AGRICULTURAL BOT SCALED DOWN

PROTOTYPE
Dr. Harish Rajukar1
Associate Professor, Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, SVPCET
Nagpur, Maharashtra, India

Bhunesh Bisen2 Gaurav Wasekar3 Vikas Charde4

B.Tech dept.of Electronics and
Telecommunication,
SVPCET
Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
bhuneshbisen.fy20@stvincentngp.edu.i
n in
NishantUthane5
B.Tech dept.of Electronics and
Telecommunication,
SVPCET
Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
nishantutane.fy20@stvincentngp.edu.in
B.Tech dept.of Electronics and B.Tech dept.of Electronics and
Telecommunication, Telecommunication,
SVPCET SVPCET
Nagpur, Maharashtra, India Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Gauravwasekar.21d@stvincentngp.edu. vikascharde.fy20@stvincentngp.edu.in
Paarul Walde7
Mayur Nachankar6 B.Tech dept.of Electronics and
B.Tech dept.of Electronics and Telecommunication,
Telecommunication, SVPCET
SVPCET Nagpur, Maharashtra, India
Nagpur, Maharashtra, India paarulw.etc20@stvincentngp.edu.in
mayurnachankar.fy20@stvincentngp.ed
u.in

Abstract— In order to reduce pesticides in agricultural
production caused by direct contact with the human
body injury, and improve the efficiency of agricultural
spraying operations, this paper proposes the design of
intelligent Wi-Fi wireless controlled spraying pesticides
robots. For monitoring the microcontroller core, a
wireless router for the network connection point is
employed.
Keywords— Robot, wireless controller,
spraying.
I. INTRODUCTION
The use of pesticides in agricultural production is an
insecticide, sterilization, pest or weed killing drugs for the
prevention, eradication or control hazards in agriculture,
forestry, disease, insects, grass and other harmful organisms
and purposeful regulation of plant growth of chemicals.
Traditional manual pesticide spraying operations is full of
direct exposure to the pesticide liquid work environment,
great harm to human body. Spray robot can effectively
isolate the drug in direct contact with the human body in
pesticide spraying process, but because of the constraints of
large agricultural robot delicate and complex nature of the
job objects, the complexity of the operating environment
and the operation target price particularity and development
issues such as slow.
Design of high-speed wireless access and transmission
characteristics of WiFi-based, wireless router as a network
connection point, wireless router via WiFi network to send
data out, Android smart phones connect to a wireless router
WiFi network, a wireless router receives data and displayed
on the phone, according to the surroundings of the robot
remote control. Instruction issued on the phone can also be
connected via the serial port with SCM router, the received
instructions to send the phone to the microcontroller to
achieve a robot on the phone to a wireless remote control
and video surveillance transmission to the router via WiFi.
A router receive instruction and pass through the serial port
to the microcontroller, the microcontroller received
instructions to control the robot perform the appropriate
actions. Traffic channel on both sides of the crop spraying
operations, the robot may control the spraying direction of
the spray head, according to the height of the crop; the
height of the spray can be modified to achieve the pesticide
spray function.
II. LITERATURE SURVEY
A. Agricultural Robotics: A Review" by S. K.
Upadhyaya et al. (2018)
This review paper provides an overview of the state-of-the-
art in agricultural robotics, including various types of robots
used in agriculture, their applications, challenges, and future
directions. It covers topics such as robotic manipulators,
mobile robots, sensing technologies, and autonomous
navigation systems.
B. Advancements in Autonomous Agricultural
Robotics: A Review" by S. S. Patil et al. (2020)
This paper focuses on recent advancements in autonomous
agricultural robotics, including developments in perception,
decision-making, and control algorithms. It discusses the
integration of technologies such as machine learning,
computer vision, and GPS for improved agricultural
automation.
 C. "SMART FARMING: INCLUDING THE USE OF SENSORS
FOR THE DETECTION OF PESTS AND DISEASES IN
CROPS" BY M. V. MORENO ET AL. (2018)
This study explores the use of sensor technologies for
pest and disease detection in crops, highlighting the role
of smart farming techniques in precision agriculture. It
discusses various types of sensors, data processing
techniques, and their applications in early pest and
disease detection.
D. "Wireless Sensor Networks for Smart Agriculture:
A Review" by M. Bhandari et al. (2019)
This review paper examines the use of wireless sensor
networks (WSNs) in smart agriculture applications. It
discusses the design and implementation of WSNs for
monitoring environmental parameters, soil conditions, and
crop health, aiming to optimize resource usage and improve
yield.
III. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Fig. 1 Block Diagram.
Android Phone:
The Android Phone acts as the control interface
for the floor cleaning system, allowing users to interact
with a dedicated Android application. Through this
app, users can send commands and instructions to the
system, effectively controlling its operation and
cleaning functions.
WiFi NodeMCU:
The WiFi NodeMCU is a cheap and open- source
platform used for IoT (Internet of Things) projects. It's
built around the ESP8266 WiFi module. This device
acts like a middleman between your Android phone
and the different parts of the floor cleaning system. It
gets instructions from the Android phone through WiFi
and then carries out those instructions to control how
the cleaning system works.
Motor Driver:
The Motor Driver connects the NodeMCU to the
motors and manages their direction and speed. It
receives commands from the NodeMCU and adjusts
the motors accordingly. This driver could be an H-
bridge or another suitable circuit designed to control
motors effectively.
Motors:
4 motors are linked to the motor driver and are
responsible for moving the floor cleaning system.
Depending on the design needs, these motors can be
either DC motors or stepper motors. The motor driver
can independently control the speed and direction of
these motors.
Water Pump:
Connected to the NodeMCU, the water pump
plays a vital role in the process by dispensing water or
fertilizer solution onto the farm land. Its function is
crucial for effectively watering and spraying fertilizers
so that seeds get proper nourishments for growth.
HC-05 Bluetooth module:
It is a crucial component in agricultural bots. It
enables wireless communication, allowing remote
control via smartphones. By integrating sensors and
ensuring user-friendly interaction, the HC-05 enhances
the bot’s versatility and efficiency in tasks like plowing,
seeding, and mud leveling
Solar panels:
It play a crucial role in powering agricultural
robots. By harnessing sunlight, they generate electricity
that charges the robot’s batteries. This sustainable
energy source ensures continuous operation, reduces
reliance on external power grids, and promotes eco-
friendly farming practices.
Overall Operation:
1. Main Controller (Node MCU):
The Node MCU serves as the main controller of
the agricultural bot. It is responsible for receiving
commands, processing data, and coordinating the
actions of various components.
2. Movement (4 Motors):
The agricultural bot is equipped with four motors for
movement. These motors could be wheels or tracks,
depending on the design. The Node MCU controls these
motors to navigate the bot across the agricultural field.
3. Watering System:
 The bot includes a watering system for irrigation IV. RESULT
purposes. It could consist of a water tank, a pump,
and a network of pipes or hoses with sprinklers or
drippers. The Node MCU activates the pump to
distribute water as needed based on pre-defined
parameters or user commands.

4. Pesticide Spraying System:

Alongside the watering system, the agricultural bot
features a pesticide spraying system. This system
may include a tank for holding pesticides, a pump,
and a spraying mechanism such as nozzles or
sprayers. The Node MCU controls the spraying
process, activating the pump and adjusting the flow
rate to ensure even coverage of pesticides on the
crops.

5. Ploughing Mechanism:
The bot is equipped with a ploughing mechanism
for soil preparation. This could be a rotating blade
or a set of tines that till the soil. The Node MCU
engages this mechanism when needed, directing
the bot to plough the designated area of the field.

6. Seed Dispenser:
To plant seeds, the agricultural bot features a seed Fig. 2 : Agricultural bot
dispenser. This could be a hopper that holds the
seeds and a mechanism for releasing them onto the
soil. The Node MCU controls the seed dispenser,
ensuring seeds are planted at the correct intervals
and depths.

7. Bluetooth Module (HC05):

The Bluetooth module (HC05) provides wireless
communication capabilities for the agricultural bot.
It allows users to interact with the bot remotely
using a smartphone or other Bluetooth-enabled
device. Users can send commands to the bot,
monitor its status, and adjust settings as needed via
a mobile app or a custom interface.

8. Integration and Control:

The Node MCU integrates all these components
and controls their operation based on inputs from
sensors, predefined algorithms, or user commands.
The Node MCU also manages power distribution,
ensuring efficient operation of the bot's
components while conserving energy.

Overall, the agricultural bot with watering,

pesticide spraying, ploughing, seed dispensing
capabilities, and Bluetooth connectivity offers an
automated solution for various farming tasks, Fig. 3
increasing efficiency, reducing labor requirements,
and optimizing crop yield.
V. CONCLUSION

An intelligent robot system spraying pesticides, to control

the robot through a wireless alternative to manual
completion of crops spray test, reducing direct exposure to
pesticides
and the human body, reduce pesticide harm to people, and
improve production efficiency. In nodemcu microcontroller
as the core controller, anti-interference ability, low prices.
By good, can be different terrain, different heights crops by
spraying operation tests show that a certain protective,
practical, mobile robot, better spray effect at the right
working environment, such Its low cost, ease of handling
and easy maintenance and other characteristics of
individuals with a broad market in agricultural production.
VI. FUTURE SCOPE
Future scopes of robots include:
• Increased Efficiency: Agricultural bots have the potential
to significantly increase the efficiency of farming operations
by automating tasks such as planting, weeding, watering,
and harvesting. This can lead to higher yields and reduced
labor costs.
• Precision Agriculture: Bots equipped with sensors and AI
algorithms can collect and analyze data on soil conditions,
weather patterns, crop health, and more. This enables
farmers to make data-driven decisions, optimize resource
usage, and maximize crop yields while minimizing
environmental impact.
• Labor Shortage Mitigation: With an increasing shortage
of agricultural labor in many regions, agricultural bots offer
a solution by automating repetitive and labor-intensive
tasks. This can help farmers maintain productivity and
competitiveness despite challenges in hiring seasonal
workers..
• By optimizing resource usage and reducing the need for
chemical inputs through precision application techniques,
agricultural bots can contribute to more sustainable farming
practices. This includes reduced water usage, minimized
pesticide and fertilizer runoff, and improved soil health.
• Scalability: Agricultural bots can be designed to operate
on a range of farm sizes, from small-scale operations to
large industrial farms. This scalability makes them
accessible to a wide range of farmers, regardless of the size
of their operations.
• Integration with Other Technologies: Agricultural bots
can be integrated with other emerging technologies such as
drones, satellite imagery, and blockchain to further enhance
farm management practices. This integration enables
farmers to monitor their fields remotely, track produce from
farm to fork, and improve supply chain transparency.
X. REFERENCES
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humanhealth” Shanghai Journal of Preventive Medicine,
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[2] N. Dai, “Development and application of Agricultural
Robot,” Agricultural Research, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 241-243,
2009.
[3] X. Zhao, “The main application of intelligent robot in
the field of agriculture automation”, Chinese Agricultural
Science Bulletin, vol. 26, no. 10, pp. 360-364, 2010.
[4] R. Berenstein, O. B. Shahar, A. Shapiro, and Y. Edan,
“Grape clusters and foliage detection algorithms for
autonomous selective vineyard sprayer”, Intelligent Service
Robotics, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 233-243, October 2010.
[5] G. Gao, H. Zhou, and X. Niu, “An intelligent variable
spraying decision-making system based on fuzzy neural
network for greenhouse mobile robot”, Intelligent
Computing for Sustainable Energy and Environment, vol.
355, pp. 257-265, 2013.
[6] R. Gadow, A. Candel, and M. Floristán, “Optimized
robot trajectory generation for thermal spraying operations
and high quality coatings on free-form surfaces”, Surface
Coatings Technology., vol. 205, no.4, pp. 1074-1079, 2010.
[7] S. H. Deng, Z. Cai, D. D. Fang, H. Liao, G. Montavon,
“Application of robot offline programming in thermal
spraying original research article”, Surface Coatings
Technology, vol. 206, no. 19, pp. 3875-3882, 2012.