CPAR Lesson 2-4 (for the Quiz#1 on
Monday)
Integrative Art as Applied to
Contemporary Art (January 29, 2024)
“Every child is an artist. The problem is to
remain an artist once they grow up.”
-Pablo Picasso
● In full Pablo Diego José Francisco
de Paula Juan Nepomuceno Crispín
Crispiniano María Remedios de la
Santísima Trinidad Ruiz Picasso, a
Spanish expatriate painter, sculptor,
printmaker, ceramicist, and stage
designer, one of the greatest and
most-influential artists of the 20th
century and the creator (with
Georges Braque) of Cubism.
Exp. Guernica
Red - Anger Blue - Sadness
“Dugong Bughaw” - Anak mayaman
Color
(1) Mood (2) Art (3) Response
Symbols and Figures = Ancestral
Communication and Documentation
● The Angono Petroglyphs are
petroglyphs carved into a rock wall
in Angono, Rizal, Philippines. It
consists of 127 human and animal
figures engraved on the rockwall
probably carved during the late
Neolithic, or before 2000 BC. They
are the oldest known work of art in
the Philippines. It was discovered in
1965 by National Artist, Carlos
“Botong” Francisco during a field trip
with a troop of boy scouts.
Petroglyphs - “Petro” rock “glyphs” symbols
Petrograph - naiukit sa mga bato
What is Art?
● From Latin word Ars meaning “skill”
● An artist should have a power to
have a creative imagination which
becomes a talent fueled by passion
in art.
● It allows us to showcase our talent,
an opportunity to share our
blessings.
● It has the story of our heritage, the
uniqueness founded by our
ancestors passed on to our
civilization which defines our culture.
● Art is the expression or application
of human creative skill and
imagination,typically in a visual form
such as painting or sculpture,
producing works to be appreciated
primarily for their beauty or
emotional power. (Dictionary Def.)
Why to Study Art?
● Art is natural human behavior.
● Art is communication (LISTENING,
FRIENDLINESS,
OPEN-MINDEDNESS, THE
BALANCE, CONFIDENCE,
NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION)
● Art is healing.
● Art tells a story.
“Mona Lisa” by Leonardo da Vinci
(hindi sikat pero naging sikat dahil
sa nakawan na naganap;
mayamang babae)
“Trains to Life-Trains to Death” (mga
nakabronze na statue ay ang mga
nailigtas na Jewish kids, nakablack
ang mga namatay na mga Jewish
kids; from WW2; Berlin Germany)
● Art is an experience.
“Teaching art is a shared
experience. Our ability to share our
own personal vision and interact with
other through art can become
realized.”
-Michael Bell
John Dewey explains that art is a
dynamic human experience that
involves both the artist and the
audience. When the audience
encounters art, they are connecting
with the artist's experiences and
transforming the meaning of the art
with their own.
“Spoliarium” (4.22m x 7.765m) by
Juan Luna
1. 1st Gold Medal in Madrid
(1884)
2. Largest painting in the
Philippines hanging in the
National Museum.
3. Most internationally
renowned piece of modern
Filipino art.
4. It represents Filipino society
during those times.
Functions of Art
1. Personal or Individual Function
● Artists have their personal
reasons for indulging in art.
They create because of their
passion for the arts.
Benedicto “BenCab” Cabrera, our
National Artist, was inspired by a
beggar scavenging in the streets of
Sta. Cruz Manila wearing classic
scraps. (add BenCab museum)
2. Social Function
● Man is social being and as
such he associates with his
fellow beings.
Cultural Center of the Philippines
- Home of the Philippine
Contemporary Arts
- Commemorates 50th Anniversary
last 09/16/20
- Houses the Philippine International
Convention Center (PICC), Folk Arts
Theatre now known as the
Tanghalang Francisco Balagtas, and
film centers.
- Home for theaters, museum, and
exhibit halls.
- It is valuable in starring world class
Filipino Artistry
3. Economic Function
● Many people believe that it does not
pay to be an artist. However, this
believe is neglected by the facts that
many people earn their living in arts.
● The function of the art is more than
what is earned by the artist.
Example:
“Lavanderas” by Fernando Amorsolo
PHP 21.5M
4. Political Function
● When Imelda Romualdez-Marcos, a
patroness of the arts became the
Governor of Metro Manila, she
promoted her political programs by
means of arts. (Kaya may CCP)
5. Historical Function
● Paintings, sculptures, architectural
works, and other art forms serve to
record historical figures and events.
Example: “Rizal Park” and “EDSA
People Power Monument”
6. Cultural Function
● Buildings, furniture (chairs, table,
etc.), clothes, and the like form part
of the country’s material culture.
● It defines our identity as Filipinos.
(“Bahay Kubo” “Barong Tagalog”)
7. Religious Function
● Almost all, if not all, art forms
evolved from religion. People in
olden times worshiped their gods in
the form of songs and dances.
(Cathedrals, Mosques, Religious
Statues)
8. Physical Function
● Houses and other buildings are
constructed to protect occupants
and all others inside them.
(Upuan na kamay, Banga)
9. Aesthetic Function
● Artworks serve to beautify.
● Asian landscape paintings are made
on rice paper. During ceremonial tea
parties, the family members sit in a
room surrounded by paintings
unrolled and hung on the walls, as if
they are sipping tea amidst the
grandeur of nature. After the tea
party, the paintings are rolled and
stored in rosewood cabinet.
(weddings, parties)
Contemporary Arts and Characteristics
(February 5, 2024)
Characteristics of Contemporary Arts
What is Contemporary Art?
● The new content of the artwork is
produced now by a living artist.
Example: Fernando Amorsolo’s
painting has become animated.
● Arts created from the 1970’s up to
the present day
● Made and produced by an artist still
living today
● Arts that reflect values of our society
“Contemporary” = present
Timeline of Philippine Arts
1. Ethnic Art (Pre - 13th AD)
“Integral Life”
2. Islamic Art (13th AD)
“Geometric Designs”
3. Spanish Era (1521-1898_
“Faith and Catechism”
4. American Era (1898-1940)
“Secular Forms of Art”
5. Japanese Era (1941-1945)
“Orientalizing”
6. Modern Era (1946-1969)
“National Identity”
7. Contemporary Era
(1970-present)
“Social Realism”
● Today's artists work in and respond
to a global environment that is
culturally diverse, technologically
advancing, and multifaceted. Their
art is a dynamic combination of
materials, methods, concepts, and
subjects that challenge traditional
boundaries and defy easy definition.
Working in a wide range of
mediums, contemporary artists often
reflect and comment on modern-day
society.
● Bold strokes, bright colors
● Abstract, expressionist, and
surrealist
● Art became public.
● Some artists were self-taught.
● Different materials were used
instead of the traditional ones.
 ● Originality is not an issue in
Contemporary Art (ConArt).
● Process is important.
Contemporary Art - pays attention to the
society
Modern Art - more self expressive
Contemporary Art Themes
(Economic,Political,Culture)
(Seen in the eyes and experienced by the
artists)
+ A contemporary artist creates art
that tells us about how they view
their life, their thoughts, ideas, belief,
an(d many more that defines human
life.
ConArts with Artists
Marina Abramovic - “The Artist is
Present” 2010
● The Artist is Present was, in some
respects, a very simple work. It
consisted of Belgrade-born,
sixty-three-year-old performance
artist Abramović sitting silent and still
in a chair across from another chair
in which anyone could sit silently
(one at a time) for however long they
wanted during business hours at the
Museum of Modern Art in New York.
Abramović sat for the entire run of
her 2010 retrospective, which added
up to 736 hours and 30 minutes.
Andreas Gursky - “Rhine II” 1999 (photo)
● Rhine II, the work of German
photographer Gursky, measures
almost 12 feet long and 7 feet high.
hile the actual view (in Germany)
was busy with power lines, trees,
and livestock, Gursky had removed
all of these things through both
analogue and digital processes.
Gursky’s use of digital manipulations
prompted a lively public discussion
about whether photography had now
become equal to painting as an art
form.
Olafur Eliasson - “The Weather Project”
2003
● Upon entering the Tate’s Turbine
Hall, visitors to Eliasson’s The
weather project were greeted by a
huge glowing orb that hovered near
the ceiling. A fine mist filled the hall,
diffusing its spellbinding glow
throughout the room. Because this
work by the Danish-Icelandic artist
effectively used the entire volume of
the space, it was called the largest
indoor contemporary artwork ever
produced.
Rachel Harrison - “Huffy Howler” 2004
● Huffy Howler upset one’s
expectations regarding the materials
that could make up a sculpture. Most
of its components—including
handbags, gravel, and binder
clips—were either very close to
being garbage, or very cheap. But
the New York-based Harrison was
able to bring these unusual materials
together into a unique kind of
cohesiveness that brilliantly teetered
between coherence and absurdity.
Her sculptures have been labeled
“complexes,” and unlike Robert
Rauschenberg’s iconic 1950s and
1960s “combines,” which were an
integration of painting and sculpture
into one, Harrison puts together
objects that never entirely seem to
combine.
Vik Muniz -”Marat (Sebastiao)” 2008
● Jardim Gramacho, a 321-acre plot of
land on the northern edge of Rio de
Janeiro, was the world’s largest
garbage dump until it closed in 2012.
Between 2007 and 2010, the Jardim
became a kind of studio for
Brazilian-born, New York- and
Rio-based artist Muniz. The artworks
created there became a series
called Pictures of Garbage, which
recreate iconic images from art
history using trash collected from the
dump. Ethics is a good place to
start, especially regarding
collaborations with “marginalized” or
poorer segments of society, which
has become a common practice for
contemporary artists interested in
socially engaged art.
Ai Weiwei - “Remembering” 2009
● On May 12, 2008, a 7.9-magnitude
earthquake devastated Sichuan
Province in western China, killing
thousands of young students whose
schools may not have met
country-wide building standards. The
government refused to investigate,
and Chinese artist and activist Ai
was compelled to act. The son of a
poet who was denounced and exiled
by the Chinese government, he had
made a career out of creating
artworks promoting freedom of
expression and human rights, and in
the process, challenging Chinese
cultural values and political authority.
Remembering stood as a powerful
and indelible example of a work of
art’s ability to engage directly with
ongoing political and social issues.
Kara Walker - “A Subtlety” 2014
● Visitors to Walker’s A Subtlety,
housed in a former Brooklyn Domino
Sugar factory, encountered
something that was far from subtle.
Her enormous bright-white sculpture
of a nude woman was 35 feet tall
and 75 feet long and covered with
approximately 80,000 pounds of
refined white sugar. The effect was
blindingly white. Yet the woman in
the sculpture presented as “black,”
her pose and exaggerated features
drawing on two racial stereotypes of
African American women—as
mammies and as
hypersexualized—as well as
historical sphinx statuary. With this
work, the New York artist also
reminded us of the innumerable
horrors suffered by African slaves in
the international sugar trade.
ACTIVITY
A ConArt or No?
Jose Rizal Monument (Luneta Park, Manila)
It was designed in between 1905 to
1907 by Richard Kissling to honor
the memory of Dr. Jose Rizal, our
national hero.
No
Carinosa
A popular dance Cariñosa meaning
lovable and affectionate is a hide
and seek dances between dancers.
It is a folk dance influenced by a
Spanish Colonial Rule.
No
Balangiga Encounter Monument (Balangiga,
Eastern Samar)
Dedicated to the heroism of local
freedom fighters. The arts sculpture
was designed by National Artist
Napoleon Abueva in 2003. The
sculpture reminds us about the
heroism of Filipinos in the bloodiest
encounter against American forces
in 1901. The church bells used to
warn people in incoming danger
were seized and the bells were
returned only after a hundred years
in 2018.
Yes
Mr. Ryan Cayabyab
He composed song of a three-act
opera in 2003 entitled “Spoliarium”
derived from the famous painting.
Mr. C is known in television and was
awarded as a National Artist for
Music in 2018.
Yes
EDA Shrine Statue of Our Lady of Peace,
1989
Built after the Edsa People Power
Revolution of 1986. The National
Commission for Culture and Arts
(NCCA) declared Edsa Shrine as an
important cultural property designed
by National Artist Francisco Mañosa
and the large sculpture of the Lady
of Peace was an artwork of Virginia
Ty Navarro.
Yes
Elements and Principles of ConArts
(February 6, 2024)
“There is a small world of people who are
very interested in contemporary art and a
slightly bigger world of people who look at
contemporary art. But then there is a much
larger world that doesn’t realize how
influential art is on things that they actually
look at.”
-Marc Jacobs
1. Appropriation (enhance/modify)
- Done when an artist creates new
artwork by taking pre-existing
images from other resources and
modifies and/or incorporates those
images with new ones.
- Existing artworks are appropriated to
produce another artwork. Usage of
prints, images, and icons to produce
another art form.
- Past from the present. Revives
interests to existing forms of art.
Example: Modified “The Persistence of
Memory”, by Salvador Dali, turns into
internet browser. (ibig sabihin ng art ay time
to enhance)
2. Performance
- Emphasize spontaneous,
unpredictable elements of chance
(According to Walker Art Center)
- Performance artist have tried to
interpret various human activities,
form ordinary activities,such as
chores,routines, and rituals, to
socially relevant themes such as
poverty, commercialism and war.
3. Space
- How art transforms a space is now
an occupation of contemporary artist
- Flash mob or sculpture installations
in malls and parks are examples of
space or site art forms. These are
performed and positioned in specific
spots, especially in public places.

4. Hybridity (unusual materials)

- Contemporary artists are now as
innovative as ever. In traditional
painting, only few materials are of
conventional use.
- Contemporary visual artist, on the
other hand, may opt to use coffee for
painting or carve miniature
sculptures using crayons. Hybridity
in contemporary arts is using or
mixing of unlikely materials to
produce an artwork.

Example: Elito Villaflor Circa “Amangpintor”,

a Filipino painter and internationally known
as “folk artist” who paints using indigenous
human hair and blood fluids.

5. Technology
- It is the reality in the present day of
the world. Contemporary artist have
used technology in the creation and
dissemination of works of art.

+ When MTV first went into the

airwaves in 1981, video became part
of the human interaction and activity.
+ The video phenomenon was further
pushed by debut of YouTube that
allowed everyone with internet
connection to post and share videos.
+ Contemporary artists have used
video and internet as a way of
propagating art.