AKUEB Past paper Questions

Chapter wise
XI Mathematics
Complex Number
2019
8 𝑥
𝑖𝑥 − √−4 𝑦 = and 3
− 𝑖𝑦 = 𝑖 , show that the value of y is real. 4 Marks
𝑖 𝑖
2018
Withour using calculator, apply basic operations to separate into real and imaginary part of 6 Marks
(3+2𝑖)2
1+𝑖
÷ (2 + 3𝑖)
2017
3−2𝑖 2 4 Marks
Find the real and imaginary parts of the complex number (4−3𝑖)
If 𝑧1 = 13 − 12𝑖, prove that |𝑧1 | = |𝑧1 | 2 Marks
2016
3+2𝑖 4 Marks
Find the real and imaginary parts of the complex number 3−2𝑖
If 𝑧1 = 2 + 3𝑖 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑧2 = 3 + 2𝑖, then find |𝑧1 + 𝑧2 | 2 Marks
2015
(3+2𝑖)(3+𝑖) 4 Marks
Simplify: (2𝑖−2)+(3−𝑖)
Prove that: (𝑥 + 2√2𝑖𝑦)(𝑥 + 2√2𝑖𝑦) = 𝑥 2 + 8𝑦 2 2 Marks
2014
4
Prove that : 𝑥 − 81 = (𝑥 − 3)(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 3𝑖)(𝑥 + 3𝑖) 3 Marks
2+3𝑖 3 Marks
If 𝑥 + 𝑖𝑦 = 3−2𝑖, then find the value of 𝑥 and 𝑦
2013
Given that 𝑢 = 3 − 𝑖 and 𝑣 = 1 + 2𝑖, find 𝑢𝑣 − 2 i.e. conjugate of 𝑢𝑣 − 2 4 Marks
Factorize 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑎𝑦 2 in complex form 2 Marks
2012
If 𝑧 = 𝑎 + 𝑖𝑏, then prove that |𝑧| = |−𝑧| 2 Marks
If 𝑧1 = 2 + 3𝑖, 𝑧2 = 𝑎 + (𝑏 − 1)𝑖 and 𝑧1 = 𝑧2 , then find the value of b. 2 Marks
2011
Find the complex factors of 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 5 4 Marks
2010
𝑧 4 Marks
For two complex numbers, 𝑧1 = 3 − 3𝑖 and 𝑧2 = 2 + 2𝑖, find the value of 𝑧1
2

2009
2−𝑧2 4 Marks
If 𝑧1 = 2 − 𝑖 and 𝑧2 = 2 + 𝑖, then find | |
𝑧1
September, 2014
3+2𝑖 4 Marks
Find the real and imaginary parts of the complex number
3−2𝑖
If 𝑧1 = 2 + 3𝑖 and 𝑧2 = 3 + 2𝑖, then find |𝑧1 + 𝑧2 | 2 Marks
September, 2012
If (4 − 𝑚𝑖)(2 + 𝑖) = 𝑛 − 2𝑖, then find the values of m and n, where m and n are constants. 4 Marks
September, 2011
2−𝑖 2 4 Marks
Find the real part of (1+𝑖)
September, 2010
3−2𝑖 4 Marks
If 𝑍 = , then find the real and imaginary part of 𝑍 (i.e. the conjugate of Z)
3𝑖
 Matrices
2019
Under what condition(s) the given system of linear equations will become homogenous? 1Mark
𝑘11 𝑦1 + 𝑘12 𝑦2 + 𝑘13 𝑦3 − 𝑚 = 0
𝑘21 𝑦1 + 𝑘22 𝑦2 + 𝑘23 𝑦3 − 𝑛 = 0
𝑘31 𝑦1 + 𝑘32 𝑦2 + 𝑘33 𝑦3 − 𝑝 = 0
−3 0 0 2 Marks
It is given that 𝑀 = [ 0 −3 0 ] and I is an identity matrix of order 3.
0 0 −3
Find the value of constant 𝜆(lambda) when 𝑀 − 𝜆I is a null matrix.
𝑚 2 0 2+2
It is given that 𝑄𝑡 𝑃𝑡 = [ 3 0 1 ]. Marks
0 4 10
(i) State that matrix PQ.
(ii) Hence determine the value of 𝑚 for which the matrix 𝑃𝑄 will become singular?
2018
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑏+𝑐 4Marks
Without expansion, verify that:| 1 1 1 | = − |𝑎 2 𝑏 2 𝑏 2 + 𝑐 2 |
𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑐 𝑎𝑏 1 1 2
1 1 0 −1 0 𝑎 4 Marks
The multiplicative inverse of the matrix [0 2 1] 𝑖𝑠 [ 2 0 −1] . Find the value of a.
2 1 0 −4 1 2
2017
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 0 −𝑎 −𝑎 1 0 0 −1 4Marks
Find the matrix A if [𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 ] = 2𝐴 − [−𝑎 0 −𝑎 ] [0 1 0]
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 −𝑎 −𝑎 0 0 0 1
𝐴𝑙𝑠𝑜, 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑦 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑡𝑦𝑝𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑎𝑡𝑟𝑖𝑥
3 6 9 3 Marks
Without expansion, show that: | 2 5 8| = 0
−1 3 7
2016
3 0 1 4Marks
Find the adjoint of the matrix 𝐴 = [0 3 −3]
1 −1 0
2
−𝑎 𝑎𝑏 𝑎𝑐 4 Marks
Verify that: | 𝑎𝑏 −𝑏2 𝑏𝑐| = −8𝑎 2 𝑏2 𝑐 2
−𝑎𝑐 −3𝑏𝑐 𝑐 2
2015
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 𝑎 𝑏 𝑏+𝑐 4Marks
Without expansion, prove that:| 1 1 1 | = − |𝑎 2 𝑏2 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 |
𝑏𝑐 𝑎𝑐 𝑎𝑏 1 1 2
1 1 0 −1 0 𝑎 4 Marks
The multiplicative inverse of the matrix [0 2 1] 𝑖𝑠 [ 2 0 −1] . Find the value of a.
2 1 0 −4 1 2
2014
1 2 3 Marks
2 3 −1
If 𝐴 = [ ] 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐵 = [2 1], then find 𝐴 × 𝐵
−1 2 3
1 2
𝑏+2 𝑏 𝑏 5 Marks
Without expansion, prove that: | 𝑏 𝑏+2 𝑏 | = 4(3𝑏 + 2)
𝑏 𝑏 𝑏+2
2013
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 0 −𝑎 −𝑎 1 0 0 −1 5 Marks
Find the matrix A if [𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 ] = 2𝐴 − [−𝑎 0 −𝑎 ] [0 1 0]
𝑎 𝑎 𝑎 −𝑎 −𝑎 𝑎 0 0 1
 3 6 9 3 Marks
Without expansion, prove that: | 2 5 8| = 0
−1 3 7
2012
1 2 3 4Marks
Find the adjoint of 𝐴 = [2 1 1]
3 3 2
6 7 2𝑎 3 Marks
By using the properties of determinant, show that | 8 3 3𝑎 | = 0
14 10 5𝑎
2011
𝑥 + 1 2𝑥 + 4 3𝑥 + 7 4 Marks
Prove that: |𝑥 + 2 2𝑥 + 5 3𝑥 + 8| = 0
𝑥 + 3 2𝑥 + 6 3𝑥 + 9
2 3 2 3 3 Marks
With the help of matrices 𝐴 = [ ] and 𝐵 = [ ], prove that the commutative law does not hold true
−1 2 1 2
for multiplication.
2010
2 0 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 3Marks
If 𝑋 + [0 2 1] [0 1 0] = [0 1 0], then find matrix 𝑋
1 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1
2 2 1 4 Marks
If the determinant of the matrix 𝐴 = [𝑥 6 7] is 15, then find the value of 𝑥.
8 7 8
2009
1 2 3Marks
2 3 −1
If [ ] , 𝐵 = [2 1] , then find 𝐴 × 𝐵
−1 2 3
1 2
3 0 1 5 5 5 1 0 0 4 Marks
Find matrix X. If 2𝑋 + 3 [1 1 0] = [5 5 5] [0 1 0]
3 0 1 5 5 5 0 0 1
September, 2014
For the equations, 3𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 1, 2𝑥 + 2𝑧 = 2, 2𝑦 + 3𝑧 = 3, find the value of 𝑥 by Cramer’s rule. 4 Marks
In the following matrix equation, find the value of matrix X. 4 Marks
1 2 3 𝑡 1 0 0 6 7 7
3𝑋 + [4 5 6] = [0 1 0] + [8 10 2]
7 8 9 0 0 1 6 12 8
September, 2013
Define singular matrix with the help of an example 2 Marks
Write any three properties of determinant. 3 Marks
1 −𝑚 3 2 4 𝑚+1 3 Marks
Find the values of 𝑚 for [ ]+[ ]=[ ]
2 5 5 1 3+4 6
September, 2012
0 2 1 4 Marks
Find the values of 𝑚 so that 𝐴𝐵𝐶 𝑡 = 0, where 𝐴 = [−2 𝑚 2], 𝐵 = [0 1 1] and 𝐶 = [𝑚 1 2]
1 3 2
The coefficient matrix for the system of equations 𝑦 = 2, 𝑦𝑥 + 𝑧 = −1 and 𝑦 + 𝑧 = 1 is 3 Marks
0 1 0 𝑥 2
𝐴 = [1 0 1] , 𝐵 = [𝑦 ], 𝐶 = [−1]. Find the value of 𝑥 by using Cramer’s rule.
0 1 1 𝑧 1
September, 2011
2 −1 7 Marks
2 3
For the given matrices 𝐴 = [3 1 ] and 𝐵 = [ ]. Find a matrix X, if 𝑋 = 3𝐵2 − 𝐴𝑡 𝐴
−1 1
2 3
September, 2010
 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 𝑥 𝑦 4Marks
Prove that | 𝑥 𝑥 2𝑥 + 2𝑦 | = −3(𝑥 + 𝑦)(𝑥 + 2𝑦)2
𝑦 𝑥 + 3𝑦 𝑦
2 0 0 3 Marks
If 𝐴 = [ ], then find 𝐴 × 𝐴𝑡
1 1 1

Quadratic Equation
2019
The length 𝑥 of one side of a square is decreased by 8 cm and another by 4 cm to form a rectangle. 3 Marks
I. the length of the sides of the rectangle. (2 Marks)
II. the area of the rectangle. (1 Mark)
1
Show that 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 − 8 = 0, if the square has an area 5 times the area of the rectangle. 2 Marks

Without using a calculator, express the length of the side of square in the form
𝑎+√41
. Hence, state the values 2 Marks
𝑏
of 𝑎 and 𝑏.
4 2 1
Given that 𝑝 = ,𝑞 = − and 𝑟 = , show that: (Note: 𝜔 and 𝜔2 are the complex cube roots of unity.) 6 Marks
𝜔 𝜔2 𝜔9
i. 𝑝 − 2𝑞 + 𝑟 2 is a real number. (2 Marks)
ii. √𝑝2 + (2𝑞)2 is an imaginary number. (4 Marks)
2018
Find the solution set of the equation 𝑥 4 − 7𝑥 3 + 12𝑥 2 − 7𝑥 + 1 = 0 8Marks
Solve the following system of equations. 6 Marks
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑦 = 16 and 3𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6
Prove that (𝜔7 + 1)2 = 𝜔 2 Marks
2017
Find the solution set of the equation (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 4) = 3 8Marks
If the roots of the equation 𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 − 15 = 0 are 𝛼 and 𝛽, then find the equation whose roots are 𝛼 + 𝛽 and 4 Marks
1 1
+
𝛼 𝛽
Apply synthetic division to find quotient and remainder when 𝑥 5 − 3𝑥 3 + 𝑥 + 7 is divided by 𝑥 − 1 4 Marks
2016
If the polynomial 𝑥 + 2𝑥 − 6𝑝𝑥 + 6 is divided by 𝑥 − 2, the remainder is 𝑅1 and if the polynomial 𝑥 3 +
3 2
6Marks
𝑝𝑥 2 − 10𝑥 − 7 is divided by 𝑥 + 1, the remainder is 𝑅2 . If 𝑅1 + 2𝑅2 = 6, find the value of p.
Find the quadratic equation whose roots are 3 and −2 2 Marks
If 𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 6 is a factor of the polynomial 3𝑥 3 − 13𝑥 2 + 8𝑥 + 12, then find the other factor with the help of 5Marks
synthetic division.
8𝑥 16
Using the quadratic formula, solve 25 = 3 Marks
𝑥
2015
𝑥−1 𝑥−1 8Marks
Solve: (𝑥+1) − 7√𝑥+1 + 12 = 0. Also verify the solution
Find the cube roots of 343 5Marks
Use synthetic division to find the quotient and remainder when 2𝑥 4 − 13𝑥 + 2 is divided by (𝑥 − 2) 3 Marks
2014
2
Solve 𝑎𝑥 + (𝑎 + 𝑏)𝑥 + 𝑏 = 0 by using quadratic formula 4 Marks
Simplify 𝜔200 + 𝜔100 + 2 4 Marks
Solve (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + 7)(𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 + 1) + 15 = 0 8Marks
2013
2
Find the possible values of 𝑥 for the equation 64𝑥 + 12 = 28 3Marks
By using synthetic division method, show that (𝑚 − 6) is a factor of 𝑚3 = 48 + 28𝑚. Hence, write down its 3 Marks
quotient.
Show that √3 − 𝜔 − 𝜔 2 = 2, where 𝜔 is a complex cube root of unity. 2 Marks
Given that s and t are the roots of 𝑚2 − 7𝑚 + 4 = 0, find the value of: 8Marks
√𝑠 √𝑡
i. +
√𝑡 √𝑠
1 1
ii. ( − 1) (1 − )
𝑠 𝑡
1 1
iii. ( − 1) (1 − ) − 1
𝑠 𝑡
2012
1+𝑦 1−𝑦
Find the value of y for the equation 2 +2 =5 4 Marks
Find the quadratic equation whose roots are
−1+√3𝑖
and
−1−√3𝑖 3 Marks
2 2
Use synthetic division to find the value of k, if (𝑥 − 2) is a factor of 𝑥 3 − 2𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 𝑘 3 Marks
Find the values of y for the system of equation 𝑥 + 2 = 2𝑦 and 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4 4 Marks
2011
Write the quadratic equation whose roots are −3 and −2 2 Marks
The roots of quadratic equation 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 𝑎 = 0 are 𝛼 and 𝛽. If 2𝛼 − 𝛽 = 7, then find the value of 𝛼. 5 marks
Solve: √𝑥(𝑥 + 1) + √(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 1) = 𝑥 + 1. Identify the extraneous root if any. 7 Marks
2010
3 2
Divide 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 9𝑥 − 9 by (𝑥 + 1) using the synthetic division method. Also write the quotient and 4 Marks
remainder and decide whether (𝑥 + 1) is a factor of 𝑃(𝑥) or not.
If 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 3 and 𝑥 2 + 9𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 0, then find the value of x. 3 Marks
Solve: √𝑥 + 4 + √𝑥 − 4 = 4 5 Marks
–𝑏±√𝑏 2 −4𝑎𝑐 2 Marks
Roots of the quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 𝑏𝑥 + 𝑐 = 0; 𝑎 ≠ 0 are . Prove that the sum of roots of the
2𝑎
𝑏
quadratic equation are – 𝑎.
2009
Find the value of 𝑥 for the following equation. 2 − 5 × 2𝑥+2 = −64
2𝑥
6 Marks
Discuss the nature of the roots of 15𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 + 25 = 0 3 Marks
1 1
If 𝛼, 𝛽 are the roots of 𝑥 2 − 2𝑥 + 2 = 0, find the sum of roots of the equation whose roots are 𝑎𝑛𝑑 3 Marks
𝛼−1 𝛽−1
September, 2014
4 2
Find the solution set of 3𝑥 − 7𝑥 + 2 = 0 5 Marks
4 8 2
Prove that 1 + 𝜔 + 𝜔 = 0, Note: 𝜔 and 𝜔 are the cube roots of unity 3 Marks
If 𝛼 and 𝛽 are the roots of 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 1 = 0, then find the equation whose roots are 𝛼 2 and 𝛽 2 6 Marks
For what value of 𝑚 in the equation 9𝑥 2 + 𝑚𝑥 + 1 = 0, have real and equal roots? 2 Marks
September, 2013
By completing the square method, solve 𝑥(𝑥 + 6) + 10 = 0 6 Marks
2
Solve 𝑥 + 𝑥 − 2√𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 1 = 0 8 Marks
If 𝑢 and 𝑣 are the roots of the quadratic equation 𝑎𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 − 10 = 0 and given that – 𝑣 + 10 = 𝑢, then find 4 Marks
the value of a. Hence, find the product of the roots.
Show that 𝜔3 = 1, where 𝜔 =
−1+√3 𝑖 4 Marks
2
September, 2012
Show
√1+𝜔
that 40 =, where 𝜔 is a complex cube root of unity. 4 Marks
𝜔
Show that the equation 𝑦 2 + (2 − 𝑚)𝑦 + 𝑚 − 3 = 0 has equal roots for all real values of m. 3 Marks
Solve √𝑡 + 2 + √𝑡 + 7 − √6𝑡 + 13 = 0. Also verify the results. 7 Marks
September, 2011
1 1 1
If 𝛼 and 𝛽 are the roots of 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 3 = 0, then form a quadratic equation whose roots are and + . 7 Marks
𝛼+𝛽 𝛼 𝛽
Solve 32𝑥 − 4(3𝑥+1 ) + 27 = 0 7 Marks
 September, 2010
2 1 1 1 1 7 Marks
If 𝛼 and 𝛽 are the roots of 5𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 6 = 0, then find the values of i. ( − 1) + ( − 1) ii. ( − 1) × ( − 1)
𝛼 𝛽 𝛼 𝛽
If the discriminant of 𝑎𝑥 2 + 2𝑥 + 5 = 0, is equal to the discriminant of 3𝑥 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑎 − 2 = 0, then find the 3 Marks
value of a.
Solve (𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 3) − 36 = 0 4 Marks

Sequences and Series

2019
𝑛
4 Marks
The sum of first natural numbers ∑ 𝑘 and the sum of the cubes of first n natural numbers
𝑘=1
𝑛

∑ 𝑘 3 differ by zero. Find the value of n.

𝑘=1
The arithmetic progression (𝐴. 𝑃. ) and geometric progression are defined in such a way that the first, fourth 5 Marks
and ninth term of an A.P. will form a G.P.
(i) Express, in term of a and d, the first, fourth and ninth terms of A.P.
(ii) Use the given condition to show that 2𝑎 = 9𝑑
(iii) Hence, find the value of the tenth term of an A.P. when 𝑎 = 4
2018
Find the first term (𝑎1 ), common difference (d) and the nth term of an arithmetic sequence which satisfies 6 Marks
conditions 4 × 𝑎6 = 𝑎26and𝑎15 = 47.
1 1
Find TWO harmonic means between17 and 32 3 Marks
Over a period of five years in a certain city, the number of road accidents increased by 20% per year. If there were 3 Marks
10,240 accidents in 2010 and the road accidents follow geometric sequence, then how many accidents occurred
in 2015? (Note: The answer should be the nearest whole number.)
2017
9
If the 4 term of an arithmetic progression is 2 and the 19th term is 2, then find the first term and the common
th 6 Marks
difference. Also find the 100th term of the progression.
Without using calculator, convert 0.481481481481481 …. into an equivalent common fraction. 3 Marks
Find the sum of the seires: 1 + 4 + 9 + 16 + 25 + 36+ . . . +2500 3 Marks
2016
th
In an arithmetic progression, the 6 term is 211 and the sum of the first 10 terms is 2040. Find the common 6 Marks
difference of this arithemtic progression.
24
A geometric progression has first term , common ratio 𝑡 2 and its sum to infinity is 7. Find the value of t. 3 Marks
7
2
𝑛 3 Marks
Verify that: ∑(3𝑛 − 2) = [(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) − 4]
2
2015
The sum of 3rd and 13th term of an arithmetic progression is 52. Calculate the 8th term of the sequence. Also write 6 Marks
the arithemtic progression if the common differene is 3.
Find TWO geometric means between 4 and 32 3 Marks
Find the sum to n terms of the series whose nth term is 4𝑛3 − 2𝑛 3 Marks
2014
9
If the 4 term of an arithmetic progression is 2 and the 19th term is 2, then find the first term and the common
th 6 Marks
difference. Also find the 100th term of the progression.
1 1
Find TWO harmonic meand between 7 and 19 3 Marks
Find the sum of 13 + 23 + 33 + . . . +3983 + 3993 + 4003 3 Marks
2013
Consider the progression √𝑎 + 1, 2√𝑎 + 1, 3√𝑎 + 1,. . . . 𝑢𝑝𝑡𝑜 𝑛 𝑡𝑒𝑟𝑚𝑠 6 Marks
i. Find the last term
ii. Find the sum to n terms
iii. If 𝑎 = 3, then find 𝑆10
𝑎
If the first three numbers in a geometric progression are , 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑎𝑟 respectively, then find the sum to infinity of 3 Marks
𝑟
5
the series in terms of a and r. If 𝑎 = −5 and 𝑆∞ = 2, then show that the equation reduces to 𝑟 2 − 𝑟 − 2 = 0.
6𝑛3 −6𝑛 2 3 Marks
If 𝑇𝑛 = 𝑛−1
, then show that the sum to n terms of the series is 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1)
2012
31 17 37 43 5 Marks
If 7, , , , 10, ,. . ., is an arithmetic progression, then find its 13th term. Also find the sum of the first
4 2 4 4
100 terms.
Insert TWO geometric means between 4 and 32. 3 Marks
Find the sum to n terms of the series whose 𝑛𝑡ℎ term is 4𝑛3 − 2𝑛 3 Marks
2011
If 2, 𝑥, 𝑦, 7 is an arithmetic sequence, then find the values of 𝑥 and 𝑦. 5 Marks
Ahmed divides a long wire into two equal halves. He again divides one part into further two halve and 3 Marks
continues to divide in the same way. If the length of each half after first division is 4000m, then what will be
length of each half after 50th division?
Find the sum of the series: 23 + 33 + 43 + 53 + . . . +193 + 203 3 Marks
2010
Do as directed: 5 Marks
𝑛−1
i. Write the 5th term of a sequence whose 𝑛𝑡ℎ term is 2𝑛−3
ii. Find the 7th term of a sequence 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, . . .
iii. Find the next term of the sequence 2, -4, 8, -16, 32, -64, . . .
iv. Write the nth term or general term of the sequence 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, . . .
v. Find the sum of the first two terms of a sequence whose general term or n th term is (2𝑛 − 1)
If the 15 , 16th and 17th terms of an arithmetic progression are 46, 49 and 52 respectively, then find the 50th
th 3 Marks
term of the sequence.
2 16 3 Marks
If two geometric means 𝐺1 and 𝐺2 are inserted between and , then find 𝐺1. (Note: 𝐺1 , 𝐺1 ∈ 𝑅)
3 81
2009
Insert two arithmetic means between −√2 and √2. 4 Marks
Find the first term and common ratio of the geometric progression whose third term is 9 and seventh term 4 Marks
1
is . (Note: first term and common ratio is real number)
9
Find the sum of all the numbers between 1 and 250, which are exactly divisible by 7. 4 Marks
September, 2014
Insert 3 arithmetic means between 24 and 8. 4 Marks
9 15 2 Marks
Find the sum of the following series 3 + 2 + 6 + 2 + 9 + . . . to 25 terms
Convert the recurring decimal fraction 10. 6̇ into an equivalent common fraction. 3 Marks
1 1 1 1 3 Marks
Consider the harmonic sequence 2 , 5 , 8 , 11 ,. . . and find its 15th term.
September, 2013
Convert the recurring decimal 1. 4̇9̇ into an equivalent common fraction. 6 Marks
If A is the arithmetic mean and H is the harmonic mean between two numbers m and n, then show that 3 Marks
𝐴𝐻 = 𝑚𝑛.
Find the sum of the series 23 + 43 + 63 + . . . up to n terms 3 Marks
September, 2012
1 1 1 1 5 Marks
Find the value of k if the sum to infinity of a geometric sequence 𝑘 , 𝑘 2 , 𝑘 3 ,. . . is 3 .
Also find the geometric progression.
If A and H are the arithmetic and harmonic means between two numbers p and q respectively, then find the 3 Marks
relationship between p and q.
𝑚 𝑚
𝑚(𝑚 + 1) 3 Marks
2
If ∑(2𝑝 − 1) = 𝑚 , then show that ∑ 𝑝 =
2
𝑝=1 𝑝=1
 September, 2011
𝑡ℎ 5 Marks
The 𝑛 term of an arithmetic progression is 3𝑛 + 2. Find the sum of 11th term to 50th term.
1 3 Marks
The third term of a geometric progression is . Find the product of first five terms of the progression.
2
Find the sum of the series: (1 + 13 ) + (2 + 23 ) + (3 + 33 )+ . . . +(30 + 303 ) 3 Marks
September, 2010
Find the 101𝑡ℎ term of the sequence 25, 27.5, 30, 32.5, 35, . . . 3 Marks
Find the 10𝑡ℎ term of the following sequence up to three places of decimal: 250, 125, 62.5, 31.25, . . . 3 Marks
The product of three consecutive numbers in an arithmetic progression is 231. If the middle term is 7, then 5 Marks
find the other two numbers.

Permutation Combination and Probability

2019
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛+1 6 Marks
Prove that ( ) + ( ) = ( ), where 𝑛 is a positive integer.
3 2 3
2018
How many different words can be formed with the letters of word BREAD if 3 Marks
I. all letters are used? (1Mark)
II. all letters are used and B and R always come together? (1Mark)
III. only three letters are used? (1Mark)
A basket contains 6 white balls and 4 black balls. If all the balls are identical, then how many selections of 4 balls 3 Marks
can be made such that at least 3 of them are white balls?
Two fair dice are rolled simultaneously and score on both dice is added together. 6 Marks
i. Complete the given table to show all possible outcomes. (2Marks)
Die-1
Die-2 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 2 7
2 4 7
3 6 7
4 7 8
5 7 10
6 7 12
ii. Find the probability of obtaining the score of
(I) exactly 10 (1Mark) (II) at least 10 (1Mark) (III) at most 10 (1Mark) (IV) other than 10 (1Mark)
2017
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛+1 6 Marks
Prove that: ( ) + ( ) = ( ), where n is a positive integer.
3 2 3
A non-transparent jar contains tickets numbered from 1 to 50. If two dice are rolled simultaneously and 6 Marks
ticket if drawn from the jar, then answer the following question.
i. Find the number of sample points in the sample space.
ii. Are rolling die and drawing a ticket from the jar independent or dependent events? Justify your answer.
iii. What is the probability of both dice showing the same number and ticket showing a number greater than
45? Also write all possible outcomes of the event.
iv. Find the probability of the event that the sum on both dice is 9 and the ticket shows off numbers.
2016
A committee of 9 people is to be selected from 7 teachers and 6 students. Find the number of different ways 5 Marks
in which the committee can be selected if
I. There are no restrictions.
II. There are 5 teachers and 4 students in the committee
Find the number of different arrangements of the letters of the word NUMBER 1 Mark
Box A contains three cards numbered 1, 2 and 3. Box B contains two cards one of which is red and the other 6 Marks
is white. One card is chosen randomly from each box to get a pair of cards.
i. Write down the sample space of this experiment that shows all possible outcomes.
 ii. Find the probability that:
I. One of the cards in the pair is red in colour
II. One of the cards in the pair shows a number less than 3 and the other is white in colour
III. One of the cards in the pair shows a number greater than 3
2015
The absentee records over the past semester for the students at a college are presented as follows: 4 Marks
Number of days missed 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total
Number of students 8 10 10 20 23 37 25 23 20 14 5 195
If a student is selected at random, then find the probability that over the past semester the student missed
the college for
i. Three days
ii. At most five days
iii. Three days of five days or work
Find the number of possible permutations of the letters of the word ‘HUNZA’ if three letters are taken at a time. 2 Marks
Two coinsare tossed and a die is rolled simultaneously. Write the sample space and draw the tree diagram of the 4 Marks
experiment.
Find the probability of getting at least one coin to show head and the dice to show an even number at the same 2 Marks
time.
2014
How many 8 digit telephone number canbe formed by using digits 0 to 9, when the first three digits are fixed as 3 Marks
365 and digits can be repeated?
In how many ways the letters of the word BOOKKEEPER can be arranged using all the letters at a time? 3 Marks
A coin is tossed and a die is rolled. For the given experiment, do as directed. 6 Marks
i. Write the sample space of the experiment
ii. Find the probability of getting the head
iii. Find the probability of getting 6 on the dice
iv. Find the probability of getting the head on the coin and 6 on the dice
v. Find the probability of getting the head on the coin 0r 6 on the dice
vi. Find the probability of getting a prime number on the dice
2013
Find the possible number of car number plates, which consist of three letters followied by two digits. If the letters 4 Marks
are digits.
I. may not be repeated (2 marks) II. may be repeated (2 marks)
In how many ways can a club football team of 11 players be selected from 18 players if three players were injured 2 Marks
during a practice session?
The events E, F, G and H are such that: 6 Marks
2 1 1 2
𝑃(𝐸) = , 𝑃(𝐹) = , 𝑃(𝐺) = , 𝑃(𝐻) =
5 6 4 3
13 13 1
𝑃(𝐸 or 𝐺) = ; 𝑃(𝐹 or 𝐻) = ; 𝑃(𝐸 or 𝐹) =
20 18 2
1
𝑃(𝐸 and 𝐹) = ; 𝑃(𝐸 and 𝐺) = 0
15
i. Give the name, with reason, which of the given evnets are:
I. mutually exclusive (2 marks)
II. independent (2 marks)
ii. Why are events F and H not mutually exclusive?
2012
How many FOUR letter passwords can be formed from the word “COMPUTER” when each letter is used 4 Marks
once. Also find the number of passwords when all the letters used at a time and each letter is used once.
i. Write the sample space of an experiment when three coins are tossed simultaneously. Hence find the 1 Marks
probability of an event getting
ii. at most two heads
iii. exactly one head
2011
How many numbers are possible from 100 to 999 in which digit 1 appear once only? 4 Marks
The absentee records over the past semester for the students at a college are presented as follows: 4 Marks
Number of days missed 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total
Number of students 8 10 10 20 23 37 25 23 20 14 5 195
If a student is selected at random, then find the probability that over the past semester the student missed
the college for
iv. Three days
v. At most five days
vi. Three days of five days or work
2010
The probabilities of two mutually independent events A and B are 0.6 and 0.7 respectively. Find 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) 4 Marks
and 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵).
i. A debate club of a college consists of 6 boys and 6 girls. In how many ways can a group of 4 members be 2 Marks
selected for a certain task?

ii. In how many ways can the letters of the word CORRECT be arranged using all the letters at a time? 2 Marks
2009
EITHER 4 Marks
A college debate club comprises of 7 boys are 7 girls. For a debate competition a team of 2 is to be selected.
In how many ways can the selection be made, if:
i. Both members are chosen from all
ii. One is to be a girl and the other a boy.
iii. Both members are chosen from girls
OR 3 Marks
A number is chosen at random from a list of numbers 11,12,13, . . . , 94, 95. Write the sample space and find
the probability that chosen number is divisible by 3 and 5.
September, 2014
The absentee records over the past semester for the students at a college are presented as follows: 4 Marks
Number of days missed 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Total
Number of students 8 10 10 20 23 37 25 23 20 14 5 195
If a student is selected at random, then find the probability that over the past semester the student missed
the college for
vii. Three days
viii. At most five days
ix. Three days of five days or work
In how many ways can the letters of the word CORRECT be re-arranged using all letters at a time? 2 Marks
The probabilities of two mutually independent events A and B are 0.6 and 0.7 respectively. 4 Marks
Find 𝑃(𝐴 ∩ 𝐵) and 𝑃(𝐴 ∪ 𝐵).
A debate club of a college consists of 6 boys and 6 girls. In how many ways can a group of 4 members be 2 Marks
seated for a certain task?
September, 2013
Show that 𝑛𝑃𝑛 = 𝑛! 2 Marks
The principal of a college calls a round table meeting of 5 lecturers. Find the number of permutations in 2 Marks
which 5 lecturers can be seated.
In a science exhibition there are 12 projects of different schools. In how many ways can a visitor select 3 2 Marks
projects?
Consider the following multiplication table for the given questions: 6 Marks
DICE-I
× 1 3 5 6
1 1 3 5 6

DICE-II
2 2 6 10 12
4 4 12 20 24
i. Find the number of elements in the sample space.
ii. Find the probability that the product of two numbers on the dice is a prime number.
iii. Find the probability that the product of two numbers on the dice is at least 10.
iv. Find the probability that the product of two numbers on the dice is zero.
September, 2012
In order to make a rugby team the selection committee wants to select 15 players out of 20. How many 4 Marks
possible teams will
i. exclude a particular player
ii. include a particular player
1
The probability that Mr. Arsalan reached his office in time on a particular day is 3 and Ms. Qaria reached her 4 Marks
2
office on a particular day is . Find the probability that:
5
i. Ms. Qaria reached her office in time (1 Mark)
ii. Mr. Arslaan reached late and Ms. Qaria reached in time (3 Mark)
September, 2011
Ina n examination hall, there are three rows; each containing 10 chairs. A supervisor has to make a seating 4 Marks
plan for 20 students of class IX and 10 students of class X in the hall. In how many ways can these 30
students be seated if all the students seated in each row belong to the same class and that
i. no two adjacent rows are allotted to class IX
ii. two adjacent rows are allotted to class X
A table below shows the choices made by girls and boys for their HSSC qualification. 4 Marks
Girls Boys
Pre-Medical 30 11
Pre-Engineering 20 25
A student is chosen at random. Find the probability that the student is a (i) boy (ii) girl of pre engineering
September, 2010
How many odd natural numbers of three digits are possible if repetition of digits is allowed? 4 Marks
Two dice are thrown simultaneously. Find the probability that the sum of the number of dots is either 6 or 4 Marks
12.

Mathematical Induction and Binomial Theorem

2018
n 6Marks
Prove by mathematical induction that for all positive integral values of n, 7 −1 is divisible by 6.
2017
Prove using mathematical induction that 5 + 9 + 13 + 17+ . . . +4𝑛 + 1 = 𝑛(2𝑛 + 3) is true for all positive 4 Marks
integral values of n. Support your working with necessary statements.
2015
Prove by mathematical induction that for all integral values of n, 7𝑛 − 1 is divisible by 6. 6 Marks
2014
8𝑛 −3𝑛 4 Marks
Show that 5
is an integer for all natural numbers. [𝑁𝑜𝑡𝑒: 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁]
2012
State the principle of Mathematical Induction. 2 Marks
2009
8𝑛 −3𝑛 4 Marks
Show that 5
is an integer for all natural numbers
September, 2014
𝑛(𝑛+1)(2𝑛+1) 6 Marks
Use mathematical induction to prove that: 12 + 22 + 33 + . . . +𝑛2 = 6
for all positive integers n
September, 2012
By using principle of Mathematical induction, show that the proposition: 3 Marks
1 + 5 + 9+ . . . +(4𝑛 − 3) = 𝑛(2𝑛 − 1) is true for 𝑛 = 𝐾 + 1
September, 2010
The statement 3 + 5 + 7 + 9+ . . . +(2𝑛 − 1) = 𝑛(𝑛 + 2) is true for 𝑛 = 𝐾 i.e. 3 Marks
3 + 5 + 7 + 9+ . . . +(2𝐾 − 1) = 𝐾(𝐾 + 2). Prove that the statement is true for 𝑛 = 𝐾 + 1, where 𝑛 ∈ 𝑍 + .
September, 2011
3 1 4−𝑛 𝑛 6 Marks
By using principle of Mathematical induction, prove that: 2 + 1 + 2 + . . . + 2
= 4 (7 − 𝑛); 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁
2019
(𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐚: 𝑇𝑟+1 =. 𝐶𝑟 𝑎 𝑘 𝑛−𝑟 𝑟 7 Marks
𝑏 , where, symbols have their usual meanings)
1 𝑛
In the binomial expression pf (√𝑥 + ) ,
√𝑥
𝑛
(a) Show that 𝑟 = for which the term is constant. (3 Marks)
2
(b) hence, find the value of 𝑛 and of 𝑘 if the constant term is given by .𝑘 𝐶3 . (4 Marks)
2017
(2𝑎 10
Find the third term in the expansion of − 3𝑏) 2 Marks
2016
4 6 4 Marks
Find the term independent of 𝑥 in the expansion of (𝑥 2 + )
𝑥
When (1 + 𝑏𝑥)5 is expanded, the coefficient of 𝑥 is equal to the coefficient of 𝑥 2 . Find the value of b where 2 Marks
𝑏≠0
2014
Verify that there is no term involving 𝑥 inin the expansion of (𝑥 2 + 2)7 .
5 2 Marks
2013
1 1 2 3 1 4 15 1 6 6 Marks
Identify the series 1 + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + . . . .Also find the sum of the series
1! 2 2! 2 3! 2
2012
𝑏 12 4 Marks
Find the middle term in the expansion of (𝑎𝑥 2 − 𝑥 ) .
2011
If 𝑥 is so small that 𝑥 2 and higher powers of 𝑥 can be neglected, then prove that: 6 Marks
1
𝑥+2 3 3 1
( ) = √2 (1 − 𝑥) approximately
𝑥+1 6
2010
1 2 1.3 2 2 1.3.5 2 3 6 Marks
Identify the series 1 + ( ) + ( ) + ( ) + . . . as binomial expansion. Also prove that the sum of
2 3 4.2! 3 8.3! 3
the series is √3
2009
Prove that there is no term involving 𝑥 in the expansion of (𝑥 2 + 2)7.
5 2 Marks
September, 2013
3 10 6 Marks
Find the coefficient of 𝑦 4 in the expansion of(𝑦 − 𝑦 )
September, 2012
1 𝑛 3 Marks
In the expansion of (1 + ) , the second and third term are equal. Find the value of n.
3
 September, 2010
If 𝑥 is so small that its square and higher powers can be neglected, then show that: 3 Marks
1
= 1 + 𝑥 (approximately)
√1−2𝑥

Fundamentals of trigonometry
2019
1
If 𝑝 = √cosec 𝐴 − 1, 𝑞 = 1 + and 𝑟 = tan 𝐴, then show that 𝑝𝑞𝑟 is constant. 4 Marks
sin 𝐴
(Note: 𝑝, 𝑞 are 𝑟 are positive.)
2018
5 4 Marks
Find the remaining trigonometric ratios, if𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 13 and terminal ray of 𝜃 lies in the first quadrant.
1−cot2 𝜃 3Marks
Verify that: = sin2 𝜃 − cos2 𝜃
1+cot2 𝜃
2017
(sin2 𝜃+cos2 𝜃)(1+cot2 𝜃) 2 4Marks
Verify that: (1+tan2 𝜃)
= cot 𝜃
4
The terminal ray of 𝜃 lies in the fourth quadrant and 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = − 7. Without using the calculator, find the value 3 Marks
of 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃.
2016
1 1
Show that + = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 sec 𝜃 2 4Marks
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃+1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃−1
4
The diagram shows a sector COD of a circle with centre O, in which ∠𝐶𝑂𝐷 = radian. The length of the arc 3 Marks
3
28 200
AB is 3
cm and 𝐴𝐷 = 3𝑐𝑚. If the area of sector COD is 3
𝑐𝑚2, find the area of the shaded region.

2015
In a circle, the arc length is 𝑙 and the corresponding central angle is 𝜃 0 . Prove that the area of the 4Marks
90𝑙 2
corresponding circular sector is
𝜋𝜃
1−cos2 𝜃 3 Marks
Prove that: = sin4 𝜃
1+cot2 𝜃
2014
99
Find the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 and 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 if 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = and terminal ray of 𝜃 lies in the second quadrant. 4 Marks
100
1−cot2 𝜃 3Marks
Prove that sin2 𝜃 − sin2 𝜃 = 1+cot2 𝜃
2013
In the given diagram PQ and RS are two arcs with the same centre O. 4Marks
i. Given that angle ROS= 2.5radians and 𝑂𝑃 = 8𝑐𝑚, find
the arc length PQ.
ii. Given that the arc length RS and the area of sector ORS
are 25cm and 175𝑐𝑚2 respectively, find OS.
Define ‘radian’. 1Marks
By using the relationship of degree and radian, convert 0.8 radian into degree measure. 2 Marks
1+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 4 Marks
Prove that √1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 + 1 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
2009
Do as directed: 3 Marks
i. Convert 500 into radian measure
6
ii. Convert𝜋 radian into degree measure
iii. Prove that: 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
1
Find the value of sin2 𝜃 − cos2 𝜃, if sin2 𝜃 = 4 , 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 900 2 Marks
𝜋 𝜋
tan −sin
3 3 𝜋 3 Marks
Prove that: tan 𝜋−cos 𝜋
= cos 6
If terminal ray of an angle is in the second quadrant, then why is 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 positive and 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 is negative? 2 Marks
September, 2014
In the given diagram, find the area of the shaded portion. Write your answer correct to 3 decimal places. 4 Marks

sin2 𝜃+cos2 𝜃 3 Marks

Prove that = cos2 𝜃 where 1 + tan2 𝜃 ≠ 0
1+tan2 𝜃
September, 2013
1
Given that sin 𝜃 = − 2 and tan 𝜃 > 0, find the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 and 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃. 4 Marks
In the given diagram, find: 3 Marks
I. the angle of elevation from A to B II. the value of b

Given that the central angle 𝜃 = 600 , arc length 𝑙 = 12𝑐𝑚, find the radius r. Hence, find area of the sector AB. 5 Marks

√1−cos2 𝜃 2 Marks
Prove that =1
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
September, 2012

Trigonometric Identities
2019
If 𝐴 + 𝐵 + 𝐶 = 180°, then show that sin(𝐵 + 𝐶) = sin 𝐴. 3 Marks
𝐴+𝐵 𝐴−𝐵 2 Marks
(𝐅𝐨𝐫𝐦𝐮𝐥𝐚: sin 𝐴 − sin 𝐵 = 2 cos ( 2
) sin ( 2
) , 2 cos 𝐴 cos 𝐵 = cos(𝐴 + 𝐵) cos(𝐴 − 𝐵))
sin 150°−sin 30°
Without using a calculator, evaluate the following: sin2 75°+cos2 75°
Evaluate: (cos 60° + cos 20°) × cos 80°. 5 Marks
2018
Prove that cos(𝛼 + 𝛽) cos(𝛼 − 𝛽) = 1 − (sin2 𝛼 + sin2 𝛽) 4 Marks
𝛼 1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 3 Marks
With the help of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼, prove that sin = ±√
2 2
 2017
tan 𝛼−tan 𝛽 4 Marks
Apply formulae of sin(𝛼 − 𝛽) and cos(𝛼 − 𝛽) to deduce that tan(𝛼 − 𝛽) = 1+tan 𝛼 tan 𝛽
sin 3𝛼+sin 𝛼 3 Marks
Verify that cos 3𝛼−cos 𝛼 = − cot 𝛼
2016
𝜋 3 Marks
Using fundamental law of trigonometry, prove that cos ( 2 + 𝛼) = − sin 𝛼
1 13 4 Marks
Given that tan(𝛼 + 𝛽) = 6 and sec 𝛼 = √ 9 . If tan 𝛼 > 0, find the value of tan 𝛽
2015
sin 6𝑥−sin 2𝑥 tan2 2𝑥−1 4 Marks
Prove that: =
cos 6𝑥−cos 2𝑥 2 tan 2𝑥
2 3
Find the value of sin (𝛼 + 𝛽) given that sin 𝛼 = , cos 𝛽 = and the terminal rays of 𝛼 and 𝛽 are in the first 3 Marks
3 5
quadrant.
2014
2 sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃 3 Marks
Prove that: tan 2𝜃 = 1−2 sin2 𝜃
Prove that: cos 𝜃 + cos 5𝜃 + cos 3𝜃 + cos 3𝜃 = 4 cos 3𝜃 cos2 𝜃 4 Marks
2013
Given that sin 𝐴 = cos 𝐴 and cos 𝐵 = − sin 𝐵, find the value of tan (𝐴 − 𝐵). 3 Marks
2012
2 2 4 Marks
Prove that: sin(𝛼 + 𝛽) sin(𝛼 − 𝛽) = cos 𝛼 − sin 𝛽
𝜋 2 Marks
Prove that: cos ( 2 − 𝛼) = sin 𝛼
Prove that: sin 7𝜃 + sin 3𝜃 = 2 sin 5𝜃 cos 2𝜃 2 Marks
𝜃 𝜃
tan – cot
2 2
4 Marks
Prove that: 𝜃 𝜃 = − cos 𝜃
tan + cot
2 2

2011
2𝜃 2𝜃 6 Marks
Prove that: tan − cot = −4 cot 𝜃 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐 𝜃
2 2
𝜋 6 Marks
Prove that: sin 𝜃 + cos 𝜃 = √2𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝜃 + 4 )
2010
𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼+𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽 6 Marks
By using the formulae of 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 − 𝛽) and 𝑐𝑜𝑠(𝛼 − 𝛽), prove that: 𝑡𝑎𝑛(𝛼 − 𝛽) = 1−𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽
1 1 Marks
If sin 𝛼 = (the terminal ray of 𝛼 is in the second quadrant) and sin 𝛽 = (the terminal ray of 𝛽 is in the first
3 2
quadrant), then find the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛(𝛼 − 𝛽).
September, 2014
3𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃−tan3 𝜃 4 Marks
Prove that 𝑡𝑎𝑛3𝜃 = 1−3 tan2 𝜃
𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑥 3 Marks
Prove that = tan
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 2
September, 2012
Prove the fundamental law of trigonometry cos(𝛼 − 𝛽) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 6 Marks
Express 𝑐𝑜𝑠6𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 as a product 2 Marks
Express 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑎 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑏 as a sum of difference 2 Marks
𝛼 𝛼
Show that sin 𝛼 can be written as 2 sin 2 cos 2 2 Marks
September, 2011
For the given figure, 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 = 0.34 and 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 = 0.76, find the value of tan(𝛼 − 𝛽) 6 Marks
 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 1−tan2 𝜃 4 Marks
Prove that 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝜃+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 2
September, 2010
Prove that the distance between points (𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃, 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃) and (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃, −𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃) is equal to √2 3 Marks
𝜋 3 Marks
Prove that sin ( − 𝜃) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
2
Prove that the 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝛽 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽(3 − 4 sin2 𝛽) 6 Marks

Graphs of Trigonometric Functions

2019
The figure shows the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑎 sin(𝑝𝑥) for 0° ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 180°, where 3 Marks
𝑎 and 𝑝 are positive constants.
Use the graph to state the:
i. value of 𝑎 and of 𝑝. (2 Marks)
ii. the period of 𝑦. (1 Mark)

2018
Complete the following table to draw the graph of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 on the given graph. Also write the range of the 7 Marks
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃.
𝜃 0 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800 2100 2400 2700 3000 3300 3600
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃

2017
Fill in the following table and draw the graph of 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃 on the given graph. Write the range of the 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃. 7 Marks
𝜃 0 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋 5𝜋 𝜋 7 4 3 5 11 2𝜋
6 3 2 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
3 6 6 3 2 3 6
𝑠𝑒𝑐𝜃
2016
Find the period, domain and range of 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 4Marks

Find the maximum and minimum value of 5 + 3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 3 Marks

2015
Write any TWO translation properties of the graph of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 2 Marks
Draw the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥; −𝜋 ≤ 𝑥 < 𝜋 by completing the following table. 4 Marks
𝑥 −𝜋 5 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 5 𝜋
− 𝜋 − 𝜋 − 𝜋 − 𝜋 − 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
6 3 2 3 6 6 3 2 3 6
𝑓(𝑥)
2014
Plot the graph of 𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 from −1800 to 1800 at an interval of 300 . 7 Marks
[Note: complete the given table]
 𝑥 −1800 1800

𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 0 0

2013
Write any TWO translation properties of the graph of sin 𝑥. 2 Marks
Fill the missing entries in the given table. 2 Marks
𝜋 2𝜋 𝜋
−𝜃 −6 −2𝜋
3 2
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑥 5 Marks
Find the period, domain and range of cos (2)
2012
Find the period, domain and range of 2 sin 2𝑥 4 Marks
Find the maximum and minimum value of 5 + 3 cos 3𝜃 3 Marks
Decide whether 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 3 − 3𝑥 is an even or odd function? Also justify the answer. 2 Marks
2011
Prove that 𝑓(𝑥) = |𝑥| is an even function. 2 Marks
Draw the graph of 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥; −𝜋 ≤ 𝑥 < 𝜋 by completing the following table. Marks
𝑥 −𝜋 5 2 1 1 1 0 1 1 1 2 5 𝜋
− 𝜋 − 𝜋 − 𝜋 − 𝜋 − 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
6 3 2 3 6 6 3 2 3 6
𝑓(𝑥)
2010
Prove that 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 4 − 𝑥 7 is neither an even nor an odd function. 2 Marks
Find the period, domain and range of 2sin (3𝑥) 5 Marks
Complete the following table. 2 Marks
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝜃 𝜋
6 3 2
sin(−𝜃)
Complete the following table by filling in the missing entries. 7Marks
Function Domain Range
𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 Set of real numbers Or (−∞, ∞) [−1,1]
𝑦 = sin 𝑥−1 𝜋 𝜋
[− , ]
2 2
𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑦 = cos −1 𝑥 [−1,1]
𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
𝑦 = tan−1 𝑥 𝜋 𝜋
(− , )
2 2
2009
2 2 Marks
Decide whether the function 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 3𝑥 + 7 is an even or odd function or neither of them.
Match the correct item in column I with column II win the arrow (→) in the following table. 3 Marks
Column I Column II
Range of tan−1 𝑥 𝜋
[0, 𝜋] − { }
2
Domain of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝜋 𝜋
− <𝑥<
2 2
Range of sec −1 𝑥 (−∞, ∞)
Fill in the following table and draw the graph of the tangent function. 4 Marks
𝜃 −1800 −1500 −1200 −900 −300 00 300 600 900 1200 1500 1800
tan 𝜃
September, 2014
Find the period, domain and range of 2 sin(3𝑥) 5 Marks
Complete the following table: 2 Marks
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋
𝜃 𝜋
6 3 2
sin(−𝜃)
Complete the following table by filling the missing entries. 7 Marks
Function Domain Range
 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 Set of real numbers Or (−∞, ∞) [−1,1]
𝑦 = sin−1 𝑥 𝜋 𝜋
[− , ]
2 2
𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
𝑦 = cos −1 𝑥 [−1,1]
𝑦 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
𝑦 = tan−1 𝑥 𝜋 𝜋
(− , )
2 2
September, 2013
3 4 Marks
Find the maximum and minimum value of
4−2 cos(𝜃+600 )
September, 2012
Write down domain of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 and 𝑐𝑜𝑡𝜃 2 Marks
Define the period of trigonometric function. 1 Marks
1 4 Marks
Find the maximum and minimum value of 3−2 cos(𝜃+3)
Show that 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑒𝑐2𝜃 is a periodic function of period 𝜋 7 Marks
September, 2011
Solve the trigonometric equation 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 = 0 graphically by completing the following table and graph. 7 Marks
𝑥 −𝜋 − 5𝜋 − 3𝜋 − 2𝜋 − 𝜋 − 𝜋 − 𝜋 0 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋 3𝜋 5𝜋 𝜋
6 4 3 2 3 6 6 4 3 2 3 4 6
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

September, 2010
Fill in the following table and draw the 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥 on the given paper. 7 Marks
𝜋 𝜋
2𝜋 − 𝜋 − 0 0 𝜋 𝜋
𝜋 𝜋 𝜋 2𝜋
𝑥 −𝜋 − 5𝜋 − 2
− +0
2 − − −2 −0 − +0
2
5𝜋 𝜋
6 3 3 6 6 3 3 6
cos 𝑥 -1 -0.87 -0.5 0.5 0.87 1 0.87 0.5 -0.5 -.87 -1
sec 𝑥 −∞ +∞ +∞ −∞

Applications of Trigonometry
2019
𝑠(𝑠−𝑎)(𝑠−𝑏)(𝑠−𝑐) 4 Marks
Express (𝑎+𝑏+𝑐)(𝑎𝑏𝑐)
in terms of 𝑟 and 𝑅. (Note: Symbols have their usual meanings)
A circle is inscribed in a triangle having radius 𝑟 units. It is given that the area of a circle ans perimeter of a 3 Marks
∆
triangle are 81𝜋 square units and 48 units respectively. Use 𝑟 = to find ∆.
𝑠
2018
In the given diagram, find the value of 𝛼 when b=25cm, 𝛽 = 350 and 𝛾 = 300 3 Marks

𝑎 𝑐
With the help of suitable diagram of an oblique triangle ABC, prove that = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛾 5 Marks
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼
 𝛽 (𝑠−𝑐)(𝑠−𝑎) 8 Marks
Prove thatsin = √
2 𝑎𝑐
𝛽 𝛽
(𝐇𝐢𝐧𝐭: cos 𝛽 = cos ( + ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 2𝑠 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)
2 2

𝛼
In a triangle ABC, if the measure of 𝑎 = 6𝑐𝑚, 𝑏 = 7𝑐𝑚 and 𝑐 = 3𝑐𝑚, then find the value of cos . The semi 2 Marks
2
perimeter s of the triangle ABC is equal to 8 cm.
2017
In the given equilateral triangle ABC, the length of each side is 2cm. For the given triangle ABC, 6 Marks
i. Prove that 𝑟1 : 𝑅: 𝑟 = 3: 2: 1, where 𝑟1 is the radius of the escribed circle opposite to the vertex A, R
is the circum-radius and r is the in-radius.
Find the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 where 𝛼 is an angle associated with vertex A. 2 Marks

Prove that law of cosines i.e. 𝑐 2 = 𝑎 2 + 𝑏2 − 2𝑎𝑏𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛾 with the help of a suitable diagram. 6 Marks
𝛼
In a triangle ABC, if the measure of 𝑎 = 6𝑐𝑚, 𝑏 = 7𝑐𝑚 and 𝑐 = 3𝑐𝑚, then find the value of cos . The semi 2 Marks
2
perimeter s of the triangle ABC is equal to 8 cm.

2016
For the given triangle, find the following. 8Marks
i. Circum-radius
ii. In-radius
iii. Escribed radius opposite of the vertex X of the triangle

In the given diagram, 𝐴𝐵 = 23𝑐𝑚, ∠𝐴𝐵𝐷 = 600 and ∠𝐵𝐶𝐷 = 340 . 8 Marks
Calculate
i. The length of 𝐶𝐷
ii. The length of 𝐴𝐷
iii. The angle A
iv. The area of triangle ABD

2015
𝑏 2 +𝑐 2 −𝑎2 8Marks
Consider the given triangle ABC, with the help of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = .
2𝑏𝑐
 𝛼 (𝑠−𝑏)(𝑠−𝑐)
Prove that sin = √ where 2𝑠 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐
2 𝑏𝑐

For the given triangle ABC, find the following: 8 Marks

i. Area ii. In-radius iii. Circum-radius
iv. Escribed radius opposite to the vertex A of the triangle

2014
A flag casts a shadow of 30m. The angle of elevation of the sun at the moment is 250 30′. Illustrate the situation 3Marks
and find the height of the flag post.
𝛼 (𝑠−𝑏)(𝑠−𝑐) 𝑎+𝑏+𝑐 5 Marks
Prove that sin 2 = √ 𝑐
where 𝑠 = 2

Solve the triangle ABC if 𝑎 = 70𝑐𝑚, 𝛽 = 37 30′ and 𝛾 = 530 45′

0
4 Marks
The lengths of the sides of triangle XYZ are 3cm, 4cm and 6cm. If O is the centre of the circle circumscribing 4 Marks
the triangle, then find the distance between O and X.

2013
𝑠
Show that (𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐶) can be written in the form of 𝑅. 6Marks
[Note: s and R have their usual meanings]
Write Heron’s formula and state under what condition this formula is used. 2 Marks
0 0
Solve the triangle 𝑃𝑄𝑅 if 𝑚∠𝑃𝑄𝑅 = 85 , 𝑚∠𝑄 = 30 and 𝑚𝑃𝑅 = 8√2 cm. 5 Marks
Find the area of the given triangular region as shown in the diagram. 3 Marks

2012
Two boys are on the opposite sides of a 50m high tree and angles of elevation of the top of the tree are 260 5 Marks
and 320 , draw a diagram and find the distance between the two.
Find the value of a for the ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 if 𝛽 = 450 , 𝛾 = 250 and 𝑐 = 2√2𝑐𝑚 3 Marks
If the measures of the sides of a ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶 are 6cm, 6cm and 8cm, then find the circum-radius (R) and in-radius 6 Marks
(r) of a circle associated to the ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶.
𝛼 𝛼 𝑎+𝑏+𝑐 2 Marks
Write the formula of sin 2 and cos 2 in terms of 𝑠 = 2
, where a, b, c are the measures of the sides of a
triangle.
2011
The lengths of the sides of triangle XYZ are 3cm, 4cm and 6cm. If O is the centre of the circle circumscribing 4 Marks
the triangle, then find the distance between O and X.

The lengths of the sides of a triangle are a, b and c. If R and r are the radii of circum-circle and in-circle of the 4 Marks
𝑠−𝑎 𝑠−𝑏 𝑠−𝑐 𝑟
triangle respectively, then prove that ( )( )( )=
𝑎 𝑏 𝑐 4𝑅
In the given figure the distance between towns A and C greater than towns A and B. Find the distance between 6 Marks
towns A and C.

Find the area of the triangle shown in the given figure. 2 marks

2010
For the triangle ABC, find 𝑚∠𝐵 m𝐴𝐶. [Note: Use value of trigonometric ratio upto two places of decimal] 4 Marks
Find the smallest angle in the following triangle ABC. [Note: Use value of trigonometric ratio up to two places 4 Marks
of decimal]
Find the area of the triangle ABC. Also find radii of the inscribed and circumscribed circles of the triangle. 8 Marks
2009
A building is under construction and the angle of elevation of the top is 450 from a distance of 70m from its 7 Marks
base. If the building is raised 12 meters more, what will be the angle of depression from the top of the building
to the same point is 70 meters from its base?
(Note: sketch the diagram)
Solve the triangle ∆𝐷𝐸𝐹 as shown in the figure. 4 Marks

Find the area of the triangle region as shown in the figure. 3 Marks
 September, 2014
Find the angles 𝛼, 𝛽 and 𝛾 for the given triangle. Also find the area of the given triangle. The answer should be 8 Marks
correct to two decimal places.

𝛼+𝛽
𝑎 𝑏 𝑎+𝑏 tan(
2
) 6 Marks
Using = , prove that = 𝛼−𝛽
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 𝑎−𝑏 tan( )
2

Find the area of the given triangle ABC, correct to one decimal place. 2 Marks

September, 2013
For the given triangle ABC find the largest and smallest angles. Also find the area of the triangle ABC. 6 Marks

𝛼 (𝑠−𝑏)(𝑠−𝑐) 𝛼 𝑠(𝑠−𝑎) 𝛼 (𝑠−𝑏)(𝑠−𝑐) 2 Marks

If sin 2 = √ 𝑏𝑐
and cos 2 = √ 𝑏𝑐
, then show that tan 2 = √ 𝑠(𝑠−𝑎)
𝑐 2 +𝑎2 −𝑏 2 2 Marks
If cos 𝛽 = 2𝑎𝑐
and 𝛽 = 900 , then show that the cosine law reduces to 𝑏2 − 𝑎 2 = 𝑐 2
If 𝑎 = 16 cm, 𝑏 = 8 cm and 𝑐 = 10 cm, then find the circum radius R and in radius r. 6 Marks
September, 2012
Define in-circle of a triangle. Also write down the formula of in-radius of a triangle. 2 Marks
The diagram shows the blocks of flats of equal height. From P and Q the angles of depression to a point T is 6 Marks
750 and 600 respectively. Given that the distance the two blocks PQ is 30 m, calculate the height of flats h.

𝑎 𝑎𝑏𝑐 2 Marks
If the circum-radius 𝑅 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼, then show that R is also equal to 4∆
Find the radius 𝑟3 of an escribed circle of the ∆𝑃𝑄𝑅 if 𝑝 = 𝑞 = 𝑟 6 Marks
 September, 2011
𝑏 2 +𝑐 2 −𝑎2 𝛼 𝑠(𝑠−𝑎) 8 Marks
Use 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = 2𝑏𝑐
to prove that cos 2 = √ 𝑏𝑐
The area of floor of a hall is 30√7 𝑚2. An interior decorator has designed triangular tiles for the floor, as 5 Marks
shown in the figure. Find the number of the tiles needed for the floor.

𝛼 𝛽 𝛾 ∆𝑠 3 Marks
If ∆ is the area of the given triangle, then prove that cos 2 cos 2 cos 2 = 𝑎𝑏𝑐

September, 2010
By using the given diagram, find the coordinates of point B, and prove that: 𝑎 2 = 𝑏2 + 𝑐 2 − 2𝑏𝑐 cos 𝛼 6 Marks

For a triangle whose sides measure as 𝑎 = 25, 𝑏 = 36 and 𝑐 = 45. Find the angle opposite to side a. 2 Marks
𝑏 2 +𝑐 2−𝑎2 𝛼 (𝑠−𝑏)(𝑠−𝑐) 6 Marks
Given that 2𝑠 = 𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐 and 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 = , prove that sin = √
2𝑏𝑐 2 𝑏𝑐
Find the area of triangle ABC 2 Marks

Inverse Trig Functions and Trig equations

2019
Find the general solution of cos 𝑥 − √3 sin 𝑥 = 0. 3 Marks
2018
Find the solution set of the trigonometric equation sin 2𝑥 = cos 𝑥 when 0 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2𝜋. 4 Marks
Find the solution set of the trigonometric equation 𝜃 tan2 𝜃 + 3𝜃 = 0, when 0 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2𝜋 3 Marks
2017
Solve 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − √3𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = 0 3 Marks
Find the value(s) of 𝑥 for the trigonometric equation cos 2𝑥 − sin2 𝑥 + 2 = 0 4 Marks
2016
2𝜋 4 Marks
Find the general solution of 6 cos2 𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 1 = 0, where 𝑥 lies in [ 3 , 2𝜋]
8 7 297
Without using calculator, prove that sin−1 17 + sin−1 25 = sin−1 425 3 Marks
2015
Find the general solution of the equation. 2 sin 𝑥 (sin 𝑥 + 2 cos 𝑥) + sin 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 (4 sin 𝑥 + 1) + 2 sin2 𝑥 5 Marks
2014
𝛼+𝛽 4 Marks
Prove that tan−1 𝛼 + tan−1 𝛽 = tan−1 1−𝛼𝛽

Find the value of 𝑥 which satisfy the equation sin 2𝑥 − sin 𝑥 = 0. [Note: Ignore periodic values] 3 Marks

2013
Find the general solution of the equation. 2 sin 𝑥 (sin 𝑥 + 2 cos 𝑥) + sin 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 (4 sin 𝑥 + 1) + 2 sin2 𝑥 5 Marks
2012
Solve the equation: 4 sin2 𝑥 − 3 = 0 7 Marks
2011
Find the solution of sin 4𝑥 = sin 2𝑥 7 Marks
2009
Solve the trigonometric equation 16 cos 𝑥 − 4 = 0, where 0 < 𝑥 < 900
2 3 Marks
Prove that: sin−1 𝑥 + sin−1 𝑦 = sin−1[𝑥√1 − 𝑦 2 + 𝑦√1 − 𝑥 2 ] 4 Marks
September, 2013
1 1 3 Marks
Given that sin 𝜃 − = − , find the possible values of 𝜃 for 00 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 3600
2 2
Prove that sin−1 𝑋 + sin −1
𝑌 = sin−1[𝑋√1 − 𝑌 2 + 𝑌√1 − 𝑋 2 ] 7 Marks
September, 2011
1−𝑥 1−𝑥 7 Marks
Prove that sin−1 (1+𝑥) = tan−1 ( 2√𝑥 )
September, 2010
Solve the trigonometric equation sin 𝑥 = cos 𝑥 4 Marks
Solve sin 2𝑥 = 1 3 Marks