1.

1 INTRODUCTION - BRIEF HISTORY OF THE ORGANIZATION AND CURRENT BOARD OF DIRECTORS

IBM is, perhaps the best known computer company in the world. It begin as the computing ,
tabulating and recording company [C-T-R] founded by HERMAN HOLLERITH in the last 1800s.their
first large contract was to provide tabulating equipment for the tabulating and analysis of the 1890
US hences. The company grew quickly and in the, early 1920s the name was changed to IBM. IBM
was the world trader in providing computer systems for both business and scientific applications.
When in 1964, they revolutionized the industry by bringing out the first comprehensive family of
computers it caused many of the competitors to either merge or go bankrupt leaving IBM in an
even more dominant position. The advent of smaller computers, and IBM’s failure to compete
effectively their field initially, caused some financial problems but IBM remains a major force in the
industry.

IBM BOARD OF DIRECTORS

The IBM Board is composed of diverse group of members, a leaders in their respective fields , all of
the current directors have leadership experience at major domestic and international organizations
with operations inside and outside the United States , at academic or research institutions or in
government.

ABOUT THE BOARD

IBM.s Board of Directors is responsible for supervision of overall affair of IBM. Annual meeting in
2020 the Board will consist of 14 directors. In between annual meeting the Board has the authority
under the by-laws to increase or decrease the size of the Board and fill vacancies.

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MEMBERS OF THE BOARD

Arvind Krishna, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

James M. Whitehurst, President
Simon J. Beaumont, Vice President, Tax and Treasurer
Howard Boville, Senior Vice President, IBM Cloud
Michelle H. Browdy, Senior Vice President, Legal and Regulatory Affairs, and General Counsel
Gary Cohn, Vice Chairman of IBM
Robert F. Del Bene, Vice President and Controller
Mark Foster, Senior Vice President, IBM Services
Dr. Darío Gil, Senior Vice President and Director of IBM Research
John Granger, Senior Vice President, Cloud Application Innovation and COO, Global Business
Services
James J. Kavanaugh, Chief Financial Officer and Senior Vice President, Finance and Operations
Nickle J. LaMoreaux, Senior Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer
Robert W. Lord, Senior Vice President, Cognitive Applications
Obed Louissaint, Senior Vice President, Transformation and Culture
Tom Rosamilia, Senior Vice President, Systems
Frank Sedlarcik, Vice President, Assistant General Counsel and Secretary
Carla Piñeyro Sublett, Senior Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer
Rob Thomas, Senior Vice President, Cloud and Data Platform
Bridget A. van Kralingen, Senior Vice President, Global Markets
Juan A. Zufiria Zatarain, Senior Vice President, Global Technology Services

LOCATION AND OFFICES

IBM is headquartered in Armonk, New York, a community 37 miles (60 km) north of Midtown
Manhattan. A nickname for the company is the "Colossus of Armonk". Its principal building,
referred to as CHQ, is a 283,000-square-foot (26,300 m2) glass and stone edifice on a 25-acre
(10 ha) parcel amid a 432-acre former apple orchard the company purchased in the mid-
1950s. There are two other IBM buildings within walking distance of CHQ: the North Castle office,
which previously served as IBM's headquarters; and the Louis V. Gerstner, Jr., Center for

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Learning (formerly known as IBM Learning Center (ILC)), a resort hotel and training center, which
has 182 guest rooms, 31 meeting rooms, and various amenities.

IBM operates in 174 countries as of 2016, with mobility centers in smaller markets areas and major
campuses in the larger ones. In New York City, IBM has several offices besides CHQ, including
the IBM Watson headquarters at Astor Place in Manhattan. Outside of New York, major campuses
in the United States include Austin, Texas; Research Triangle Park (Raleigh-Durham), North
Carolina; Rochester, Minnesota; and Silicon Valley, California.

IBM's real estate holdings are varied and globally diverse. Towers occupied by IBM include 1250
René-Lévesque (Montreal, Canada) and One Atlantic Center (Atlanta, Georgia, USA). In Beijing,
China, IBM occupies Pangu Plaza, the city's seventh tallest building and overlooking Beijing National
Stadium ("Bird's Nest"), home to the 2008 Summer Olympics.

IBM India Private Limited is the Indian subsidiary of IBM, which is headquartered
at Bengaluru, Karnataka. It has facilities in Bengaluru, Ahmedabad, Delhi, Kolkata, Mumbai,
Chennai, Pune, Gurugram, Noida, Bhubaneshwar, Surat, Coimbatore, Visakhapatnam and Hyderaba
d.

Other notable buildings include the IBM Rome Software Lab (Rome, Italy), Hursley
House (Winchester, UK), 330 North Wabash (Chicago, Illinois, United States), the Cambridge
Scientific Center (Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States), the IBM Toronto Software
Lab (Toronto, Canada), the IBM Building, Johannesburg (Johannesburg, South Africa), the IBM
Building (Seattle) (Seattle, Washington, United States), the IBM Hakozaki Facility (Tokyo, Japan),
the IBM Yamato Facility (Yamato, Japan), the IBM Canada Head Office Building (Ontario, Canada)
and the Watson IoT Headquarters[85] (Munich, Germany). Defunct IBM campuses include the IBM
Somers Office Complex (Somers, New York) and Tour Descartes (Paris, France). The company's
contributions to industrial architecture and design include works by Marcel Breuer, Eero
Saarinen, Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and I.M. Pei. Van der Rohe's building in Chicago was
recognized with the 1990 Honor Award from the National Building Museum.[86]

IBM was recognized as one of the Top 20 Best Workplaces for Commuters by the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) in 2005, which recognized Fortune 500 companies that
provided employees with excellent commuter benefits to help reduce traffic and air pollution. In
2004, concerns were raised related to IBM's contribution in its early days to pollution in its original
location in Endicott, New York.

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 1.2 MISSION/VISION STATEMENT AND QUALITY CERTIFICATION ATTAINED

International business machines corporation (IBM) has a mission statement and vision statement
strongly associated with the organization and its brand. Its aim at leadership in the global
information technology industry and markets for related products. A company’s corporate vision
statements sets the desired future state of the business, to guide strategic management and
direction.

A companies corporate mission statement determines the type of actions that define the business,
And guides the development of strategies and tactics. IBM’s Mission statement emphasizes
operations in the information technology market, inclusive of computing technologies and related
services. The porters fire forces analysis off IBM shows that competition is strong, involving firms
Like Google, Amazon.com coma Intel and Microsoft. IBM you said it’s corporate vision and mission
statement in developing competitive advantages against such firms in the industry.

The following are the main components of IBM’s Mission statement:

1. Leadership in creating, developing and manufacturing, the most advanced information

Technologies.
2. Worldwide network that translates advanced technologies into business value for customers.
3. Professional solutions, services and consulting businesses worldwide.

IBM’s corporate vision is “to be the world's most successful an important information technology
company. successful in introducing this extraordinary technology too new customers, because we
will continue to be the basic resource of much of what is invested in this industry”

The following are the main components of IBM's vision statements:

1. World’s most successful and important information technology company

2. Helping customers apply technology to solve these problems
3. introducing extraordinary technology to new customers
4. continue to be the basic resource of much of what is invested in the industry

1.3 BUSINESS PROCESS OF THE ORGANIZATION PRODUCTS PROFILE

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 IBM business process manages is a comprehensive Business process management (BPM) Platform
giving you visibility and insight to manage business process.

IBM business process manage enables the development of process that spam People, system,
applications, tasks, rules, and the introduction among others. it supports both being running and
short running business Process, providing transaction roll book, life functionality for loosely
coupled business processes.

Then able process monitoring through IBM business monitor option(available )on the process Apps
setting page of IBM process designs determines whether process application IBM businesses
monitor for process monitoring.

 On the process center server, this option is used in conjunction with the file update tracking
definitions messes item. To generate a monitor mode that matches the tracking definitions in the
current version of the process.
 On a process server, this option is used to automatically generate a monitor model that includes
the tracking definitions in the snapshot where that snapshot is installed.

In both cases the generated monitor model is displayed and started automatically so that processes
are monitored as soon as they start or are played back.

1.4 CUSTOMERS OF THE ORGANIZATION LEVEL OF OPERATIONS GLOBAL ,NATIONAL , REGIONAL

OVERVIEW

Today’s business operations are misguided because of misalignment Between overall business
strategy and operational strategy. A poorly defined operating model can add complexity and
confusion about such elements as what to lost, Quality, service level, innovation and more. your
organization needs to address ongoing operational Avoid changes that are optimized for narrow
objectives. Successful operations require examining processes, organisations, it and other elements
holistically For both performance and alignment instead of concentrating on related area.

1.5 COMPETITORS OF THE COMPANY

International business machines (IBM) is an IT software, and service company that was born in
1911 after integrating four manufacturers Off calculating machines factory watches and butcher
sale

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 Currently IBM makes money from the sale of IT services, softwares, consulting and project
financing. All of these offered through integrated solutions and platforms with 350, 600 Employees
in 2018 it reached 79.6 billion revenues through its five business segments cognitive solutions,
global business services, technology services and cloud platforms system.

Name : International business machines (IBM)

Founded : 1911

Headquarters : ARMONK, NEW YORK, UNITED STATES

SLC code : 3571

Status : Public independent company of NYSE

Industry sector : Computer integrated systems

Employees : 350, 600

Trading symbol : NASDA ag

IBM competitors includes Accenture, TCS, cognizant, wipro, HCL, capgemini, infosys, DXC
Technology, NEF Data and HP

COMPETITORS

1. Technology and consulting services

 Accenture
 JCS
 Congnizant
 WIPRO
 HCL
 Copgemini
 DXC Technology
 NEF Data
 Hewhetts packed enterprise

1.6 STRATEGIES -BUSINESS, PRICING, MANAGEMENT

BUSINESS STRATEGIES

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IBM's global strategy is based on three pillars: cloud, data and engagement. Closely watched by the
global investment community, the IT sector, and IBM's 431,000 employees, IBM's strategy has its
fans and detractors – but each of the three pillars says something about global growth and
competition in the 21st century.

PRICING STRATEGIES

This aspect of the marketing mix specifies IBM's approach to setting prices. Price ranges and pricing
strategies are significant in determining the company's profit margins and product attractiveness.
IBM has the following pricing strategies for its information technology products: Market-oriented
pricing strategy.

MANAGEMENT STRATEGIES

At IBM, strategic choices of top executives are focused on global expansion and
increased outsourcing, while focusing on business operations that have the highest profitability. In
global expansion, the company aims to penetrate developing markets.

It uses user benefit based positioning strategy to position itself as a company which creates value
for its stakeholders across the value delivery system.

Mission - “Constantly delivering high value to the customers”

Vision - “The premier global conference for finance, risk management and sales compensation
professionals. ”

IBM operates in more than 180 countries with a team of client relationship professionals,
consultants, product specialists and fulfilment teams which are helping the company to not only
build a long lasting business relationship but also enabled them in sustainable business growth and
innovation .

RESEARCH

Research has been a part of IBM since its founding, and its organized efforts trace their roots back
to 1945, when the Watson Scientific Computing Laboratory was founded, converting a renovated
fraternity house on Manhattan's West Side into IBM's first laboratory. Now, IBM

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Research constitutes the largest industrial research organization in the world, with 12 labs on 6
continents. include the Almaden lab in California, Austin lab in Texas, Australia
lab in Melbourne, Brazil lab in São Paulo and Rio de Janeiro, China lab in Beijing and Shanghai,
Ireland lab in Dublin, Haifa lab in Israel, India lab in Delhi and Bangalore, Tokyo lab, Zurichlab and
Africa lab in Nairobi.

In terms of investment, IBM's R&D expenditure totals several billion dollars each year. In 2012, that
expenditure was approximately US$6.9 billion. Recent allocations have included $1 billion to create
a business unit for Watson in 2014, and $3 billion to create a next-gen semiconductor along with
$4 billion towards growing the company's "strategic imperatives" (cloud, analytics, mobile, security,
social) in 2015.

IBM has been a leading proponent of the Open Source Initiative, and began supporting Linux in
1998. The company invests billions of dollars in services and software based on Linux through the
IBM Linux Technology Center, which includes over 300 Linux kernel developers. IBM has also
released code under different open source licenses, such as the platform-independent software
framework Eclipse (worth approximately US$40 million at the time of the donation), the three-
sentence International Components for Unicode (ICU) license, and the Java-based relational
database management system (RDBMS) Apache Derby. IBM's open source involvement has not
been trouble-free, however (see SCO v. IBM).

Famous inventions and developments by IBM include: the Automated teller machine
(ATM), Dynamic random access memory (DRAM), the electronic keypunch, the financial swap,
the floppy disk, the hard disk drive, the magnetic stripe card, the relational database, RISC,
the SABRE airline reservation system, SQL, the Universal Product Code (UPC) bar code, and
the virtual machine. Additionally, in 1990 company scientists used a scanning tunneling
microscope to arrange 35 individual xenon atoms to spell out the company acronym, marking the
first structure assembled one atom at a time. A major part of IBM research is the generation
of patents. Since its first patent for a traffic signaling device, IBM has been one of the world's most
prolific patent sources. As of 2020, the company holds the record for most patents generated by a
business, marking 28 consecutive years for the achievement.

Five IBMers have received the Nobel Prize: Leo Esaki, of the Thomas J. Watson Research Center in
Yorktown Heights, N.Y., in 1973, for work in semiconductors; Gerd Binnig and Heinrich Rohrer, of
the Zurich Research Center, in 1986, for the scanning tunneling microscope; and Georg

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 Bednorz and Alex Müller, also of Zurich, in 1987, for research in superconductivity. Several IBMers
have also won the Turing Award, including the first female recipient Frances E. Allen. Current
research includes a collaboration with the University of Michigan to see computers act as an
academic advisor for undergraduate computer science and engineering students at the
university, and a partnership with AT&T, combining their cloud and Internet of Things (IoT)
platforms to make them interoperable and to provide developers with easier tools.

The company is also involved in research into advanced algorithms and machine learning and their
decision-making processes. To that end, the company recently released an analysis tool for how
and why algorithms make decisions while scanning for biases in automated decision-making.

1.7 IBM CSR ACTIVITIES

IBM operates in more than 170 countries. There are approximately 400000 employees dollar 95.8
billion is revenue in 2009

IBM 2013 CORPORATE RESPONSIBILITY REPORT

 Communities
 Employees
 Environment
 Governance and Public policy

Communities

 Education SYSTEM
Science, technology, engineering and math’s
 Entrepreneurial support

Employees

IBM continue to invest in workforce

 Skill training
 Health programs
 Supporting employees volunteers

Environment

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 Energy conversion

2009 savings as percentage of total energy use its goal Is to achieve annual energy conversion
serving equal to 3.5 percent of IBM’s total energy use.

3.5% - Goal

5.4% - performance

Governance and public policy

In 2009 priorities user:

 Global economic integration

 Global workforce flexibility
 Finance, energy and environmental priorities
 Government relations and market support

1.8 EXPORT / IMPORT

The components used for Service Component Architecture (SCA) module to module and SCA
module to external service invocation are called imports and exports.

Imports and exports are represented from the point of view of the module.

A module exports its capability when it provides the ability for an external service or module to
invoke an operation on a defined interface. Using exports, a module can be made available over a
number of different transport protocols. The module imports a function to use the ability of
another entity (external service or module). Using imports, a module can interact with service
providers across a variety of transport protocols.

Figure 1 shows an import and export within an SCA module.

Figure 1. SCA module

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 Imports and exports also have the ability to interact with service providers across a variety of
protocols and Application Programming Interfaces (APIs), such as:
 SCA (used for SCA module to module)
 Web service
 JMS
 MQ
 HTTP
 Enterprise JavaBeans
.

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 Figure 2. Module to module communication using imports and exports

Figure 2 shows how module to module communication can be achieved using imports and exports.
The StockQuote service exposes its implementation using an export. The PortfolioManager module
invokes the StockQuote implementation using an import

When imports and exports are bound to protocols such as JMS, Enterprise JavaBeans, or web
services, the specific clients can invoke an SCA module, or an SCA module can invoke an existing
Enterprise JavaBeans, JMS messaging engine or web service using the SCA programming model.

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 Figure 3. Module using different protocols to communicate

Import and export bindings must be configured to control invocations, and to control how data is
handled across SCA module bindings. These are the common configuration options available across
bindings:

 Function selectors
 Data handlers
 Fault selector
 Fault handler
 Context propagation
 Exception handling

Function selector
The function selector determines which operation defined on the associated interface is invoked.
Data handler

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Data handlers are reusable transformation logic in IBM Workflow Server, which can be used by
exports and imports. Data handlers can transform native formats into business data and from
business data into native formats required by external services.
Fault handling
The fault selector determines whether the response message is a normal response, a business or
runtime fault that is received by an import. A fault handler processes fault data and transforms it
into the correct format to be sent by the export or import binding.
Context propagation
Context propagation allows information associated with an invocation to be carried throughout a
request or response.
Exception handling
Within an import or export, unexpected situations cause exceptions to be raised. The way in which
the binding is configured determines how exceptions, raised by data handlers or data bindings, are
handled.
Retry configuration
SCA uses a service integration bus to transport messages between components, imports, and
exports. These destinations are created by installation tasks when a module is installed to a IBM
Workflow Server server. If the target service component returns a system error, the service
integration bus automatically resubmits the message until a threshold on the module destination is
reached (the default retry threshold is 4).
1.9 COLLABORATIONS AND EXPANSION PLANS

IBM Workplace collaborations services help improve business communication and Reduce
complexity with cloud delivered collaborations services.

MICROSOFT BASED SOLUTIONS

Microsoft based solution and flexible SAAS Based delivery options using either Cloud or as Premier
models

ENHANCED PORTAL ADMINISTRATION

Flexibility and security with an enhanced portal administration

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 SINGLE VIEW MANAGEMENT

Workplace collaboration services provides single view management of all data and videos.

IBM CLOUD ANNOUNCES MAJOR NEW GLOBAL EXPANSION

 IBM plans to Launch 18 new availability zones across North America, Europe and Asia. Cloud
capabilities with plans to launch 18 new availability zones across North America, Europe and Asia
Pasefic
 The company also revealed that Exxon mobile, Boucsh Lombo and westpac will be migrating their
central workloads to the IBM cloud.
 IBM 18 new availability zone will be located in high demand centers in Europe(Germany) Asia –
Pacific (Tokyo 2nd Sydney)and North America, Washington, DC and Dallas)
 Availability zones are isolated Instance of cloud located within A data center origin with
independent power, coding end networking to help Strengthen fault tolerance. Though IBM cloud
Already operates in 60 locations, the company will now have even more capacity and capability in
these key center
 IBM Customers will also be able to display multi zone Contains cluster across their availability zones
using IBM clouds services to simplify how they manage applications.
 IBM also announced that several New start will display cutting edge smart building Solutions. As
the IBM cloud using cloud technologies. the company has added contracts with RTV Versichering
and HDF How to help fuel smart building innovation in both communication, work and Home
environment.
1.10 SWOT ANALYSIS OF THE COMPANY

International business machines Corp(IBM)Engages in continuous effort to address concerns Shown

in the SWOT Analysis of the business. The SWOT analysis is a strategic tool to identify the strength,
Weakness, opportunities and threats. Most significant and relevant information deserved from this
SWOT analyze of IBM can guide investors in determining the attractiveness of the business in
relation to the conditions of the stock markets.

IBM’s STRENGTH (INTERNAL STRATAGIC FACTORS)

The internal strategic factors that support or promote business growth Are identified in their
element of the SWOT analysis of IBM .There factors are Strength that Continue to support the
company in its more than 100 years of business operations in the global information technology

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 industry IBM can achieve further growth and development by adding to or improving the following
business strength:

1. High value brand

2. Enterprise in production process and materials management
3. Enterprise intellectual property portfolio
4. High economic of scale

IBM’s WEAKNESS (INTERNAL STRATEGIC FACTORS)

In this element of the SWOT analysis the internal strategic factors that reduce or limit business
Performance are determined. These Factors are weakness that the company must overcome
through strategic. Interactive or interactive or informs in business operations and process. In the
content of the information technology market IBM must address the following weakness:

1. Limit able products

2. Shrinking product mix
3. Law degree of diversification

OPPORTUNITIES FOR IBM(EXTERNAL STRTAGIC FACTORS)

The external strategic factors that contribute to favorable conditions for business growth are
identified in their element of the SWOT analysis of IBM. These factors are opportunities linked to
change in the information technology industry and related markets, suggest the information of the
dominant technological strategic used in the market.

Following are the opportunities for the growth of IBM’s business:

1.Business diversification in various industries

2.Alliance with firms from different industries or market

3.Rapid innovations of new products

THREATS FACING IBM (EXTERNAL STRATEGIC FACTORS)

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 In this element of the SWOT analyzes the external strategic factor that decreases or restrict IBM's
growth are determined. These factors threaten the company in terms of potential failure in
strategy implementation. They also make it difficult for the business to revenues and profit in this
Information technology industry. IBM needs to implement measures protect its Business from the
following the external environment:

1. limitation of products
2. competition
3. cybercrime

The results of this SWOT analysis of international Business machines Corporation(IBM). Internal
and external strategies factors that in long term business Survival.

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1.11 ORGANISATIONAL CHART

2.1 BRIEF
HISTORY
OF THE
INDUSTRY

IBM in full

international business mission Corporation leading American computer manufacturers, with the
major share of the market both in the United States and abroad. Its headquarters are in Armork,
New York.

It was incorporated in 1911 as the Computing -Tabulating – Recording Company in a consolidation

of three smaller companies that made punch card tabulators and other office products. The
company assumed its present name in 1924 under the leadership of Thomson Walton a man of

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 considerable marketing skill who became general manager in 1914 and had gained complete
control of the firm by 1924.

In 1933 IBM purchased electronic typewriter, Inc add thereby entered the field of electric
typewriters in which it eventually become an industry leader. During World War Two IBM helped
construct several high speed Electro mechanical calculators that that bear the precursors of
electronic computers. But the firm refrained from producing these electronic data- processing
system until Watson son Thomson Watson Sir become president of the company in 1952 and
sponsored an all out push into the field.

IBM specialty was mainframe computers that are expensive medium to large scale computers that
could process numerical data at great speeds. This product achieved a major share of the market,
but IBM was nevertheless unable to exercise it’s accustomed as a market of personal computers.

2.2 BUSINESS PROCESS OF INDUSTRY

Business process management(BPM)

Business process management is the systematic method of examining your organizational existing
business processes and implementing improvements to make your work flow more effective and
more efficient. A business process is a set of business activities that one represents the required
steps to achieve a business objective.

 Process design and modeling

The design and modeling phase can in glow designing and modeling new process in IBM. Process
design to support the organization workflow and business goals, process design and modeling is
typically done by business analysts, process analysis or both.

Process development and testing After your business Processes are defined, designed and model
they must be implemented. The process development phase focus on adding the activities,
services, events uses interface, business objects and other artifacts needed for each process.

 Process deployement

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 After your processes have been implemented and tested, diploid them in during runtime
environment, where they can be used by your customer or employees

 Process improvements

You can monitor the overall system performance of business auto nation workflow and its process
application in the process inspector or the process admin console.

2.3 MARKET DEMAND AND SUPPLY -CONTRIBUTION TO GDP – REVENUE GENERATION

 Supply and demand analysis tool

The supply or demand analysis tool is acceded from the analysis tab of the scenario. The supply or
demand analysis function is a clear chart that is embedded directly within the scenario.

The supplied data is represented on a staked Bar graph where area is staked verifiably based on the
building. The demand data is represented on a client graph that overlay the bars. This graph shows
how the supply of space or area matches up against the demand of an organization.

 Contribution to GDP

IBM is among India’s most successful MNC’s. it is currently India’s second largest employee behind
DC store mill, group executives, Software and system, responsible for Big Blue’s $22 billion
software business and most of it's $ 40 billion Product business, to 101 About the success IBM has
had in India and why the anti outsourcing rhetoric from Washington will wane. He of course refuse
to give the issue politically, especially employee numbers, preferring to say that India is heading
toward becoming a 10,0000 employees Center for IBM.

In India Today the result of a number of things that are happening here an elsewhere in the world.
It has two sides to it. One said as the incredible export market around skills, talent, high bandwidth
communication that offering of capability that customers wants at a price point that India is able to
support the other side to IBM in India is not driven by the global consumption of the local skills but
rather by the Indian market itself. We have seen that conception of information technology much

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 faster in countries that have relatively fast growing GDP’s and a low percentage of IT as a
percentage of GDP.

 IBM revenue generation

International Business Machine Corporation(IBM) Sells a wide range of products including

information technology services, cloud and cognitive offering and EntEnterpri system and software.
It has operations in more than 175 countries and concepts with hundreds of companies ranging
from small business to large multinational corporations.

 IBM's financials

IBM posted net income of $ 9.4 billion on $77.1 billion of Revenue during fiscal year 2019, which
ended on December 31. nearly half (47%) Off that revenue originated in the American. About
32%came from Europe, The Middle East, and Africa and the remaining 21% originated in the Asian
pacific.

 IBM's business segments

IBM provides a breakdown of its revenue and pretax income from continuing operations for five
segments. Cognitive Software, Global Business Service, Global Technology Services and global
financing.

 Cloud and Cognitive Software

The cloud and cognitive software segment brings together IBMs software platforms and solutions
to deliver integrated an secure cloud, data and all solutions to clients. The segment includes all of
the companies software products except for operating system software reported in the system
segment.

 Global Business Service

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 The Global technology Segment provided consulting business process, add application
management services. the segment is aimed at helping client to build platform strategies transform
process and build hybrid open cloud infrastructure

 Global Technology Services

The global technology services segment offers comprehensive IT infrastructure and platform
services including a set of hybrid cloud services and solutions.

 Global Financing

The welfare and sing segment is engaged in financing remanufacturing and remarket influencing is
conducted through IBM credit, which provides financing to customers . Remanufacturing and
remarketing consist of the sale or loss of refurbished or upgraded equipment.

2.4 LEVEL AND TYPE OF COMPETITION - FIRMS OPERATING IN THE INDUSTRY

International business machines (IBM) is an IT Software and service company, that was born in
1911 after integrating for manufacturers of calculating machines factory watches and butcher
scales years later it was started producing huge computers with sound microprocessor which were
running in-house developed software after transforming its operating system to Microsoft and its
microprocessor to Intel in 1982 it remaining in the personal computers business until soon when it
was to the clines company Lenovo.

IBM Competitors include, Accenture Cognitive, Wipro ,HCL, ,Infosys ,DXC Technology , NTT DATA
and HP.

Technology and consulting services IBM's main source of revenue is the sale of technology
consulting and services which consists of creating customized solutions according to the needs of
each client . IT solutions aimed to strengthen automation of processes the ability to recover data
Improve network efficiency and move towards digital transformation.

 Financing

Another IBM businesses to offer Customized payment plan two companies that are facing
migration of their processes and seek to create smaller business model. IBM financial services and
products to optimize the basic systems of its customers through ITS global financing unit which
allows to improve cash flow accelerate project approval align cost with objectives and minimize
initial cash disbursements.

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 Training

Another source of revenue is training its learning platform which includes an extensive catalog of
digital courses on topics such as data , Al and Cloud By paying an annual subscription. The courses
are personalized and flexible.

Accenture

Accenture is an international company dedicated to the provision of professional consulting,

strategy, technology, digital transformation and outsourced operations. Based in Dublin, Ireland, it
emerged in 1989 from the firm Arthur Andersen, focusing especially on technology consulting and
services for large-scale processes. In 2001, it changed its name to the current one, and that same
year, the company went public on the NYSE.

With 459,000 employees, it operates in 200 cities of 51 countries from North America, Europe and
what it calls “growth markets”. In 2018, it reached net revenues of $ 39.573 billion, where more
than half was generated by its strategy, consulting and digital area. Its outsourcing services, where
it is the market leader, include technology and operations units. In this industry, it occupies the first
place in the Everest Group Ranking (2019), where IBM is the seventh.

Accenture’s goal is to help organizations prepare for the future, providing innovation, accelerating
growth and improving their efficiency. It operates from the heart of the business of its customers,
which belong to all types of industries such as communications, media, IT, capital markets,
insurance, public health, transportation, industries, chemicals and oil.

TCS

Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is an IT solutions and services consulting company, which was
founded in India in 1968 and is part of the Tata Group. With more than 420,000 employees, it is
one of the world’s leading technology companies. It is listed in its country on the BSE (ex Bombay
Stock Exchange) and on the NSE (National Stock Exchange). It has offices in 46 countries around the
world, and one of its proud is that its employee base is composed of 36% women. Also, it has been
recognized as a Global Top Employer by the Top Employers Institute.

The company works with clients from different industries that seek to meet business objectives,
lead technological transformations and enter the digital era from all its processes. It offers a

23
portfolio of integrated solutions, consulting services and outsourcing. Between March 2018 and
March 2019, it generated revenues of $ 20 billion. In the Everest Group Ranking, it is the second
company, behind Accenture.

TCS specializes in consulting, interactivity services, analytics, IOT, blockchain, cloud infrastructure,
automation, artificial intelligence and industrial engineering, among many other. Consulting and
integration services are its main source of income.

COGNIZANT

Cognizant Technology Solutions is a professional services company that helps different

organizations transform their technological models and adapt them to the digital era. The company
was founded in 1994 by Kumar Mahadeva and is registered in the United States, with headquarters
in New Jersey. In 2018, it reached revenues of $ 16.12 billion with its almost 281,600 employees in
North America, Europe, India and the rest of the world.

The company offers digital services and solutions, consulting, application development, system
integration, application testing, maintenance, infrastructure and business process services.
Everything it offers is adapted to the specific needs of each industry, and serves its customers from
local and global offices. Cognizant works for banking, capital markets, communications and media,
mass consumption, education, health, energy, transportation and retail industries, among others. It
offers cognitive, AI, digital engineering, interactivity, IOT and many others.

WIPRO

Wipro is a global-scale Indian company that offers IT services to other companies that seek
innovation and digital transformation. It was born in 1945 as an oil manufacturer and in the 1980s
entered the business of mini computers and IT at a local level, which was leveraged by software
design. Today, it employs 175,690 people, is listed on the NSE of India and on the New York Stock
Exchange. Its revenues reached $ 8.23 billion between March 2018 and March 2019.

The group is present in 50 countries and serves more 700 customers from its 21 distribution
centers. Its strategy puts digital in the first place to lead the modernization of its customers,
bringing connected intelligence, cloud services, cyber security and industrial engineering services.
The group obtains 44% of its income through the unit called Modern Application Services (MAS),

24
which aims to become a strategic partner of its customers, offering all kinds of platforms and
innovation software, including AI / Cognitive Systems, IoT, blockchain and open source. In the
Everest ranking, it is ranked fourth.

HCL

HCL was born in India in 1976 as a start up, which two years later pioneered the introduction of a
computer based on an 8-bit microprocessor, when only Apple was doing it worldwide. The
company grew, expanded to other areas and today is integrated by three companies: HCL
Infosystems, HCL Technologies and HCL Healthcare. In 2018-1019, the group generated revenues
of $ 845 million with its 137965 employees, operating in 44 countries, where the United States
generates 55% of its revenues

The company offers strategic applications, infrastructure, engineering, R&D and digital process
operations services. HCL Technologies seeks to help its customers accelerate the evolution to next-
generation services, including digitalization, analytics, cloud, IOT and automation. The company
was listed in the fifth place of the top IT outsourcing service providers of 2018 by the Everest Group
ranking.

CAPGEMINI

Capgemini is a company specialized in consulting, technology services and digital

transformation, which was created in France in 1967 by Serge Kamp. With more than 200,000
employees, it has operations in 40 countries and in 2018 it achieved revenues of $ 14.6 billion,
where application services accounted for 64% of its revenues.

INFOSYS
Infosys is an IT consulting and services company that was created in India in 1981. A pioneer
of the Global Delivery Model (a model for the execution of an IT project by a team distributed
around the world), it was the first Indian company in this industry to be listed on NASDAQ. Its
customer-focused strategy is defined through five areas: experience, insight, innovate, accelerate
and assure. All to help organizations accelerate innovation, increase productivity, reduce costs and
optimize the use of resources.

25
With 228,123 employees in 2018, it reached revenues of $ 11.8 billion. The group has operations in
the Americas, Asia Pacific, Europe, the Middle East and Africa, where North America contributes
60% of its income. Infosys has 13 subsidiary companies, which include the EdgeVerve Systems,
Kallidus, Panaya and Noah Consulting acquisitions. In the Everest ranking, it appeared as the eighth
most important outsourcing company, one position below IBM.

DXC TECHNOLOGY

DXC Technologies started operations in 2017 When CSC and the Enterprise Services
business of Hewlett Packard Enterprise got merged. These two companies had been in the
computer, IT and software development industry for several decades. This fusion created a group
that today serves almost 6,000 clients in more than 70 countries, providing services for digital
transformation. With its 130,000 employees, in 2018 it reached revenues of $ 20.75 billion.

NTT DATA

NTT DATA is the second most important IT company in Japan, which emerged in 1988 from
the privatization of the state communications and systems integration company Nippon Telegraph
and Telephone (NTT), which had started its business in 1967. Today, It operates in more than 50
countries, has 123,884 employees and reaches annual revenues of $ 14.6 billion.

The group offers professional consulting, systems development and IT outsourcing services. Its
solutions address different industries on many platforms, bringing innovation to its customers
through the implementation of IOT, Big Data, and AI technologies. In 2011, it was boosted by the
acquisition of the US based IT firm Keane, an application services specialist, which has now
complemented with infrastructure and business process outsourcing solutions delivered through
onsite, nearshore, and offshore resources.

HEWLETT PACKARD ENTERPRISE

Hewlett Packard Enterprise (HPE) broke away from HP in 2015 to form an independent
company to provide technology services to other organizations. Through cloud platforms, it seeks
to help its clients generate value through data. HPE is defined as a hybrid IT provider, built on
secure, next generation and software-based infrastructure.

26
 Five years after its launch, it employs 61,000 people and in 2018, reached revenues of $ 30.85
million, and has 126 offices in 45 countries. Its services are divided into IT solutions (the use of
hybrid cloud, data and IT for the transformation of the company), products (software-defined,
cloud-enabled enterprise servers and systems to operate at business speed, data storage) and
networking.

The top 10 IBM competitors are: Accenture, TCS, Cognizant, Wipro, HCL, Capgemini, Infosys, DXC
Technology, NTT DATA and Hewlett Packard Enterprise. Together they have raised over $ 146B
between their estimated 2M employees. IBM has 350,600 employees and is ranked 7th among its
top 10 competitors.

2.5 PRICING STRATEGIES IN THE INDUSTRY

Customers are more intelligent aware and demanding they need the best product at minimum
possible value and hence IBM has tried to select right initiative that Would offers maximize value to
customers and would also help in generating good revenues. it's various business ventures have
resulted in higher margins and revenue streams

IBM has made radical changes in pricing policies related to mainframes software. it has decided
that prices will depend on users number instead of current system where power and size are
measured on mainframes MIPs. This innovative value added pricing policy will be a landmark both
for customers and company and will help in providing a balance between the two in has taken pay
as you go providing implement own few software products

Brand has offered 0%Financing on services software and hardware for US citizen add international
customers who are spending $500, 000and $300, 000 Respectively. In the case of large
deployement brand has put up a provision of defining customer payment for nearly six months

The pricing strategy of the IBM will Focus on setting the list prices, credit terms payment periods
and discounts.

 If IBM decides to choose the price penetration strategy it will have to set the lower price than
competitions . The company will be able to win market share based on discounted pricing.
However, management should be aware of the potential relation from completion in the form of
an underived price was.

27
 The choice of skimming strategy will require clear communication of differential basis and how
such differential the extra price

Modern customer give high importance to the convincing and easy availability IBM Has caused
distributions by radical improvements in enlarging strategies which are identified through
centralized server programming and choosing the costs that will really on a porn dial numbers and
not current framework where power and sizes are measured on centralized server MIPs. This
strategy in its marketing minimum allows estimation and helping in giving a harmony between cost
and ability

2.6 INDUSTRIAL PERFORMANCE GLOBAL, NATIONAL AND REGIONAL BASIS

IBM relies on a series of metrics to measure our corporate responsibility efforts every year. Below
is a summary of the data in several important areas. Our key performance indicators (KPIs) for
various parts of the business are also noted, along with some explanation.
Employees Learning
IBMs encourage the employees to flourish by providing guidance and opportunities for career and
expertise growth, with the intention of helping both the company and our employees succeed in
this rapidly changing world. IBM blends traditional, virtual and work-enabling learning and
development activities to accomplish this. This strategy allows us to provide timely, comprehensive
and targeted learning through efficient, effective learning delivery mechanisms.
Women in the workforce
For more than 100 years, IBM has been dedicated to addressing the specific needs of women in our
workforce and to creating work-life and career development programs that address these needs.
We are committed to the progress and leadership development of women in our workforce and to
providing opportunities across the more than 170 countries where we do business.
Volunteering
IBM supports and encourages employees and retirees in skills-based volunteering in their local
communities around the world. Since 2003, when IBM launched its volunteering enablement
initiative, 280,000 registered users have logged nearly 20 million hours of service worldwide
Environment
IBM maintains goals covering the range of its environmental programs, including climate
protection, energy and water conservation, waste management and product stewardship. These

28
goals and our performance against them are discussed in this report. The goals identified here as
KPIs are based on stakeholder interest and materiality. IBM considers all of its goals to be
important metrics of the company’s performance against its commitment to environmental
protection.
Energy conservation
IBM’s goal is to achieve annual energy conservation savings equal to 3.5 percent of IBM’s total
across IBM’s product and services lines, by the completed divestiture of our microelectronics
business to GlobalFoundries, and from leveraging marketplace pricing opportunities. Production
Procurement, Logistics Procurement and diverse-supplier spending had the largest percentage
decrease owing to the divestiture. Geographic distribution of supplier spending remained
consistent, as our supply base is positioned to serve the needs of our clients on a global
basis.energy use. In 2015, IBM again achieved this goal, attaining a 6.3 percent savings from its
energy conservation projects.

Recycled plastics
In 2015, 5.05 percent of the plastic resins procured by IBM and its suppliers through IBM’s
corporate contracts for use in IBM’s products contained some recycled content. Comparing only
the weight of the recycled fraction of these resins to the total weight of plastics purchased (virgin
and recycled), 2.8 percent of IBM’s total plastic purchases in 2015 were recycled plastic versus the
corporate goal of 5 percent. The significant decline in the use of recycled plastics in 2015 is largely
attributable to the divestiture of IBM’s x86 server business to Lenovo in 2014. Given the
diminishing amount of plastics contained in IBM’s current product portfolio, we are re-evaluating
the goal to determine how it should be modified to better align with IBM’s current business.
Supply Chain
2015 global supplier spending was down $4.5 billion, affected by decreased revenue across IBM’s
product and services lines, by the completed divestiture of our microelectronics business to Global
Foundries, and from leveraging marketplace pricing opportunities. Production Procurement,
Logistics Procurement and diverse-supplier spending had the largest percentage decrease owing to
the divestiture. Geographic distribution of supplier spending remained consistent, as our supply
base is positioned to serve the needs of our clients on a global basis.

29
2.7 PROSPECTS AND CHALLENGES IN THE INDUSTRIES

International Business Machines (IBM) synonymous with technology for most people.These days,
IBM is struggling to stay relevant in rapidly changing tech market.

Armonk , New York based IBM has now reported 14 consecutive quarter of declining revenue, a
tend that show no signs of improving, according to analysts. IBM annoyed investors further by
slashing its earning outlook for the fourth time in five quarter.

Under CEO GinniRometty , the tech bell wether has focused on building its higher growth business
such as cloud computing , security, mobile and data analytics – what the tech gaint calls its
“Strategic imperatives.” Though revenue from these effort rose 27 percent excluding to offset the
drop in IBM’s legacy business.

SERVICES

IBM is the largest provider of computer services, while also offering industry – specific consulting.
For years, services where a cash cow for IBM. That’s no longer true in now-mature market. In the
latest quarter, Global Technology service revenue fell 10 percent. Global Business service sales fall
13 percent.

HARDWARE

Like Dell and Hewlett Packard (HPQ), IBM faces the huge problem of differentiating its Hardware
was IBM’s only business to lose money in the quarter.

SOFTWARE

If companies are buying less IBM hardware, they also don’t need the programs that go with them.
“The result is that less of IBM’s traditional offering are being purchased by its customers and third
party service are less likely to buy from IBM , instead often buying or building their own expensive
commodities or open source compute capabilities,” Sacconaghi said.

CLOUD COMPUTING

Using outside computer to run complex software programs is the hottest trends in technology. IBM
is a big player in this market, earning $ 9.5 billion revenue over the past 12 months. Unfortunately

30
as morning star analysts Peter Wahlstrom noted, big blue was late to the market and faces stiff
competition from rivals such as Amazon (AMZN), Google and Microsoft.

LAW OF LARGE NUMBERS

IBM’s market value is about $ 138 billion and according to a Wall Street adage, the bigger a
company, the harder it is to improving its earnings.

3.1 OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT - OBSERVATION BY THE CANDIDATE

IBM is a multinational company. There are almost 350000 employees are working. Their revenue is
about US dollar 77. 14billion. Almost five IBM’s employee have received the Nobel Prize. It has one
of the largest workforce in the world and employees at Big blue are referred to as IBMers. About
41% of the employees at IBM work eight hours or less while 24% of them have a very long day
longer than 12 hours. Majority of employees are satisfied in working with IBM. IBM makes money
from the sale of IT services software, consulting and project financing. Salary given to ten year
experience ranges between Rs. 6.1 lakhs to Rs. 14 lakhs with an annual salary of Rs. 9.4 lakhs for a
senior software developer. They give much training and incentives for the employees.
IBM's downside potential is fairly limited, but so is its upside. But if the company's strategic
imperatives stay on track, it could evolve into a radically different business with much higher
growth by the end of the decade. If that happens,
Growth opportunity provided here are satisfying employees is treated with respect. There is a good
team work. Communications between the employees bring them effective works.
IBM provide many benefits to employees. It offer a competitive benefit programme and support all
dimensions of health ,physical, social and financial purpose. There are also some retirement
programmes that helps build future financial security and other capital accumulation programmes,
health benefits Portfolio that provides strong support for our well-being and preventive care ,
comprehensive coverage to meet a range of medical solution and solid protection against the cost
of serious injury or illness .There are also some income protection in case of serious illness ,injury
or death including life insurance and disability benefits. IBM is the world’s biggest technology
company company and the second most valuable by global brand. IBM has several leadership
development and recognition program to recognize employee potential and achievement. Each
year the company also selects 500 IBM’s for the IBM corporate service larps (CSE) which has been

31
described as the corporate equivalent of the Peace Corps and gives top employees a month to do
humanitarian work abroad.

Ms.ASHLY SUSAN THOMAS

OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT
The SWOT analysis is planned well defined. International business machine cooperation (IBM) is a
technology company, operates through five segments; cognitive solutions, Global Business Services
(GBS), Technology services and cloud platforms systems and global financing. The cognitive
solutions segments delivers a spectrum of capabilities from descriptive, predictive and prescriptive
analysis to cognitive system. The GBS segment provides clients with consulting, application
management services and global process services. The technology services and cloud platforms
segment provides information technology infrastructure services. The system segment provides
clients with infrastructure technologies. The global financing segment include client financing,
commercial financing and remanufacturing and remarketing.

IBM is spinning of its managed infrastructure services unit to focus on its open hybrid and all
capabilities. Harness clean data that was earlier restricted to departmental or functional sites.
Create and deliver personalized consumer (customer, employee, stake holder) experiences. There
is set of tools to build, deploy and manage organizational Al models. Short list news hires, skills
roistering and staff training programs effectively. Optimize cost and operational effectiveness.

Mr.ANANTHAN B

32
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT

The future of IBM looks pretty uncertain right now. It was once one of the biggest names in the IT
industry, but IBM has lost its edge and rapport over the years. The company gave in to the threats
and weaknesses, and the struggles that it did overcome to stay up to date were not enough
compared with other competitors. Whether IBM will be able to gain back the position it once had
and become a leading name in the tech world once again, we can not say right now. We just have
to wait and see if the brand can do something to change its current course or if it will keep going
down in the market.

There is no company that has managed to remain unaffected by the COVID-19 pandemic and the
ensuing recession. First, the lockdown halted production, and everyone was confined to their
houses. The work-from-home situation really impacted the quality of the work in the beginning
because of how hard it was to adjust to these new circumstances. The lockdown also gravely
affected the mental health and motivation of employees.
Right after the lockdown started improving, the world witnessed an economic recession. Inflation
has blown up, and people have less and less to spend. People prefer to buy necessities for the
pandemic rather than spending on luxuries like technology, with whatever money they have.

These developments have really affected business, and it is hard to cope up with them; IBM has
been suffering the brunt of it too. Now, what really matters is how well IBM holds up as compared
to its competitors in dealing with the effects of the pandemic.

Ms.AKSA ELSA ABRAHAM

33
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT

IBM is often considered a safe and conservative company, but the company has certainly seen
better days.

Big Blue recently reported its 12th consecutive quarter of declining revenues. Its stock has fallen
9% over the past 12 months, dramatically underperforming the S&P 500's 12% gain.

IBM's core strengths are its five "strategic imperatives" -- its cloud, data analytics, mobile, social,
and security businesses. Revenue from those businesses climbed 16% annually last year and
accounted for 27% of IBM's top-line.

Last quarter, strategic imperatives revenue rose 30% year-over-year. IBM expects annual revenue
from those businesses to hit $40 billion by 2018, which would account for nearly half of its
projected annual revenue. To keep that growth on track, IBM will invest $4 billion on those
businesses throughout this year.

Within the cloud unit, demand for hybrid cloud installations will likely grow. Hybrid cloud
installations combine local and cloud-based services for larger businesses which aren't ready to
move all their data to the cloud yet.

Ms.B S SWATHI

34
OBJECTIVE ASSESSMENT

IBM's strategic initiatives are growing at a healthy rate, but its core businesses aren't. Last quarter,
revenue at all five of IBM's main business units -- Global Technology Services, Global Business
Services, Software, Systems Hardware, and Global Financing -- declined annually, contributing to its
companywide 12% top-line decline.

IBM's revenue growth has stalled due to weak client spending, sluggish demand in the software
sector, a strong dollar eating up its overseas revenues, and divestments of lower margin
businesses. Divesting lower margin businesses like low-end servers and its foundry business
improved earnings per share, but it also caused revenue growth to dry up. CEO Ginni Rometty
referred to those revenues as "empty calories," but without them, IBM's top-line growth will
remain weak.

IBM's dependence on large businesses is also a double-edged sword. Large businesses are heavily
dependent on IBM's mainframes, services, and software, but they are all fairly expensive compared
to solutions for smaller businesses. This means that fluctuations in client spending, affected by
various economic factors, could weigh down IBM's top-line growth.

Mr.AKASH MATHEW

35
3.2 SPECIFIC LEARNING OUTCOME

IBM Watson is a technology platform that uses natural language processing and machine
learning to reveal insights from large amounts of unstructured data. Watson was debuted in 2011
on the American game-show Jeopardy!, where it competed against champions Ken
Jennings and Brad Rutter in a three-game tournament and won. Watson has since been applied to
business, healthcare, developers, and universities. For example, IBM has partnered with Memorial
Sloan Kettering Cancer Center to assist with considering treatment options for oncology patients
and for doing melanoma screenings. Also, several companies have begun using Watson for call
centers, either replacing or assisting customer service agents.

In January 2019, IBM introduced its first commercial quantum computer IBM Q System One.

IBM also provides infrastructure for the New York City Police Department through their IBM
Cognos Analytics to perform data visualizations of CompStat crime data.

In March 2020, it was announced that IBM will build the first quantum computer in Germany. The
computer should allow researchers to harness the technology without falling foul of the EU's
increasingly assertive stance on data sovereignty.

Ms.ASHLY SUSAN THOMAS

36
LEARNING OUTCOME
IBM is an American multinational technology and consulting company with almost 350000
employees. Majority of the employees are well satisfied with the IBM Company. It has a market
capitalization of dollar 95B.It provides integrated solution that leverage information technology
and knowledge of business process. There are a large amount of data that can be collected from
IBM Company so it is very beneficial for us. The environmental risks and impact is very much less
because they are focusing on energy conservation, climate protection, supply chain requirements,
material use etc.. They provide much training for new employees according to their work. It is very
beneficial to them. The facilities provided by the organization in the work place are highly satisfied.
Most of the employs are satisfied with their present salary.

IBM has a large and diverse portfolio of products and services. As of 2016, these offerings fall into
the categories of cloud computing, artificial intelligence, commerce, data and analytics, Internet of
things (IoT), IT infrastructure, mobile, digital workplace and cyber security.

IBM Cloud includes infrastructure as a service (IaaS), software as a service (SaaS) and platform as a
service (PaaS) offered through public, private and hybrid cloud delivery models. For instance, the
IBM Bluemix PaaS enables developers to quickly create complex websites on a pay-as-you-go
model. IBM SoftLayer is a dedicated server, managed hosting and cloud computing provider, which
in 2011 reported hosting more than 81,000 servers for more than 26,000 customers. IBM also
provides Cloud Data Encryption Services (ICDES), using cryptographic splitting to secure customer
data.

IBM also hosts the industry-wide cloud computing and mobile technologies conference
InterConnect each year.

Mr.ANANTHAN B

37
LEARNING OUTCOME

IBM has one of the largest workforces in the world, and employees at Big Blue are referred to as
"IBMers". The company was among the first corporations to provide group life insurance (1934),
survivor benefits (1935), training for women (1935), paid vacations (1937), and training for disabled
people (1942). IBM hired its first black salesperson in 1946, and in 1952, CEO Thomas J. Watson,
Jr. published the company's first written equal opportunity policy letter, one year before the U.S.
Supreme Court decision in Brown vs. Board of Education and 11 years before the Civil Rights Act of
1964. The Human Rights Campaign has rated IBM 100% on its index of gay-friendliness every year
since 2003, with IBM providing same-sex partners of its employees with health benefits and an
anti-discrimination clause. Additionally, in 2005, IBM became the first major company in the world
to commit formally to not use genetic information in employment decisions; and in 2017, IBM was
named to Working Mother's 100 Best Companies List for the 32nd consecutive year.

IBM has several leadership development and recognition programs to recognize employee
potential and achievements. For early-career high potential employees, IBM sponsors leadership
development programs by discipline (e.g., general management (GMLDP), human
resources (HRLDP), finance (FLDP)). Each year, the company also selects 500 IBMers for the IBM
Corporate Service Corps (CSC), which has been described as the corporate equivalent of the Peace
Corps and gives top employees a month to do humanitarian work abroad. For certain interns, IBM
also has a program called Extreme Blue that partners top business and technical students to
develop high-value technology and compete to present their business case to the company's CEO
at internship's end.

Ms.AKSA ELSA ABRAHAM

LEARNING OUTCOME

Hardware designed by IBM for these categories include IBM's POWER microprocessors, which are
employed inside many console gaming systems, including Xbox 360, PlayStation 3,
and Nintendo's Wii U.

38
IBM Secure Blue is encryption hardware that can be built into microprocessors, and in 2014, the
company revealed TrueNorth, a neuromorphic CMOS integrated circuit and announced a $3 billion
investment over the following five years to design a neural chip that mimics the human brain, with
10 billion neurons and 100 trillion synapses, but that uses just 1 kilowatt of power. In 2016, the
company launched all-flash arrays designed for small and midsized companies, which includes
software for data compression, provisioning, and snapshots across various systems.

IT outsourcing also represents a major service provided by IBM, with more than 60 data
centers worldwide. alphaWorks is IBM's source for emerging software technologies, and SPSS is
a software package used for statistical analysis. IBM's Kenexa suite provides
employment and retention solutions[buzzword], and includes the BrassRing, an applicant tracking
system used by thousands of companies for recruiting. IBM also owns The Weather Company,
which provides weather forecasting and includes weather.com and Weather Underground.

Smarter Planet is an initiative that seeks to achieve economic growth, near-term

efficiency, sustainable development, and societal progress, targeting opportunities such as smart
grids, water management systems, solutions to traffic congestion, and greener buildings.

Services provisions include Redbooks, which are publicly available online books about best
practices with IBM products, and developerWorks, a website for software developers and IT
professionals with how-to articles and tutorials, as well as software downloads, code samples,
discussion forums, podcasts, blogs, wikis, and other resources for developers and technical
professionals.

Ms.B S SWATHI

LEARNING OUTCOME

The company has various designations for exceptional individual contributors such as Senior
Technical Staff Member (STSM), Research Staff Member (RSM), Distinguished Engineer (DE), and
Distinguished Designer (DD). Prolific inventors can also achieve patent plateaus and earn the
designation of Master Inventor. The company's most prestigious designation is that of IBM Fellow.
Since 1963, the company names a handful of Fellows each year based on technical achievement.
Other programs recognize years of service such as the Quarter Century Club established in 1924,
and sellers are eligible to join the Hundred Percent Club, composed of IBM salesmen who meet
their quotas, convened in Atlantic City, New Jersey. Each year, the company also selects 1,000

39
 IBMers annually to award the Best of IBM Award, which includes an all-expenses-paid trip to the
awards ceremony in an exotic location.

IBM's culture has evolved significantly over its century of operations. In its early days, a dark (or
gray) suit, white shirt, and a "sincere" tie constituted the public uniform for IBM employees.

During IBM's management transformation it relaxed these codes, normalizing the dress and
behavior of IBM employees. The company's culture has also given to different plays on the
company acronym (IBM), with some saying it stands for "I've Been Moved" due to relocations and
layoffs, others saying it stands for "I'm By Myself" pursuant to a prevalent work-from-anywhere
norm, and others saying it stands for "I'm Being Mentored" due to the company's open door policy
and encouragement for mentoring at all levels. In terms of labor relations, the company has
traditionally resisted labor union organizing, although unions represent some IBM workers outside
the United States

In 2015, IBM started giving employees the option of choosing Mac as their primary work device,
next to the option of a PC or a Linux distribution. In 2016, IBM eliminated forced rankings and
changed its annual performance review system to focus more on frequent feedback, coaching, and
skills development.

Mr.AKASH MATHEW

3.3 CONTRIBUTION BY THE STUDENT GROUP

 The company should provide feedback to reduce the communication gap.
 The company can create more awareness about its product among potential customer by means
of advertisement which in turn will help in increase the customer base.
 The company can provide extra bonus for the employee which are well working and experienced so
it will help in provide more profit.
 Provide multinational support with newer communication channel such as social, mobile, web chat
and email.
 Provide clear set of goal and instruction to the employee.
 Give a positive work environment to the employee. The work environment plays a vital role in
keeping the employee motivated.
 Stop organizational politics.

40
 Encourage an environment of acceptance.
 Inspire two culture of self- awareness.
 A dedication to continued education in employees increase their value while increasing their
overall wellbeing.
 Give employees two direct live to the people at the top.
 Prospects and challenges in the industries International Business Machines (IBM) synonymous with
technology for most people. These days, IBM is struggling to stay relevant in rapidly changing tech
market. Armonk, New York based IBM has now reported 14 consecutive quarter of declining
revenue, a trend that show no signs of improving, according to analysts. IBM annoyed investors
further by slashing its earnings outlook for the fourth time in five quarter. Under CEO Ginni
Rometty , the tech bell wether has focused on building its higher growth business such as cloud
computing , security, mobile and data analytics – what the tech gaint calls its “Strategic
imperatives.” Though revenue from these effort rose 27 percent excluding to offset the drop in
IBM’s legacy business. Services IBM is the largest provider of computer services, while also offering
industry – specific consulting. For years, services where a cash cow for IBM. That’s no longer true in
now-mature market. In the latest quarter, Global Technology service revenue fell 10 percent.
Global Business service sales fall 13 percent. Hardware Like Dell and Hewlett Packard (HPQ), IBM
faces the huge problem of differentiating its Hardware was IBM’s only business to lose money in
the quarter. Software If companies are buying less IBM hardware, they also don’t need the
programs that go with them. “The result is that less of IBM’s traditional offering are being
purchased by its customers and third party service are less likely to buy from IBM , instead often
buying or building their own expensive commodities or open source compute capabilities,”
Sacconaghi said. Cloud computing Using outside computer to run complex software programs is the
hottest trends in technology. IBM is a big player in this market, earning $ 9.5 billion revenue over
the past 12 months. Unfortunately as morning star analysts Peter Wahlstrom noted, big blue was
late to the market and faces stiff competition from rivals such as Amazon (AMZN), Google and
Microsoft. Law of large numbers IBM’s market value is about $ 138 billion and according to a Wall
Street adages, the bigger a company, the harder it is to improving its earnings.

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 FINDINGS

 Revenue of $ 77.1 billion, down 3.1 percent (up 0.2 percent adjusting for direct business and
currency). Total cloud revenue of $ 21.2 billion, up 11 percent (up 14 percent adjusting for directed
business and currency).
 The partners five force analysis of IBM shows that competition is strong, involving firm like
(alphabet Inc). Amazon.com, Intel and Microsoft.
 IBM makes money from the sale of IT sources, software consulting and project financing.
 IBM has a global presence operating in more than 175 countries with a brand-based geographic
distribution of revenue.
 Work Life Balance (23%): About 41% of the employees at IBM work 8 hours or less while 24% of
them have a very long day longer than 12 hours.
 The majority of IBM employees are satisfied with their work life balance and do not feel burnt out.
 Labour Day Survey 51 percentage of US employees overall satisfied with their Job.
 The Conference Board’s latest survey on job’s satisfaction finds that 51 percentage of US
employees feel overall satisfied with their job.
 Factors contributing to employ satisfaction include treating employees with respect, providing
regular employee recognition, empowering employees.

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