English texts

Commemoration day

Commemoration Day is a day set aside to remember and honor the sacrifices of
individuals, often linked to historical events or significant milestones. It's a
time for reflection and paying tribute to those who made contributions or faced
challenges.
In Azerbaijan, Commemoration Day, also known as Martyrs' Day, is observed on
January 20th. It commemorates the tragic events of 1990 when Soviet forces
intervened in Baku, resulting in loss of life during the struggle for independence.
The day honors those who sacrificed for the country's freedom.
On January 20, 1990, Soviet troops stormed Baku, Azerbaijan's capital, in a
violent crackdown on the independence movement. The event resulted in numerous
civilian casualties and is remembered as a pivotal moment in Azerbaijan's struggle
for sovereignty. Commemoration Day serves to honor the martyrs who bravely stood
for the nation's independence during this tragic incident. The day is marked by
ceremonies, speeches, and remembrance activities throughout the country.

Independence day of Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan's Independence Day is celebrated on October 18th, marking the

country's declaration of independence from the Soviet Union in 1991. It signifies
the establishment of a sovereign and independent Azerbaijan.
Azerbaijan's Independence Day on October 18, 1991, marks the nation's liberation
from Soviet rule. It symbolizes the beginning of a new era for Azerbaijan as an
independent and sovereign state. The day is observed with various festivities,
including parades, concerts, and flag-raising ceremonies, fostering a sense of
unity and patriotism among the people.

Victory day

On November 10th, Azerbaijan commemorates Victory Day, a monumental occasion

marking the end of the Second Karabakh War in 2020. This significant day is deeply
rooted in the successful military operations that resulted in the restoration of
Azerbaijan's territorial integrity, particularly in the Nagorno-Karabakh region.
Victory Day is not only a time to acknowledge the military achievements but also
a moment of reflection on the sacrifices endured during the conflict. The day is
marked by elaborate ceremonies, including military parades showcasing the strength
of Azerbaijan's armed forces. These events are attended by political leaders,
veterans, and the general public, contributing to a sense of national unity and
pride.

Constitution day

Constitution Day is typically a national holiday that celebrates the adoption or

promulgation of a country's constitution.
Azerbaijan's Constitution Day, observed on November 12th, is a significant
occasion commemorating the adoption of the country's constitution in 1995. The
constitution plays a vital role in establishing the legal and political foundations
of Azerbaijan. On this day, there are often educational programs, seminars, and
cultural events organized to promote awareness and understanding of the
constitution's principles and values. It serves as an opportunity to reflect on the
importance of constitutional governance in shaping the nation's identity and
fostering civic engagement.
 World Azerbaijanis Solidarity

The Solidarity Day of World Azerbaijanis was established at the end of December
1989 during the collapse of borders in Nakhchivan. The border poles between North
and South Azerbaijan were collapsed. Meanwhile, Turkic-speaking countries held
their first conference in Istanbul, during which they decided to celebrate the
solidarity of the world Azerbaijanis. Taking into account the importance of the
unity of world Azerbaijanis, the national leader of Azerbaijan, Heydar Aliyev, who
was then Chairman of the Supreme Assembly of the Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic,
announced December 31 as the World Azerbaijanis' Solidarity Day. So, December 31
became the Solidarity Day of World Azerbaijanis. Azerbaijanis are proud to
celebrate this day.

Black January in Azerbaijan

Black January refers to the events that occurred in Azerbaijan in January 1990.
The Soviet military, under orders from Moscow, conducted a violent crackdown to
suppress the growing independence movement in Azerbaijan. This resulted in numerous
civilian casualties, and it marked a significant moment in the struggle for
Azerbaijan's independence, which was eventually achieved in 1991 with the
dissolution of the Soviet Union. The events of Black January are remembered as a
tragic chapter in Azerbaijan's history.
During Black January, the Soviet military imposed martial law in Baku, the
capital of Azerbaijan, and used military force against unarmed protesters demanding
independence. The crackdown led to a tragic loss of life, with estimates of
civilian casualties ranging from dozens to hundreds. The incident garnered
international condemnation and increased support for Azerbaijan's quest for
independence.
The events of Black January played a crucial role in shaping the national
consciousness and fostering a strong desire for sovereignty in Azerbaijan. The
tragedy is commemorated annually as a day of remembrance and solidarity with those
who lost their lives in the pursuit of independence.

Azerbaijan National Dishes

Azerbaijan boasts a rich culinary tradition with diverse and flavorful dishes.
Here are a few notable national dishes:

1. Plov : Plov is a staple in Azerbaijani cuisine, featuring rice cooked with

various ingredients like meat, vegetables, and spices. The specific preparation can
vary, and there are different regional variations.

2. Dolma : Dolma consists of grape leaves stuffed with a mixture of minced meat
(often lamb or beef), rice, and herbs. It is typically served with yogurt.

3. Kebab : Azerbaijani kebabs are renowned for their taste and variety. Lamb, beef,
or chicken can be used, and they are often marinated with spices before being
grilled or skewered.

4. Dushbara : These are small dumplings filled with minced meat and flavored with
herbs. They are usually served in a clear broth and can be enjoyed as a soup.

5. Kutab : Kutab is a type of Azerbaijani flatbread stuffed with various fillings

like greens, meat, or pumpkin.

6. Lavangi : Lavangi is a dish where fish or chicken is stuffed with a mixture of

walnuts, onions, and various spices before being grilled or baked.
7. Piti : Piti is a traditional Azerbaijani soup made with meat, chickpeas, and
chestnuts. It's often slow-cooked in individual clay pots.

Azerbaijani cuisine reflects the country's diverse cultural influences and

offers a delightful mix of flavors and textures.

Good manners, bad manners

Good manners play a crucial role in social interactions, contributing to positive

relationships and effective communication. Here are some general principles of good
manners:

Good Manners

1. Politeness : Being polite involves using "please," "thank you," and "excuse me"
appropriately. It also includes addressing others with respect.

2. Punctuality : Arriving on time for appointments and events shows respect for
other people's time.

3. Listening : Actively listening to others during conversations demonstrates

interest and respect. Avoid interrupting and give others a chance to express
themselves.

4. Table Manners : Basic table manners, such as chewing with your mouth closed,
using utensils properly, and not talking with your mouth full, contribute to a
pleasant dining experience.

Bad Manners

1. Interrupting : Interrupting others while they are speaking can be seen as

disrespectful. Wait for an appropriate moment to express your thoughts.

2. Rudeness : Using offensive language, making derogatory remarks, or engaging in

disrespectful behavior can alienate others.

3. Excessive Phone Use : Constantly checking your phone or engaging in lengthy

phone conversations during social interactions can be perceived as rude.

4. Overlooking Gratitude : Failing to express gratitude for favors, gifts, or

gestures can be seen as unappreciative.

Remember that cultural norms can influence what is considered good or bad manners,
so it's essential to be aware of and respectful toward the customs of the specific
social or cultural context you find yourself in.