WHICH BONDING?

IONIC COVALENT METALLIC

Electrostatic force of attraction Electrostatic force of attraction

Electrostatic force of attraction between a shared pair of electrons between positively charged metal
Description
between oppositely charged ions and the nuclei of the bonding ions and negatively charged
atoms delocalised electrons

Strength Strong Strong Strong

Elements Metal and non-metal Non-metal and non-metal Atoms of the same metal

Electrons Transferred Shared Delocalised

Dot and cross

diagram

Ions ✓ (+ve and -ve) ✗ ✓ (+ve)

Intermolecular ✓ Simple molecules and graphite

✗ ✗
forces ✗ Giant covalent

Low - Simple molecules

MP/BP High High
High - Giant covalent

✓ Sometimes simple molecules ✗

Soluble in water ✓ Most
✗ Giant covalent (Some are very reactive with water)

✗ Solid
Electrical ✗
✓ Molten ✓
conductivity (Except graphite)
✓ Aqueous

© Mr Hutton Science