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‫الرابط‬ ‫فعل القول‬

that said
that – to – not to told + ‫مفعول‬
‫ — كلمة استفهام‬if – to – not to asked (+(‫مفعول‬
to – not to advised+ ‫مفعول‬
:‫ملحوظة‬
Types of speech
1- Statement ‫ (الجملة الخبرية‬I forgot my book)
Ahmed said to us ," I forgot my book." ( Direct)
Ahmed told us that he had forgotten his book. ( indirect)
Mariam said to me," my father went to the valley yesterday."
Mariam told me that her father had gone ………. The day before.
Abdullah said to me , " I saw a camel yesterday."
Abdullah told me that he had seen a camel the day before.

2- Imperative ( order – instructions)

Positive Negative
Come here. Don't tell lies.
Always be serious. Never come late.

" please, help me." Sara said to Hala.

- Sara asked/requested / pleased/begged Hala to help her.
" Come here , Mariam." Mahra said.
Mahra asked Mariam to come there.
- " Don't park here." The policeman said to me.
The policeman told/ordered/instructed /warned me not to park there.
" Don't make noise." Mariam said to Khalid. ( noise ‫ضوضاء‬- a noise‫صوت‬
Mariam told Khalid not to make noise.

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3- Question
Yes-No question ‫السؤال بهل‬ Wh-question
Am-is- are- was were what
Do – does -did why
Have has had where
Will would when
Shall should who
Can could whom
May might whose
Must – ought to which
How
How+ adj
" Are you tired, Ahmed?" The teacher said.
The teacher asked Ahmed if/whether he was tired.
The teacher wanted to know if/whether Ahmed was tired.
The teacher wondered if/whether Ahmed was tired.
" Do you understand, Mahra?" Mr. Amr said.
Mr. Amr wanted to know if Mahra understood.

" How are you?" He asked me.

He asked me how I was.
" How are you?" Ali asked Hassan.
Ali asked Hassan how he was.
" Where were you yesterday?" He asked me.
He asked me where I had been the day before/ the previous day.

4- Exclamation ‫التعجب‬

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"What a smart boy!" He said

He exclaimed that the boy was smart.
What an exciting movie!

How beautiful the rose is!

" Let's go home. I am hungry."

Ahmed suggested to go home and added that he was hungry

Ahmed suggested going home
Ahmed suggested that we go home.
" Would you like to come?"
Mr. Amr invited me to go
Mr. Amr invited me to his birthday.
Mr. Amr inquired if I would like to go to his birthday.
..‫ يأتي بعدهما المصدر‬to /not to
.‫كلمة االستفهام يأتي بعدهم جملة من فاعل وفعل‬/ that / if

‫جدول التحويالت‬
"‫" مباشر‬ ‫غير مباشر‬ ‫!ماذ نختار ؟‬
‫المضارع البسيط‬ ‫الماضي البسيط‬
‫الماضي البسيط‬ had + pp ‫التام‬/‫الماضي البسيط‬
now then = at that time ‫الماضي المستمر‬
tomorrow the following day = the next day would + v1/ ‫الماضي المستمر‬
next week the following week would + v1/ ‫الماضي المستمر‬
yesterday the day before = the previous day had + PP
last week the week before had + PP
ago before = earlier had + PP
today that day ‫الماضي البسيط‬
tonight that night ‫الماضي البسيط‬
this that
these those
here there
must had to
mustn't wasn't to / weren't to
must be must have been
can't be can't have been
needn't didn't have to
can could
will would

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shall should
may might
am was
is was
are were/was
was was / had been
were were / had been
has had
have had
"......... Don't" not to
don't didn't
doesn't didn't
didn't+ ‫مصدر‬ didn't+ ‫ مصدر‬hadn't + PP /
Choose :
1-Dr Amr told Talal that he ……………. care of the children the following week.
(will take – would take – had taken – takes)

2-He said that he ……………to Cairo the following day.

(will travel – had travelled – was travelling - travelled)
3-Maher said that he …….. his uncle the day before.
(would visit – had visited – was visiting – has visited)
4-Karima ……………….me that she was ill.
(asked – told – said - advised)
5-The doctor told me …………………the medicine.
(to take – took – taking – taken)
6-Ali asked her where ……..
(had she gone – she had gone – will she go – she would go)
7-"I can't finish this homework now." ……………………Heba.
(asked – told – said - advised)
8-Dalia said that ……………could swim.
(herself – her – she - hers)

:‫يمكن أن يبدأ السؤال غير المباشر بأحد التعبيرات اآلتية‬

I wonder – I don’t know – I’d like to know – Could you tell me
He wanted to know – I have no idea why……he was la

‫هل هناك حاالت النغير فيها األزمنة؟‬

:‫ال يتحول زمن الفعل فى الجملة الغير مباشرة االستفهامية والخبرية فى الحاالت اآلتية‬
says :‫ إذا كان فعل القول مضارعًا بسيطًا‬-1
has said : ‫ إذا كان فعل القول مضارعًا تامًا‬-2
.‫ إذا كانت الجملة حقيقة ثابتة‬-3
)He said just now( .‫ إذا كان الكالم قيل من فترة وجيزة‬-4
1-The teacher said the earth ….. round. (was – is – had been – will be