A.

READINGS/DISCUSSIONS

TYPES OF FABRIC
Do you know that fabric is cloth made by weaving, knitting, or felting fibers? We use fabric most often to make
clothing, from
basic coverings to high performance sportswear. Clothing is very important in our daily life, it is use to cover
our body for protection, safety, sanitation, modesty, identification, uniforms, styles and color decoration. Fabric
covers furniture, too. Each of us would like to be complimented of being presentable, fresh and clean not just in
physical aspect but also the atmosphere at home that we would like to create. In order to do so, we must
choose fabrics that suits to each uses. Below are the types of fabric with their characteristics and its uses.

1. Woven fabric does not stretch except on the bias. Woven fabric is made up of fibers which run straight
at ninety-degree angles to each other.
2. Knit fabric has loops of fiber that allow the fabric to stretch. The amount and the direction of stretches
are all variables. A knit may stretch in one direction or it may stretch in both directions. This is an important
consideration when choosing fabric for a specific pattern. For example; A bathing suit pattern will require equal
two way stretch. If you choose a fabric that only stretches in one direction, the suit is not going to fit properly
and you can even get it on.

KINDS OF FABRICS ❖
Vegetable Fiber
A. Cotton
Characteristics: The world's most popular fabric. It is
cool to wear, easy to wash and to sew. It is versatile,
durable and comfortable. Inexpensive but shrinks and
wrinkles easily.
Uses: Good for items that need to be washed often like
sheets and pillows, school clothes, and work clothes.
Proper Care: Special for durable press Maybe machine
laundered.
Avoid risk of mildew
Kinds of Cotton Fabric:
 Canvas - used for crafts, Cotton Batiste - For
home decorating (curtains elegant garments
cushions and outdoor (blouses, baby
gear). Tightly woven dresses, and
heavy-duty cotton. underlining). Finely
woven lightweight
cotton
Cotton chintz - 100
Broadcloth - fantastic percent cotton that
closely woven cotton that has special l fabric
has slight rib. treatment that leaves
it shiny and smooth. It
is ideal for home
decorations such as
curtains and cushion.
Cotton pique - medium
weight cotton fabric that
has raised nubby surface.

Cotton shirting - lightweight 100-percent cotton that makes fantastic menswear shirts, pajamas and boxers.
Cotton voile - crisp Denim – It is one of
lightweight cotton that’s the most heavy-duty
used for garments. cottons. Great for
work clothes, jeans
and jackets.

Seer sucker - this fall into Terrycloth – it is a

the category of cotton thick, absorbent
crinkles, which have cotton used for robes,
surface texture. towels, beachwear
and home decorating.

Velveteen - either a 100-

percent cotton or cotton
blend, velveteen has a
duller and slightly stiffer
look than velvet.
B. Linen
Characteristics: Very strong, cool to wear, and usually more
expensive than cotton. It is easily wrinkled unless a special finish
is applied. This is known as the oldest fiber and used by the
Egyptians thousand of years ago. It comes from the stem of a
very pretty plant called flax.
Uses: Women’s and children’s dresses and blouses; summer
dress; table linens and other household fabrics.
Proper Care: Iron at high temperature. Avoid pressing in sharp
creases.
Avoid risk of mildew
 Animal Fiber
Characteristics: It is collected from the cocoon of silk worm. This
is a strong and luxurious fabric which is moderately resilient and
resists wrinkling. It is more expensive than manmade (filament)
silky yarns.
Uses: For high-end clothing and accessories, some expensive
upholstery and drapery fabrics.
Proper Care: Dry cleaning is preferred. Maybe hand wash in mild
suds. Avoid over exposure to light. Can be attacked by insects.
Kinds of Silk Fabric:
China silk - a very Brocade - textured silk with
lightweight silk which is some stiffness.
used almost exclusively
for lining.

Chiffon - lightweight, Charmeuse - a slinky, satiny,

very drapery silk. This supple silk that works well as
is the fabric that goes a 1940s redux dressing
with the flow and can gown, dresses and blouses
be used in all sorts of
garments.

Crepe de Chine - a light Dupioni - a stiffer and

to medium weight silk, crisper silk that has telltale
comes in two-ply, three slubs and raised yarn on the
ply, and four ply fabric , easy-to-sew silk that
weights which is the adds a lot of fashion flair. It
heaviest. is used for making Capri
pants or a fancy room
divider.
Georgette - lightweight Raw silk - rough-looking silk
silk and barely visible with a dull finish; made from
short silk filaments that are
discarded as waste but easy
to sew and has a distinctive
look.
Washed silk - the Shantung - especially
washing process makes crisp and shiny silk for
this silk creamy and soft. special occasion uses.
It is a great travel fabric.
Taffeta - a crisp silk that
wrinkles and swishes
when you move which is
used for special
occasion.
A. Wool
 Characteristics: It is made from the sleets of sheep
which is an outerwear medium-weight clothing that
springs back into shape. It requires little pressing with
great versatility in fabric and with insulating capacity.
Uses: Perfect for tailoring blankets and upholstery
Proper Care: Dry cleaning is preferred; will shrink and
felt in presence of moisture and heat and can be
attacked by insects.

Kinds of Wool Fabric:

Boiled - made in similar Boucle - has a distinctive
fashion as felt, but much sweaterlike nubby surface
richer and more supple. created with little loops.
There’s no need to finish Perfect for soft shaping in
the seam edges. It is coats and jackets
commonly used for
blankets and jackets.
Challis - Medium to Crepe - can be compose of
lightweight. It is hand wool, silk, cotton, or
washable and doesn’t synthetic. It varies in quality
wrinkle much. Perfect for and it is expensive. It is a
all types of garments. beautiful fabric that drapes
well and is extremely
wearable.
Gabardine - a twill- Melton – thick, bulky wool
weave fabric, hand with a soft napped surface
washable and do not and too thick to handle used
wrinkle; works well on for coats.
tailored and constructed
garments.
Merino – a very fine, Worsted - lustrous wool in a
expensive, closely- variety of weights used for
woven wool made from tailoring jackets, skirts and
Merino sheep’s coats. pants.

❖ Synthetic/Manmade Fiber
A. Rayon Characteristics: soft, cheap and comfortable fabric
absorbent; lacks resilience; wrinkles easily. Not easy to
sew as plain cottons. Uses: Light and medium-weight
clothing; drapery and upholstery fabrics; blankets,
throw rugs and table
Proper Care: Hand washing to dry cleaning. Tends to
shrink and stretch unless proper chemical finish is
applied.

B. Polyester Characteristics: Strong and durable synthetic fabric;

dries quickly, with sharp pleat and crease retention.
Uses: strong and durable synthetic fabric; dries quickly,
 with sharp pleat and crease retention.
Proper Care: Can be washable or dry clean. Remove
oily stains before washing. Needs little ironing or
pressing. Use steam iron at warm setting.

C. Nylon Characteristics: It was first developed as a substitute

for imported silk. With exceptional strength, excellent
elasticity; retains shape. Woven fabrics feel
uncomfortable in contact with skin.
Uses: Women's stockings were the first commercial
use of nylon. Also used for clothing, upholstery and
carpet, rope, tents and fishing line.
Proper Care: Remove oily stains before washing.
Washes easily; wash with care to maintain whiteness.
Press at low temperatures. Dry clean only.

D. Characteristics: Stretch and recovery rate is high.

Rubber Damaged by oils and light with discoloration
Uses: Foundation garments for swimwear
Proper Care: Frequent washing in mild suds; avoid
constant overstretch at high temperature

D. Characteristics: Stretch and recovery rate is high.

Spandex Resists abrasion and body oils with discoloration.
Uses: Foundation garments; swimwear, surgical hose,
ski pants and other sportswear
Proper Care: May be machine laundered with warm
water. Dry on lowest heat, shortest cycle.

F. Characteristics: Resists wrinkling; high bulking power;

Acrylic wool-like texture; very resistant to effects of sunlight
Uses: Tailored outerwear; knitted wear, pile fabrics,
blankets and carpets
Proper Care: Remove oily stains before washing;
washable or dry cleanable; medium iron temperature.

B.EXERCISES
Exercise 1

A. IDENTIFICATION
Directions. Inside the box are the specific clothes, linen and fabric. Provide each box of the appropriate fiber or
fabric that can be used. Put your answer on the space provided.
Example: Table Runner
Curtains
Rayon
3. Linen ___________________________
__________________________

1. Under wear Blouse/Polo

4.
________________________
___________________________
_______________________
__________________________

Bed cover Pants

2. 5.
_________________________ ___________________________
________________________ __________________________

C.ASSESSMENT/APPLICATION/OUTPUT
Directions. Read the statement carefully and write the letter that best describes the statement. Put your answer
on the space provided.
1. Which of the following Types of Linen the most heavy-duty cottons. Great for work clothes, jeans and
jackets.
A. Denim B. Acetate C. Silk D. Satin
2. It is tightly woven heavy-duty cotton used for crafts and home decorating.
A. Cotton pique B. Chiffon C. Wool D. Canvas
3. It is thick, absorbent cotton used for robes, towels, beachwear and home decorating.
A. Chintz B. Corduroy C. Terrycloth D. Linen
4. It is a natural fiber that comes from the seedpod of the cotton plant.
A. Rayon B. Polyester C. Acrylic D. Cotton
5. The washing process makes this silk creamy and soft. It is a great travel fabric.
A. Chintz B. Washed Silk C. Rayon D. Cotton
6. It was first developed as a substitute for imported silk with exceptional strength and excellent elasticity
A. Polyester B. Wool C. Silk D. Nylon
7. It is the foundation garments for swimwear which is highly stretchable and recovery rate is high.
A. Rubber B. Acetate C. Polyester D. Denim
8. It is lightweight 100-percent cotton that makes fantastic menswear shirts, pajamas and boxers.
A. Broadcloth B. Chintz C. Cotton Shirting D. pique
9. It is collected from the cocoon of silk worm. This is a strong and luxurious fabric which is moderately resilient
and resists wrinkling.
A. Linen B. Flannel C. Silk D. Satin
10.Which type of wool that has a distinctive sweater-like nubby surface created with little loops. Perfect for soft
shaping in coats and jackets
A. Challis B. Boucle C. Crepe D. Melton

E. SUGGESTED ENRICHMENT/REINFORCEMENT ACTIVITY

Use short bond paper for your album.
Directions: Collect and cut out your fabrics then create swatches. Paste it on the box and label it.
Make an album for the Types of Linen then submit it to your teacher. This will be evaluated by your
teacher through the use of the given rubric.

Fabric: ______________________________________ Fabric:

___________________________________________
Uses: _______________________________________ Uses:
____________________________________________

Fabric: ______________________________________ Fabric:

__________________________________________
Uses: _______________________________________ Uses:
___________________________________________

Fabric: ______________________________________ Fabric:

___________________________________________
Uses: _______________________________________ Uses:
____________________________________________

SCORING RUBRIC

Points (Rating ) Criteria Score

Performance output is correct. The choice of fabric

 (Excellent) 95-100 materials is suited to its uses. The workmanship
shows clear evidence of accepted appearance as
evaluated.
(Very good) 90-95 Performance output is correct but leaves some
minor details of the expected perfect appearance.

(Satisfactory) 80-90 Performance output lacks particular attention on

the choice of materials suited to the project and its
uses.
(Fair) 75-80 Performance output lacks manifestation of
attention and effort of producing acceptable
appearance of product and services in terms of
workmanship in the application of art , rhythm and
proportion of shape are observed and organization
of the task.
(Poor) 74 - below Performance output is incorrect, but shows
evidence of effort to perform the activity, the
students had not attended or had skipped several
steps in the procedure
(Very Poor) 0 Performance output shows an evidence of no
understanding that the students simply comply
with the requirement. No output was submitted to
satisfy the course requirement.
Score

Prepared by:

EDITHA S. RONOLO
Master Teacher 1

Reviewed by:

EMELIANO B. BUSTAMANTE
Asst. Principal II