Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Final Internship
Final Internship
SL Particulars PG
NO NO
1 Concrete Mixer
2 Shuttering or formwork for slab, beam and
staircase
3 RMC
3.1 Electrical work
3.2 Column
3.3 Slab
4 On -Site observation
12 Chipping
13 Spacing in reinforcement (slab)
14 Nominal cover
15 Lateral ties Spacing ,uses
16 Stirrup spacing ,uses
17 Doors
18 UPVC Windows
19 Curing
Objectives :
•To improve practical skill
•To upgrade the theoretical knowledge
•To supervise the construction work.
•To understand the design specification.
•To learn to solve the rising problems and unexpected
events.
About my Internship
Project type On going
Concrete Mixer:
Fig 1 –mixer, Fig 2-Handle, Fig 3- Hopper, Fig 4- cylinder with blades
1)In the site the above mixer used to make concrete for columns
2)Here the cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate are taken in ratio 1:2:3
5)We add water of required (generally for above ratio we take 0.5 proportion)
Fig 1: Slab Shuttering work starts from placing and fixing wooden pieces with scaffolding
tie rods on columns
Fig 2: Steel Shuttering Prop Jack is used to support shutter boxes from below
Here in above figure, we can see jack screw which can be adjusted to required height
Fig 3: Preparing for channel placement on which shutter boxes where laid
FIGURE –4
Fig 4: Ready for channels placing to support the shutter boxes from below
Note: Here steels nails are used to join the shutter boxes to wooden pieces and shutter
boxes have already holes to place the nails.
Fig 5: It Shows the beam shuttering
Fig 6: sometimes we use reinforcement bars between shutter boxes
Fig 7: Bottom view after placing shutter boxes on the channels
Figure –8 Figure – 9
Fig –8: Here the laborer was applying oil on shutter boxes, to prevent the shutter boxes
sticking to concrete after casting.
Fig-9: Here wooden pieces were used in shuttering because sometimes the room
dimensions will not have exact shutter boxes to fit. So wooden pieces were cut on sight and
placed as required.
Figure-10 Figure-11
Fig 10: Monolithically the Staircase Shuttering will be done along with slab.
Fig 11: Different sizes of shutter boxes were used. Here 3ft/1ft and 3ft/9ft and 2ft/2ft were
in picture.
Figure –12,13
Ready-mix concrete
(RMC) is concrete
that is manufactured
in a batch plant,
according to each
specific job
requirement, then
delivered to the job
site "ready to use".
Types of ready-
mix concrete
Depending on the various material used during mixing.
Transit mixed concrete (materials are batched at a central plant and then mixed
thoroughly in the truck during transit.)
Shrink mixed concrete (partially mixed at the plant to reduce the volume of the
mixture.)
Central mixed concrete (properly mixed before loading into the truck mixer.)
Advantages of ready-mix concrete
The concrete produced is of better quality.
Storage of material at the construction site is not required.
Reduces labor cost
Reduces air and noise pollution at the site
Environment friendly
avoids delay of construction work
Wastage of material at the worksite is avoided.
Limitations
large amount to be invested initially
RMC is not suitable for a small project
effective transportation system is required
The mixture must be used within the time.
NOTE: In our site RMC is used for slab ,beams and staircase
1)During night times only RMC is placed Because construction site is in a commercial
area which has transportation problems during daytime due to traffic.
2)Admixtures were used to increase setting time.
3)Shuttering labor is also present during placing of RMC because sometimes due to
improper fixing of shuttering boxes some of them may lose the joints so concrete falls
down.
4)Before the RMC truck came Motor Pumps and the pipes were fitted in site.
FIGURE 14 FIGURE15
FIG 14: Motar for transferring concrete from truck to required floor.
FIG 15: As work done during night-time Lights were used.
FIGURE-16 FIGURE-17
FIGURE-18 FIGURE-19 FIGURE-20
FIGURE-21
FIGURE-16: A cover with sand is kept below the junction box in slab because of that there
will be no settling of concrete so that we can take connections for that room that’s the
reason cover with sand is kept below the junction box
FIGURE-17: Before the concrete is poured, the ceiling Conduits must be laid in the
prepared shutter works of the ceiling slab. - Pipes, junction boxes, components, joints, etc.
should be placed along the pipes.
Use a deep junction box for fan, spotlight, surface mounted lighting fixtures and cable
pulling.
FIGURE-18: We are checking that the junction box is kept as per per plan or not it can
slightly vary.
The junction box should keep in middle of the room.
FIGURE-19: we are checking that electrical connections are given as per dimension given
in plan or not.
FIGURE -20: we can look that hole is given for switch board.
FIGURE-21: after completing steel work they are doing electrical work as per give in plan
Construction Materials
190x90x90mm 230x150x80mm)
•Cement:sagar
Main Equipments
Construction works
•I have observed the following constructions process
•Beam construction.
•Slab construction.
•Stair construction.
•Column construction.