GIỚI TỪ CHỈ VỊ TRÍ

A. LÝ THUYẾT
1.
Preposition
Explanation Example
of place
Inside  I watch TV in the living-room
 I live in New York
 Look at the picture in the book
in  She looks at herself in the mirror.
 She is in the car.
 Look at the girl in the picture
 This is the best team in the world
used to show an exact position  I met her at the entrance, at the bus
or particular place stop
 She sat at the table
at
 at a concert, at the party
 at the
movies, at university, at work
+ next to or along the side of  Look at the picture on the wall
(river)  Cambridge is on the River Cam.
+ used to show that something  The book is on the desk
is in a position above  A smile on his face
something else and touching it.  The shop is on the left
on + left, right  My apartment is on the first floor
+ a floor in a house  I love traveling on trains /on the
+ used for showing some bus / on a plane
methods of traveling  My favorite program on TV, on the
+ television, radio radio

by, next to, + not far away in distance
beside, near
+ in or into the space which
between separates two places, people or
objects
behind + at the back (of)
+ further forward than
in front of
someone or something else
+ lower than (or covered by)
under
something else
below + lower than something else.
 The girl who is by / next
to / besidethe house.
 The town lies
halfway between Rome and
Florence.
 I hung my coat behind the door.
 She started talking to the man in
front of her
 the cat is under the chair.
 the plane is just below the the
 cloud
+ above or higher than  She held the umbrella over both of
something else, sometimes so us.
that one thing covers the other.  Most of the carpets are over $100.
over
+ across from one side to the  I walked over the bridge
other.  She jumped over the gate
+ overcoming an obstacle
+ higher than something else,  a path above the lake
above
but not directly over it
+ from one side to the other of  She walked across the field/road.
across something with clear limits /  He sailed across the Atlantic
getting to the other side
+ from one end or side of  They walked slowly through the
through
something to the other woods.
+ in the direction of  We went to Prague last year.
to
+ bed  I go to bed at ten.
+ towards the inside or middle  Shall we go into the garden?
of something and about to be
into
contained, surrounded or
enclosed by it
+ in the direction of, or closer  She stood up and
towards
to someone or something walked towardshim.
+ used to show movement into  I slipped as I stepped onto the
onto
or on a particular place platform.
+ used to show the place  What time does the flight from
from
where smb or sth starts Amsterdam arrive?
B. Bài tập ứng dụng
Bài 1: Chọn đáp án đúng

1) I eat…….home with my family

A. at

B. in

C. on

D. beside

2) May comes……..April.
A. before

B. after

C. from D. against

3) There is a clock………the wall in class.

A. near B. across C. on D. at

4) Wher is Susan? She is sitting………Jim.

A. on B. under C. between D. next to

5) We’re studying………Sai Gon University.

A. at B.in C.of D. from

6) There are 40 students…….the class.

A. inside B. in C. at D. over

7) My pen is…….the books and the computer.

A. among B. down C. up D. between

8) I saw a mouse……the chair.

A. among B. between C. in D. behind

9) My house is……to the hospital.

A. close B. near C. opposite D. across

10) We come……Viet Nam.

A. in B. above C. from D. below

Đáp án:

1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 5) A
6) B 7) D 8) D 9) A 10) C

Bài 2: Chọn giới từ đúng

1. Laura: I felt really afraid when I was walking home from/off the club. All the time I
could hear someone behind/in front of me, but I didn’t dare turn round.
Sophie: I expect you were imagining it.
Laura: No, I wasn’t. I saw him after I’d come in across/through the gate. He was
wearing a long black coat that came down well below/under his knees.
2. David: You know Adam, don’t you? He’s very strange. He walked
right along/past me yesterday as I was coming among/down the stairs, but he didn’t say
hello.
Tom: The other day he was sitting beside/opposite me at lunch, so I couldn’t help
looking at him, I said hello, but he didn’t speak

Đáp án:

1. from/behind
2. across/ under
3. along/ down
4. opposite

C. Bài tập rèn luyện

Bài 1. Điền giới từ đúng.
► Sophie was lying on the grass reading a book.
1. It’s my holiday next week. I’m going …………………….Spain.
2. There was a big crowd ……………………… the shop waiting for it to open.
3. That man is an idiot. He pushed me ……………………the swimming-pool.
4. I went ……………………..the chemists just now, but I didn’t notice if it was
open.
5. David hurt himself. He fell ……………………… his bike.
6. There’s a café .……………top of the mountain. You can have a coffee there
before you go down.
7. The sheep got out …………………… a hole in the fence.
8. Pompeii is quite……………………….. Sorrento. It’s only a short train ride.
9. There’s such a crowd. You won’t find your friend ………………… all these
people.
Bài 2: Sửa lỗi sai:
1. My shoes is under the chair.
2. This is you pen.
3. The book is in the table.
 4. Mary and Tom are on the room.
5. His fathers is there.
6. Her desk is between the windows.
7. The clock is next the glass.
8. Their mother is upstair.
9. The dog is bihind the shelf.
10. Our teacher is in front off the blackboard.
Bài 3: Điền giới từ thích hợp

1) He’s swimming the river. .

2) Where’s Julie? She’s school.
3) The plant is the table.
4) There is a spider the bath.
5) Please put those apples the bowl.
6) Frank is holiday for three weeks.
7) There are two pockets this bag.
8) I read the story the newspaper. .
9) The cat is sitting the chair
10) Lucy was standing the bus stop. .
11) I’ll meet you the cinema. .
12) She hung a picture the wall. .
13) John is the garden.
14) There’s nothing TV tonight.
15) I stayed home all weekend. .
16) When I called Lucy, she was the bus
17) There was a spider the ceiling.
18) Unfortunately, Mr Brown is hospital.
19) Don’t sit the table! Sit a chair.
20) There are four cushions the sofa.