to the following equation.
2H2O2(aq) → 2H2O(l) + O2(g)
Table 3 shows the volume of oxygen gas given out with time.
Table 3
Time (s) 0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240
Volume of
0 14.1 25.3 36.2 42.4 46.8 50.0 50.0 50.0
oxygen (cm3)
What is the overall average rate of reaction?
A 0.28 cm3 s–1 C 0.35 cm3 s–1
B 0.31 cm s 3 –1
D 0.40 cm3 s–1
25. Sodium azide, NaN3, 26. What is the oxidation number
decomposes to give sodium of phosphorus in the H2PO4–
metal and nitrogen gas ion?
according to the following A –1
equation. B 0
2NaN3(s) → 2Na(s) + 3N2(g) C +3
D +5
This reaction is used to
inflate air bags in cars. The 27. A number of standard
graph in Figure 12 shows the electrode potentials values is
volume of nitrogen liberated given below.
against time. Ca2+(aq) + 2e– L Ca(s)
Eθ = –2.87 V
Cr3+(aq) + 3e– L Cr(s)
Eθ = –0.74 V
Volume of oxygen gas

A Borosilicate glass 80
Cu2+(aq) + 2e– L Cu(s)
released (cm3)

B Lead glass Eθ = +0.34 V

60
C Fused glass Ag+(aq) + e– L Ag(s)
D Soda-lime glass 40 Eθ = +0.80 V
23. 20
The alloy bronze is harder Which of the following
and stronger than pure 0 statements are correct?
10 20 30 40 50
copper. Time (s) I Ag+ ion is the easiest to
be reduced.
Which of the following is correct Figure 12
II Ca atom is the easiest to
about the above statement? Which of the following is be oxidised.
A Tin atoms disrupt the correct about this reaction? III Cr3+ ion can reduce Ag+
orderly arrangement of A The rate of reaction at ion to Ag atom.
the copper atom. 15 s is 4 cm3 s–1. IV Cu atom can oxidise Ca
B Tin atoms occupy the B Overall average rate of atom to Ca2+ ion.
spaces between copper reaction is 1.6 cm3 s–1. A I and II
atoms. C The rate of liberation of B I and III
C Tin atom has a larger size. gas at 10 s is higher than C II and IV
D Tin atoms react with at 20 s. D III and IV
copper atoms. D The rate of liberation
of gas increases if the
concentration of sodium
azide increases.

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

28. Copper(II) sulphate solution is electrolysed using an electrolysis cell 31. In the cracking process,
shown in Figure 13. large hydrocarbon molecules
are broken up into smaller
hydrocarbon molecules.
A total of 90 kJ of heat is
required to crack 1 mole of
Copper
hexane to give 1 mole of
Beaker
Copper(II)
butane and 1 mole of ethene.
sulphate Which energy diagram is
solution correct?

Figure 13 A
What is observed in the above electrolysis? Energy

Anode Cathode C6H14(g)

A Copper dissolved Colourless gas liberated ΔH = –90 kJ mol–1

B Copper dissolved Brown solid deposited C4H10(g) + C2H4(g)

C Colourless gas liberated Brown solid deposited
D Brown solid deposited Colourless gas liberated

29. Figure 14 shows a chemical cell. B

Energy
C4H10(g) + C2H4(g)

ΔH = +90 kJ mol–1
Aluminium plate Silver plate C6H14(g)
1.0 mol dm–3
aluminium 1.0 mol dm–3 silver
nitrate solution nitrate solution

Figure 14 C
Use the standard electrode potential values to calculate the above Energy
cell voltage. C4H10(g) + C2H4(g)
Al3+(aq) + 3e– L Al(s)   Eθ = –1.66 V ΔH = –90 kJ mol–1
Ag+(aq) + e– L Ag(s)   Eθ = +0.80 V C6H14(g)
A +0.86 V C –0.86 V
B +2.46 V D –2.46 V
30. Different alkalis are added separately to a plastic cup containing D
100 cm3 of 1.0 mol dm–3 of sulphuric acid as shown in Figure 15. Energy
The volume and concentration of the alkali is kept constant. C6H14(g)

ΔH = +90 kJ mol–1
C4H10(g) + C2H4(g)

100 cm3
of 1.0 mol dm–3
100 cm3 of alkaline
of 1.0 mol dm–3 solution 32. Which of the following is
of sulphuric acid correct about an alkyne
Figure 15
molecule?
A General formula is CnH2n+2
Which of the following alkaline solutions will cause the same B Only single bonds are
temperature increase? found between its atoms.
I NaOH III NH3 C The functional group is
II KOH IV Ba(OH)2 C#C bond.
A I and II C II and IV
B I and III D III and IV

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

33. Complete combustion of 36. Ethanol can be oxidised to 38. Margarine is made from
1 mole of propanol in oxygen carboxylic acid X by acidified vegetable oils. What type of
produces potassium manganite(VII). reaction is involved in the
I 1 mole of carbon. Which ester is produced by preparation of margarine from
II 3 moles of oxygen. the esterification reaction of vegetable oils?
III 3 moles of carbon dioxide. ethanol with carboxylic acid A Esterification
IV 4 moles of water. X? B Oxidation
A I and II A H O C Hydrogenation
B I and III 39. Which of the following is the
C II and IV H C O C H
structure of the hydrophilic
D III and IV H part of a detergent ion?
A O–
34. Which monomer is correctly B H O H
matched with its polymer?
H C O C C H B O
Monomer Polymer
H H C O–
A Ethene Perspex

B Propene Polythene C C O
H H O H
S O–
C Polyvinyl H C C O C C H
Chloroethene
chloride
H H H D O
D Methyl
Polystyrene S O–
methacrylate D
H H O H H O
35. Styrene-butadiene rubber H C C O C C C H
(SBR) is a synthetic rubber.
Which of the following is a H H H H
40. The drug penicillin is used to
correct comparison of the A kill bacteria
properties of SBR and natural B relieve pain
rubber? C lower high blood pressure
37. Butyne burns in excess
D treat diabetes
oxygen to produce carbon
SBR Natural
dioxide and water.
rubber rubber
2C4H6(g) + 11O2(g) →
A More Less 8CO2(g) + 6H2O(l)
resistant resistant
to organic to organic What is the volume of carbon
solvent solvents dioxide produced from the
complete combustion of
B Electrical Electrical 50 dm3 of butyne?
conductor insulator [Molar volume: 24 dm3 mol–1]
A 50 dm3
C Heavier Lighter B 100 dm3
C 150 dm3
D Softer Harder
D 200 dm3

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

PAPER 2

2 hours 30 minutes
Section A
[60 marks]

Answers all questions in this section.

1. An atom is made up of three subatomic particles, i.e. proton, neutron and electron.
Table 1 shows the proton number, nucleon number and number of electrons of two atoms, atom P and
atom Q.
Table 1

Atom Proton number Nucleon number Number of electrons

P 9 19 9
Q 13 27 13

(a) (i) State the meaning of nucleon number. [1 mark]

(ii) Draw the electron arrangement of P ion. [1 mark]
(b) Atom X is an isotope of atom P. It has the same chemical properties as P.
Explain this observation. [1 mark]
(c) Element Q melts at 660 °C and boils at 2470 °C.
Use the kinetic theory of matter to describe the arrangement and movement of particles in element Q at
25 °C. [2 marks]

2. Lead forms three oxides with formula PbO, PbO2 and Pb3O4. Figure 1 shows the apparatus set-up for an
experiment to determine the empirical formula of lead oxide.

Lead oxide
Combustion of
excess hydrogen
Anhydrous Combustion tube
calcium Heat
Porcelain boat
chloride Retort
stand

Figure 1

(a) Hydrogen gas is used to reduce lead oxide to lead metal. The hydrogen gas is produced by reacting a
reactive metal with dilute acid.
Write a chemical equation for a reaction to produce hydrogen gas by this method. [1 mark]
(b) Table 2 shows the results of an experiment.
Table 2

Mass of porcelain boat (g) 34.60

Mass of porcelain boat + lead oxide (g) 41.29
Mass of porcelain boat + plumbum (g) 40.81

Use the data from Table 2 to determine the empirical formula of the lead oxide.
[Relative atomic mass: Pb = 207, O = 16] [2 marks]
(c) How can you ensure that the lead oxide is completely reduced to lead metal? [1 mark]
(d) Why is this method not suitable to determine the empirical formula of magnesium oxide? [1 mark]

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

3. Figure 2 shows the positions of a number of elements in the Periodic Table of Elements.

Li

Mg Al Si Cl

K Fe

Cs Xe

Figure 2

Use the data from Figure 2 to answer the following questions.

(a) Name an element that exists as a monoatomic gas. [1 mark]
(b) Which element forms an oxide that dissolves in acid and alkali? [1 mark]
(c) Lithium, potassium and caesium are in the same vertical column.
(i) Why are these three elements placed in the same group? [1 mark]
(ii) These three elements react with cold water.
Which element is the most reactive towards water? Which element shows the following properties?
[1 mark]
(d) Name the element that has the following properties.
• reacts as a catalyst
• forms more than one oxide compound
[1 mark]
(e) Arrange the elements lithium, silicon, chlorine and iodine in order of increasing atomic radius. [1 mark]

4. Chlorine gas is produced from a reaction between concentrated sulphuric acid and sodium chloride together
with manganese(IV) oxide.
2H2SO4(aq) + 2NaCl(s) + MnO2(s) → Na2SO4(aq) + MnSO4(aq) + 2H2O(l) + Cl2(g)
The chlorine gas liberated is then bubbled into iron(II) sulphate solution and potassium iodide solution as
shown in Figure 3.

Chlorine gas Chlorine gas

Iron(II) sulphate solution Potassium iodide solution

Test tube I Test tube II:

Figure 3
(a) (i) State the change that occurs in test tube I. [1 mark]
(ii) Write an ionic equation for the reaction that causes the change in 4(a)(i). [1 mark]
(iii) What is the change in oxidation number of iron in the reaction? [1 mark]
(b) (i) State the change that occurs in test tube II. [1 mark]
(ii) Write an ionic equation for the reaction that causes the change in 4(b)(i). [1 mark]
(iii) What is the change in oxidation number of iodine in the reaction? [1 mark]
(c) What is the function of chlorine gas in the experiment? [1 mark]

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

5. Qualitative analysis is used to confirm the cations and anions in a chemical sample. The reaction that occur
is shown in Figure 4.

Yellow solution NH3 Brown precipitate

P Q

Acidified HNO3
AgNO3

White precipitate Yellow solution

R S
SO2 gas Cl2 gas

Green solution
T

Figure 4
(a) (i) What cation is present in solution P? [1 mark]
(ii) What cation is present in solution T? [1 mark]
(b) Identify substances P, Q, R, S and T. [5 marks]
(c) What is the function of sulphur dioxide gas? [1 mark]

6. A student carried out a titration to investigate the reaction between 0.10 mol dm–3 sodium hydroxide solution
and dilute nitric acid. The apparatus set-up is shown in Figure 5.

Burette

Nitric acid

Conical flask

25.0 cm3 of NaOH

+ phenolphthalein

Figure 5
(a) Construct an equation for the reaction taking place in the conical flask. [2 marks]
(b) What type of reaction occurs in the conical flask? [1 mark]
(c) How did the student determine the end point of the titration? [1 mark]
(d) Table 3 shows the titration results obtained by the student.
Table 3

Titration Rough 1 2 3
Initial burette reading (cm ) 3
19.5 20.00 41.00 23.35
Final burette reading (cm ) 3
0.0 0.00 21.00 10.00
Volume of acid required (cm ) 3
19.5

(i) Complete Table 3 by calculating the volumes of nitric acid required. [1 mark]
(ii) What is the volume of nitric acid to be used for calculating the concentration of the nitric acid? Explain
your answer. [2 marks]
(iii) Calculate the molarity of the nitric acid used. [2 marks]

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

7. In an experiment carried out, dilute acid is reacted with sodium thiosulphate, Na2S2O3, solution. The thiosulphate
ion has a structure shown in Figure 6.1.
2–

S
O
O
O

Figure 6.1

In the reaction, the thiosulphate ion reacted with the hydrogen ion from an acid according to the following
ionic equation.
S2O32−(aq) + 2H+(aq) → S(s) + SO2(g) + H2O(l)
(a) During the reaction, the sodium thiosulphate turns chalky. Why? [1 mark]
(b) The change in the degree of cloudiness of the sodium thiosulphate solution is used to measure the rate
of reaction of sodium thiosulphate with acid. Figure 6.2 shows an experiment to investigate the effect of
changing concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution on the rate of reaction. The time taken for the
cross ‘X’ to disappear is measured using sodium thiosulphate solutions of different concentrations.
Add sulphuric acid

Sodium thiosulphate Cloudy solution

solution

White paper
marked with a 'X '
Figure 6.2

State all the variables.

(i) Manipulated variable: ............................................................................................................ [1 mark]
(ii) Responding variable: ............................................................................................................ [1 mark]
(iii) Constant variable: ................................................................................................................. [1 mark]
(c) Table 4 shows the results of experiment carried out.
Table 4
Concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution
0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20
(mol dm–3)
Time for cross ‘X’ to disappear, t (s) 83 41 27 20 16
1 –1
Value (s ) 0.012 0.024 0.037
t

1
(i) Complete Table 4 with the values of . [2 marks]
t
1
(ii) What does the value of represents? [1 mark]
t

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

1
(iii) Plot a graph of against concentration of sodium thiosulphate solution. [2 marks]
t

(iv) Based on the graph plotted in 7(c)(iii), what is the effect of concentration change on the rate of
reaction. [1 mark]

8. Figure 7.1 shows the apparatus set-up used in the chemistry laboratory to convert alcohol P to gas Q.
Thistle funnel

Round bottom
flask
Gas Q

Alcohol P Gas cylinder

+ concentrated
sulphuric acid
Bunsen
Water
burner

Figure 7.1

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

Figure 7.2 illustrates the properties of gas Q.

Hydrocarbon

No isomers Gas Q Atom ratio: C:H = 1:2

Combustion of 1 mole of gas Q

produces 3 moles of carbon dioxide
Figure 7.2

(a) (i) Identify gas Q. [1 mark]

(ii) Explain your answer. [2 marks]
(b) (i) What type of reaction produced gas Q from alcohol P? [1 mark]
(ii) What is the function of concentrated sulphuric acid. [1 mark]
(iii) Draw one possible structural formula for alcohol P. [2 marks]
(c) (i) How would gas Q reacts with bromine water? [2 marks]
(ii) Write the chemical equation for the reaction in 8(c)(i). [1 mark]

Section B
[20 marks]

Answer any one of the questions from this part.

9. Figure 8 shows the apparatus set-up to investigate the electrical conductivity of three substances X, Y and
Z in three states, which are solid, liquid and aqueous.

Bulb

+ –
Carbon Carbon
electrode electrode
Bulb
Crucible Molten
+ –
Carbon Carbon
electrode electrode
Bunsen
burner Aqueous
solution

Figure 8

Table 5 shows the results of the experiment.

Table 5
Substance Solid Liquid Aqueous solution
Bulb does not glow
X Bulb does not glow Bulb does not glow
Does not dissolve in water
Y Bulb glows Bulb glows –
Bulb glows
Z Bulb does not glow Bulb glows
Dissolves in water

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

(a) Based on the results in Table 5, suggest an example for

(i) substance X
(ii) substance Y
(iii) substance Z
Explain your answer. [6 marks]
(b) Propanoic acid has the structure below.
H H O
H C C C

H H OH

Can propanoic acid conduct electricity?

Explain your answer. [4 marks]
(c) Propanoic acid is a member of the carboxylic acid homologous series.
Explain the reaction of propanoic acid with the following substances:
• Magnesium
• Copper(II) hydroxide
• Calcium oxide
• Lead(II) carbonate
• Butan-1-ol
Include equations for the reactions that occur. [10 marks]
10. Two metal plates zinc and copper are dipped into 1.0 mol dm–3 of sulphuric acid as shown in Figure 9.1.
Zinc plate Copper plate

1.0 mol dm–3 of

sulphuric acid

Figure 9.1
(a) State the observations occurring at the two metal strips.
With help of half-cell equations, explain these observations based on redox reactions link to the transfer
of electrons. [10 marks]
(b) The apparatus set-up in Figure 9.1 can be modified to construct a simple cell. A piece of wire is used to
connect the zinc metal to the copper metal as shown in Figure 9.2.
Connecting wire

Crocodile
Zinc plate clips Copper plate

Sulphuric acid

Figure 9.2

Briefly explain how the chemical cell in Diagram 9.2 can produce electricity. Use the standard electrode
potential values given below to help you.
O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e– L 2H2O(l) E° = +1.23 V
Cu2+(aq) + 2e– L Cu(s) E° = +0.34 V
2H+(aq) + 2e– L H2(g) E° = 0.0 V
Zn2+(aq) + 2e– L Zn(s) E° = –0.76 V
2H2O(l) + 2e L H2(g) + 2OH–(aq) E° = –0.83 V
In your answer, include half-cell equations for reactions taking place at both zinc electrode and copper
electrode. [4 marks]

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 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

(c) The apparatus set-up in Figure 9.2 is modified to construct an electrolysis cell. A battery is connected to
the external circuit as shown in Figure 9.3.
Battery

Zinc Copper

Sulphuric acid

Figure 9.3

Predict the products of electrolysis at the anode and cathode.

Explain your answer and include half-equations for reactions involved. [6 marks]

Section C
[20 marks]

Answer all questions.

11. Figure 10 shows a bag of fertiliser. The notation N.P.K is printed on the label of the bag. N represents the
element nitrogen, P represents the element phosphorus and K represents the element potassium. NPK are
the three essential nutrients required by plants for healthy growth.

Fertiliser

N.P.K
20.20.15
50 kg

Figure 10

Below the notation NPK is a series of numbers. These numbers indicate the percentage by mass of each
element found in each bag of fertiliser.
In a 50 kg bag of fertiliser shown in Figure 10, the ratio N:P:K is 20:20:15.
(a) (i) Calculate the mass of nitrogen in the bag of fertiliser.
(ii) The element nitrogen, N, is obtained from ammonium nitrate salt, NH4NO3.
Calculate the mass of ammonium nitrate required to produce the mass of nitrogen in 11(a)(i).
[Relative atomic mass: H = 1, N = 14, O = 16] [3 marks]
(b) Describe the preparation of a sample of ammonium nitrate in the chemistry laboratory. [10 marks]
(c) Describe chemical tests to confirm the presence of cation and anion in ammonium nitrate salt.
[7 marks]

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 ANSWER
Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

SPM Model Paper Mole ratio: Pb : O = 0.03 : 0.03 (b) (i) Colourless solution turns
=1:1 brown.
PAPER 1 Empirical formula = PbO (ii) 2I–(aq) + Cl2(aq) → I2(aq) +
(c) Repeat the heating, cooling 2Cl–(aq)
1. C 2. D 3. B 4. B 5. D (iii) –1 to 0
and weighing processes until
6. B 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. B you get a constant mass. (c) Chlorine, Cl2 act as an
(d) No. Magnesium is more oxidising agent
11. C 12. A 13. C 14. C 15. B
reactive than hydrogen (it is 5. (a) (i) Fe3+
16. D 17. B 18. D 19. B 20. C above hydrogen in the metal (ii) Fe2+
21. D 22. B 23. A 24. A 25. C reactivity series). Hydrogen (b) P = iron(III) chloride, FeCl3
cannot reduce magnesium Q = iron(III) hydroxide, Fe(OH)3
26. D 27. A 28. B 29. B 30. A oxide to magnesium. R = silver chloride, AgCl
31. A 32. C 33. D 34. C 35. A 3. (a) Xenon S = iron(III) nitrate, Fe(NO3)3
36. C 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. A (b) Aluminium T = iron(II) nitrate, Fe(NO3)2
(c) (i) All three elements have 1 (c) Sulphur dioxide act as a
valence electron. reducing agent to reduce Fe3+
PAPER 2 (ii) Caesium to Fe2+.
Section A (d) Iron, Fe 6. (a) NaOH(aq) + HNO3(aq)
(e) Li, Cl, Si, I    → NaNO3(aq) + H2O(l)
1. (a) (i) Nucleon number is the
4. (a) (i) Green solution turns (b) Neutralisation reaction
number of nucleons
brown. (c) At the end point, the
(protons and neutrons) in
(ii) 2Fe2+(aq) + Cl2(aq) → phenolphthalein shows a colour
the nucleus of an atom.
2Fe3+(aq) + 2Cl–(aq) change from pink to colourless.
(ii) – (iii) +2 to +3

(d) (i) Titration Approximate 1 2 3

P
Final reading of burette (cm3) 19.5 20.00 41.00 23.35

Initial reading of burette (cm3) 0.0 0.00 21.00 10.00

The volume of acid needed (cm ) 3

19.5 20.00 20.00 23.35
(b) Atom X and atom P have
the same number of valence (ii) Volume of acid = 20.00 Number of moles of HNO3
electrons (7 valence cm3 = 0.0025
electrons). The chemical Third reading (23.35 cm3) MV
properties are determined is ignored =
1000
by the number of valence The difference from 20.00 M × 20.0
electrons. is greater than 0.10 cm3. =
1000
(c) • Particles are closely packed (iii) Number of moles of NaOH
and orderly. MV ∴ M = 0.125 mol dm–3
=
• Particles vibrate about their 1000 7. (a) Formation of yellow sulphur
fixed positions. 0.10 × 25.0 precipitate.
= (b) (i) Concentration of sodium
2. (a) H2SO4(aq) + Zn(S) → 1000
ZnSO4(aq) = 0.0025 mol thiosulphate solution
+ H2(g) (ii) Time for ‘X’ mark to
1 mol of NaOH neutralise disappear (rate of reaction)
(b) Mass of lead
1 mol of HNO3 (iii) Volume of sodium
= 40.81 g – 34.60 g
= 6.21 g ∴ 0.0025 mol of NaOH thiosulphate solution,
6.21 neutralises 0.0025 mol volume and concentration
Number of moles =
207 HNO3 of sulphuric acid,
of Pb
= 0.03 mol temperature
Mass of oxygen = 41.29 –
40.81 (c) (i) Concentration of sodium
= 0.48 g 0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20
thiosulphate solution (mol dm–3)
Number of moles of O
0.48 Time for ‘X’ mark to disappear 83 41 27 20 16
=
16
1 –1
= 0.03 mol Value of (s ) 0.012 0.024 0.037 0.050 0.063
t

15
 Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper

1 Bahagian B (c) • Propanoic acid reacts with

(ii) Value of represents the
t 9. (a) (i) • Substance X is a reactive metal such as
rate of reaction.
covalent compound magnesium. Magnesium
(iii) insoluble in water. propanoate salt and
Example: naphthalene / hydrogen gas are formed.
1 [1]
—— (s–1) acetamide
time
[1] • 2CH3CH2COOH(aq) + Mg(s)
→ Mg(CH3CH2COO)2(aq) + H2(g)
0.070 • Covalent compounds are
[1]
made up of molecules.
0.060 • Propanoic acid reacts with
Molecules do not
conduct electricity base such as copper(II)
0.050
because molecules are hydroxide. Copper(II)
0.040 not charge carriers. propanoate salt and water
are formed.
0.030 [1]
[1]
0.020 (ii) • Substance Y is an • 2 C H 3C H 2C O O H ( a q ) +
unreactive metal (does Cu(OH)2(s)
0.010
not react with water). → Cu(CH3CH2COO)2(aq) + 2H2O(l)
0 Example: lead / tiN [1]
0.04 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20
Concentration of sodium [1] • Propanoic acid reacts with
thiosulphate solution (mol dm–3) base such as calcium oxide.
• Metal conducts electricity
Calcium propanoate salt and
(iv) The rate of reaction is because it has a sea
water are formed.
directly proportional to the of electrons i.e. mobile
[1]
concentration of sodium charge particles. These
thiosulfate solution. electrons move freely • 2CH3CH2COOH(aq) + CaO(s)
in the solid and liquid → Ca(CH3CH2COO)2(aq) + H2O(l)
8. (a) (i) Propene states. [1]
(ii) • C : H ratio = 1 : 2 [1] • Propanoic acid reacts with
• Hence, 3C : 6H or C3H6 metal carbonate such as
shows homologous (iii) • Substance Z is an lead(II) carbonate. Lead(II)
series of alkane CnH2n ionic compound; a propanoate salt, water and
• The number of moles salt that dissolves in carbon dioxide gas are
of CO2 indicates the water. Example: sodium formed.
number of C atoms in a chloride / magnesium [1]
hydrocarbon molecule. sulphate
• 2CH3CH2COOH(aq) + PbCO3(s)
(b) (i) Dehydration [1]   → Pb(CH3CH2COO)2(aq)
(ii) Dehydrating agent • Ionic compound contains    + H2O(l) + CO2(g)
H H H positive and negative [1]
(iii) ions. In solid state ions • Propanoic acid reacts with
H C C C OH do not move freely alcohol such as butan-1-ol.
to conduct electricity Ester butyl propanoate and
H H H whereas in liquid or water are formed.
aqueous state ions can
Propan-1-ol [1]
move freely to conduct
electricity. CH3CH2COOH(l) + CH3CH2CH2CH2OH(l)
or → CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CH2CH3(l) + H2O(l)
[1]
H H H [1]
(b) • Propanoic acid conducts
H C C C H electricity only in aqueous 10. (a) Zinc plate:
state • Zinc plate dissolves. / Size of
H OH H zinc plate becomes gradually
[1]
Propan-2-ol smaller.
• Propanoic acid ionises in
[1]
water.
(c) (i) When gas Q reacts with • Zinc is a reactive metal; i.e.
bromine water, a halogen [1]
zinc is placed above hydrogen
addition (hydrogenation) • CH3CH2COOH(aq) + H2O(l) in the electrochemical series.
reaction occurs. The brown L CH3CH2COO–(aq) + H3O+(aq) Zinc undergoes oxidation.
color of bromine water is [1]
bleached and a colourless [1]
• Ions move freely in water to
solution is formed. • Each zinc atom, Zn, releases
conduct electricity.
(ii) C3H6 + Br2 → C3H6Br2 2 electrons and is oxidised to
[1]
zinc ion, Zn2+.
[1]

16

• Oxidation half-equation:
Zn(s) → Zn2+(aq) + 2e–
[1]
• Gas bubbles formed on
surface of zinc plate.
Electron released by zinc is
transferred to hydrogen ions,
H+, from sulphuric acid.
[1]
• Hydrogen ion, H+ gains
electron and is reduced to
hydrogen molecule, H2.
[1]
• Reduction half-equation:
2H+(aq) + 2e– → H2(g)
[1]
Copper plate:
• No visible change.
[1]
• Copper is below hydrogen in
the electrochemical series.
[1]
• Hence, copper does not react
with dilute acids.
[1]
(b) • Zinc undergoes oxidation
more readily than copper.
(Eo value for Zn is more
negative than Cu)
[1]
• Half-equation for oxidation at
anode (zinc electrode):
Zn(s) → Zn2+(aq) + 2e–
[1]
• Electrons from zinc flow to
copper plate via external
wire to produce an electric
current.
• At copper electrode, H+ ion
from sulphuric acid gains
electron and undergoes
reduction.
[1]
• Half-equation for reduction at
cathode (copper electrode):
2H+(aq) + 2e– → H2(g)
[1]
(c) At zinc plate (anode):
• Substances that may be
oxidised are zinc, Zn and
water, H2O.
• Zinc, Zn, has the most
negative E o value than
water, H2O; hence zinc is
preferentially oxidised.
[1]
• Oxidation half-equation:
Zn(s) → Zn2+(aq) + 2e–
[1]
Chemistry SPM SPM Model Paper
• Zinc plate dissolves to form 9. Filter out the salt crystals
zinc ion, Zn2+. formed.
[1] [1]
10. Dry the crystals between
At copper plate (cathode): layers of filter paper.
• Hydrogen ion, H+, gains [1]
electron and is reduced. (c) Dissolve some ammonium
[1] nitrate in distilled water.
Cation (NH4+):
• Reduction half-equation: 1. Use 1 cm3 portions of salt
2H+(aq) + 2e– → H2(g) solution for the following
[1] tests.
• Colourless gas (hydrogen) is [1]
produced. 2. Add sodium hydroxide
[1] solution and heat.
[1]
11. (a) (i) Mass of N 3. Test gas liberated with
20 moist red litmus paper.
= × 50 kg
100 [1]
= 10 kg 4. Ammonia gas given out
[1] turns red litmus blue.
[1]
(ii) Molar mass of NH4NO3
OR Add Nessler’s reagent (a
= 14 + 4 + 14 + 48
brown precipitate forms)
= 80 g mol–1
Anion (NO3–):
[1]
1. Use 1 cm3 portions of salt
80 g NH4NO3 contains
solution for the following
2(14) = 28 g unsur N
tests.
[1]
(a) Add dilute sulphuric
10 000 × 80 g acid.
28 g [1]
∴ 10 kg N is produced (b) Add iron(II) sulphate
from solution.
28571 g = 28.6 kg [1]
[1] (c) Add a few drops of
(b) Procedure: concentrated sulphuric
1. Pipette 25.0 cm3 of 0.1 acid down the sides of
mol dm3 nitric acid into a test tube.
conical flask. [1]
[1] A brown ring is formed.
2. Add 2 - 3 drops of methyl [1]
orange indicator.
[1]
3. Slowly add 0.1 mol dm-3
of ammonia solution from
a burette into the conical
flask.
[1]
4. Continue adding ammonia
solution until the colour of
indicator turns from red to
yellow.
[1]
5. Record the volume of
ammonia solution used to
neutralise the acid in the
flask.
[1]
6. Repeat titration without
indicator.
[1]
7. Evaporate the salt solution
until saturated.
[1]
8. Leave the solution to cool
for crystallisation to take
place.
[1]
17